CN113049253B - Nozzle simulation device and fuel system experiment platform - Google Patents
Nozzle simulation device and fuel system experiment platform Download PDFInfo
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- CN113049253B CN113049253B CN201911256640.8A CN201911256640A CN113049253B CN 113049253 B CN113049253 B CN 113049253B CN 201911256640 A CN201911256640 A CN 201911256640A CN 113049253 B CN113049253 B CN 113049253B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M15/00—Testing of engines
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M13/00—Testing of machine parts
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Abstract
The present disclosure relates to a nozzle simulator, a fuel flow path provided between a fuel supply port and a fuel outlet, comprising: the opening of the first analog valve is adjustably connected between the oil supply port and the oil outlet; the opening of the second analog valve is adjustably connected between the first analog valve and the oil outlet; a measurement unit for measuring the flow rate and pressure of the fuel flow path; and a controller, which is signally connected to the first analog valve, the second analog valve, and the measurement unit, and is capable of adjusting the opening of the first analog valve in accordance with a set nozzle flow characteristic and the opening of the second analog valve in accordance with a set outlet back pressure characteristic, based on a measurement result of the measurement unit. Based on the technical scheme of the application, economical efficiency, flexibility, high efficiency and simulation precision can be considered in the process of nozzle simulation, and the device for simulating back pressure of the nozzle can be used for developing a distributor calibration test and a control system semi-physical test.
Description
Technical Field
The disclosure relates to the field of aeroengine experiments and manufacturing, in particular to a nozzle simulation device and a fuel system experiment platform.
Background
At present, two types of relatively wide centrifugal nozzles are adopted on the combustion chamber of the aero-engine, one type is a single-oil-way centrifugal nozzle, and the other type is a double-oil-way centrifugal nozzle. The flow number of the single-oil-way centrifugal nozzle is fixed, cannot be adjusted, and cannot meet the requirements of the multi-ring-cavity combustion chamber on fuel distribution and combustion; the double-oil-way centrifugal nozzle can change the flow characteristic according to the change of the flow, so that a wider fuel flow working range can be realized, and the fuel can still keep a higher flow velocity under a small flow working condition, thereby realizing full atomization of the fuel under the small flow working condition, improving the combustion efficiency and reducing the pollutant emission.
When a fuel dispenser calibration test or a control system semi-physical simulation test is carried out, a hole plate is generally adopted to replace a real nozzle for carrying out the test, however, the method is only suitable for a single-oil-way centrifugal nozzle, and no mature and efficient scheme exists for a double-oil-way centrifugal nozzle. The existing measure adopts a plurality of groups of pore plates with different flow characteristics for equivalent replacement, and the scheme has extremely low test efficiency and no accuracy; the real nozzle has higher cost, the risk of damaging the test piece exists, and the back pressure of the nozzle cannot be simulated; the solution type hole repair work adopting the mechanical spring equivalent nozzle is complex, and once the flow characteristic curve of the nozzle is changed, the customization is needed, so that the flexibility is poor.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of this, the embodiment of the disclosure provides a nozzle simulation device and a fuel system experiment platform, which can give consideration to economical efficiency, flexibility, high efficiency and simulation precision in the process of simulating a nozzle, and can simulate a device for back pressure of the nozzle at the same time, and is used for developing a distributor calibration test and a control system semi-physical test.
In one aspect of the present disclosure, there is provided a nozzle simulator, which is provided in a fuel flow path between a fuel supply port and a fuel outlet port, comprising:
the opening of the first analog valve is adjustably connected between the oil supply port and the oil outlet;
the opening of the second analog valve is adjustably connected between the first analog valve and the oil outlet;
a measurement unit for measuring the flow rate and pressure of the fuel flow path; and
and the controller is in signal connection with the first analog valve, the second analog valve and the measuring unit, and can adjust the opening of the first analog valve according to the set nozzle flow characteristic and the opening of the second analog valve according to the set outlet back pressure characteristic according to the measurement result of the measuring unit.
