CN113049253A - Nozzle simulation device and fuel system experiment platform - Google Patents
Nozzle simulation device and fuel system experiment platform Download PDFInfo
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- CN113049253A CN113049253A CN201911256640.8A CN201911256640A CN113049253A CN 113049253 A CN113049253 A CN 113049253A CN 201911256640 A CN201911256640 A CN 201911256640A CN 113049253 A CN113049253 A CN 113049253A
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- G01M15/00—Testing of engines
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Abstract
The utility model relates to a nozzle analogue means sets up the fuel flow path between fuel feeding mouth and oil-out, includes: the first simulation valve is connected between the oil supply port and the oil outlet in an opening-adjustable manner; the opening degree of the second simulation valve is adjustably connected between the first simulation valve and the oil outlet; a measuring unit for measuring a flow rate and a pressure of the fuel flow path; and a controller, which is in signal connection with the first analog valve, the second analog valve and the measuring unit, and can adjust the opening degree of the first analog valve according to the set nozzle flow characteristic and the opening degree of the second analog valve according to the set outlet back pressure characteristic according to the measuring result of the measuring unit. According to the technical scheme, economy, flexibility, high efficiency and simulation precision can be considered in the nozzle simulation process, and the device for simulating back pressure of the nozzle can be used for developing a distributor calibration test and a control system semi-physical test.
Description
Technical Field
The disclosure relates to the field of aero-engine experiments and manufacturing, in particular to a nozzle simulation device and a fuel system experiment platform.
Background
At present, two types of centrifugal nozzles are widely adopted on an aeroengine combustion chamber, one type is a single-oil-way centrifugal nozzle, and the other type is a double-oil-way centrifugal nozzle. The flow number of the single-oil-way centrifugal nozzle is fixed and unchanged, the flow number cannot be adjusted, and the requirements of a multi-ring cavity combustion chamber on fuel oil distribution and combustion cannot be met; the double-oil-way centrifugal nozzle can change the flow characteristic according to the change of the flow, thereby realizing a wider fuel flow working range, and the fuel can still keep higher flow velocity under a small-flow working condition, thereby realizing the sufficient atomization of the fuel under the small-flow working condition, improving the combustion efficiency and reducing the pollutant emission.
When a fuel oil distributor calibration test or a control system semi-physical simulation test is carried out, a hole plate is generally adopted to replace a real nozzle to carry out the test, however, the method is only suitable for a single-oil-way centrifugal nozzle, and a mature and efficient scheme for a double-oil-way centrifugal nozzle is not provided. The existing measures adopt a plurality of groups of pore plates with different flow characteristics for equivalent substitution, and the scheme has extremely low test efficiency and no precision; the cost of the real nozzle is high, the risk of damaging a test piece exists, and the back pressure of the nozzle cannot be simulated; the hole repairing work adopting the mechanical spring type equivalent nozzle scheme is complicated, and once the flow characteristic curve of the nozzle changes, the nozzle needs to be customized again, so that the flexibility is poor.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of this, the embodiment of the present disclosure provides a nozzle simulation apparatus and a fuel system experiment platform, which can consider economy, flexibility, high efficiency and simulation precision in a nozzle simulation process, and can simulate a device for back pressure of a nozzle, and are used for developing a distributor calibration test and a control system semi-physical test.
In one aspect of the present disclosure, there is provided a nozzle simulation apparatus disposed in a fuel flow path between a fuel supply port and a fuel outlet, including:
the first simulation valve is connected between the oil supply port and the oil outlet in an opening-adjustable manner;
the opening degree of the second simulation valve is adjustably connected between the first simulation valve and the oil outlet;
a measuring unit for measuring a flow rate and a pressure of the fuel flow path; and
and the controller is in signal connection with the first simulation valve, the second simulation valve and the measuring unit, and can adjust the opening degree of the first simulation valve according to the set nozzle flow characteristic and adjust the opening degree of the second simulation valve according to the set outlet back pressure characteristic according to the measuring result of the measuring unit.
