CN113050158B - Analysis method, device and equipment for near-field microseismic signal waveform and storage medium - Google Patents
Analysis method, device and equipment for near-field microseismic signal waveform and storage medium Download PDFInfo
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- G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
- G01V1/00—Seismology; Seismic or acoustic prospecting or detecting
- G01V1/28—Processing seismic data, e.g. analysis, for interpretation, for correction
- G01V1/282—Application of seismic models, synthetic seismograms
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- G01V1/00—Seismology; Seismic or acoustic prospecting or detecting
- G01V1/28—Processing seismic data, e.g. analysis, for interpretation, for correction
- G01V1/288—Event detection in seismic signals, e.g. microseismics
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- G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
- G01V1/00—Seismology; Seismic or acoustic prospecting or detecting
- G01V1/28—Processing seismic data, e.g. analysis, for interpretation, for correction
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of near-field microseismic signal processing, and discloses a method, a device, equipment and a storage medium for analyzing a near-field microseismic signal waveform. The method comprises the following steps: acquiring a near-field microseismic signal of a monitored area to obtain a microseismic signal time domain waveform of the monitored area; carrying out waveform processing on the microseismic signal time domain waveform to generate a microseismic signal time domain standardized waveform; extracting the maximum value of the standardized waveform, and generating a target microseismic signal time domain waveform of a marked peak point; determining a starting point and a terminating point of a time domain waveform section according to the time domain waveform section of the target microseismic signal time domain waveform; and finally, analyzing the linear fitting curve through a preset data model to obtain a representation form and an analysis result of the micro-seismic signal time-domain waveform, and obtaining the commonalities and differences of various micro-seismic signals.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of near-field microseismic signal processing, in particular to a method, a device, equipment and a storage medium for analyzing a near-field microseismic signal waveform.
Background
Microseismic monitoring is a common geophysical detection technology in the field of geotechnical engineering. The technology is used for acquiring vibration data generated by rock mass fracture induced by engineering activities in real time. The early micro-seismic monitoring is mainly applied to the fields of mines and oil and gas exploitation, along with the implementation of the national strategy of 'advancing to the deep part of the earth', a large number of deep high-stress projects are developed in the fields of national defense, water conservancy and hydropower, underground laboratories, traffic and the like, and the micro-seismic monitoring plays an outstanding role in high-stress disaster monitoring and prediction early warning and becomes an essential monitoring means in the process of high-stress hard rock project construction.
Compared with the far-field monitoring scale of the mine and the oil field which is near kilometers, the monitoring scale aiming at the tunnel (hole), the underground factory building, the side slope, the local mining field of the mine and the like is often near field: the distance between the microseismic sensor and the rock mass fracture is less than 300 m. Under the near-field condition, the microseismic monitoring also captures a large amount of various noises while sensitively sensing the rock mass fracture. Under the interference of a large amount of noise, the rapid and accurate identification of rock mass fracture signals is the core of microseismic signal processing, and the accurate recognition and description of the generality and the difference of various near-field microseismic signals are the key for solving the problem.
The original information collected by microseismic monitoring is various microseismic signal vibration time domain waveforms, the characteristics of various microseismic signal time domain waveforms in the near field are qualitatively described mainly in a manual observation mode at present, and no specific and uniform analysis mode is provided for the characteristics of various collected microseismic signal time domain waveforms.
The above is only for the purpose of assisting understanding of the technical aspects of the present invention, and does not represent an admission that the above is prior art.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention mainly aims to provide a method, a device, equipment and a storage medium for analyzing near-field microseismic signal waveforms, and aims to solve the technical problem of accurately analyzing the commonality and difference of various near-field microseismic signals in the prior art.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a method for analyzing a near-field microseismic signal waveform, which comprises the following steps:
acquiring a near-field microseismic signal of a monitored area, and acquiring a microseismic signal time domain waveform of the monitored area according to the near-field microseismic signal;
carrying out waveform processing on the microseismic signal time domain waveform to generate a microseismic signal time domain standardized waveform;
extracting the maximum value of the microseismic signal time domain standardized waveform to generate a target microseismic signal time domain waveform of a marked peak point;
determining a starting point and a terminating point of the time domain waveform section according to the time domain waveform section of the target microseismic signal time domain waveform;
generating a linear piecewise fitting curve of the target microseismic signal time domain waveform according to the time domain waveform section and the starting point and the ending point of the time domain waveform section;
and analyzing through a preset data processing model according to the linear piecewise fitting curve to obtain a representation form of the microseismic signal time domain waveform, and analyzing the microseismic signal according to the representation form.
Optionally, the performing waveform processing on the microseismic signal time domain waveform to generate a microseismic signal time domain normalized waveform includes:
carrying out positive processing on an absolute value of an amplitude value corresponding to a sampling point in the microseismic signal time domain waveform to obtain a positive sampling point;
acquiring a maximum amplitude value in the positive amplitude values, and dividing the amplitude value corresponding to the positive sampling point by the maximum amplitude for normalization processing to obtain a normalized sampling point;
and acquiring sampling points of which the corresponding amplitude values are smaller than a first preset value from the normalized sampling points, and adjusting the amplitude values corresponding to the sampling points to be preset amplitude values so as to generate a microseismic signal time domain standardized waveform.
Optionally, the extracting a maximum value of the microseismic signal time domain normalized waveform to generate a target microseismic signal time domain waveform labeled with a peak-to-peak point includes:
extracting a maximum value in the microseismic signal time domain standardized waveform to generate a first maximum value sampling point sequence;
extracting a maximum value in the first maximum value sampling sequence, and generating a second maximum value sampling point sequence according to data in the first maximum value sampling point sequence;
correcting the amplitude value in the second maximum sampling point sequence to generate a corrected first maximum sampling point sequence;
and carrying out sequence analysis on the corrected first maximum sampling point sequence to generate a target microseismic signal time domain waveform for marking a peak and peak point.
