CN113045260B - High-strength heat-insulation ceramsite concrete and preparation and application thereof - Google Patents
High-strength heat-insulation ceramsite concrete and preparation and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/02—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B38/00—Porous mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramic ware; Preparation thereof
- C04B38/02—Porous mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramic ware; Preparation thereof by adding chemical blowing agents
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- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
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- C04B38/00—Porous mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramic ware; Preparation thereof
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- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/00241—Physical properties of the materials not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00
- C04B2111/00293—Materials impermeable to liquids
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- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
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- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/40—Porous or lightweight materials
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- C04B2201/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values
- C04B2201/30—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values for heat transfer properties such as thermal insulation values, e.g. R-values
- C04B2201/32—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values for heat transfer properties such as thermal insulation values, e.g. R-values for the thermal conductivity, e.g. K-factors
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- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
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- C04B2201/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values
- C04B2201/50—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values for the mechanical strength
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/91—Use of waste materials as fillers for mortars or concrete
Abstract
The invention provides a high-strength heat-preservation ceramsite concrete and preparation and application thereof, wherein the ceramsite concrete comprises a cementing material, aggregate, modified ceramsite, a polycarboxylate superplasticizer and mixing water, wherein the modified ceramsite is subjected to targeted self-made modification and comprises the steps of pretreatment and activation modification, the prepared modified ceramsite is stable in performance, light in weight, high in strength, resistant to weather, provided with an additive and auxiliary cooperation, the heat-preservation effect of the concrete is greatly improved, the phase change of a concrete structure is enhanced and promoted, the mechanical property is remarkably improved, the comprehensive heat-preservation property, the compressive strength, the water absorption and the slump are all remarkably improved, the comprehensive efficiency is excellent, and the ceramsite concrete is worthy of popularization and application.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of concrete, in particular to high-strength heat-insulation ceramsite concrete and preparation and application thereof.
Background
With the development of national wall materials, clay solid bricks are gradually cancelled and limited to be used, although ordinary concrete blocks can replace the clay solid bricks, the requirements of saving 50% of energy are far not met in terms of heat preservation and energy saving, and the research and application of heat preservation and energy saving wall materials are imperative. The prior known heat insulation material is mainly a polystyrene product, but the material has low compressive strength, short service life, no fire resistance and no environmental protection. Accordingly, it is an expected problem to improve the performance of such an internal partition wall, and to improve the reliability of use and environmental suitability.
Therefore, in the process of developing the building field toward multi-functions, a building material, i.e., a lightweight aggregate, has been widely paid attention to the building field because of its versatility in replacing or partially replacing natural stone aggregates. In this sense, the ceramsite, which is the most used variety in the lightweight aggregate, is widely used in the field of building materials, and ceramsite concrete is a development direction of the application.
Generally, the adopted ceramsite concrete has the weight which is 20-30% lighter than that of the common gravel concrete, and has the functions of light weight, high strength, heat insulation, shock resistance, fire resistance and the like. Compared with common concrete, the ceramsite concrete is used as beams, columns and other bearing members, so that the using amount of reinforcing steel bars can be reduced by 20-25%; the structure dead weight is reduced by 20 percent as a whole. Therefore, the composite material has wide application in high-rise buildings, bridge deck pavement, prefabricated boxes and the like. Although the ceramsite concrete is used for such excellent performance, the natural defects still exist, and due to the properties of the ceramsite, namely low strength and easy segregation, after the ceramsite is used for replacing stone aggregates in the concrete, the strength and pumpability of the concrete are inevitably greatly reduced.
