CN113046640A - Forging material for biomass power generation steam turbine rotor and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Forging material for biomass power generation steam turbine rotor and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/02—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silicon
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
- B21J5/00—Methods for forging, hammering, or pressing; Special equipment or accessories therefor
- B21J5/002—Hybrid process, e.g. forging following casting
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
- C21D8/005—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment of ferrous alloys
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
- C21D9/0068—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for particular articles not mentioned below
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- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C33/00—Making ferrous alloys
- C22C33/04—Making ferrous alloys by melting
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/002—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing In, Mg, or other elements not provided for in one single group C22C38/001 - C22C38/60
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
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- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/008—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing tin
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- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/04—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing manganese
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/06—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing aluminium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/42—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with copper
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/44—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with molybdenum or tungsten
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/46—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with vanadium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/60—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing lead, selenium, tellurium, or antimony, or more than 0.04% by weight of sulfur
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Abstract
The invention discloses a forging material for a biomass power generation steam turbine rotor and a preparation method thereof, and relates to the field of preparation of forging materials. The invention aims to solve the technical problem that the existing biomass power generation steam turbine rotor does not have ideal material selection starch. The forging material comprises the following elements: C. mn, Si, P, S, Cr, Ni, Mo, V, Cu, Al, Sn, Sb, As and Fe. The method comprises the following steps: smelting, and freely forging and forming; and (3) heat treatment: and quenching and tempering. Forging material yield strength: not less than 620 MPa; tensile strength: not less than 720 MPa; elongation percentage: more than or equal to 16 percent; reduction of area: not less than 45; impact work: not less than 50J; FATT 50: less than or equal to 50 ℃. The forging material prepared by the invention is suitable for the rotor of the biomass power generation steam turbine.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of forging material preparation.
Background
The biomass electric energy is used as a renewable new energy source, has high stability and small pollution compared with wind energy and solar energy, and is the new energy source with the greatest development and utilization potential. At present, the power of a biomass power generation turbine is within 50MW, the power range is more in the range of 20-30MW, a single rotor structure is adopted, the steam inlet temperature range is 400-540 ℃, the steam exhaust temperature is lower than 50 ℃, and the weight of a rotor is below 10 t. For the rotor under the working condition, the traditional monobloc forged rotor is not suitable, namely, the working temperature of the 1 percent CrMoV steel for the high and medium pressure rotor is below 540 ℃, and is lower than the working temperature of the 3.5NiCrMoV steel for the rotor to be below 400 ℃. If the high-low pressure combined rotor material subjected to the segmented heat treatment is adopted, the defects of high manufacturing difficulty, long manufacturing period and the like exist, and few forging manufacturers are provided with segmented heat treatment equipment and master the technology of the forging. If a sleeved rotor or welded rotor structure is adopted, the defects of high manufacturing technical difficulty, long period, poor long-term operation safety and the like exist. Therefore, for the biomass power generation steam turbine rotor, no ideal material is selected at present.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a forging material for a biomass power generation turbine rotor, aiming at solving the technical problem that the existing biomass power generation turbine rotor does not have ideal material selection starch.
A forging material for a biomass power generation steam turbine rotor comprises the following components in percentage by mass: c: 0.20 to 0.26%, Mn: less than or equal to 0.07%, Si: less than or equal to 0.05 percent, P: less than or equal to 0.006 percent, S: less than or equal to 0.003 percent, Cr: 2.00-2.60%, Ni: 1.30-1.60%, Mo: 1.10-1.40%, V: 0.2 to 0.35%, Cu: less than or equal to 0.10 percent, Al: less than or equal to 0.008 percent, Sn: less than or equal to 0.010 percent, Sb: less than or equal to 0.0015 percent, As: less than or equal to 0.010 percent and the balance of Fe.
The forging material has a J parameter (Si mass percent + Mn mass percent) x (P mass percent + Sn mass percent) x 104≤10。
The preparation method of the forging material for the biomass power generation steam turbine rotor comprises the following steps:
the material comprises the following components in percentage by mass: c: 0.20 to 0.26%, Mn: less than or equal to 0.07%, Si: less than or equal to 0.05 percent, P: less than or equal to 0.006 percent, S: less than or equal to 0.003 percent, Cr: 2.00-2.60%, Ni: 1.30-1.60%, Mo: 1.10-1.40%, V: 0.2 to 0.35%, Cu: less than or equal to 0.10 percent, Al: less than or equal to 0.008 percent, Sn: less than or equal to 0.010 percent, Sb: less than or equal to 0.0015 percent, As: weighing raw materials with the weight percent less than or equal to 0.010 percent and the balance of Fe;
secondly, putting the raw materials weighed in the step one into an electric furnace, and carrying out vacuum carbon deoxidation refining;
thirdly, freely forging and forming the material obtained in the second step;
and fourthly, carrying out heat treatment on the material treated in the third step, controlling the quenching temperature to be 950-1000 ℃, keeping the temperature for more than or equal to 10 hours, carrying out spray cooling, controlling the tempering temperature to be 630-680 ℃, keeping the temperature for more than or equal to 45 hours, and cooling along with the furnace to obtain the forging material.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the forging material prepared by the invention is suitable for the biomass power generation steam turbine rotor, and the forging material has the following yield strength: not less than 620 MPa; tensile strength: not less than 720 MPa; elongation percentage: more than or equal to 16 percent; reduction of area: not less than 45; impact work: not less than 50J; FATT 50: less than or equal to 50 ℃.