The sequence analysis is carried out on the corrected first maximum value sampling point sequence to generate a target microseismic signal time domain waveform for marking a peak point, and the method comprises the following steps:
extracting sampling points of which the amplitude values are smaller than a second preset value in the corrected first maximum value sampling point sequence to obtain target sampling points;
marking the position and the number of the target sampling point in the modified first maximum value sampling point sequence;
when sampling points with amplitude values exceeding a third preset value exist between two continuous target sampling points, extracting the maximum amplitude value of the current section;
and marking the sampling point corresponding to the maximum amplitude value as a peak point of the current section, and generating a target microseismic signal time domain waveform marking the peak point.
Optionally, before determining the start point and the end point of the time domain waveform section according to the time domain waveform section of the target microseismic signal time domain waveform, the method further includes:
determining the section position of the time domain waveform of the target microseismic signal time domain waveform and the section number of the time domain waveform section according to the peak point position and the number of the peaks of the target microseismic signal time domain waveform;
and determining the time domain waveform section of the target microseismic signal time domain waveform according to the section position of the time domain waveform of the target microseismic signal time domain waveform and the section number of the time domain waveform section.
Optionally, the generating a linear piecewise fitting curve of the target microseismic signal time domain waveform according to the time domain waveform section and the start point and the end point of the time domain waveform section includes:
and sequentially connecting an initial sampling point in the target microseismic signal time domain waveform, the initial point and the end point of the time domain waveform section, the peak point of the target microseismic signal time domain waveform and the end sampling point in the target microseismic signal time domain waveform according to the second position information of the initial point and the end point and the target microseismic signal time domain waveform, and generating a linear piecewise fitting curve of the target microseismic signal time domain waveform.
Optionally, before the second position information according to the starting point and the ending point and the target microseismic signal time domain waveform, the method further includes:
determining the position of a sampling point in the first maximum value sampling point sequence in the microseismic signal time domain standardized waveform to obtain first position information of the first maximum value sampling point;
and determining the positions of the starting point and the ending point of the time domain waveform section in the microseismic signal time domain standardized waveform according to the first position information to obtain second position information of the starting point and the ending point.
In addition, in order to achieve the above object, the present invention further provides an apparatus for analyzing a near-field microseismic signal waveform, comprising:
the acquisition module is used for acquiring a near-field microseismic signal of a monitored area and acquiring a microseismic signal time domain waveform of the monitored area according to the near-field microseismic signal;
the processing module is used for carrying out waveform processing on the microseismic signal time domain waveform to generate a microseismic signal time domain standardized waveform;
the extraction module is used for extracting the maximum value of the microseismic signal time domain standardized waveform and generating a target microseismic signal time domain waveform marked with a peak point;
the determining module is used for determining a starting point and a terminating point of the time domain waveform section according to the time domain waveform section of the target microseismic signal time domain waveform;
the generation module is used for generating a linear piecewise fitting curve of the target microseismic signal time domain waveform according to the time domain waveform section and the starting point and the ending point of the time domain waveform section;
and the analysis module is used for analyzing the linear piecewise fitting curve through a preset data processing model to obtain a representation form of the microseismic signal time domain waveform and analyzing the microseismic signal according to the representation form.
In addition, in order to achieve the above object, the present invention further provides an apparatus for analyzing a near-field microseismic signal waveform, including: a memory, a processor and a program for analysis of near field microseismic signal waveforms stored on the memory and executable on the processor, the program for analysis of near field microseismic signal waveforms configured to implement the steps of the method for analysis of near field microseismic signal waveforms as described above.
In addition, to achieve the above object, the present invention further provides a storage medium, where the storage medium stores an analysis program of a near-field microseismic signal waveform, and the analysis program of the near-field microseismic signal waveform is executed by a processor to implement the steps of the analysis method of the near-field microseismic signal waveform as described above.
The method comprises the steps of obtaining a near-field microseismic signal of a monitored area, and obtaining a microseismic signal time domain waveform of the monitored area according to the near-field microseismic signal; carrying out waveform processing on the microseismic signal time domain waveform to generate a microseismic signal time domain standardized waveform; extracting the maximum value of the microseismic signal time domain standardized waveform to generate a target microseismic signal time domain waveform of a marked peak point; determining a starting point and a terminating point of the time domain waveform section according to the time domain waveform section of the target microseismic signal time domain waveform; generating a linear piecewise fitting curve of the target microseismic signal time domain waveform according to the time domain waveform section and the starting point and the ending point of the time domain waveform section; and analyzing through a preset data processing model according to the linear piecewise fitting curve to obtain a representation form of the microseismic signal time domain waveform, and analyzing the microseismic signal according to the representation form. By analyzing the near-field microseismic signal time domain waveform of the monitored area in the above way, the characteristics of the microseismic signal time domain waveform can be correctly and clearly identified, and the commonality and the difference of various near-field microseismic signal waveforms can be accurately analyzed.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an apparatus for analyzing a near-field microseismic signal waveform of a hardware operating environment according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic flow chart illustrating a method for analyzing a near-field microseismic signal waveform according to a first embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a sensor layout diagram of the method for analyzing a near-field microseismic signal waveform of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a sensor cross-sectional view of a method of analyzing a near-field microseismic signal waveform in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram illustrating the normalization of the time domain waveform of the microseismic signal according to the method for analyzing the near field microseismic signal waveform of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a peak-to-peak point of a microseismic signal extracted according to an embodiment of the method for analyzing a near-field microseismic signal waveform of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram illustrating the determination of the start and stop points of the waveform segment of the microseismic signal according to the method for analyzing the near field microseismic signal waveform of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a linear piecewise fitting curve established for the microseismic signals according to the method for analyzing the near-field microseismic signal waveforms of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a schematic flow chart illustrating a method for analyzing a near-field microseismic signal waveform according to a second embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a block diagram of a first embodiment of an apparatus for analyzing a near-field microseismic signal waveform in accordance with the present invention.