In the process of researching ceramsite concrete, in order to obtain high-strength ceramsite concrete, the currently adopted mode is mostly realized by improving the strength of ceramsite, and the requirements of high-quality high-strength ceramsite on raw materials, equipment and the like are particularly strict. On the other hand, in order to ensure the pumpability of ceramsite concrete, the common practice in the industry is to improve the performance of concrete slurry through additives, unfortunately, the practice can only improve the bleeding and segregation conditions of concrete to a certain extent, and the great improvement of the working performance of the ceramsite concrete is difficult to realize. Therefore, the method is an important problem to be solved urgently in the field of construction in the aspect of comprehensively improving the high strength and the high fluidity of the concrete.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems, the invention provides high-strength heat-insulation ceramsite concrete and preparation and application thereof, wherein the modified ceramsite is subjected to targeted self-made modification and comprises the steps of pretreatment and activation modification, the prepared modified ceramsite is stable in performance, light in weight, high in strength, resistant to reinforcement and weather, and provided with additives and auxiliary coordination effects, so that the heat insulation effect of the concrete is greatly improved, the phase change of a concrete structure is enhanced and promoted, the auxiliary coordination cooperation effect among components is strong, the mixing and connection performance among materials is remarkably improved, the mechanical property is remarkably improved, the comprehensive heat insulation performance, the compressive strength, the water absorption rate and the slump are remarkably improved, the comprehensive efficiency is excellent, and the concrete is worthy of popularization and application.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:
the high-strength heat-insulating ceramsite concrete is characterized by comprising a cementing material, aggregate, modified ceramsite, a polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent and mixing water, wherein the preparation method of the modified ceramsite comprises the following steps of,
1) pretreatment: taking ceramsite particles with the particle size of 5-20mm, cleaning, soaking in clear water at 60 ℃ for 20-60min, then sequentially carrying out acid liquor soaking, washing, alkali liquor soaking and washing, and finally drying for later use;
2) activation modification: placing the ceramsite particles obtained by drying in the step 1) into a polyvinyl alcohol aqueous solution, carrying out ultrasonic treatment for 10-15min, then adding a proper amount of chopped fibers, stirring at a high speed for 3-5min, drying in an inert atmosphere, and then carrying out roasting treatment to obtain the ceramsite.
As further optimization of the invention, the cementing material comprises cement PC42.5 and fly ash, and the mass ratio of the cement PC42.5 to the fly ash is 10: 1-2; the aggregate comprises broken stone, slag and medium sand, the mass ratio of the broken stone to the slag is 10:2.5:6-8, and the particle size of the broken stone to the slag is 1-15 mm.
As further optimization of the invention, the high-strength heat-preservation ceramsite concrete also comprises additives, wherein the additives comprise dry ice particles, baking soda, hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose and cassava starch vegetable gum.
As further optimization of the invention, the high-strength heat-insulation ceramsite concrete comprises, by weight, 180 parts of a cementing material, 550 parts of an aggregate 380, 240 parts of a modified ceramsite 150, 1-8 parts of a polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent, 0-50 parts of an additive and 40-100 parts of mixing water; the additive comprises, by weight, 5-8 parts of dry ice particles, 13-18 parts of baking soda, 10-30 parts of hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose and 5-10 parts of cassava starch vegetable gum.
As a further optimization of the invention, the acid liquor soaking in the step 1) is 1.0-1.2mol/L hydrochloric acid solution, and the soaking time is 12-16 h; the alkali liquor soaking is 1.0-1.5mol/L sodium hydroxide solution, and the soaking time is 12-16 h.
As a further optimization of the invention, the polyvinyl alcohol aqueous solution in the step 2) is a 10% polyvinyl alcohol 1788 solution; the chopped fiber filaments are chopped glass fibers or chopped asbestos fibers or a mixture of the chopped glass fibers and the chopped asbestos fibers, and the addition amount of the chopped fiber filaments is 4-7% of the mass of the ceramsite particles.
As a further optimization of the invention, the ultrasonic treatment in the step 2) is specifically 38KHz and 350W; the high-speed stirring is 1500-; the inert atmosphere is nitrogen or carbon dioxide or the mixture of the nitrogen and the carbon dioxide, and the roasting treatment is 600-800 ℃ roasting for 2-4 h.
As further optimization of the invention, the high-strength heat-insulation ceramsite concrete is characterized in that the preparation method comprises the following steps,
1) taking materials according to the parts by weight, blending the aggregate and the modified ceramsite, and uniformly shearing and mixing at a high speed to obtain a first mixed material;
2) adding hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose, cassava starch vegetable gum and a proper amount of mixing water into the first mixed material, stirring for 30s, then adding baking soda into the mixture, and uniformly mixing to obtain a second mixed material;
3) adding the cementing material, the polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent and the residual mixing water into the second mixed material, stirring for 30-90s, then adding the dry ice particles into the second mixed material under the condition of low-speed stirring, and after the addition is finished, quickly stirring for 2-5min to obtain concrete slurry;
4) and grouting the concrete slurry, casting for molding, demolding, and performing autoclaved curing to obtain the high-strength heat-insulation ceramsite concrete product.