In some embodiments, the measurement device comprises:
a first pressure sensor for measuring a first pressure at the first analog valve inlet;
a second pressure sensor for measuring a second pressure at the outlet of the first analog valve; and
a flow meter for measuring an outlet flow through the first analog valve;
wherein the controller is further configured to: and controlling the opening degree of the first simulation valve according to the pressure difference value of the first pressure and the second pressure and the outlet flow, and controlling the opening degree of the second simulation valve according to the second pressure.
In some embodiments, the nozzle simulator further comprises:
a first check valve connected between the first analog valve and the second analog valve, and allowing only fuel exceeding a first cracking pressure to flow in one direction from an outlet of the first analog valve to an inlet of the second analog valve;
wherein the first cracking pressure is lower than the minimum pressure difference when the simulated nozzle passes through the flow.
In some embodiments, the nozzle simulator further comprises:
the second one-way valve is connected with the first simulation valve and the first one-way valve in parallel, and only allows the fuel with the second opening pressure to flow from the inlet of the first simulation valve to the outlet of the second one-way valve in a one-way mode;
wherein the second cracking pressure is lower than the highest working pressure of the simulated nozzle.
In some embodiments, the nozzle simulator further comprises:
and the inlet of the overflow valve is connected between the outlet of the first simulation valve and the inlet of the second simulation valve, the outlet of the overflow valve is connected to the oil tank, and the opening pressure of the overflow valve is higher than the maximum outlet back pressure of the first simulation valve and lower than the maximum allowable pressure of the second simulation valve.
In some embodiments, the nozzle comprises a dual-flow centrifugal nozzle, the nozzle flow characteristic comprises a pressure differential-flow number characteristic;
the controller is configured to: obtaining a first flow number according to the pressure difference value from a given characteristic curve of the pressure difference value and the flow number; calculating a second number of flows from said pressure difference and said outlet flow by the following flow number calculation formula; comparing the first and second flow numbers to adjust the opening of the first analog valve:
wherein, FN2In the case of the second number of streams,
Δ P is the pressure differential for the outlet flow.
In some embodiments, the controller is configured to: increasing the opening of the first analog valve when the first number of flows is greater than the second number of flows, and decreasing the opening of the first analog valve when the first number of flows is less than the second number of flows.
In some embodiments, the outlet back pressure characteristic comprises a flow number versus outlet back pressure relationship;
the controller is configured to: comparing the second pressure to the outlet back pressure determined by the flow number-outlet back pressure relationship at the second flow number and increasing the opening of the second analog valve when the second pressure is greater than the outlet back pressure and decreasing the opening of the second analog valve when the second pressure is less than the outlet back pressure.
In some embodiments, the nozzle comprises a single-channel centrifugal nozzle, the nozzle flow characteristic comprises a single-channel centrifugal nozzle flow number calculated by:
wherein, FN3Is the third flow number, CdIs the flow coefficient of the single oil path centrifugal nozzle, AnThe cross section area of the outlet of the single-oil-way centrifugal nozzle is defined, and rho is the density of fuel oil;
the controller is configured to: calculating a third flow number according to the given flow coefficient, the given outlet cross-sectional area and the given fuel density by a given single-oil-way centrifugal nozzle flow number calculation formula; calculating a fourth flow rate from the pressure difference and the outlet flow rate by the following flow rate calculation formula; comparing the third flow number and the fourth flow number to adjust the opening of the first analog valve:
wherein, FN4As a fourth flow rate number, a flow rate of the first flow rate,
Δ P is the pressure differential for the outlet flow.
In some embodiments, the controller is configured to: increasing the opening of the first analog valve when the third flow number is greater than the fourth flow number, and decreasing the opening of the first analog valve when the third flow number is less than the fourth flow number.
In some embodiments, the outlet back pressure characteristic comprises a flow number versus outlet back pressure relationship;
the controller is configured to: comparing the second pressure with the outlet back pressure determined by the flow number-outlet back pressure relationship at the fourth flow number and increasing the opening of the second analog valve when the second pressure is greater than the outlet back pressure and decreasing the opening of the second analog valve when the second pressure is less than the outlet back pressure.