The implementation, functional features and advantages of the objects of the present invention will be further explained with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Detailed Description
It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
Referring to fig. 1, fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an analysis apparatus for a near-field microseismic signal waveform of a hardware operating environment according to an embodiment of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1, the apparatus for analyzing a near-field microseismic signal waveform may include: a processor 1001, such as a Central Processing Unit (CPU), a communication bus 1002, a user interface 1003, a network interface 1004, and a memory 1005. Wherein a communication bus 1002 is used to enable connective communication between these components. The user interface 1003 may include a Display screen (Display), an input unit such as a Keyboard (Keyboard), and the optional user interface 1003 may also include a standard wired interface, a wireless interface. The network interface 1004 may optionally include a standard wired interface, a WIreless interface (e.g., a WIreless-FIdelity (WI-FI) interface). The Memory 1005 may be a Random Access Memory (RAM) Memory, or may be a Non-Volatile Memory (NVM), such as a disk Memory. The memory 1005 may alternatively be a storage device separate from the processor 1001.
Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the configuration shown in FIG. 1 does not constitute a limitation of the analysis apparatus for near field microseismic signal waveforms and may include more or fewer components than shown, or some components in combination, or a different arrangement of components.
As shown in fig. 1, a memory 1005, which is a storage medium, may include therein an operating system, a network communication module, a user interface module, and an analysis program of a near-field microseismic signal waveform.
In the near-field microseismic signal waveform analyzing apparatus shown in fig. 1, the network interface 1004 is mainly used for data communication with a network server; the user interface 1003 is mainly used for data interaction with a user; the processor 1001 and the memory 1005 of the near-field microseismic signal waveform analysis device of the present invention may be arranged in the near-field microseismic signal waveform analysis device, and the near-field microseismic signal waveform analysis device calls the analysis program of the near-field microseismic signal waveform stored in the memory 1005 through the processor 1001 and executes the analysis method of the near-field microseismic signal waveform provided by the embodiment of the present invention.
An embodiment of the present invention provides a method for analyzing a near-field microseismic signal waveform, and referring to fig. 2, fig. 2 is a schematic flow chart of a first embodiment of a method for analyzing a near-field microseismic signal waveform according to the present invention.
In this embodiment, the method for analyzing the near-field microseismic signal waveform includes the following steps:
and step S10, acquiring a near-field microseismic signal of the monitored area, and acquiring a near-field microseismic signal time domain waveform of the monitored area according to the near-field microseismic signal.
It should be noted that, in this embodiment, based on a monitoring method that a plurality of types of sensors and multiple monitoring stations are used for cooperative monitoring and move following a tunnel face in the process of developing TBM tunneling in an underground powerhouse of a certain hydropower station, a near-field microseismic signal monitored by a microseismic real-time monitoring test may be monitored in other places, or other monitoring methods may be used, which is not limited in this embodiment, but this embodiment is described based on an underground powerhouse of a certain hydropower station.
In a specific implementation, the arrangement mode of the microseismic sensors in the trend is shown in fig. 3, the arrangement mode of the sensors in the cross section is shown in fig. 4, and the following modes are specifically adopted: a first group of 4 sensors (numbers D1-1-D1-4) are arranged at a distance of about 70m from the tunnel face, wherein D1-1, D1-3 and D1-4 are of a unidirectional velocity type, D1-2 is of a three-way acceleration type, the drilling depth is 2m, the drilling diameter is at least 1.5 times of the diameter of the mounted sensors, and the distance between adjacent sensors is 2 m. When the distance between the first group of sensors and the face is about 110m, 4 sensors (numbered D2-1-D2-4) in the second group are installed, when the face continues to be pushed to a position about 150m away from the first group of sensors, the first group of sensors are recovered, a third group of sensors are installed at a position 70m away from the current face, and the installation mode is the same as that of the first group. And repeating the steps to realize the real-time monitoring of the movement following the tunnel face.
And step S20, performing waveform processing on the microseismic signal time domain waveform to generate a microseismic signal time domain standardized waveform.
It should be noted that the microseismic signal time domain waveform refers to an original time domain waveform of the near-field microseismic signal acquired by the microseismic sensor. The original time domain waveform of the near-field microseismic signal can be regarded as a set A of discrete sampling points i1,2,3, M, wherein aiThe amplitude value corresponding to the ith sampling point of the original time domain waveform is obtained, and M is the total number of sampling points of the original time domain waveform.
It can be understood that the waveform processing of the time-domain waveform of the microseismic signal refers to a process of normalizing the original time-domain waveform of the near-field microseismic signal to generate a time-domain normalized waveform of the microseismic signal.
Further, the processing the waveform of the time domain waveform of the microseismic signal to generate the time domain standardized waveform of the microseismic signal includes: carrying out positive processing on an absolute value of an amplitude value corresponding to a sampling point in the microseismic signal time domain waveform to obtain a positive sampling point; acquiring a maximum amplitude value in the positive amplitude values, and dividing the amplitude value corresponding to the positive sampling point by the maximum amplitude for normalization processing to obtain a normalized sampling point; acquiring sampling points of which the corresponding amplitude values in the normalized sampling points are smaller than a first preset value, and adjusting the amplitude values corresponding to the sampling points to be preset amplitude values to generate a time domain standardized waveform of the microseismic signal, wherein the process of the time domain standardized waveform of the microseismic signal generated in the embodiment is shown in fig. 5.