As a further optimization of the invention, the stirring speed in the step 2) and the step 3) is 60rpm, the medium-low speed stirring in the step 3) is 30rpm, and the rapid stirring is 80 rpm; the usage amount of the mixing water in the step 2) is 20-40% of the total water amount.
As a further optimization of the invention, the high-strength heat-insulating ceramsite concrete disclosed in any one of claims 1-9 is applied to manufacturing the building heat-insulating light-weight wallboard.
Due to the adoption of the technical scheme, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the modified ceramsite disclosed by the invention is a targeted self-made modification, and comprises the steps of pretreatment and activation modification, the prepared modified ceramsite has stable performance, light weight, high strength, reinforcement and weather resistance, and is also provided with additives and auxiliary matching effects, so that the heat insulation effect of concrete is greatly improved, the phase change of a concrete structure is enhanced and promoted, the mechanical property is remarkably improved, the comprehensive heat insulation property, the compressive strength, the water absorption and the slump are all remarkably improved, the comprehensive efficiency is excellent, and the modified ceramsite is worthy of popularization and application.
The modified ceramsite is reacted with polyvinyl alcohol to be adhered and tackified after being pretreated and activated, the surface connection efficiency is improved, the connection and embedding effects of chopped fiber yarns are effectively promoted, the dispersibility and the uniformity are obviously improved after ultrasonic treatment, then the inert atmosphere is dried, the modified connection efficiency of the ceramsite with high specific surface area is enhanced, the fiber connection stability is obviously improved, and finally, through roasting treatment, on one hand, the polyvinyl alcohol is decomposed at high temperature, the structural porosity is further improved, on the other hand, the structure of the ceramsite can be enhanced, the combination stability of the ceramsite and fibers is improved, and the overall light weight and the reinforcement degree are obviously improved.
The additive is also arranged, the hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose and the cassava starch vegetable gum are firstly used for improving the rheological workability of the aggregate and the modified ceramsite and improving the reaction bonding force among the components, and then the baking soda is added, after uniform mixing, on one hand, the carbon dioxide can be decomposed under the subsequent hydration heat condition, the stirring dispersion rate is improved, the rheological property is promoted, the formed bubbles can also promote and strengthen the surface reaction of the aggregate, the modified ceramsite and the cementing material, in the preparation process, the baking soda is firstly used for pre-desorption heat to provide fine bubbles, and at the same time, the heat absorption and temperature reduction are firstly carried out properly, then the added dry ice further strengthens the heat absorption and temperature reduction and air supply compared with the baking soda, progressive change can be formed (the dry ice is added under the stirring condition, the adding speed can be adjusted according to the situation), the excellent promoting effect on the structural compactness of the concrete slurry is achieved, and the problem influence of the hydration heat on the stress gap, the strength damage and the like of the concrete product is reduced, the finished product has high and stable comprehensive mechanical properties.
In addition, during the addition process of the baking soda and the dry ice, in addition to providing fine bubbles and a heat absorption effect, the formed alkali liquor has a gradually enhanced and gradually strengthened bonding effect on the hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose and the cassava starch vegetable gum, and has an excellent promoting effect on the combination of concrete components. In addition, the alkali liquor has an auxiliary effect on the alkaline concrete material, the influence of acid corrosion and corrosion (steel reinforcement framework) is obviously reduced, and the practical service life is effectively prolonged.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments of the present invention without any inventive step, are within the scope of the present invention.
Example 1:
the high-strength heat-insulation ceramsite concrete is characterized by comprising a cementing material, aggregate, modified ceramsite, a polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent, an additive and mixing water, wherein the additive comprises dry ice particles, baking soda, hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose and cassava starch vegetable gum;
furthermore, the high-strength heat-insulation ceramsite concrete comprises, by weight, 180 parts of a cementing material, 420 parts of aggregate, 200 parts of modified ceramsite, 4 parts of a polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent, 30 parts of an additive and 75 parts of mixing water; the additive comprises 6 parts by weight of dry ice particles, 14 parts by weight of baking soda, 25 parts by weight of hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose and 5 parts by weight of cassava starch vegetable gum.
