CN113049450A - Pore medium slurry penetration diffusion test system and design operation method - Google Patents
Pore medium slurry penetration diffusion test system and design operation method Download PDFInfo
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- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 100
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 59
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 41
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 11
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 10
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 107
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
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- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 7
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- 239000011440 grout Substances 0.000 claims description 12
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- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
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- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
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- 230000003204 osmotic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005325 percolation Methods 0.000 claims description 4
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N13/00—Investigating surface or boundary effects, e.g. wetting power; Investigating diffusion effects; Analysing materials by determining surface, boundary, or diffusion effects
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N13/00—Investigating surface or boundary effects, e.g. wetting power; Investigating diffusion effects; Analysing materials by determining surface, boundary, or diffusion effects
- G01N13/04—Investigating osmotic effects
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N13/00—Investigating surface or boundary effects, e.g. wetting power; Investigating diffusion effects; Analysing materials by determining surface, boundary, or diffusion effects
- G01N2013/003—Diffusion; diffusivity between liquids
Abstract
The invention provides a pore medium slurry penetration diffusion test system and a design operation method, and relates to the technical field of geotechnical engineering grouting waterproof reinforcement experiments. The test system consists of a model rack, a slurry storage device, a pressurizing device and a measuring instrument, can develop a multi-factor test considering the soil type, the particle grading, the porosity, the slurry proportion, the grouting pressure and the grouting time, and is used for researching the diffusion rule of slurry in a pore medium. The first section of grouting pipe is provided with a transition bin with the height of 1.0-2.0 cm. The length of the single section of grouting pipe is 20.0-40.0 cm, and the wall thickness is 1.0-3.0 cm. The inner diameter of the grouting pipe takes the principle that plane particles at least meet one complete gradation, and the equivalent diameter of the grouting pipe is calculated as the optimal value. The total length of the spliced grouting pipes is 180-240 cm. The operation process comprises material preparation, model filling, component connection, pressure water testing, slurry configuration, grouting implementation, data measurement and stop grouting disassembly.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of geotechnical and underground engineering grouting waterproof reinforcement experiments, in particular to a pore medium slurry penetration diffusion test system and a design operation method.
Background
The grouting technology is that the proper slurry material meeting the engineering requirement is directly or indirectly pressed into the rock-soil mass through a pressure device to change the composition, structure and stress of the rock-soil mass, and after the slurry is solidified, a complex is formed, the physical and mechanical properties of the complex are improved, and the engineering purposes of water prevention, reinforcement or deviation correction are achieved. The method is widely applied to slope engineering, foundation engineering, dam engineering and underground engineering, has three engineering functions of water prevention, reinforcement and deviation correction, specifically comprises seepage resistance, leakage stoppage, outburst prevention, reinforcement, long-term preservation, displacement, jacking, forming, flow driving, friction reduction, corrosion prevention, gas isolation, fire extinguishing and the like, and belongs to a typical 'water control reinforcement type' non-excavation in-situ reinforcement technology. Different grouting forms can be selected for different grouting objects and grouting purposes, such as bottom sealing grouting, filling grouting, permeation grouting, compaction grouting, split grouting, punching shear grouting, jet grouting, stirring grouting, composite grouting and the like. For pore media, such as gravel, pebble, sandy soil, silty sandy soil, etc., infiltration grouting is a commonly used form of grouting on the premise that the slurry satisfies the grouting property and fluidity. Then, the grouting mechanism problems such as influencing factors, diffusion distance (or effective diffusion distance), grouting amount, pore pressure, seepage characteristics, percolation effect (particle-type slurry), filling effect, microscopic action and the mutual relationship among the influencing factors, the diffusion distance, the effective diffusion distance, the grouting amount, the pore pressure, the seepage characteristics, the percolation effect (particle-type slurry), the filling effect, the microscopic action and the like in the slurry permeation process are the basis of engineering design and construction, and the problems can be solved scientifically and reasonably only through model tests. Therefore, it is necessary to invent a "pore medium slurry penetration diffusion test system" and explain the design operation method thereof.