In a specific implementation, the amplitude of the original time domain waveform is normalized and corresponds to the waveform data Bi＝|Ai1,2,3, M, statistic BiMaximum value of (B)max＝max(B1,B2,...,BM) Amplitude normalization processing is carried out on the normalized time domain waveform, and the normalized waveform data is Ci＝Bi/Bmax,i＝1,2,3,...,M。
It should be noted that the first preset value is 0.1 in this embodiment, and the preset value isThe amplitude value is 0 in the present embodiment, but may be other values, but the present embodiment is exemplified based on the two values. In the concrete implementation, considering that the rock mass fracture signal is influenced by noise, the characteristics of the near-field microseismic signal are mainly determined by a large amplitude value sampling point. Therefore, if the amplitude value of the sampling point after normalization is less than 0.1, the amplitude value is corrected to 0, and then the time domain standardized waveform of the near-field microseismic signal is generated
i＝1,2,3,...,M。
In the embodiment, by normalizing the original time-domain waveform of the near-field microseismic signal, the generated normalized waveform is beneficial to the subsequent analysis and processing of the waveform.
And step S30, extracting the maximum value of the microseismic signal time domain standardized waveform, and generating a target microseismic signal time domain waveform marking a peak point of a peak.
It should be noted that, the extraction of the maximum value is performed on the generated near-field microseismic signal time domain normalized waveform, specifically including the extraction process of the maximum value twice, the peak-to-peak point of the microseismic signal time domain normalized waveform is marked, and the target microseismic signal time domain waveform is generated, in this embodiment, the process of establishing the modified first maximum value sampling point sequence and extracting the peak-to-peak point is shown in fig. 6.
Further, the extracting a maximum value of the normalized microseismic signal time domain waveform to generate a target microseismic signal time domain waveform marking a peak-to-peak point comprises: extracting a maximum value in the microseismic signal time domain standardized waveform to generate a first maximum value sampling point sequence; extracting a maximum value in the first maximum value sampling sequence, and generating a second maximum value sampling point sequence according to data in the first maximum value sampling point sequence; correcting the amplitude value in the second maximum sampling point sequence to generate a corrected first maximum sampling point sequence; and carrying out sequence analysis on the corrected first maximum sampling point sequence to generate a target microseismic signal time domain waveform for marking a peak and peak point.
To be explainedThe first maximum value sampling point sequence is generated by extracting a maximum value for the first time from the microseismic signal time domain standardized waveform, and the amplitude value in the microseismic signal time domain standardized waveform meets the requirement
The sample points for (i ═ 1,2, 3.., M-1) are labeled as the 1 st maximum sample point. Recording the position of each 1-time maximum value sampling point in the time domain standardized waveform of the microseismic signal, and then sequentially connecting and sequencing the sampling points again according to the sampling sequence to generate a 1-time maximum value sampling point sequence EjJ is 1,2, 3., (N < M), and the corresponding position sequence of the 1 st maximum point in the time domain normalized waveform of the microseismic signal can be recorded as 1# Max, j is 1,2, 3., (N). And N is a primary maximum sampling point format of the microseismic signal time domain standardized waveform.
It will be appreciated that the second maximum sample point sequence is obtained by extracting the maximum values again from the first maximum sample point sequence, satisfying the amplitude values
The sample points for (j 2, 3.., N-1) are labeled as the 2-time maximum sample points
k is 1,2, 3., P (O < P), and the position correspondence of each 2-time maximum in the 1-time maximum sampling point sequence can be recorded as 2# MaxkK is 1,2, 3. Wherein, P is the number of 2 maximum value sampling points in the 1-time maximum value sampling point sequence.
In a specific implementation, the correction processing refers to the following process: according to the sampling sequence, the head and tail points E in the sampling point sequence of the first maximum value1And 2 times ENMaximum sampling point
Sequentially connecting the sampling points with the amplitude value of 1 time of maximum value between the connecting points to the amplitude value corresponding to each sampling point on the connecting line of the two, and generating a corrected first maximum valueSequence of spots E'jJ is 1,2,3, and N, and the specific correction formula is as follows:
further, the performing sequence analysis on the modified first maximum value sampling point sequence to generate a target microseismic signal time domain waveform marking a peak-to-peak point includes: extracting sampling points of which the amplitude values are smaller than a second preset value in the corrected first maximum value sampling point sequence to obtain target sampling points; marking the position and the number of the target sampling point in the modified first maximum value sampling point sequence; when sampling points with amplitude values exceeding a third preset value exist between two continuous target sampling points, extracting the maximum amplitude value of the current section; and marking the sampling point corresponding to the maximum amplitude value as a peak point of the current section, and generating a target microseismic signal time domain waveform marking the peak point.