In another aspect of the present disclosure, a fuel system experiment platform is provided, comprising:
a nozzle simulation arrangement as described in any of the previous embodiments;
the inlet of the fuel oil distributor calibration device is connected with the oil supply device, and the outlet of the fuel oil distributor calibration device is connected with the oil supply port; and
and the fuel control device is in signal connection with the fuel distributor calibration device and the controller, can control the fuel supply flow of the fuel distributor calibration device to the fuel supply port, controls the opening degrees of the first simulation valve and the second simulation valve through the controller, and collects and records the measurement result of the measurement unit through the controller.
Therefore, according to the embodiment of the disclosure, the dependence on a real nozzle in the calibration test of the fuel distributor of the aircraft engine is eliminated by designing the nozzle simulation device, and the simulation of the back pressure of the nozzle can be realized, so that the test efficiency and the test quality of the distributor and the semi-physical test are improved, and the test cost is reduced; moreover, the nozzle simulation device provided by the application can realize the simulation of the double-oil-way centrifugal nozzle with different schemes by loading different target flow characteristic curves, or realize the simulation of the single-oil-way centrifugal nozzle by fixing the nozzle simulation device at a specific opening; in addition, this application improves the integrated level of equipment through with nozzle analogue means and back pressure analogue means integration together.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the disclosure and together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the disclosure.
The present disclosure may be more clearly understood from the following detailed description, taken with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:
FIG. 1 is a schematic illustration of a pressure differential versus flow number characteristic according to some embodiments of the present disclosure;
FIG. 2 is a schematic block diagram of a nozzle simulator according to some embodiments of the present disclosure;
in the figure:
1. oil supply port, 2, oil outlet, 3, first analog valve, 4, second analog valve, 51, first pressure sensor, 52, second pressure sensor, 53, flowmeter, 6, controller, 7, first check valve, 8, second check valve, 9 and overflow valve.
It should be understood that the dimensions of the various parts shown in the figures are not drawn to scale. Further, the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar components.
Detailed Description
Various exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. The description of the exemplary embodiments is merely illustrative and is in no way intended to limit the disclosure, its application, or uses. The present disclosure may be embodied in many different forms and is not limited to the embodiments described herein. These embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the disclosure to those skilled in the art. It should be noted that: the relative arrangement of parts and steps, the composition of materials, numerical expressions and numerical values set forth in these embodiments are to be construed as merely illustrative, and not as limitative, unless specifically stated otherwise.
The use of "first," "second," and similar terms in this disclosure is not intended to indicate any order, quantity, or importance, but rather are used to distinguish one element from another. The word "comprising" or "comprises", and the like, means that the element preceding the word covers the element listed after the word, and does not exclude the possibility that other elements are also covered. "upper", "lower", "left", "right", and the like are used merely to indicate relative positional relationships, and when the absolute position of the object being described is changed, the relative positional relationships may also be changed accordingly.
In the present disclosure, when a specific device is described as being located between a first device and a second device, there may or may not be intervening devices between the specific device and the first device or the second device. When a particular device is described as being coupled to other devices, that particular device may be directly coupled to the other devices without intervening devices or may be directly coupled to the other devices with intervening devices.
All terms (including technical or scientific terms) used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this disclosure belongs unless specifically defined otherwise. It will be further understood that terms, such as those defined in commonly used dictionaries, should be interpreted as having a meaning that is consistent with their meaning in the context of the relevant art and will not be interpreted in an idealized or overly formal sense unless expressly so defined herein.
Techniques, methods, and apparatus known to those of ordinary skill in the relevant art may not be discussed in detail but are intended to be part of the specification where appropriate.
As shown in FIGS. 1-2:
in one aspect of the present disclosure, there is provided a nozzle simulation apparatus provided in a fuel flow path between a fuel supply port 1 and a fuel outlet port 2, including:
the first simulation valve 3 is connected between the oil supply port 1 and the oil outlet 2 in an opening-adjustable manner;
the opening degree of the second simulation valve 4 is adjustably connected between the first simulation valve 3 and the oil outlet 2;
a measuring unit for measuring a flow rate and a pressure of the fuel flow path; and
and a controller 6 which is connected to the first simulation valve 3, the second simulation valve 4 and the measuring unit by signals, and is capable of adjusting the opening degree of the first simulation valve 3 according to the set nozzle flow rate characteristic and the opening degree of the second simulation valve 4 according to the set outlet back pressure characteristic based on the measurement result of the measuring unit.