Wherein the cementing material comprises cement PC42.5 and fly ash, and the mass ratio of the cement PC42.5 to the fly ash is 10: 1; the aggregate comprises broken stone, slag and medium sand, the mass ratio of the broken stone to the slag is 10:2.5:7, and the particle size of the broken stone to the slag is 1-15 mm.
The preparation method of the modified ceramsite comprises the following steps of,
1) pretreatment: taking ceramsite particles with the particle size of 5-20mm, cleaning, soaking in clear water at 60 ℃ for 20-60min, then sequentially carrying out acid liquor soaking, washing, alkali liquor soaking and washing, and finally drying for later use;
2) activation modification: placing the ceramsite particles obtained by drying in the step 1) into a polyvinyl alcohol aqueous solution, carrying out ultrasonic treatment for 10-15min, then adding a proper amount of chopped fibers, stirring at a high speed for 3-5min, drying in an inert atmosphere, and then carrying out roasting treatment to obtain the ceramsite.
Soaking in acid liquor in the step 1), wherein the acid liquor is 1.0mol/L hydrochloric acid solution, and soaking for 15 hours; soaking in alkaline solution, specifically 1.0mol/L sodium hydroxide solution, for 15 h.
The polyvinyl alcohol aqueous solution in the step 2) is 10% polyvinyl alcohol 1788 solution; the chopped fiber filaments are a mixture of chopped glass fibers and chopped asbestos fibers (the mass ratio is 1:1), and the addition amount of the chopped fiber filaments is 5% of the mass of the ceramsite particles; and the ultrasonic treatment in the step 2) is specifically 38KHz and 350W; stirring at high speed of 1500 rpm; the inert atmosphere is nitrogen, and the roasting treatment is roasting for 3 hours at 800 ℃.
Based on the proportion and preparation of the raw materials, the high-strength heat-insulation ceramsite concrete has the following preparation method,
1) taking materials according to the parts by weight, blending the aggregate and the modified ceramsite, and uniformly shearing and mixing at a high speed (800rpm) to obtain a first mixed material;
2) adding hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose, cassava starch vegetable gum and a proper amount of mixing water (20-40 wt%), stirring at 60rpm for 30s, adding sodium bicarbonate, and stirring at 60rpm to obtain a second mixing material;
3) adding the cementing material, the polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent and the residual mixing water (60-80 wt%) into the second mixed material, stirring at 60rpm for 30-90s, then adding the dry ice particles into the mixture under the condition of low-speed stirring at 30rpm, and after the addition is finished, quickly stirring at 80rpm for 2-5min to obtain concrete slurry;
4) and grouting the concrete slurry, casting for molding, demolding, and performing autoclaved curing to obtain the high-strength heat-insulation ceramsite concrete product which can be used for building heat-insulation light wall boards.
Example 2:
the high-strength heat-insulation ceramsite concrete is characterized by comprising a cementing material, aggregate, modified ceramsite, a polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent, an additive and mixing water, wherein the additive comprises dry ice particles, baking soda, hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose and cassava starch vegetable gum;
furthermore, the high-strength heat-insulation ceramsite concrete comprises, by weight, 150 parts of a cementing material, 380 parts of aggregate, 180 parts of modified ceramsite, 3 parts of a polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent, 40 parts of an additive and 80 parts of mixing water; the additive comprises 6 parts by weight of dry ice particles, 15 parts by weight of baking soda, 20 parts by weight of hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose and 10 parts by weight of cassava starch vegetable gum.
Wherein the cementing material comprises cement PC42.5 and fly ash, and the mass ratio of the cement PC42.5 to the fly ash is 10: 1; the aggregate comprises broken stone, slag and medium sand, the mass ratio of the broken stone to the slag is 10:2.5:8, and the particle size of the broken stone to the slag is 1-15 mm.
The preparation method of the modified ceramsite comprises the following steps of,
1) pretreatment: taking ceramsite particles with the particle size of 5-20mm, cleaning, soaking in clear water at 60 ℃ for 20-60min, then sequentially carrying out acid liquor soaking, washing, alkali liquor soaking and washing, and finally drying for later use;
2) activation modification: placing the ceramsite particles obtained by drying in the step 1) into a polyvinyl alcohol aqueous solution, carrying out ultrasonic treatment for 10-15min, then adding a proper amount of chopped fibers, stirring at a high speed for 3-5min, drying in an inert atmosphere, and then carrying out roasting treatment to obtain the ceramsite.