It should be understood that the target sampling point is the first maximum sampling point sequence corrected by extraction, and satisfies the amplitude value E'jJ ═ 1,2,3, N is obtained from sampling points where N is smaller than the second preset value, in the present embodiment, the second preset value is 0.2, or other more suitable values may be used, and in the present embodiment, without limitation, E 'is extracted'j<0.2, j ═ 1,2, 3.., N sampling points, and the positions of these sampling points in the corrected first maximum value sampling point sequence are recorded as
L (L < N), where L is the number of sampling points in the modified first maximum sampling point sequence whose amplitude values are less than 0.2. Sequentially taking a value of 1,2, 1, L-1, where the third preset value is 0.5 in this embodiment, or may be another more suitable value, which is not limited in this embodiment, and when there is a sampling point whose amplitude exceeds the third preset value between two consecutive target sampling points, extracting the maximum amplitude value of the current segment means that if there is a sampling point whose amplitude exceeds the third preset value, the maximum amplitude value of the current segment is extracted
E 'is present within the interval'jIf the amplitude value is more than 0.5, marking the maximum amplitude value sampling point in the interval as a peak-to-peak value point P of the microseismic signal time domain standard waveformr,r＝1,2,3,...,R。PrThe amplitude value of the R peak point is, and R is the number of peak points of the time domain standard waveform of the microseismic signal. Recording the position of each peak point in the first maximum sampling point sequence as
And generating a microseismic signal time domain standard waveform marked with the peak point of the peak, namely the target microseismic signal time domain waveform.
Step S40, determining the starting point and the ending point of the time domain waveform section according to the time domain waveform section of the target microseismic signal time domain waveform.
It should be noted that the target microseismic signal time domain waveform is obtained after the microseismic signal time domain standard waveform marked with the peak point of the peak is obtained, and the starting point and the ending point of the time domain waveform section are determined according to the target microseismic signal time domain waveform.
It should be noted that, the starting point S of the first waveform section of the time domain waveform of the target microseismic signal1The first sample point E of the modified sequence of sample points of the first maximum value1', the termination point F of the last wave-shaped sectionRIs the last sample point E 'of the sequence of corrected first maximum sample points'N. Starting point S of other waveform sections of target microseismic signal time domain waveformr(R ═ 2, 3.., R) is its section peak point PrThe first amplitude value appearing to the direction of the starting point of the corrected first maximum value sampling point sequence is less than 0.2, and the position of the point in the first maximum value sampling point sequence is recorded as
Then E'j≥0.2，
OthersEnd point F of segment waveformrFor its section peak point PrThe first amplitude value appearing in the direction of the end point of the corrected first maximum value sampling point sequence is less than 0.2, and the position of the point is recorded as
Then E'j≥0.2，
Finally, the starting point and the ending point of the time domain waveform section of the target microseismic signal are determined, and the process of extracting the wave band starting and ending point in the modified first maximum value sampling point sequence in the embodiment is shown in fig. 7.
Further, before determining the start point and the end point of the time domain waveform section according to the time domain waveform section of the target microseismic signal time domain waveform, the method further comprises: determining the section position of the time domain waveform of the target microseismic signal time domain waveform and the section number of the time domain waveform section according to the peak point position and the number of the peaks of the target microseismic signal time domain waveform; and determining the time domain waveform section of the target microseismic signal time domain waveform according to the section position of the time domain waveform of the target microseismic signal time domain waveform and the section number of the time domain waveform section.
It can be understood that the number R of segments of the time domain waveform of the target microseismic signal is determined according to the number R of peak-to-peak points of the time domain waveform of the target microseismic signal, and the position of the time domain waveform segment of the time domain waveform of the target microseismic signal is determined according to the position of the peak-to-peak points.
Step S50, generating a linear piecewise fitting curve of the target microseismic signal time domain waveform according to the time domain waveform section and the starting point and the ending point of the time domain waveform section.
It should be noted that a linear piecewise fitting curve of the near-field microseismic signal time domain normalized waveform is generated according to the sampling point of the microseismic signal time domain normalized waveform, the starting point and the ending point of the time domain waveform section, and the peak point marked in the target microseismic signal, and the process of establishing the time domain normalized waveform linear piecewise fitting curve in the embodiment is shown in fig. 8.
And step S60, analyzing the linear piecewise fitting curve through a preset data processing model to obtain a representation form of the microseismic signal time domain waveform, and analyzing the microseismic signal according to the representation form.
It can be understood that the preset data processing model refers to a unified mathematical expression form of the relationship between the amplitude values f (x) of the time domain waveform of the near-field microseismic signal and the sequence x of the sampling points:
in the formula, D1And DMCorresponding amplitude values, S, for the first and last sampling points of the time-domain normalized waveform, respectivelyr,Pr,FrRespectively corresponding to the Start point, the peak point and the end point of each time domain waveform section to obtain an amplitude value, Startr,Peakr,FinalrAre respectively Sr,Pr,FrAnd the sequence number of sampling points in the time domain standardized waveform, M is the total number of the sampling points of the time domain standardized waveform, and R is the number of time domain waveform sections.
And establishing a unified mathematical expression form representing the relation between the near-field microseismic signal time domain waveform amplitude value f (x) and the sampling point sequence x according to the values of all fitting points in the linear piecewise fitting curve so as to obtain an expression of the microseismic signal time domain waveform of the monitored area, and analyzing the microseismic signal according to the result of the expression.
In the embodiment, a micro-seismic signal time domain waveform of a monitored area is obtained according to a near-field micro-seismic signal by obtaining the near-field micro-seismic signal of the monitored area; carrying out waveform processing on the microseismic signal time domain waveform to generate a microseismic signal time domain standardized waveform; extracting the maximum value of the microseismic signal time domain standardized waveform to generate a target microseismic signal time domain waveform of a marked peak point; determining a starting point and a terminating point of the time domain waveform section according to the time domain waveform section of the target microseismic signal time domain waveform; generating a linear piecewise fitting curve of the target microseismic signal time domain waveform according to the time domain waveform section and the starting point and the ending point of the time domain waveform section; and analyzing through a preset data processing model according to the linear piecewise fitting curve to obtain a representation form of the microseismic signal time domain waveform, and analyzing the microseismic signal according to the representation form. By analyzing the near-field microseismic signal time domain waveform of the monitored area in the above way, the characteristics of the microseismic signal time domain waveform can be correctly and clearly identified, and the commonality and the difference of various near-field microseismic signal waveforms can be accurately analyzed. . Meanwhile, a piecewise linear unified mathematical expression of the microseismic signal is established by analyzing the number of the wave bands and the fluctuation characteristics of the wave bands, so that the microseismic signal is more accurately and quickly analyzed.