Wherein the aperture of first simulation valve 3 is adjustable, is used for simulating the fuel oil blowout process of real nozzle, however the fuel oil of real nozzle directly participates in the combustion process in the combustion chamber after the nozzle blowout, its combustion process is through the process back such as fuel oil atomization, atomizing fuel oil evaporation and mixing burning, the pressure in the combustion chamber increases relatively, consequently can bring the backpressure influence to the export of real nozzle, to this, in order to more laminate in the blowout environment of real nozzle, this application further adopts to add second simulation valve 4 between first simulation valve 3 and oil-out 2 to carry out the backpressure simulation of fuel oil nozzle through the aperture of control second simulation valve 4.
Since the opening degree of the first simulation valve 3 or the second simulation valve 4 needs to be controlled according to a real nozzle and a real combustion scene, the measurement unit is introduced to measure the flow and the pressure on the fuel flow path, and the controller 6 dynamically controls the opening degree of the first simulation valve 3 and the second simulation valve 4 in real time by taking the flow and the pressure as control variables, so that the nozzle simulation device provided by the application can be used for carrying out relevant tests of an engine oil supply system.
Further, in some embodiments, the measurement device comprises:
a first pressure sensor 51 for measuring a first pressure at the inlet of said first analog valve 3;
a second pressure sensor 52 for measuring a second pressure at the outlet of said first analog valve 3; and
a flow meter 53 for measuring an outlet flow rate through the first analogue valve 3;
wherein the controller 6 is further configured to: and controlling the opening degree of the first simulation valve 3 according to the pressure difference value of the first pressure and the second pressure and the outlet flow, and controlling the opening degree of the second simulation valve 4 according to the second pressure.
For the nozzle, the main parameters to be concerned include the flow rate, which is a physical quantity defined by the pressure difference and the flow rate, so in order to simulate the ejection process of a real nozzle as much as possible, the measuring device in the application adopts a mode of arranging one pressure sensor at each of the upstream and downstream of the first simulation valve 3 to measure the pressure difference, and a flow meter 53 is arranged at the outlet of the first simulation valve 3 to measure the flow rate of the fuel flowing through the first simulation method.
Since the second simulation valve 4 is used to simulate the outlet back pressure of the nozzle, the second simulation method can perform its own opening degree control based on the measurement result of the outlet pressure of the first simulation valve 3 by the second pressure sensor 52.
Further, in order to reduce the processing difficulty and precision requirement of the first simulation valve 3, in some embodiments, the nozzle simulation apparatus further includes:
a first check valve 7 connected between the first analog valve 3 and the second analog valve 4, and allowing only fuel exceeding a first cracking pressure to flow in one direction from an outlet of the first analog valve 3 to an inlet of the second analog valve 4;
wherein the first cracking pressure is lower than the minimum pressure difference when the simulated nozzle passes through the flow.
The opening-adjustable first simulation valve 3 is limited by the processing difficulty and precision requirements, and usually has an opening adjustment instruction and an opening change non-corresponding relation under a small-flow working condition, so that the nozzle simulation is difficult to approach to a real flow ejection state of the nozzle. In view of the above, the first check valve 7 is arranged, and the opening pressure of the first check valve 7 is set to be lower than the minimum pressure difference when the flow passes through the simulated nozzle, so that the arrangement of the first check valve 7 can reduce the front-back pressure difference of the first simulated valve 3 under the small-flow working condition, and further improve the flow coefficient of the first simulated valve 3 under the small-flow working condition, and in addition, the influence of the first check valve 7 on the first simulated valve 3 under the large-flow working condition is small and negligible, and the arrangement of the first check valve 7 can further reduce the flow coefficient ratio of the first simulated valve 3 to be the maximum flow coefficient/the minimum flow coefficient, so that the sensitivity and the precision of the first simulated valve 3 under the small-flow working condition are improved, and the processing cost of the first simulated valve 3 is reduced.