Soaking in acid liquor in the step 1), wherein the acid liquor is 1.2mol/L hydrochloric acid solution, and soaking for 12 hours; the alkali liquor soaking is 1.5mol/L sodium hydroxide solution, and the soaking time is 12 h.
The polyvinyl alcohol aqueous solution in the step 2) is 10% polyvinyl alcohol 1788 solution; the chopped fiber filaments are a mixture of chopped glass fibers and chopped asbestos fibers (the mass ratio is 1:1), and the addition amount of the chopped fiber filaments is 5% of the mass of the ceramsite particles; and the ultrasonic treatment in the step 2) is specifically 38KHz and 350W; stirring at high speed of 1500 rpm; the inert atmosphere is nitrogen, and the roasting treatment is roasting for 3 hours at 800 ℃.
Based on the proportion and preparation of the raw materials, the preparation method of the high-strength heat-insulation ceramsite concrete is the same as that in example 1.
Example 3:
the high-strength heat-insulation ceramsite concrete is characterized by comprising a cementing material, aggregate, modified ceramsite, a polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent, an additive and mixing water, wherein the additive comprises dry ice particles, baking soda, hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose and cassava starch vegetable gum;
furthermore, the high-strength heat-insulation ceramsite concrete comprises, by weight, 180 parts of a cementing material, 450 parts of aggregate, 150 parts of modified ceramsite, 3 parts of a polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent, 40 parts of an additive and 70 parts of mixing water; the additive comprises, by weight, 5 parts of dry ice particles, 14 parts of baking soda, 15 parts of hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose and 10 parts of cassava starch vegetable gum.
Wherein the cementing material comprises cement PC42.5 and fly ash, and the mass ratio of the cement PC42.5 to the fly ash is 10: 2; the aggregate comprises broken stone, slag and medium sand, the mass ratio of the broken stone to the slag is 10:2.5:7, and the particle size of the broken stone to the slag is 1-15 mm.
The preparation method of the modified ceramsite comprises the following steps of,
1) pretreatment: taking ceramsite particles with the particle size of 5-20mm, cleaning, soaking in clear water at 60 ℃ for 20-60min, then sequentially carrying out acid liquor soaking, washing, alkali liquor soaking and washing, and finally drying for later use;
2) activation modification: placing the ceramsite particles obtained by drying in the step 1) in a polyvinyl alcohol aqueous solution, carrying out ultrasonic treatment for 10-15min, then adding a proper amount of chopped fibers, stirring at a high speed for 3-5min, drying in an inert atmosphere, and then carrying out roasting treatment to obtain the ceramsite particles.
Soaking in acid liquor in the step 1), wherein the acid liquor is 1.2mol/L hydrochloric acid solution, and soaking for 15 hours; soaking in alkaline solution, specifically 1.5mol/L sodium hydroxide solution, for 15 h.
The polyvinyl alcohol aqueous solution in the step 2) is 10% polyvinyl alcohol 1788 solution; the chopped fiber filaments are a mixture of chopped glass fibers and chopped asbestos fibers (the mass ratio is 1:1), and the addition amount of the chopped fiber filaments is 6% of the mass of the ceramsite particles; and the ultrasonic treatment in the step 2) is specifically 38KHz and 350W; stirring at a high speed of 1600 rpm; the inert atmosphere is nitrogen, and the roasting treatment is roasting for 4 hours at the temperature of 600 ℃.
Based on the proportion and preparation of the raw materials, the preparation method of the high-strength heat-insulation ceramsite concrete is the same as that in example 1.
Example 4:
the high-strength heat-insulation ceramsite concrete is characterized by comprising a cementing material, aggregate, modified ceramsite, a polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent, an additive and mixing water, wherein the additive comprises dry ice particles, baking soda, hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose and cassava starch vegetable gum;
furthermore, the high-strength heat-insulation ceramsite concrete comprises, by weight, 160 parts of a cementing material, 500 parts of aggregate, 200 parts of modified ceramsite, 4 parts of a polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent, 50 parts of an additive and 90 parts of mixing water; the additive comprises 8 parts of dry ice particles, 13 parts of baking soda, 30 parts of hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose and 10 parts of cassava starch vegetable gum.