In some embodiments, the measuring device comprises:
a first pressure sensor for measuring a first pressure at the first analog valve inlet;
a second pressure sensor for measuring a second pressure at the outlet of the first analog valve; and
a flow meter for measuring an outlet flow through the first analog valve;
wherein the controller is further configured to: and controlling the opening of the first simulation valve according to the pressure difference value between the first pressure and the second pressure and the outlet flow, and controlling the opening of the second simulation valve according to the second pressure.
In some embodiments, the nozzle simulation apparatus further comprises:
a first check valve connected between the first and second analog valves, allowing only a one-way flow of fuel exceeding a first opening pressure from an outlet of the first analog valve to an inlet of the second analog valve;
wherein the first cracking pressure is lower than a minimum differential pressure at which the simulated nozzle has a flow rate therethrough.
In some embodiments, the nozzle simulation apparatus further comprises:
a second check valve connected in parallel with the first analog valve and the first check valve, allowing only fuel exceeding a second opening pressure to flow unidirectionally from an inlet of the first analog valve to an outlet of the second check valve;
wherein the second cracking pressure is lower than the highest operating pressure of the simulated nozzle.
In some embodiments, the nozzle simulation apparatus further comprises:
and the inlet of the overflow valve is connected between the outlet of the first simulation valve and the inlet of the second simulation valve, the outlet of the overflow valve is connected with the oil tank, and the opening pressure of the overflow valve is higher than the maximum outlet back pressure of the first simulation valve and lower than the maximum allowable pressure of the second simulation valve.
In some embodiments, the nozzle comprises a two-flow centrifugal nozzle, the nozzle flow characteristic comprising a pressure differential versus flow number characteristic curve;
the controller is configured to: obtaining a first flow number according to a given pressure difference value-flow number characteristic curve; calculating a second flow rate according to the pressure difference and the outlet flow rate by the following flow rate calculation formula; comparing the first flow rate number and the second flow rate number to adjust the opening degree of the first analog valve:
wherein F is N2 For the second number of flows,for the outlet flow, ΔP is the pressure differential.
In some embodiments, the controller is configured to: and increasing the opening degree of the first simulation valve when the first flow rate number is larger than the second flow rate number, and decreasing the opening degree of the first simulation valve when the first flow rate number is smaller than the second flow rate number.
In some embodiments, the outlet backpressure characteristic comprises a flow number-outlet backpressure relationship;
the controller is configured to: comparing the second pressure with the outlet back pressure determined from the flow number-outlet back pressure relationship at the second flow number and increasing the opening of the second analog valve when the second pressure is greater than the outlet back pressure and decreasing the opening of the second analog valve when the second pressure is less than the outlet back pressure.
In some embodiments, the nozzle comprises a single-circuit centrifugal nozzle, and the nozzle flow characteristic comprises a single-circuit centrifugal nozzle flow number calculated by:
wherein F is N3 C is the third flow rate d For the flow coefficient of the single-oil-way centrifugal nozzle, A n For the outlet of the single-oil-way centrifugal nozzleThe sectional area ρ is the fuel density;
the controller is configured to: calculating a third flow number according to the given flow coefficient, the outlet cross section area and the fuel density by a given single-oil-way centrifugal nozzle flow number calculation formula; calculating a fourth flow rate according to the pressure difference and the outlet flow rate by the following flow rate calculation formula; comparing the third flow rate number and the fourth flow rate number to adjust the opening degree of the first analog valve:
wherein F is N4 For the fourth number of flows,for the outlet flow, ΔP is the pressure differential.
In some embodiments, the controller is configured to: and increasing the opening degree of the first simulation valve when the third flow rate number is larger than the fourth flow rate number, and decreasing the opening degree of the first simulation valve when the third flow rate number is smaller than the fourth flow rate number.
In some embodiments, the outlet backpressure characteristic comprises a flow number-outlet backpressure relationship;
the controller is configured to: comparing the second pressure with the outlet back pressure determined by the flow number-outlet back pressure relationship at the fourth flow number and increasing the opening of the second analog valve when the second pressure is greater than the outlet back pressure and decreasing the opening of the second analog valve when the second pressure is less than the outlet back pressure.