Referring to fig. 9, fig. 9 is a schematic flow chart of a method for analyzing a near-field microseismic signal waveform according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
Based on the first embodiment, the method for analyzing a near-field microseismic signal waveform in this embodiment at step S50 includes:
and step S50', sequentially connecting an initial sampling point in the target microseismic signal time domain waveform, the initial point and the end point of the time domain waveform section, the peak point of the target microseismic signal time domain waveform and an end sampling point in the target microseismic signal time domain waveform according to the second position information of the initial point and the end point and the target microseismic signal time domain waveform, and generating a linear piecewise fitting curve of the target microseismic signal time domain waveform.
It should be noted that the second position information refers to the positions of the starting point and the ending point in the time-domain normalized waveform of the microseismic signal.
It can be understood that the first sampling point D of the time domain normalized waveform is connected in sequence according to the sampling order1Starting point S of each waveform segmentrPeak point PrAnd end point Fr(R1, 2.. times, R), and the last sample point D of the time-domain normalized waveformMAnd generating a linear piecewise fitting curve of the time domain waveform of the near-field target microseismic signal.
Further, before the second position information according to the starting point and the ending point and the target microseismic signal time domain waveform, the method further comprises: determining the position of a sampling point in the first maximum value sampling point sequence in the microseismic signal time domain standardized waveform to obtain first position information of the first maximum value sampling point; and determining the positions of the starting point and the ending point of the time domain waveform section in the microseismic signal time domain standardized waveform according to the first position information to obtain second position information of the starting point and the ending point.
It should be noted that the first position information refers to a position 1# Max corresponding to the time-domain normalized waveform of the first maximum value sampling pointj。
In a specific implementation, the position 1# Max corresponding to the time domain standardized waveform through the first maximum value sampling pointjDetermining the starting point S of each time domain waveform section in the time domain normalized waveformrPeak point PrAnd end point FrPosition of (1) Startr,Peakr,Finalr(r＝1,2,...,R)。
In the embodiment, the initial sampling point in the target microseismic signal time domain waveform, the initial point and the end point of the time domain waveform section, the peak point of the target microseismic signal time domain waveform and the end sampling point in the target microseismic signal time domain waveform are sequentially connected according to the second position information of the initial point and the end point and the target microseismic signal time domain waveform, a linear piecewise fitting curve of the target microseismic signal time domain waveform is generated, and the piecewise linear fitting curve of the microseismic signal is established by performing piecewise analysis on the microseismic signal waveform and the band negative characteristic, so that the microseismic signal is more accurately and quickly analyzed.
In addition, referring to fig. 10, an embodiment of the present invention further provides an apparatus for analyzing a near-field microseismic signal waveform, where the apparatus for analyzing a near-field microseismic signal waveform includes:
the acquisition module 10 is configured to acquire a near-field microseismic signal of a monitored area, and obtain a microseismic signal time domain waveform of the monitored area according to the near-field microseismic signal;
the processing module 20 is configured to perform waveform processing on the microseismic signal time domain waveform to generate a microseismic signal time domain standardized waveform;
an extraction module 30, configured to extract a maximum value of the time-domain normalized waveform of the microseismic signal, and generate a target microseismic signal time-domain waveform labeled with a peak-to-peak point;
a determining module 40, configured to determine a starting point and a terminating point of a time domain waveform section according to the time domain waveform section of the target microseismic signal time domain waveform;
a generating module 50, configured to generate a linear piecewise fitting curve of the time-domain waveform of the target microseismic signal according to the time-domain waveform segment and the start point and the end point of the time-domain waveform segment;
and the analysis module 60 is configured to analyze the linear piecewise fitting curve through a preset data processing model to obtain a representation form of the time-domain waveform of the microseismic signal, and analyze the microseismic signal according to the representation form.
In the embodiment, a micro-seismic signal time domain waveform of a monitored area is obtained according to a near-field micro-seismic signal by obtaining the near-field micro-seismic signal of the monitored area; carrying out waveform processing on the microseismic signal time domain waveform to generate a microseismic signal time domain standardized waveform; extracting the maximum value of the microseismic signal time domain standardized waveform to generate a target microseismic signal time domain waveform of a marked peak point; determining a starting point and a terminating point of the time domain waveform section according to the time domain waveform section of the target microseismic signal time domain waveform; generating a linear piecewise fitting curve of the target microseismic signal time domain waveform according to the time domain waveform section and the starting point and the ending point of the time domain waveform section; and analyzing through a preset data processing model according to the linear piecewise fitting curve to obtain a representation form of the microseismic signal time domain waveform, and analyzing the microseismic signal according to the representation form. By analyzing the near-field microseismic signal time domain waveform of the monitored area in the above way, the characteristics of the microseismic signal time domain waveform can be correctly and clearly identified, and the commonality and the difference of various near-field microseismic signal waveforms can be accurately analyzed. Meanwhile, a piecewise linear unified mathematical expression of the microseismic signal is established by analyzing the number of the wave bands and the fluctuation characteristics of the wave bands, so that the microseismic signal is more accurately and quickly analyzed.