Disclosure of Invention
Embodiments of the present invention provide a "pore media slurry infiltration diffusion test system and design method of operation" to overcome the problems of the prior art.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a pore media slurry osmotic diffusion test system and method of design operation comprising:
the test system mainly comprises 4 parts, including a model rack, a slurry storage device, a pressurizing device and a measuring instrument. Wherein, (1) the model rack comprises a grouting pipe and a model rack. The grouting pipe comprises a plurality of sections of organic glass pipes, flanges, a cover plate, a pressing plate, 4 counter-pull rods and the like, the model frame comprises a base and 4 tie rods, the grouting pipe is located on the base of the model frame, and each tie rod is connected with each counter-pull rod. (2) The slurry storage device consists of a slurry storage tank and a built-in stirring rod. The slurry storage tank is made of organic glass, a slurry pouring port, a gas injection port and a controller are arranged on the top cover, a slurry outlet is arranged on the lower portion of the slurry storage tank, the top cover and the bottom plate of the slurry storage tank are connected through 8 symmetrical pull rods, and the slurry storage device is located on the base and the electronic scale. (3) The pressurizing equipment consists of an air compressor and a pressure regulating valve, and the pressure range is selected according to the test requirement. (4) The measuring instrument comprises an electronic scale, a pressure gauge, a pore pressure meter, a measuring cylinder, a measuring cup, a stopwatch, a collecting instrument, a computer, a camera and the like. FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the components of a test system.
Particularly, the slip casting pipe is formed by connecting a plurality of sections of organic glass round pipes through flanges, the top and the bottom of the slip casting pipe are respectively provided with a cover plate, a grout inlet and a grout outlet are respectively arranged, and a silica gel waterproof ring is arranged at the flange joint. The top and the bottom are respectively provided with a pressure plate and connected through 4 pairs of pull rods. A steel wire filter screen is arranged on the inner side of the upper cover plate. The first section of grouting pipe is provided with a transition bin, and the height of the transition bin is 1.0-2.0 cm.
In particular, the grouting pipe is placed on a mold frame base provided with 4 tie bars, and the overall stability of the grouting pipe is ensured by connecting with a tie bar.
Particularly, a slurry pouring port, a gas injection port and a stirring rod controller are respectively arranged on a top cover of the slurry storage tank, and a circle of flexible waterproof strip is arranged at the central circle of the contact surface of the top cover and the slurry storage tank. A slurry outlet is arranged below the slurry storage tank, the top cover is connected with the bottom plate through 8 counter-pull rods, and a stirring rod is arranged in the slurry storage tank.
Particularly, a lead of the pore pressure gauge is led out from a flange plate, a semi-cylindrical small groove is carved on the flange plate, a bolt hole is avoided at the carving position, and the lead is filled with transparent elastic glue after being placed.
Particularly, the inner diameter of the grouting pipe takes the principle that plane particles at least meet one complete gradation, the equivalent diameter of the plane particles meeting one complete gradation is calculated, the equivalent diameter is taken as the optimal value of the inner diameter of the grouting pipe, the method is called as a plane particle gradation equivalent diameter method, the phenomenon is called as a dimension effect, and the influence of the relative size of the tested soil sample particles on the authenticity or representativeness of the test result is realized.
In particular, the operation of the test system includes material preparation, mold filling, assembly attachment, water testing under pressure, slurry placement, grouting implementation, data measurement, and shut-down disassembly.
According to the technical scheme provided by the embodiment of the invention, the slurry penetration diffusion test system provided by the embodiment of the invention can be used for researching the penetration diffusion rule of different slurries in different pore media under different grouting pressures and developing a multi-factor multi-level test considering the soil type, the particle size distribution, the porosity, the slurry ratio, the grouting pressure, the grouting time and the like. The osmotic diffusion rule includes influencing factors, diffusion distance (or effective diffusion distance), grouting amount, pore pressure, seepage characteristics, percolation effect (particle-type slurry), filling effect, microscopic effect and the like, that is, the change of different objects along with time, space or space-time and the mutual relation among the different objects are researched.
The test system can realize the permeation diffusion rule of different research objects under the influence of multiple factors, and has the following characteristics:
(1) the selectable range of grouting materials is wide. The slurry storage tank is provided with a built-in stirring rod, can effectively prevent the granular slurry from being segregated due to poor stability, and can fully mix double or multiple liquids, thereby ensuring the grouting effect. Therefore, the test system is not only suitable for chemical pulp, but also can be used for particle type pulp.
(2) The slurry material can be added at any time. And a grout pouring port and a gas injection port are simultaneously arranged on the top cover of the grout storage tank, when the grout amount is insufficient, gas injection is temporarily stopped, the mixed grout is quickly poured into the grout storage tank, and then grouting is continued.
(3) The test process can be measured in real time. In the test process, the grouting pressure, the slurry flow, the slurry pressure, the diffusion distance, the grouting time, the pore pressure and the seepage flow can be measured and recorded in real time.