In another aspect of the present disclosure, there is provided a fuel system experimental platform comprising:
the nozzle simulation apparatus as in any one of the previous embodiments;
the fuel oil distributor calibration device is characterized in that an inlet is connected with the fuel oil supply device, and an outlet is connected with the fuel oil supply port; and
the fuel control device is in signal connection with the fuel dispenser calibration device and the controller, and can control the fuel supply flow of the fuel dispenser calibration device to the fuel supply port, the opening degree of the first analog valve and the opening degree of the second analog valve are controlled by the controller, and the measuring result of the measuring unit is collected and recorded by the controller.
Therefore, according to the embodiment of the disclosure, by designing the nozzle simulation device, the dependence on a real nozzle in the calibration test of the fuel dispenser of the aeroengine is eliminated, and the simulation of the back pressure of the nozzle can be realized, so that the test efficiency and test quality of the dispenser and the semi-physical test are improved, and the test cost is reduced; in addition, the nozzle simulation device provided by the application can realize the simulation of the double-oil-way centrifugal nozzle with different schemes by loading different target flow characteristic curves, or can realize the simulation of the single-oil-way centrifugal nozzle by being fixed at a specific opening degree; in addition, the integration level of the equipment is improved by integrating the nozzle simulation device and the back pressure simulation device.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the disclosure and together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the disclosure.
The disclosure may be more clearly understood from the following detailed description taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in which:
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a pressure differential versus flow characteristic according to some embodiments of the present disclosure;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a nozzle simulator according to some embodiments of the present disclosure;
in the figure:
1. the hydraulic fluid filling system comprises an oil supply port, 2, an oil outlet, 3, a first simulation valve, 4, a second simulation valve, 51, a first pressure sensor, 52, a second pressure sensor, 53, a flowmeter, 6, a controller, 7, a first one-way valve, 8, a second one-way valve, 9 and an overflow valve.
It should be understood that the dimensions of the various elements shown in the figures are not drawn to actual scale. Further, the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar members.
Detailed Description
Various exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. The description of the exemplary embodiments is merely illustrative, and is in no way intended to limit the disclosure, its application, or uses. The present disclosure may be embodied in many different forms and is not limited to the embodiments described herein. These embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the disclosure to those skilled in the art. It should be noted that: the relative arrangement of parts and steps, the composition of materials, numerical expressions and numerical values set forth in these embodiments should be construed as exemplary only and not limiting unless otherwise specifically stated.
The terms "first," "second," and the like, as used in this disclosure, do not denote any order, quantity, or importance, but rather are used to distinguish one element from another. The word "comprising" or "comprises" and the like means that elements preceding the word encompass the elements recited after the word, and not exclude the possibility of also encompassing other elements. "upper", "lower", "left", "right", etc. are used merely to indicate relative positional relationships, which may also be changed when the absolute position of the object to be described is changed.
In this disclosure, when a particular device is described as being located between a first device and a second device, there may or may not be an intervening device between the particular device and either the first device or the second device. When it is described that a particular device is connected to other devices, the particular device may be directly connected to the other devices without intervening devices, or may be directly connected to the other devices without intervening devices.
All terms (including technical or scientific terms) used in this disclosure have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this disclosure belongs, unless specifically defined otherwise. It will be further understood that terms, such as those defined in commonly used dictionaries, should be interpreted as having a meaning that is consistent with their meaning in the context of the relevant art and will not be interpreted in an idealized or overly formal sense unless expressly so defined herein.
Techniques, methods, and apparatus known to one of ordinary skill in the relevant art may not be discussed in detail, but are intended to be part of the specification where appropriate.
As shown in fig. 1-2:
in one aspect of the present disclosure, there is provided a nozzle simulator, which is provided in a fuel flow path between a fuel supply port 1 and a fuel outlet port 2, comprising:
the opening of the first analog valve 3 is adjustably connected between the oil supply port 1 and the oil outlet 2;
the second simulation valve 4 is connected between the first simulation valve 3 and the oil outlet 2 in an opening adjustable way;
a measurement unit for measuring the flow rate and pressure of the fuel flow path; and
and a controller 6 which is signally connected to the first analog valve 3, the second analog valve 4 and the measuring means and is capable of adjusting the opening of the first analog valve 3 in accordance with a set nozzle flow characteristic and the opening of the second analog valve 4 in accordance with a set outlet back pressure characteristic, based on the measurement result of the measuring means.