In an embodiment, the processing module 20 is further configured to perform a positive processing on an absolute value of an amplitude value corresponding to a sampling point in the time-domain waveform of the microseismic signal to obtain a positive sampling point;
acquiring a maximum amplitude value in the positive amplitude values, and dividing the amplitude value corresponding to the positive sampling point by the maximum amplitude for normalization processing to obtain a normalized sampling point;
and acquiring sampling points of which the corresponding amplitude values are smaller than a first preset value from the normalized sampling points, and adjusting the amplitude values corresponding to the sampling points to be preset amplitude values so as to generate a microseismic signal time domain standardized waveform.
In an embodiment, the extracting module 30 is further configured to extract maxima in the time-domain normalized waveform of the microseismic signal, and generate a first maximum sampling point sequence;
extracting a maximum value in the first maximum value sampling sequence, and generating a second maximum value sampling point sequence according to data in the first maximum value sampling point sequence;
correcting the amplitude value in the second maximum sampling point sequence to generate a corrected first maximum sampling point sequence;
and carrying out sequence analysis on the corrected first maximum sampling point sequence to generate a target microseismic signal time domain waveform for marking a peak and peak point.
In an embodiment, the extracting module 30 is further configured to extract sampling points, of the modified first maximum value sampling point sequence, of which the amplitude values are smaller than a second preset value, to obtain target sampling points;
marking the position and the number of the target sampling point in the modified first maximum value sampling point sequence;
when sampling points with amplitude values exceeding a third preset value exist between two continuous target sampling points, extracting the maximum amplitude value of the current section;
and marking the sampling point corresponding to the maximum amplitude value as a peak point of the current section, and generating a target microseismic signal time domain waveform marking the peak point.
In an embodiment, the determining module 40 is further configured to determine, according to the position and number of peak points of the peaks of the time domain waveform of the target microseismic signal, a segment position of the time domain waveform of the target microseismic signal and the number of segments of the time domain waveform segment;
and determining the time domain waveform section of the target microseismic signal time domain waveform according to the section position of the time domain waveform of the target microseismic signal time domain waveform and the section number of the time domain waveform section.
In an embodiment, the generating module 50 is further configured to sequentially connect the start sampling point in the target microseismic signal time domain waveform, the start point and the end point of the time domain waveform section, the peak point of the target microseismic signal time domain waveform and the end sampling point in the target microseismic signal time domain waveform according to the second position information of the start point and the end point and the target microseismic signal time domain waveform, so as to generate a linear piecewise fitting curve of the target microseismic signal time domain waveform.
In an embodiment, the generating module 50 is further configured to determine positions of sampling points in the first maximum sampling point sequence in the microseismic signal time domain normalized waveform, so as to obtain first position information of the first maximum sampling point;
and determining the positions of the starting point and the ending point of the time domain waveform section in the microseismic signal time domain standardized waveform according to the first position information to obtain second position information of the starting point and the ending point.
In addition, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a storage medium, where an analysis program of a near-field microseismic signal waveform is stored on the storage medium, and when the analysis program of the near-field microseismic signal waveform is executed by a processor, the steps of the analysis method of the near-field microseismic signal waveform as described above are implemented.
Since the storage medium adopts all technical solutions of all the embodiments, at least all the beneficial effects brought by the technical solutions of the embodiments are achieved, and no further description is given here.
It should be noted that the above-described work flows are only exemplary, and do not limit the scope of the present invention, and in practical applications, a person skilled in the art may select some or all of them to achieve the purpose of the solution of the embodiment according to actual needs, and the present invention is not limited herein.
In addition, the technical details not described in detail in this embodiment may refer to the analysis method of the near-field microseismic signal waveform provided by any embodiment of the present invention, and are not described herein again.
Further, it is to be noted that, in this document, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or system that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or system. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising an … …" does not exclude the presence of other like elements in a process, method, article, or system that comprises the element.
The above-mentioned serial numbers of the embodiments of the present invention are merely for description and do not represent the merits of the embodiments.
Through the above description of the embodiments, those skilled in the art will clearly understand that the method of the above embodiments can be implemented by software plus a necessary general hardware platform, and certainly can also be implemented by hardware, but in many cases, the former is a better implementation manner. Based on such understanding, the technical solution of the present invention or a part contributing to the prior art may be embodied in the form of a software product, where the computer software product is stored in a storage medium (e.g. Read Only Memory (ROM)/RAM, magnetic disk, optical disk), and includes several instructions for enabling a terminal device (which may be a mobile phone, a computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) to execute the method according to the embodiments of the present invention.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and all modifications of equivalent structures and equivalent processes, which are made by using the contents of the present specification and the accompanying drawings, or directly or indirectly applied to other related technical fields, are included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. A method for analyzing a near-field microseismic signal waveform, comprising the steps of:
acquiring a near-field microseismic signal of a monitored area, and acquiring a microseismic signal time domain waveform of the monitored area according to the near-field microseismic signal;
carrying out waveform processing on the microseismic signal time domain waveform to generate a microseismic signal time domain standardized waveform;
extracting the maximum value of the microseismic signal time domain standardized waveform to generate a target microseismic signal time domain waveform of a marked peak point;
determining a starting point and a terminating point of the time domain waveform section according to the time domain waveform section of the target microseismic signal time domain waveform;
generating a linear piecewise fitting curve of the target microseismic signal time domain waveform according to the time domain waveform section and the starting point and the ending point of the time domain waveform section;
analyzing through a preset data processing model according to the linear piecewise fitting curve to obtain a representation form of the microseismic signal time domain waveform, and analyzing the microseismic signal according to the representation form;
the processing of the waveform of the microseismic signal time domain waveform to generate the microseismic signal time domain standardized waveform comprises the following steps:
carrying out positive processing on an absolute value of an amplitude value corresponding to a sampling point in the microseismic signal time domain waveform to obtain a positive sampling point;
acquiring a maximum amplitude value in the positive amplitude values, and dividing the amplitude value corresponding to the positive sampling point by the maximum amplitude for normalization processing to obtain a normalized sampling point;
and acquiring sampling points of which the corresponding amplitude values are smaller than a first preset value from the normalized sampling points, and adjusting the amplitude values corresponding to the sampling points to be preset amplitude values so as to generate a microseismic signal time domain standardized waveform.