Further, in order to protect the oil path safely and avoid damage to the first simulation valve 3 and the measurement unit caused by the transient increase of the pressure difference between the front and the rear of the first simulation valve 3 due to sudden flow change, in some embodiments, the nozzle simulation apparatus further includes:
a second check valve 8 connected in parallel to the first analogue valve 3 and the first check valve 7, for allowing only the fuel exceeding a second cracking pressure to flow in one direction from the inlet of the first analogue valve 3 to the outlet of the second check valve 8;
wherein the second cracking pressure is lower than the highest working pressure of the simulated nozzle.
Further, in order to further ensure that the pressure in the fuel flow path is not higher than a safety value in case the second simulation valve 4 is closed, in some embodiments, the nozzle simulation device further comprises:
and the inlet of the overflow valve 9 is connected between the outlet of the first simulation valve 3 and the inlet of the second simulation valve 4, the outlet of the overflow valve is connected with a fuel tank, and the opening pressure is higher than the maximum outlet back pressure of the first simulation valve 3 and lower than the maximum allowable pressure of the second simulation valve 4.
Further, in some embodiments, the nozzle comprises a dual-flow centrifugal nozzle, and the nozzle flow characteristic comprises a pressure differential-flow number characteristic;
the controller 6 is configured to: obtaining a first flow number according to the pressure difference value from a given characteristic curve of the pressure difference value and the flow number; calculating a second number of flows from said pressure difference and said outlet flow meter 53 by the following flow number calculation formula; comparing said first and said second number of flows to adjust the opening of said first analog valve 3:
wherein, FN2In the case of the second number of streams,
Δ P is the pressure differential for the outlet flow.
The first number of flows is a characteristic parameter that the dual oil path centrifugal nozzle used to simulate has, and is calibrated by nozzle blow out experiments, and is typically expressed as a function of pressure differential. The second flow quantity can be regarded as the actual flow quantity of the first dummy valve 3, and is measured by the pressure sensor and the flow meter 53 disposed before and after the first dummy valve 3.
In some embodiments, the process of the controller 6 adjusting the opening degree of the first analog valve 3 is specifically that the controller 6 is configured to: the opening degree of the first dummy valve 3 is increased when the first number of flows is larger than the second number of flows, and the opening degree of the first dummy valve 3 is decreased when the first number of flows is smaller than the second number of flows.
It should be noted that, under a specific flow condition, the change of the opening degree of the first simulation valve 3 will bring about a change of the pressure difference between the front and the back thereof, so in order to simulate the two-flow centrifugal nozzle, the controller 6 should perform the first adjustment of the opening degree of the first simulation valve 3 according to the magnitude relationship between the first flow numbers corresponding to the second flow numbers under the current pressure difference. Since the first adjustment of the opening of the first analog valve 3 will bring about a change of the pressure difference across the first analog valve 3, and thus a new first flow rate and second flow rate, the controller 6 needs to repeatedly determine the relationship between the first flow rate and the second flow rate, and repeat the adjustment step based on the new magnitude relationship until the first analog valve 3 and the simulated nozzle have the same or an acceptable accuracy of the corresponding relationship between the pressure difference and the flow rate.
Based on this, only need given pressure difference value-flow number characteristic curve, the nozzle analogue means that the application provided can realize the simulation to the injection process of arbitrary two oil circuit centrifugal nozzle, has extensive suitability, need not repeatedly process and change the orifice plate in the analogue means, realizes the simulation to the nozzle with shorter experiment preparation cycle and more convenient accurate control.
Further, in some embodiments, the control process for the second analog valve 4 is specifically: the outlet back pressure characteristic comprises a flow number-outlet back pressure relationship;
the controller 6 is configured to: comparing the second pressure with the outlet back pressure determined by the flow number-outlet back pressure relationship at the second flow number and increasing the opening of the second analogue valve 4 when the second pressure is greater than the outlet back pressure and decreasing the opening of the second analogue valve 4 when the second pressure is less than the outlet back pressure.