The opening degree of the first simulation valve 3 is adjustable and is used for simulating the fuel injection process of the real nozzle, however, the fuel of the real nozzle directly participates in the combustion process in the combustion chamber after being injected from the nozzle, the pressure in the combustion chamber is relatively increased after the combustion process is performed with the processes of fuel atomization, atomized fuel evaporation, mixed combustion and the like, so that the back pressure influence can be brought to the outlet of the real nozzle, and for the purpose of being more fit to the injection environment of the real nozzle, the application further adopts the mode that the second simulation valve 4 is additionally arranged between the first simulation valve 3 and the oil outlet 2, and the back pressure simulation of the fuel nozzle is performed by controlling the opening degree of the second simulation valve 4.
Since the opening degree of the first analog valve 3 or the second analog valve 4 is required to be controlled for the real nozzle and the real combustion scene, the measuring unit is introduced to measure the flow and the pressure on the fuel flow path, and the controller 6 dynamically controls the opening degree of the first analog valve 3 and the opening degree of the second analog valve 4 in real time by taking the flow and the pressure as control variables, so that the related test of the engine fuel supply system can be developed by the nozzle simulator provided by the application.
Further, in some embodiments, the measuring device comprises:
a first pressure sensor 51 for measuring a first pressure at the inlet of the first analog valve 3;
a second pressure sensor 52 for measuring a second pressure at the outlet of the first analog valve 3; and
a flow meter 53 for measuring the outlet flow through the first analogue valve 3;
wherein the controller 6 is further configured to: the opening degree of the first simulation valve 3 is controlled according to the pressure difference value between the first pressure and the second pressure and the outlet flow rate, and the opening degree of the second simulation valve 4 is controlled according to the second pressure.
The main parameters of interest for the nozzle include the number of flows, which are physical quantities defined by the pressure difference and the flow rate, and therefore, in order to simulate the discharge process of a real nozzle as much as possible, the measuring device in the present application measures the pressure difference by providing one pressure sensor at the upstream and downstream of the first analog valve 3, and measures the flow rate of the fuel flowing through the first analog method by providing the flow meter 53 at the outlet of the first analog valve 3.
And since the second simulation valve 4 is used to simulate the outlet back pressure of the nozzle, the second simulation method can perform its own opening degree control based on the measurement result of the outlet pressure of the first simulation valve 3 by the second pressure sensor 52.
Further, to reduce the machining difficulty and precision requirements for the first simulation valve 3, in some embodiments, the nozzle simulation apparatus further comprises:
a first check valve 7 connected between the first analog valve 3 and the second analog valve 4, and allowing only the fuel exceeding a first opening pressure to flow unidirectionally from the outlet of the first analog valve 3 to the inlet of the second analog valve 4;
wherein the first cracking pressure is lower than a minimum differential pressure at which the simulated nozzle has a flow rate therethrough.
The first simulation valve 3 with the adjustable opening is limited by the processing difficulty and the precision requirement, and the non-corresponding relation between the opening adjustment instruction and the opening change usually occurs under the working condition of small flow, so that the nozzle simulation is difficult to tend to the flow ejection state of the real nozzle. For this, the opening pressure of the first check valve 7 is set to be lower than the minimum pressure difference when the flow of the simulated nozzle passes through, so that the setting of the first check valve 7 can reduce the front-rear pressure difference of the first simulation valve 3 under the small flow condition, further improve the flow coefficient of the first simulation valve 3 under the small flow condition, and the influence of the first check valve 7 on the first simulation valve 3 under the large flow condition is small and negligible, and the setting of the first check valve 7 can further reduce the flow coefficient ratio=maximum flow coefficient/minimum flow coefficient of the first simulation valve 3, further improve the sensitivity and precision of the first simulation valve 3 under the small flow condition, and reduce the processing cost of the first simulation valve 3.