2. The method of analyzing a near field microseismic signal waveform of claim 1 wherein the extracting maxima of the time domain normalized waveform of the microseismic signal to generate a target microseismic signal time domain waveform that marks peak-to-peak points comprises:
extracting a maximum value in the microseismic signal time domain standardized waveform to generate a first maximum value sampling point sequence;
extracting a maximum value in the first maximum value sampling sequence, and generating a second maximum value sampling point sequence according to data in the first maximum value sampling point sequence;
correcting the amplitude value in the second maximum sampling point sequence to generate a corrected first maximum sampling point sequence;
and carrying out sequence analysis on the corrected first maximum sampling point sequence to generate a target microseismic signal time domain waveform for marking a peak and peak point.
3. The method of analyzing a near field microseismic signal waveform of claim 2 wherein the step of performing a sequence analysis of the modified sequence of first maximum sample points to generate a time domain waveform of the target microseismic signal that marks the peak-to-peak points comprises:
extracting sampling points of which the amplitude values are smaller than a second preset value in the corrected first maximum value sampling point sequence to obtain target sampling points;
marking the position and the number of the target sampling point in the modified first maximum value sampling point sequence;
when sampling points with amplitude values exceeding a third preset value exist between two continuous target sampling points, extracting the maximum amplitude value of the current section;
and marking the sampling point corresponding to the maximum amplitude value as a peak point of the current section, and generating a target microseismic signal time domain waveform marking the peak point.
4. The method of analyzing a near-field microseismic signal waveform of claim 1 wherein the determining a start point and an end point of the time domain waveform segment from the time domain waveform segment of the target microseismic signal time domain waveform further comprises:
determining the section position of the time domain waveform of the target microseismic signal time domain waveform and the section number of the time domain waveform section according to the peak point position and the number of the peaks of the target microseismic signal time domain waveform;
and determining the time domain waveform section of the target microseismic signal time domain waveform according to the section position of the time domain waveform of the target microseismic signal time domain waveform and the section number of the time domain waveform section.
5. The method of analyzing a near-field microseismic signal waveform of claim 2 wherein the generating a linear piecewise fit curve of the target microseismic signal time domain waveform from the time domain waveform segment and the start and end points of the time domain waveform segment comprises:
and sequentially connecting an initial sampling point in the target microseismic signal time domain waveform, the initial point and the end point of the time domain waveform section, the peak point of the target microseismic signal time domain waveform and the end sampling point in the target microseismic signal time domain waveform according to the second position information of the initial point and the end point and the target microseismic signal time domain waveform, and generating a linear piecewise fitting curve of the target microseismic signal time domain waveform.
6. The method of analyzing a near-field microseismic signal waveform of claim 5 wherein the second location information based on the start point and end point and the target microseismic signal time domain waveform further comprises:
determining the position of a sampling point in the first maximum value sampling point sequence in the microseismic signal time domain standardized waveform to obtain first position information of the first maximum value sampling point;
and determining the positions of the starting point and the ending point of the time domain waveform section in the microseismic signal time domain standardized waveform according to the first position information to obtain second position information of the starting point and the ending point.
7. An apparatus for analyzing a near-field microseismic signal waveform, the apparatus comprising:
the acquisition module is used for acquiring a near-field microseismic signal of a monitored area and acquiring a microseismic signal time domain waveform of the monitored area according to the near-field microseismic signal;
the processing module is used for carrying out waveform processing on the microseismic signal time domain waveform to generate a microseismic signal time domain standardized waveform;
the extraction module is used for extracting the maximum value of the microseismic signal time domain standardized waveform and generating a target microseismic signal time domain waveform marked with a peak point;
the determining module is used for determining a starting point and a terminating point of the time domain waveform section according to the time domain waveform section of the target microseismic signal time domain waveform;
the generation module is used for generating a linear piecewise fitting curve of the target microseismic signal time domain waveform according to the time domain waveform section and the starting point and the ending point of the time domain waveform section;
the analysis module is used for analyzing the linear piecewise fitting curve through a preset data processing model to obtain a representation form of the microseismic signal time domain waveform and analyzing the microseismic signal according to the representation form;
the processing module is further used for conducting positive processing on the absolute value of the amplitude value corresponding to the sampling point in the microseismic signal time domain waveform to obtain a positive sampling point;
acquiring a maximum amplitude value in the positive amplitude values, and dividing the amplitude value corresponding to the positive sampling point by the maximum amplitude for normalization processing to obtain a normalized sampling point;
and acquiring sampling points of which the corresponding amplitude values are smaller than a first preset value from the normalized sampling points, and adjusting the amplitude values corresponding to the sampling points to be preset amplitude values so as to generate a microseismic signal time domain standardized waveform.
8. Apparatus for analyzing a near-field microseismic signal waveform, the apparatus comprising: a memory, a processor and a program for analysis of near field microseismic signal waveforms stored on the memory and executable on the processor, the program for analysis of near field microseismic signal waveforms configured to implement the steps of the method for analysis of near field microseismic signal waveforms of any of claims 1 to 6.
9. A storage medium having stored thereon a program for analyzing a near-field microseismic signal waveform, wherein the method for analyzing a near-field microseismic signal waveform when executed by a processor implements the steps of the method for analyzing a near-field microseismic signal waveform of any one of claims 1 to 6.
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