For a real fuel nozzle, each flow rate corresponds to a specific combustion state, and since the back pressure of the fuel nozzle corresponds to the combustion state one by one, the relationship between the flow rate and the outlet back pressure can be obtained through experimental measurement or numerical simulation calculation or other feasible modes. Thus, in the case where the number of flows is determined, the controller 6 can control the opening degree of the second dummy valve 4 based on the relationship between the number of flows and the back pressure, thereby providing the first dummy valve 3 with a back pressure environment close to the real nozzle operation scenario.
Further, in some embodiments, the nozzle comprises a single-channel centrifugal nozzle, and the nozzle flow characteristic comprises a single-channel centrifugal nozzle flow number calculated by:
wherein, FN3Is the third flow number, CdIs the flow coefficient of the single oil path centrifugal nozzle, AnThe cross section area of the outlet of the single-oil-way centrifugal nozzle is defined, and rho is the density of fuel oil;
the controller 6 is configured to: calculating a third flow number according to the given flow coefficient, the given outlet cross-sectional area and the given fuel density by a given single-oil-way centrifugal nozzle flow number calculation formula; calculating a fourth flow rate from the pressure difference and the outlet flow meter 53 by the following flow rate calculation formula; comparing the third flow number and the fourth flow number to adjust the opening degree of the first simulation valve 3:
wherein，FN4As a fourth flow rate number, a flow rate of the first flow rate,
Δ P is the pressure differential for the outlet flow.
In some embodiments, the specific simulation process for the single-oil centrifugal nozzle is as follows: the controller 6 is configured to: the opening degree of the first simulation valve 3 is increased when the third flow number is larger than the fourth flow number, and the opening degree of the first simulation valve 3 is decreased when the third flow number is smaller than the fourth flow number.
Since the flow rate of the single-oil path centrifugal nozzle is fixed, the flow rate can be obtained from the input flow rate coefficient, the outlet cross-sectional area and the fuel density based on the formula corresponding to the third flow rate, and the process of obtaining the fourth flow rate is similar to the process of calculating the second flow rate and is the real flow rate of the first simulation valve 3. After the third flow number and the fourth flow number are obtained, the controller 6 adopts a mode of controlling the opening degree to enable the fourth flow number to approach the third flow number, and then the first simulation valve 3 simulating a specific single-oil-way centrifugal nozzle is obtained. In this adjustment process, although the change in the opening degree of the first dummy valve 3 causes a change in the differential pressure between the front and rear sides, it does not affect the calculation process of the third flow number, and therefore, it can be regarded as a single variable control process, unlike the case where the first flow number and the second flow number are changed simultaneously in the opening degree adjustment process of the dual-channel centrifugal nozzle.
When the single-oil-way centrifugal nozzle with different parameters needs to be simulated, the third flow quantity is recalculated according to the flow coefficient and the outlet area of the nozzle to be simulated, so that any single-oil-way centrifugal nozzle can be simulated theoretically.
Further, similar to the simulation process for dual channel centrifugal nozzle back pressure, in some embodiments, the outlet back pressure characteristic comprises a flow number versus outlet back pressure relationship;
the controller 6 is configured to: comparing the second pressure with the outlet back pressure determined by the flow number-outlet back pressure relationship at the fourth flow number and increasing the opening of the second analogue valve 4 when the second pressure is greater than the outlet back pressure and decreasing the opening of the second analogue valve 4 when the second pressure is less than the outlet back pressure.
In another aspect of the present disclosure, a fuel system experiment platform is provided, comprising:
a nozzle simulation arrangement as described in any of the previous embodiments;
the inlet of the fuel oil distributor calibration device is connected with the oil supply device, and the outlet of the fuel oil distributor calibration device is connected with the oil supply port 1; and
and the fuel control device is in signal connection with the fuel distributor calibration device and the controller 6, can control the fuel supply flow of the fuel distributor calibration device to the fuel supply port 1, controls the opening degrees of the first simulation valve 3 and the second simulation valve 4 through the controller 6, and collects and records the measurement result of the measurement unit through the controller 6.
The nozzle simulated by the application can accurately reflect the flowing state of the fuel before and after the nozzle and in a fuel pipeline although the jet of the nozzle is not involved due to the influence of the nozzle outlet back pressure on the injection process of the nozzle and the flowing process of the fuel in a pipeline.