Further, in order to play a role in protecting the oil path, to avoid the first analog valve 3 and the measurement unit from being damaged by the transient increase of the differential pressure before and after the first analog valve 3 due to the abrupt change of the flow, in some embodiments, the nozzle simulation device further includes:
a second check valve 8 connected in parallel to the first analog valve 3 and the first check valve 7, and allowing only fuel exceeding a second opening pressure to flow unidirectionally from an inlet of the first analog valve 3 to an outlet of the second check valve 8;
wherein the second cracking pressure is lower than the highest operating pressure of the simulated nozzle.
Further, to further ensure that the pressure in the fuel flow path is not higher than a safe value with the second simulation valve 4 closed, in some embodiments, the nozzle simulation apparatus further includes:
and an overflow valve 9, the inlet of which is connected between the outlet of the first simulation valve 3 and the inlet of the second simulation valve 4, the outlet of which is connected with the oil tank, and the opening pressure of which is higher than the maximum outlet back pressure of the first simulation valve 3 and lower than the maximum allowable pressure of the second simulation valve 4.
Further, in some embodiments, the nozzle comprises a two-flow centrifugal nozzle, and the nozzle flow characteristic comprises a pressure differential versus flow number characteristic;
the controller 6 is configured to: obtaining a first flow number according to a given pressure difference value-flow number characteristic curve; calculating a second flow rate from the pressure difference and the outlet flow meter 53 by the following flow rate calculation formula; comparing the first flow rate number and the second flow rate number to adjust the opening degree of the first analog valve 3:
wherein F is N2 For the second number of flows,for the outlet flow, ΔP is the pressure differential.
The first flow number is a characteristic parameter of the dual-circuit centrifugal nozzle used for simulation, and can be calibrated by a nozzle ejection experiment, and is usually expressed as a function of pressure difference. The second flow rate can be regarded as the true flow rate of the first analog valve 3, and is measured by the pressure sensor and the flow meter 53 provided before and after the first analog valve 3.
In some embodiments, the process of adjusting the opening of the first analog valve 3 by the controller 6 is specifically that the controller 6 is configured to: and when the first flow rate number is smaller than the second flow rate number, the opening degree of the first analog valve 3 is reduced.
In addition, in a specific flow state, the change of the opening degree of the first analog valve 3 may cause the change of the differential pressure between the front and rear sides thereof, so in order to simulate the dual-flow centrifugal nozzle, the controller 6 should adjust the opening degree of the first analog valve 3 for the first time according to the magnitude relation between the first flow numbers corresponding to the second flow numbers under the current pressure difference. Since the first adjustment of the opening of the first analog valve 3 inevitably brings about a change in the differential pressure between the front and rear of the first analog valve 3, and thus causes a new first flow rate and second flow rate, the controller 6 needs to repeatedly determine the relationship between the first flow rate and the second flow rate, and repeat the adjustment step based on the new magnitude relationship until the first analog valve 3 and the nozzle to be simulated have the same or acceptable differential pressure and flow rate correspondence.
Based on the method, the nozzle simulation device provided by the application can simulate the injection process of any double-oil-way centrifugal nozzle only by giving the pressure difference value-flow quantity characteristic curve, has wide applicability, does not need to repeatedly process and replace a pore plate in the simulation device, and realizes the simulation of the nozzle with shorter experiment preparation period and more convenient and accurate control.
Further, in some embodiments, the control process for the second analog valve 4 is specifically: the outlet backpressure characteristic comprises a flow number-outlet backpressure relationship;
the controller 6 is configured to: comparing the second pressure with the outlet back pressure determined by the flow number-outlet back pressure relationship at the second flow number and increasing the opening of the second simulation valve 4 when the second pressure is greater than the outlet back pressure and decreasing the opening of the second simulation valve 4 when the second pressure is less than the outlet back pressure.