The forging material prepared by the invention is suitable for the rotor of the biomass power generation steam turbine.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments listed below, and includes any combination of the specific embodiments.
The first embodiment is as follows: the embodiment provides a forging material for a biomass power generation steam turbine rotor, which comprises the following components in percentage by mass: c: 0.20 to 0.26%, Mn: less than or equal to 0.07%, Si: less than or equal to 0.05 percent, P: less than or equal to 0.006 percent, S: less than or equal to 0.003 percent, Cr: 2.00-2.60%, Ni: 1.30-1.60%, Mo: 1.10-1.40%, V: 0.2 to 0.35%, Cu: less than or equal to 0.10 percent, Al: less than or equal to 0.008 percent, Sn: less than or equal to 0.010 percent, Sb: less than or equal to 0.0015 percent, As: less than or equal to 0.010 percent and the balance of Fe.
The second embodiment is as follows: the first difference between the present embodiment and the specific embodiment is: the forging material J parameter is (Si mass percent + Mn mass percent) × (P mass percent + Sn mass percent) × 104Less than or equal to 10. The rest is the same as the first embodiment.
The third concrete implementation mode: the present embodiment differs from the first or second embodiment in that: the forging material comprises the following components in percentage by mass: c: 0.23%, Mn: 0.06%, Si: 0.03%, P: 0.004%, S: 0.002%, Cr: 2.33%, Ni: 1.42%, Mo: 1.20%, V: 0.22%, Cu: 0.04%, Al: 0.003%, Sn: 0.003%, Sb: 0.0010%, As: 0.004% and the balance Fe. The other is the same as in the first or second embodiment.
The fourth concrete implementation mode: the difference between this embodiment mode and one of the first to third embodiment modes is: the forging material comprises the following components in percentage by mass: c: 0.23%, Mn: 0.06%, Si: 0.05%, P: 0.005%, S: 0.002%, Cr: 2.43%, Ni: 1.48%, Mo: 1.22%, V: 0.20%, Cu: 0.04%, Al: 0.004%, Sn: 0.002%, Sb: 0.0008%, As: 0.002% and the balance Fe. The others are the same as in one of the first to third embodiments.
The fifth concrete implementation mode: the embodiment of the invention relates to a preparation method of a forging material for a biomass power generation steam turbine rotor, which comprises the following steps:
the material comprises the following components in percentage by mass: c: 0.20 to 0.26%, Mn: less than or equal to 0.07%, Si: less than or equal to 0.05 percent, P: less than or equal to 0.006 percent, S: less than or equal to 0.003 percent, Cr: 2.00-2.60%, Ni: 1.30-1.60%, Mo: 1.10-1.40%, V: 0.2 to 0.35%, Cu: less than or equal to 0.10 percent, Al: less than or equal to 0.008 percent, Sn: less than or equal to 0.010 percent, Sb: less than or equal to 0.0015 percent, As: weighing raw materials with the weight percent less than or equal to 0.010 percent and the balance of Fe;
secondly, putting the raw materials weighed in the step one into an electric furnace, and carrying out vacuum carbon deoxidation refining;
thirdly, freely forging and forming the material obtained in the second step;
and fourthly, carrying out heat treatment on the material treated in the third step, controlling the quenching temperature to be 950-1000 ℃, keeping the temperature for more than or equal to 10 hours, carrying out spray cooling, controlling the tempering temperature to be 630-680 ℃, keeping the temperature for more than or equal to 45 hours, and cooling along with the furnace to obtain the forging material.
The sixth specific implementation mode: the fifth embodiment is different from the fifth embodiment in that: and step three, adopting a hydraulic press to perform free forging forming. The rest is the same as the fifth embodiment.