Therefore, the nozzle simulation device provided by the application is used as a ring of an experimental device, the simulation process of the whole fuel flow system and a fuel control system matched with the fuel flow system can be conveniently and accurately carried out, for example, a fuel distributor calibration device can be connected to the upstream of the nozzle simulation device, so that the simulation of the fuel flow process sprayed from a fuel distributor to a nozzle is carried out, and the calibration precision of the fuel distributor is further improved; a fuel control device can be added on the basis of the measurement unit and the controller 6, so that the flow and pressure difference changes in the fuel nozzle flow rate control process are collected, and experimental data and reference are provided for the process of combining software and hardware in the fuel control process; correspondingly, the nozzle simulation device can be further matched with a health management system of the engine, so that a semi-physical experiment related to the nozzle can be carried out, system integration verification is carried out, the matching performance of software and hardware of a fuel control system, the matching performance of the fuel control system and the health management system and the conformity of technical requirements of the fuel control system are verified.
Therefore, according to the embodiment of the disclosure, the dependence on a real nozzle in the calibration test of the fuel distributor of the aircraft engine is eliminated by designing the nozzle simulation device, and the simulation of the back pressure of the nozzle can be realized, so that the test efficiency and the test quality of the distributor and the semi-physical test are improved, and the test cost is reduced; moreover, the nozzle simulation device provided by the application can realize the simulation of the double-oil-way centrifugal nozzle with different schemes by loading different target flow characteristic curves, or realize the simulation of the single-oil-way centrifugal nozzle by fixing the nozzle simulation device at a specific opening; in addition, this application improves the integrated level of equipment through with nozzle analogue means and back pressure analogue means integration together.
Thus, various embodiments of the present disclosure have been described in detail. Some details that are well known in the art have not been described in order to avoid obscuring the concepts of the present disclosure. It will be fully apparent to those skilled in the art from the foregoing description how to practice the presently disclosed embodiments.
Although some specific embodiments of the present disclosure have been described in detail by way of example, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that the foregoing examples are for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the present disclosure. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes may be made in the above embodiments or equivalents may be substituted for elements thereof without departing from the scope and spirit of the present disclosure. The scope of the present disclosure is defined by the appended claims.
Claims (12)
1. A nozzle simulation device is arranged on a fuel flow path between a fuel supply port (1) and a fuel outlet (2), and is characterized by comprising:
the opening degree of the first simulation valve (3) is adjustably connected between the oil supply port (1) and the oil outlet (2);
the opening degree of the second simulation valve (4) is adjustably connected between the first simulation valve (3) and the oil outlet (2);
a measuring unit for measuring a flow rate and a pressure of the fuel flow path; and
and the controller (6) is in signal connection with the first simulation valve (3), the second simulation valve (4) and the measuring unit, and can adjust the opening degree of the first simulation valve (3) according to the set nozzle flow characteristic and adjust the opening degree of the second simulation valve (4) according to the set outlet back pressure characteristic according to the measuring result of the measuring unit.
2. A nozzle simulator as claimed in claim 1, in which the measuring means comprises:
-a first pressure sensor (51) for measuring a first pressure at the inlet of the first analog valve (3);
a second pressure sensor (52) for measuring a second pressure at the outlet of the first analog valve (3); and
-a flow meter (53) for measuring the outlet flow through the first analogue valve (3);
wherein the controller (6) is further configured to: and controlling the opening degree of the first simulation valve (3) according to the pressure difference value of the first pressure and the second pressure and the outlet flow, and controlling the opening degree of the second simulation valve (4) according to the second pressure.
3. The nozzle simulator of claim 2, further comprising:
a first one-way valve (7) connected between the first analogue valve (3) and the second analogue valve (4) for allowing only fuel exceeding a first cracking pressure to flow in one way from the outlet of the first analogue valve (3) to the inlet of the second analogue valve (4);
wherein the first cracking pressure is lower than the minimum pressure difference when the simulated nozzle passes through the flow.