For a real fuel nozzle, each flow number corresponds to a specific combustion state, and since the back pressure of the fuel nozzle corresponds to the combustion state one by one, the relationship between the flow number and the outlet back pressure can be obtained by experimental measurement or numerical simulation calculation or other feasible means. Thus, in the case of a flow rate number determination, the controller 6 can control the opening degree of the second simulation valve 4 based on the relationship between the flow rate number and the back pressure, and thereby provide the first simulation valve 3 with a back pressure environment close to the actual nozzle operation scenario.
Further, in some embodiments, the nozzle comprises a single-circuit centrifugal nozzle, and the nozzle flow characteristic comprises a single-circuit centrifugal nozzle flow number calculated by:
wherein F is N3 C is the third flow rate d For the flow coefficient of the single-oil-way centrifugal nozzle, A n The outlet cross section area of the single-oil-way centrifugal nozzle is ρ, and the ρ is the fuel density;
the controller 6 is configured to: calculating a third flow number according to the given flow coefficient, the outlet cross section area and the fuel density by a given single-oil-way centrifugal nozzle flow number calculation formula; calculating a fourth flow rate from the pressure difference and the outlet flow meter 53 by the following flow rate calculation formula; comparing the third flow rate number and the fourth flow rate number to adjust the opening degree of the first analog valve 3:
wherein F is N4 For the fourth number of flows,for the outlet flow, ΔP is the pressure differential.
In some embodiments, the specific simulation process for the single-oil-way centrifugal nozzle is as follows: the controller 6 is configured to: and when the third flow rate number is larger than the fourth flow rate number, increasing the opening degree of the first simulation valve 3, and when the third flow rate number is smaller than the fourth flow rate number, decreasing the opening degree of the first simulation valve 3.
Because the flow rate of the single-oil-way centrifugal nozzle is fixed, the flow rate can be obtained based on a formula corresponding to the third flow rate by the input flow rate coefficient, the outlet cross section area and the fuel density, and the fourth flow rate is obtained in a similar process to the calculation process of the second flow rate and is the real flow rate of the first analog valve 3. After obtaining the third flow rate and the fourth flow rate, the controller 6 controls the opening degree so that the fourth flow rate approaches the third flow rate, thereby obtaining the first simulation valve 3 for simulating the specific single-oil centrifugal nozzle. In this adjustment process, although the change in the opening degree of the first analog valve 3 causes the change in the front-rear pressure difference, the calculation process of the third flow rate is not affected, and thus can be regarded as a single-variable control process, unlike the case where the first flow rate number and the second flow rate number are changed simultaneously in the opening degree adjustment process of the two-oil passage centrifugal nozzle.
When the single-oil-way centrifugal nozzle with different parameters is required to be simulated, the third flow number is only required to be recalculated according to the flow coefficient and the outlet area of the nozzle to be simulated, so that the single-oil-way centrifugal nozzle can be simulated in theory.
Further, similar to the simulation of the dual-circuit centrifugal nozzle back pressure, in some embodiments, the outlet back pressure characteristics include flow number-outlet back pressure relationship;
the controller 6 is configured to: comparing the second pressure with the outlet back pressure determined by the flow number-outlet back pressure relationship at the fourth flow number and increasing the opening of the second simulation valve 4 when the second pressure is greater than the outlet back pressure and decreasing the opening of the second simulation valve 4 when the second pressure is less than the outlet back pressure.
In another aspect of the present disclosure, there is provided a fuel system experimental platform comprising:
the nozzle simulation apparatus as in any one of the previous embodiments;
the fuel oil distributor calibration device is characterized in that an inlet is connected with the fuel oil supply device, and an outlet is connected with the fuel oil supply port 1; and
the fuel control device is in signal connection with the fuel dispenser calibration device and the controller 6, and can control the fuel supply flow of the fuel dispenser calibration device to the fuel supply port 1, the opening degree of the first analog valve 3 and the opening degree of the second analog valve 4 are controlled by the controller 6, and the measuring result of the measuring unit is collected and recorded by the controller 6.
The nozzle simulated by the method can accurately reflect the flowing state of the fuel before and after the nozzle and in the fuel pipeline due to the influence of the back pressure of the nozzle outlet on the injection process of the nozzle and the flowing process of the fuel in the pipeline, although the injection of the nozzle is not involved.