(4) The grouting pipeline can be spliced and disassembled. The grouting pipe is formed by connecting a plurality of organic glass pipes through flange plates, and after the test is finished, the grouting pipe can be disassembled section by section and recycled when the strength of a cementing body is low.
(5) The engineering field can be assembled quickly. The test system is small in size, light in weight, detachable, easy to obtain or process, convenient to transport in a long distance and capable of being assembled and tested on an engineering site.
In conclusion, the test system has the characteristics of multifunction, visualization and easy movement.
Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments are briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a testing system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a grouting pipe according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic longitudinal cross-sectional view of a grouting pipe according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic longitudinal cross-sectional view of a grouting pipe including a transition bin according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic plan view of an end cover plate of a grouting pipe according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a schematic view of a silica gel waterproof ring according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic plan view of an upper platen and a lower platen of a grouting pipe according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 8 is a schematic plan view of a steel wire screen according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a slurry storage tank according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 10 is a schematic plan view of a top cover of a slurry storage tank according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 11 is a schematic view of a "semi-cylindrical" cell according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 12 is a schematic view of a transition bin of a first section grouting pipe according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 13 is a schematic illustration of a distribution of particles of different sizes according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 14 is a flowchart illustrating operation of a testing system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
Detailed Description
For the convenience of understanding the embodiments of the present invention, the following description will be further explained by taking several specific embodiments as examples in conjunction with the drawings, and the embodiments are not to be construed as limiting the embodiments of the present invention.
The test system supplies pressure through an air compressor, regulates the pressure through a pressure regulating valve, firstly transmits the air pressure to apply the slurry in the slurry storage tank, then the slurry flows to a pore medium in the grouting pipe under the action of the pressure and permeates the pore medium, and finally the slurry flows out from the slurry outlet. In the process, parameter changes such as diffusion distance, grouting amount, pore pressure and seepage amount under different test working conditions are obtained through a measuring instrument, and then the permeation diffusion rule of the pore medium slurry is summarized and analyzed through tests and data comparison analysis under various working conditions, such as the relation between the diffusion distance and the influencing factors, the sensitivity of the influencing factors, the changes of the pore pressure and the seepage amount, the changes of the slurry consistency, the filling effect (judgment indexes such as seepage coefficient, compressive strength, shear strength and deformation modulus) and the like.
The connection method of the slurry penetration diffusion test system provided by the embodiment of the invention comprises the following steps:
(1) the slip casting pipe is formed by connecting a plurality of sections of organic glass round pipes through flanges, the top and the bottom of the slip casting pipe are respectively provided with a cover plate, a slurry inlet and a slurry outlet are respectively arranged, and a silica gel waterproof ring is arranged at the flange joint. In order to ensure the integrity and the verticality of the grouting pipe, pressing plates are respectively arranged at the top and the bottom and are connected through 4 counter pull rods. In order to prevent the pore medium material from being carried and flowing out by the slurry, a steel wire filter screen is arranged on the inner side of the upper cover plate, and the aperture of the filter screen is 2-3 times of the maximum particle size of particles in the slurry material and is smaller than the minimum particle size of the pore medium particles. Fig. 2 to 8 are schematic views of a grouting pipe assembly.
(2) The slip casting pipe is placed on the model frame base that is equipped with 4 tie rods, and the height of tie rod equals the half of slip casting pipe height, guarantees the overall stability of slip casting pipe through being connected with the counter-pull rod. Wherein, the connection of the tie bar and the base is welding or mechanical connection, and the tie bar and the counter-pull bar are connected by iron wires or other mechanical connection.
(3) The slurry storage tank is a cylinder made of organic glass, a slurry pouring port, a gas injection port and a stirring rod controller are respectively arranged on the top cover, and a circle of flexible waterproof strip is arranged at the central circle of the contact surface of the top cover and the slurry storage tank so as to ensure the sealing property. Fig. 9 and 10 are schematic views of a cross section and a top cover construction of a slurry storage tank, respectively. The lower part is provided with a grout outlet, and the top cover is connected with the bottom plate through 8 counter-pull rods so as to ensure that the grout storage tank is airtight and safe. The slurry storage tank is internally provided with a stirring rod, can realize in-tank stirring, is suitable for grouting of granular slurry with poor stability to prevent the granular slurry from being isolated, and is suitable for double-liquid or multi-liquid composite grouting. The slurry storage tank and the base are placed on the electronic scale together, and the mass or volume change of the slurry storage tank is recorded in real time in the test process.