4. The nozzle simulator of claim 3, further comprising:
a second one-way valve (8) connected in parallel to the first analogue valve (3) and the first one-way valve (7) and allowing only fuel exceeding a second cracking pressure to flow in one direction from the inlet of the first analogue valve (3) to the outlet of the second one-way valve (8);
wherein the second cracking pressure is lower than the highest working pressure of the simulated nozzle.
5. The nozzle simulator of claim 3, further comprising:
and the inlet of the overflow valve (9) is connected between the outlet of the first simulation valve (3) and the inlet of the second simulation valve (4), the outlet of the overflow valve is connected with a fuel tank, and the opening pressure is higher than the maximum outlet back pressure of the first simulation valve (3) and lower than the maximum allowable pressure of the second simulation valve (4).
6. The nozzle simulator of claim 2, wherein the nozzle comprises a dual-flow centrifugal nozzle, and the nozzle flow characteristic comprises a pressure differential-flow number characteristic;
the controller (6) is configured to: obtaining a first flow number according to the pressure difference value from a given characteristic curve of the pressure difference value and the flow number; calculating a second number of flows from said pressure difference and said outlet flow by the following flow number calculation formula; comparing the first and second flow quantities to adjust the opening of the first analogue valve (3):
wherein, FN2In the case of the second number of streams,
Δ P is the pressure differential for the outlet flow.
7. A nozzle simulation apparatus according to claim 6, wherein the controller (6) is configured to: -increasing the opening of the first analogue valve (3) when the first number of flows is larger than the second number of flows, and-decreasing the opening of the first analogue valve (3) when the first number of flows is smaller than the second number of flows.
8. The nozzle simulator of claim 6, wherein the outlet back pressure characteristic comprises a flow number-outlet back pressure relationship;
the controller (6) is configured to: comparing the second pressure with the outlet back pressure determined by the flow number-outlet back pressure relationship at the second flow number and increasing the opening of the second analogue valve (4) when the second pressure is greater than the outlet back pressure and decreasing the opening of the second analogue valve (4) when the second pressure is less than the outlet back pressure.
9. The nozzle simulator of claim 2, wherein the nozzle comprises a single-channel centrifugal nozzle, and the nozzle flow characteristic comprises a single-channel centrifugal nozzle flow number calculated by:
wherein, FN3Is the third flow number, CdIs the flow coefficient of the single oil path centrifugal nozzle, AnThe cross section area of the outlet of the single-oil-way centrifugal nozzle is defined, and rho is the density of fuel oil;
the controller (6) is configured to: calculating a third flow number according to the given flow coefficient, the given outlet cross-sectional area and the given fuel density by a given single-oil-way centrifugal nozzle flow number calculation formula; calculating a fourth flow rate from the pressure difference and the outlet flow rate by the following flow rate calculation formula; comparing the third flow number with the fourth flow number to adjust the opening of the first simulation valve (3):
wherein, FN4As a fourth flow rate number, a flow rate of the first flow rate,
Δ P is the pressure differential for the outlet flow.
10. A nozzle simulation apparatus according to claim 9, wherein the controller (6) is configured to: -increasing the opening of the first simulation valve (3) when the third flow number is larger than the fourth flow number, and-decreasing the opening of the first simulation valve (3) when the third flow number is smaller than the fourth flow number.
11. A nozzle simulator according to claim 9, in which the outlet backpressure characteristic comprises a flow number-outlet backpressure relationship;
the controller (6) is configured to: comparing the second pressure with the outlet back pressure determined by the flow number-outlet back pressure relationship at the fourth flow number and increasing the opening of the second analogue valve (4) when the second pressure is greater than the outlet back pressure and decreasing the opening of the second analogue valve (4) when the second pressure is less than the outlet back pressure.
12. A fuel system experiment platform, characterized by, includes:
a nozzle simulator as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 11;
the inlet of the fuel oil distributor calibration device is connected with the oil supply device, and the outlet of the fuel oil distributor calibration device is connected with the oil supply port (1); and
and the fuel control device is in signal connection with the fuel distributor calibration device and the controller (6), can control the fuel supply flow of the fuel distributor calibration device to the fuel supply port (1), controls the opening degrees of the first simulation valve (3) and the second simulation valve (4) through the controller (6), and collects and records the measurement result of the measurement unit through the controller (6).
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