Therefore, the nozzle simulation device provided by the application is used as a ring of the experimental device, the simulation process of the whole fuel flow system and the fuel control system matched with the whole fuel flow system can be conveniently and accurately carried out, for example, a fuel dispenser calibration device can be connected to the upstream of the nozzle simulation device, so that the simulation of the fuel flow process from the fuel dispenser to the nozzle is carried out, and the calibration precision of the fuel dispenser is further improved; the fuel control device can be added on the basis of the measuring unit and the controller 6, so that the flow and pressure difference change in the flow number control process of the fuel nozzles can be collected, and experimental data and references can be provided for the process of combining software and hardware in the fuel control process; correspondingly, the nozzle simulation device can be further matched with a health management system of the engine, so that semi-physical experiments related to the nozzle are carried out, system integration verification is carried out, and the matching performance of software and hardware of the fuel control system, the matching performance of the fuel control system and the health management system and the compliance with technical requirements of the fuel control system are verified.
Therefore, according to the embodiment of the disclosure, by designing the nozzle simulation device, the dependence on a real nozzle in the calibration test of the fuel dispenser of the aeroengine is eliminated, and the simulation of the back pressure of the nozzle can be realized, so that the test efficiency and test quality of the dispenser and the semi-physical test are improved, and the test cost is reduced; in addition, the nozzle simulation device provided by the application can realize the simulation of the double-oil-way centrifugal nozzle with different schemes by loading different target flow characteristic curves, or can realize the simulation of the single-oil-way centrifugal nozzle by being fixed at a specific opening degree; in addition, the integration level of the equipment is improved by integrating the nozzle simulation device and the back pressure simulation device.
Thus, various embodiments of the present disclosure have been described in detail. In order to avoid obscuring the concepts of the present disclosure, some details known in the art are not described. How to implement the solutions disclosed herein will be fully apparent to those skilled in the art from the above description.
Although some specific embodiments of the present disclosure have been described in detail by way of example, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that the above examples are for illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the present disclosure. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the foregoing embodiments may be modified and equivalents substituted for elements thereof without departing from the scope and spirit of the disclosure. The scope of the present disclosure is defined by the appended claims.
Claims (9)
1. A nozzle simulator, which is provided in a fuel flow path between a fuel supply port (1) and a fuel outlet port (2), comprising:
the opening of the first simulation valve (3) is adjustably connected between the oil supply port (1) and the oil outlet (2);
the opening degree of the second simulation valve (4) is adjustably connected between the first simulation valve (3) and the oil outlet (2);
a measurement unit for measuring the flow rate and pressure of the fuel flow path; and
a controller (6) signally connected to the first analogue valve (3), the second analogue valve (4) and the measuring unit, capable of adjusting the opening of the first analogue valve (3) in accordance with a set nozzle flow characteristic and the opening of the second analogue valve (4) in accordance with a set outlet back pressure characteristic, in accordance with a measurement result of the measuring unit;
wherein the measurement unit includes:
-a first pressure sensor (51) for measuring a first pressure at the inlet of the first analogue valve (3);
-a second pressure sensor (52) for measuring a second pressure at the outlet of the first analogue valve (3); and
a flow meter (53) for measuring the outlet flow through the first analogue valve (3);
wherein the controller (6) is further configured to: controlling the opening of the first analogue valve (3) according to the pressure difference between the first pressure and the second pressure and the outlet flow, and controlling the opening of the second analogue valve (4) according to the second pressure;
the nozzle comprises a dual-flow centrifugal nozzle, the nozzle flow characteristic comprises a pressure difference-flow number characteristic curve, and the outlet back pressure characteristic comprises a flow number-outlet back pressure relation;
the controller (6) is configured to:
obtaining a first flow number according to a given pressure difference value-flow number characteristic curve; calculating a second flow rate according to the pressure difference and the outlet flow rate by the following flow rate calculation formula; comparing the first flow rate number and the second flow rate number to adjust the opening degree of the first analog valve (3):
and comparing the second pressure with the outlet back pressure determined by the flow number-outlet back pressure relationship at the second flow number and increasing the opening of the second analogue valve (4) when the second pressure is greater than the outlet back pressure and decreasing the opening of the second analogue valve (4) when the second pressure is less than the outlet back pressure;
wherein F is N2 For the second number of flows,for the outlet flow, ΔP is the pressure differential.