(4) The slurry storage tank and the grouting pipe are connected through a liquid conveying pipe, and the end head adopts a loose joint plug. The infusion tube is respectively provided with a valve and a pressure gauge. In order to prevent the slurry from flowing back and facilitate timely unpicking and washing, the valve contains a check valve plate, and the placement position of the valve is closer to the slurry inlet.
(5) The air compressor and the slurry storage tank are connected through a gas pipe, and the end head adopts a loose joint plug. The air delivery pipe is provided with a pressure regulating valve for controlling grouting pressure.
(6) The slurry outlet is provided with a perfusion tube, and the perfusion tube is provided with a pressure gauge and a valve.
(7) The pore pressure meter is connected with the acquisition instrument through a lead, the acquisition instrument is connected with a computer, and data are acquired and stored through data acquisition software. The lead of the pore pressure gauge is led out from the flange plate, a semi-cylindrical small groove is carved on the flange plate, the radius of the small groove is smaller than the thickness of the flange plate and larger than the diameter of the lead, the bolt hole is avoided at the carving position, and the lead is filled with transparent elastic glue after being placed. Figure 11 is a schematic view of a "semi-cylindrical" cell.
The design method of the slurry penetration diffusion test system provided by the embodiment of the invention comprises the following steps:
the specification or the range of modules such as model frame, slurry storage tank, air compressor machine, air-vent valve, manometer among this test system all carry out the preparation of normality or select in a flexible way according to actual need, if: (1) the diameters of the flange plate connecting bolt, the counter pull rod and the tie rod are 6-8 mm, and the thicknesses of the cover plate and the pressing plate are 8-10 mm. (2) The volume of the slurry storage tank is 3-5 times of the volume of the medium pores in the grouting pipe. The size of the grouting pipe is important in a test system and needs to be calculated based on certain principles, because the size of the grouting pipe directly influences the test workload and the reliability of the test result. Therefore, the following description focuses on the method for designing the grout pipe.
(1) Form of grouting pipe
The grouting pipe is an organic glass transparent round pipe, and the other five sections of grouting pipes are identical except that the first section of grouting pipe is provided with a transition bin. Fig. 12 is a schematic view of a transition bin of a first section grouting pipe.
The transition bin is arranged to prevent pore media from flowing into and blocking the slurry inlet, and simultaneously enable slurry to be dispersed relatively uniformly. The material placed in the transition bin has larger grain diameter and porosity than the test material, and is at least larger than the diameter of the slurry inlet. The height of the transition bin is 1.0-2.0 cm, and too large of the transition bin causes excessive loss of slurry pressure.
Size of grouting pipe
The size of the grouting pipe comprises length, wall thickness and inner diameter, the total length is 180-240 cm (except the height of the transition bin) after splicing, the length of a single section is determined according to the real representativeness of test results and the convenience for material filling, and the value range is 20.0-40.0 cm (the integral multiple of 5.0 is selected), such as: after splicing, the total length is 180cm, the length of a single section is 30.0cm, 6 sections are needed for splicing, and the wall thickness is determined according to the grouting pressure and ranges from 1.0 cm to 3.0 cm.
The inner diameter of the grouting pipe is determined according to the grain size and the grain size of the pore medium. For a certain time, if the inner diameter is too large, the amount of materials and workload are increased, and meanwhile, uneven diffusion is caused, and the reliability of test results is affected. Too small an inner diameter is not representative and results in distorted test results and large variations from practice. Therefore, it is necessary to find an index and a method for determining the optimum inner diameter of the grouting pipe.
Fig. 13 shows the behavior of different particle size particles in the same diameter circle. It can be seen that the smaller the particle size, the larger the number of particles contained, the more uniform and representative the distribution, and the larger the particle size, the smaller the number of particles contained, the more non-uniform and less representative the distribution. This "representational" is represented by the consistency between the "planar particle composition" and the "actual particle composition", so the inner diameter of the grouting pipe is affected by the particle composition, and is generally roughly taken as "1/10" where the maximum particle size or d95 is smaller than the inner diameter ". A method for accurately calculating the inner diameter of a grouting pipe is provided, which takes the principle that plane particles at least meet a complete gradation as a principle, calculates the equivalent diameter of the plane particles meeting the complete gradation, takes the equivalent diameter as the optimal value of the inner diameter of the grouting pipe, and refers to the method as a plane particle gradation equivalent diameter method, and the phenomenon as a dimension effect, namely the influence of the relative size of test soil sample particles on the authenticity or representativeness of a test result.