The seventh embodiment: the fifth or sixth embodiment is different from the fifth or sixth embodiment in that: fourthly, controlling the quenching temperature to be 950-960 ℃, and keeping the temperature for 40 h; controlling the tempering temperature to be 630-650 ℃, and keeping the temperature for 50 h. The other is the same as the fifth or sixth embodiment.
The specific implementation mode is eight: the difference between this embodiment mode and one of the fifth to seventh embodiment modes is that: fourthly, controlling the quenching temperature to be 950-960 ℃, and keeping the temperature for 50 h; controlling the tempering temperature to be 630-650 ℃, and keeping the temperature for 60 h. The rest is the same as one of the fifth to seventh embodiments.
The specific implementation method nine: the present embodiment differs from the fifth to eighth embodiment in that: fourthly, controlling the quenching temperature to be 950 ℃ and keeping the temperature for 50 hours; controlling the tempering temperature to be 640 ℃ and the heat preservation time to be 60 h. The rest is the same as the first to eighth embodiments.
The detailed implementation mode is ten: the present embodiment differs from one of the fifth to ninth embodiments in that: step four, obtaining the yield strength of the forging material: not less than 620 MPa; tensile strength: not less than 720 MPa; elongation percentage: more than or equal to 16 percent; reduction of area: not less than 45; impact work: not less than 50J; FATT 50: less than or equal to 50 ℃. The others are the same as in one of the fifth to ninth embodiments.
The following examples were used to demonstrate the beneficial effects of the present invention:
the first embodiment is as follows:
the forging material for the biomass power generation steam turbine rotor comprises the following components in percentage by mass: c: 0.23%, Mn: 0.06%, Si: 0.03%, P: 0.004%, S: 0.002%, Cr: 2.33%, Ni: 1.42%, Mo: 1.20%, V: 0.22%, Cu: 0.04%, Al: 0.003%, Sn: 0.003%, Sb: 0.0010%, As: 0.004% and the balance Fe.
A preparation method of a forging material for a biomass power generation steam turbine rotor specifically comprises the following steps:
the material comprises the following components in percentage by mass: c: 0.23%, Mn: 0.06%, Si: 0.03%, P: 0.004%, S: 0.002%, Cr: 2.33%, Ni: 1.42%, Mo: 1.20%, V: 0.22%, Cu: 0.04%, Al: 0.003%, Sn: 0.003%, Sb: 0.0010%, As: 0.004 percent and the balance of Fe, and weighing the raw materials;
secondly, putting the raw materials weighed in the step one into an electric furnace, and carrying out vacuum carbon deoxidation refining;
thirdly, freely forging and forming the material obtained in the second step;
and fourthly, carrying out heat treatment on the material treated in the third step, controlling the quenching temperature to be 950-960 ℃, keeping the temperature for 40 hours, carrying out spray cooling, controlling the tempering temperature to be 630-650 ℃, keeping the temperature for 50 hours, and carrying out furnace cooling to obtain the forging material.
Wherein the J parameter is 6.3
The forging material obtained in this embodiment:
yield strength: 685MPa
Tensile strength: 810MPa
Elongation percentage: 22 percent
Reduction of area: 73 percent
Impact work: 200J
FATT50:-10.8℃
Example two:
the forging material for the biomass power generation steam turbine rotor comprises the following components in percentage by mass: c: 0.23%, Mn: 0.06%, Si: 0.05%, P: 0.005%, S: 0.002%, Cr: 2.43%, Ni: 1.48%, Mo: 1.22%, V: 0.20%, Cu: 0.04%, Al: 0.004%, Sn: 0.002%, Sb: 0.0008%, As: 0.002% and the balance Fe.
A preparation method of a forging material for a biomass power generation steam turbine rotor specifically comprises the following steps:
the material comprises the following components in percentage by mass: c: 0.23%, Mn: 0.06%, Si: 0.05%, P: 0.005%, S: 0.002%, Cr: 2.43%, Ni: 1.48%, Mo: 1.22%, V: 0.20%, Cu: 0.04%, Al: 0.004%, Sn: 0.002%, Sb: 0.0008%, As: 0.002% and the balance of Fe, and weighing the raw materials;
secondly, putting the raw materials weighed in the step one into an electric furnace, and carrying out vacuum carbon deoxidation refining;
thirdly, freely forging and forming the material obtained in the second step;
and fourthly, carrying out heat treatment on the material treated in the third step, controlling the quenching temperature to be 950-960 ℃, keeping the temperature for 50h, carrying out spray cooling, controlling the tempering temperature to be 630-650 ℃, keeping the temperature for 60h, and carrying out furnace cooling to obtain the forging material.
Wherein the J parameter is 7.7
The forging material obtained in this embodiment:
yield strength: 655MPa
Tensile strength: 775MPa
Elongation percentage: 25 percent of
Reduction of area: 75.5% work on impact: 155J FATT 50: -36.4 ℃.