2. The nozzle simulator of claim 1, wherein the nozzle simulator further comprises:
a first one-way valve (7) connected between said first analog valve (3) and said second analog valve (4) and allowing only a one-way flow of fuel exceeding a first opening pressure from the outlet of said first analog valve (3) to the inlet of said second analog valve (4);
wherein the first cracking pressure is lower than a minimum differential pressure at which the simulated nozzle has a flow rate therethrough.
3. The nozzle simulator of claim 2, wherein the nozzle simulator further comprises:
a second one-way valve (8) connected in parallel to the first analog valve (3) and the first one-way valve (7) and allowing only fuel exceeding a second opening pressure to flow unidirectionally from an inlet of the first analog valve (3) to an outlet of the second one-way valve (8);
wherein the second cracking pressure is lower than the highest operating pressure of the simulated nozzle.
4. The nozzle simulator of claim 2, wherein the nozzle simulator further comprises:
and the overflow valve (9) is connected between the outlet of the first simulation valve (3) and the inlet of the second simulation valve (4), the outlet is connected to the oil tank, and the opening pressure is higher than the maximum outlet back pressure of the first simulation valve (3) and lower than the maximum allowable pressure of the second simulation valve (4).
5. Nozzle simulation device according to claim 1, characterized in that the controller (6) is configured to: and increasing the opening degree of the first analog valve (3) when the first flow rate number is larger than the second flow rate number, and decreasing the opening degree of the first analog valve (3) when the first flow rate number is smaller than the second flow rate number.
6. The nozzle simulation apparatus of claim 1, wherein the nozzle comprises a single-circuit centrifugal nozzle, and the nozzle flow characteristic comprises a single-circuit centrifugal nozzle flow number calculated by:
wherein F is N3 C is the third flow rate d For the flow coefficient of the single-oil-way centrifugal nozzle, A n The outlet cross section area of the single-oil-way centrifugal nozzle is ρ, and the ρ is the fuel density;
the controller (6) is configured to: calculating a third flow number according to the given flow coefficient, the outlet cross section area and the fuel density by a given single-oil-way centrifugal nozzle flow number calculation formula; calculating a fourth flow rate according to the pressure difference and the outlet flow rate by the following flow rate calculation formula; comparing the third flow rate number and the fourth flow rate number to adjust the opening degree of the first analog valve (3):
wherein F is N4 For the fourth number of flows,for the outlet flow, ΔP is the pressure differential.
7. The nozzle simulation apparatus according to claim 6, wherein the controller (6) is configured to: and increasing the opening degree of the first analog valve (3) when the third flow rate number is larger than the fourth flow rate number, and decreasing the opening degree of the first analog valve (3) when the third flow rate number is smaller than the fourth flow rate number.
8. The nozzle simulation apparatus of claim 6, wherein the outlet backpressure characteristic comprises a flow number-outlet backpressure relationship;
the controller (6) is configured to: -comparing the second pressure with the outlet counter pressure determined by the flow number-outlet counter pressure relationship at the fourth flow number and increasing the opening of the second analogue valve (4) when the second pressure is larger than the outlet counter pressure and decreasing the opening of the second analogue valve (4) when the second pressure is smaller than the outlet counter pressure.
9. A fuel system experiment platform, comprising:
a nozzle simulation apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 8;
the fuel oil distributor calibration device is characterized in that an inlet is connected with the fuel oil supply device, and an outlet is connected with the fuel oil supply port (1); and
the fuel control device is in signal connection with the fuel dispenser calibration device and the controller (6), and can control the fuel supply flow of the fuel dispenser calibration device to the fuel supply port (1), the opening degree of the first analog valve (3) and the opening degree of the second analog valve (4) are controlled by the controller (6), and the measuring result of the measuring unit is collected and recorded by the controller (6).
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