To ensure "planar grain composition"at least one complete gradation is satisfied, and analysis is now performed by taking" one maximum size particle "as an example. Assuming that the soil particles are spherical, the mass ratio is shown in Table 1, and the maximum particle size of each particle size range is calculated, namely dmax、d3、d2、d1。
TABLE 1 mass ratio of soil particles
Then one dmaxThe mass of the particle size particles is as follows:
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
means particle diameter of dmaxThe mass of the particles of (a), unit: kg;
ρdrefers to the dry density of the particles, in units: g/cm 3;
then satisfy a dmaxThe total mass of other particle size particles in the mass ratio of the particle size particles is as follows:
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
means particle diameter of d3Total mass of particles (c), unit: kg;
then one d can be obtainedmaxThe number of other particle size particles requiring gradation, namely:
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
means particle diameter of d3The total number of particles of (a);
at this time, the total particle area can be calculated according to the number of particles with each particle size, and then the equivalent diameter can be calculated by considering the porosity, namely:
in the formula (d)eMeans equivalent diameter, unit: mm;
n0the porosity of the pore medium;
the optimal inner diameter of the grouting pipe is equal to the equivalent diameter, and an integral value is taken for manufacturing convenience. The above calculation is based on "satisfy a particle size distribution" and "select a particle with a maximum particle size" ofIf two maximum size particles are selected, the result is multiplied by
If three particles with the largest particle size are selected, the result is multiplied by
And so on. Thus, de、
2de… … are the optimum values of the inner diameter of the grouting pipe, but the minimum value d is recommendede. Then, for any other grain composition material, the determination of the optimum inner diameter of the grouting pipe can be performed by referring to the calculation method.
The operation method of the slurry penetration diffusion test system provided by the embodiment of the invention comprises the following steps:
the operation process of the test system comprises material preparation, model filling, component connection, pressure water testing, slurry configuration, grouting implementation, data measurement and stop grouting disassembly. FIG. 14 is a flow chart of the operation of the test system.
The invention has been described in an illustrative manner, and it is to be understood that the invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described above, but is intended to cover various modifications, which may be made by the methods and technical solutions of the invention, or may be applied to other applications without modification.
Claims (10)
1. A pore medium slurry penetration diffusion test system and a design operation method are characterized in that: the test system mainly comprises a model rack, a slurry storage device, a pressurizing device and a measuring instrument 4, can carry out a multi-factor multi-level test considering soil type, particle grading, porosity, slurry proportion, grouting pressure and grouting time, is used for researching the permeation and diffusion rule of slurry in a pore medium, a first section of grouting pipe is provided with a transition bin, the height is 1.0-2.0 cm, the length of a single section of grouting pipe is 20.0-40.0 cm, the wall thickness is 1.0-3.0 cm, the inner diameter of the grouting pipe takes plane particles at least meeting one complete grading as a principle, the equivalent diameter of the grouting pipe is calculated as the optimal value of the inner diameter of the grouting pipe, the total length of the grouting pipe after splicing is 180-240 cm, and the operation process comprises material preparation, model filling, component connection, pressure water testing, slurry configuration, grouting implementation, data measurement and grouting disassembly stopping.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein:
(1) the model rack consists of a grouting pipe and a model frame, the grouting pipe consists of a plurality of sections of organic glass pipes, a flange, a cover plate, a pressing plate and 4 counter-pull rods, the model frame consists of a base and 4 tie rods, the grouting pipe is located on the base of the model frame, and each tie rod and each counter-pull rod are connected with each other;
(2) the slurry storage device consists of a slurry storage tank and a built-in stirring rod, the slurry storage tank is made of organic glass, a slurry pouring port, a gas injection port and a controller are arranged on a top cover, a slurry outlet is arranged at the lower part of the top cover, the top cover is connected with the bottom plate of the slurry storage tank through 8 counter-pull rods, and the slurry storage device is located on a base and an electronic scale;
(3) the pressurizing equipment consists of an air compressor and a pressure regulating valve, and the pressure range can be selected according to the test requirement;
(4) the measuring instrument comprises an electronic scale, a pressure gauge, a pore pressure meter, a measuring cylinder, a measuring cup, a stopwatch, a collecting instrument, a computer and a camera.