Claims (10)
1. A forging material for a biomass power generation steam turbine rotor is characterized by comprising the following components in percentage by mass: c: 0.20 to 0.26%, Mn: less than or equal to 0.07%, Si: less than or equal to 0.05 percent, P: less than or equal to 0.006 percent, S: less than or equal to 0.003 percent, Cr: 2.00-2.60%, Ni: 1.30-1.60%, Mo: 1.10-1.40%, V: 0.2 to 0.35%, Cu: less than or equal to 0.10 percent, Al: less than or equal to 0.008 percent, Sn: less than or equal to 0.010 percent, Sb: less than or equal to 0.0015 percent, As: less than or equal to 0.010 percent and the balance of Fe.
2. The forging material for a rotor of a biomass power generation steam turbine according to claim 1, wherein the J parameter (Si mass% plus Mn mass%) x (P mass% plus Sn mass%) x 104≤10。
3. The forging material for the rotor of the biomass power generation steam turbine according to claim 1, wherein the forging material comprises the following components in percentage by mass: c: 0.23%, Mn: 0.06%, Si: 0.03%, P: 0.004%, S: 0.002%, Cr: 2.33%, Ni: 1.42%, Mo: 1.20%, V: 0.22%, Cu: 0.04%, Al: 0.003%, Sn: 0.003%, Sb: 0.0010%, As: 0.004% and the balance Fe.
4. The forging material for the rotor of the biomass power generation steam turbine according to claim 1, wherein the forging material comprises the following components in percentage by mass: c: 0.23%, Mn: 0.06%, Si: 0.05%, P: 0.005%, S: 0.002%, Cr: 2.43%, Ni: 1.48%, Mo: 1.22%, V: 0.20%, Cu: 0.04%, Al: 0.004%, Sn: 0.002%, Sb: 0.0008%, As: 0.002% and the balance Fe.
5. The method for preparing the forging material for the rotor of the biomass power generation steam turbine according to claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
the material comprises the following components in percentage by mass: c: 0.20 to 0.26%, Mn: less than or equal to 0.07%, Si: less than or equal to 0.05 percent, P: less than or equal to 0.006 percent, S: less than or equal to 0.003 percent, Cr: 2.00-2.60%, Ni: 1.30-1.60%, Mo: 1.10-1.40%, V: 0.2 to 0.35%, Cu: less than or equal to 0.10 percent, Al: less than or equal to 0.008 percent, Sn: less than or equal to 0.010 percent, Sb: less than or equal to 0.0015 percent, As: weighing raw materials with the weight percent less than or equal to 0.010 percent and the balance of Fe;
secondly, putting the raw materials weighed in the step one into an electric furnace, and carrying out vacuum carbon deoxidation refining;
thirdly, freely forging and forming the material obtained in the second step;
and fourthly, carrying out heat treatment on the material treated in the third step, controlling the quenching temperature to be 950-1000 ℃, keeping the temperature for more than or equal to 10 hours, carrying out spray cooling, controlling the tempering temperature to be 630-680 ℃, keeping the temperature for more than or equal to 45 hours, and cooling along with the furnace to obtain the forging material.
6. The method for preparing the forging material for the rotor of the biomass power generation steam turbine according to claim 5, wherein the step three is free forging forming by adopting a hydraulic press.
7. The preparation method of the forging material for the rotor of the biomass power generation steam turbine according to claim 5, wherein the quenching temperature is controlled to be 950-960 ℃ in the fourth step, and the heat preservation time is 40 hours; controlling the tempering temperature to be 630-650 ℃, and keeping the temperature for 50 h.
8. The preparation method of the forging material for the rotor of the biomass power generation steam turbine according to claim 5, wherein the quenching temperature is controlled to be 950-960 ℃ in the fourth step, and the heat preservation time is 50 hours; controlling the tempering temperature to be 630-650 ℃, and keeping the temperature for 60 h.
9. The method for preparing the forging material for the rotor of the biomass power generation steam turbine according to claim 5, wherein the quenching temperature is controlled to be 950 ℃ in the fourth step, and the heat preservation time is 50 hours; controlling the tempering temperature to be 640 ℃ and the heat preservation time to be 60 h.
10. The method for preparing the forging material for the rotor of the biomass power generation steam turbine according to claim 5, wherein the fourth step is to obtain the yield strength of the forging material: not less than 620 MPa; tensile strength: not less than 720 MPa; elongation percentage: more than or equal to 16 percent; reduction of area: not less than 45; impact work: not less than 50J; FATT 50: less than or equal to 50 ℃.
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