3. The method as claimed in claim 2, wherein the grouting pipe is formed by connecting a plurality of organic glass round pipes through flanges, the top and bottom of the grouting pipe are provided with cover plates respectively provided with a grout inlet and a grout outlet, the flange joint is provided with a silica gel waterproof ring, the top and bottom of the grouting pipe are respectively provided with a pressing plate and connected through 4 counter-pull rods, a steel wire filter screen is arranged on the inner side of the upper cover plate, the first grouting pipe is provided with a transition bin, and the height of the transition bin is 1.0-2.0 cm.
4. The method according to claim 2, wherein the grouting pipe is placed on a mold frame base provided with 4 tie bars, and the overall stability of the grouting pipe is ensured by connecting with a tie bar.
5. The method as claimed in claim 2, wherein the slurry storage tank is provided with a slurry pouring port, a gas injection port and a stirring rod controller on the top cover, a circle of flexible waterproof strip is arranged at the central circle of the contact surface of the top cover and the slurry storage tank, a slurry outlet is arranged below the top cover, the top cover and the bottom plate are connected through 8 counter-pull rods, and the stirring rod is arranged in the slurry storage tank.
6. The method of claim 2, wherein the cell pressure gauge lead wires are led out from a flange plate, small "semi-cylindrical" grooves are carved on the flange plate at positions avoiding the bolt holes, and the lead wires are filled with transparent elastic glue after being placed.
7. The method of claim 1, wherein the total length of the spliced grouting pipes is 180-240 cm (except the height of the transition bin), the length of each section can be determined according to the real representativeness of test results and the convenience of material filling, the range of the length of each section is 20.0-40.0 cm (integral multiple of 5.0 is selected), the wall thickness can be determined according to the grouting pressure, and the range of the wall thickness is 1.0-3.0 cm.
8. The method according to claim 1, wherein the equivalent diameter of the plane particles meeting a complete gradation is calculated on the basis that the plane particles meet at least a complete gradation, the equivalent diameter is taken as the optimal value of the inner diameter of the grouting pipe, the method is called as a plane particle gradation equivalent diameter method, the phenomenon is called as a dimension effect, namely the influence of the relative size of the tested soil sample particles on the authenticity or representativeness of the test result is calculated as follows:
assuming that the soil particles are spherical, the mass ratio is shown in Table 1, and the maximum particle size of each particle size range is calculated, namely dmax、d3、d2、d1。
TABLE 1 mass ratio of soil particles
Then one dmaxThe mass of the particle size particles is as follows:
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
means particle diameter of dmaxThe mass of the particles of (a), unit: kg;
ρdrefers to the dry density of the particles, in units: g/cm3；
Then satisfy a dmaxThe total mass of other particle size particles in the mass ratio of the particle size particles is as follows:
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
means particle diameter of d3Total mass of particles (c), unit: kg;
then one d can be obtainedmaxThe number of other particle size particles requiring gradation, namely:
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
means particle diameter of d3The total number of particles of (a);
at this time, the total particle area can be calculated according to the number of particles with each particle size, and then the equivalent diameter can be calculated by considering the porosity, namely:
in the formula (d)eMeans equivalent diameter, unit: mm;
n0the porosity of the pore medium;
the optimal inner diameter of the grouting pipe is equal to the equivalent diameter, for the convenience of manufacture, an integer value is taken, the calculation is based on that 'one particle size composition is satisfied' and 'one maximum particle size is selected', if two maximum particle sizes are selected, the result is multiplied by
If three particles with the largest particle size are selected, the result is multiplied by
And so on, thus de、
2de… … are the optimum values of the inner diameter of the grouting pipe, but the minimum value d is recommendedeThen, for any other grain composition material, the determination of the optimum inner diameter of the grouting pipe can be performed by referring to the calculation method.
9. The method of claim 1, wherein the test system is operated by a process including material preparation, mold filling, assembly joining, pressure testing, slurry placement, grouting implementation, data measurement, and shut-down disassembly.
10. The method of claim 1, wherein the testing system is used to study the osmotic diffusion law of different slurries in different pore media under different grouting pressures, and develop a multi-factor multi-level test considering soil type, particle size distribution, porosity, slurry ratio, grouting pressure, and grouting time, wherein the osmotic diffusion law includes influence factors, diffusion distance (or effective diffusion distance), grouting amount, pore pressure, seepage characteristics, percolation effect (particle type slurry), filling effect, and microscopic effect, i.e. the change of different objects with time, space, or space-time, and the interrelation among them.
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