Wherein the cementing material comprises cement PC42.5 and fly ash, and the mass ratio of the cement PC42.5 to the fly ash is 10: 2; the aggregate comprises broken stone, slag and medium sand, the mass ratio of the broken stone to the slag is 10:2.5:8, and the particle size of the broken stone to the slag is 1-15 mm.
The preparation method of the modified ceramsite comprises the following steps of,
1) pretreatment: taking ceramsite particles with the particle size of 5-20mm, cleaning, soaking in clear water at 60 ℃ for 20-60min, then sequentially carrying out acid liquor soaking, washing, alkali liquor soaking and washing, and finally drying for later use;
2) activation modification: placing the ceramsite particles obtained by drying in the step 1) into a polyvinyl alcohol aqueous solution, carrying out ultrasonic treatment for 10-15min, then adding a proper amount of chopped fibers, stirring at a high speed for 3-5min, drying in an inert atmosphere, and then carrying out roasting treatment to obtain the ceramsite.
Soaking in acid liquor in the step 1), wherein the acid liquor is 1.2mol/L hydrochloric acid solution, and soaking for 12 hours; the alkali liquor soaking is 1.0mol/L sodium hydroxide solution, and soaking is carried out for 15 h.
The polyvinyl alcohol aqueous solution in the step 2) is 10% polyvinyl alcohol 1788 solution; the chopped fiber filaments are a mixture of chopped glass fibers and chopped asbestos fibers (the mass ratio is 1:1), and the addition amount of the chopped fiber filaments is 5% of the mass of the ceramsite particles; and the ultrasonic treatment in the step 2) is specifically 38KHz and 350W; stirring at high speed of 1500 rpm; the inert atmosphere is nitrogen or carbon dioxide or the mixture of the nitrogen and the carbon dioxide, and the roasting treatment is roasting for 4 hours at the temperature of 600 ℃.
Based on the proportion and preparation of the raw materials, the preparation method of the high-strength heat-insulation ceramsite concrete is the same as that in example 1.
Example 5:
the high-strength heat-insulation ceramsite concrete is characterized by comprising 180 parts by weight of cementing material, 480 parts by weight of aggregate, 240 parts by weight of modified ceramsite, 8 parts by weight of polycarboxylic acid water reducer and 50 parts by weight of mixing water;
wherein the cementing material comprises cement PC42.5 and fly ash, and the mass ratio of the cement PC42.5 to the fly ash is 10: 1; the aggregate comprises broken stone, slag and medium sand, the mass ratio of the broken stone to the slag is 10:2.5:8, and the particle size of the broken stone to the slag is 1-15 mm.
The preparation method of the modified ceramsite comprises the following steps of,
1) pretreatment: taking ceramsite particles with the particle size of 5-20mm, cleaning, soaking in clear water at 60 ℃ for 20-60min, then sequentially performing acid liquor soaking, washing, alkali liquor soaking and washing, and finally drying for later use;
2) activation modification: placing the ceramsite particles obtained by drying in the step 1) into a polyvinyl alcohol aqueous solution, carrying out ultrasonic treatment for 10-15min, then adding a proper amount of chopped fibers, stirring at a high speed for 3-5min, drying in an inert atmosphere, and then carrying out roasting treatment to obtain the ceramsite.
In the step 1), the acid liquor is soaked into 1.0mol/L hydrochloric acid solution for 12 hours; the alkali liquor soaking is 1.0mol/L sodium hydroxide solution, and the soaking time is 12 h.
In the step 2), the polyvinyl alcohol aqueous solution is 10% polyvinyl alcohol 1788 solution; the chopped fiber filaments are a mixture of chopped glass fibers and chopped asbestos fibers (the mass ratio is 1:1), and the addition amount of the chopped fiber filaments is 7% of the mass of the ceramsite particles. And the ultrasonic treatment in the step 2) is specifically 38KHz and 350W; stirring at a high speed of 1600 rpm; the inert atmosphere is nitrogen or carbon dioxide or the mixture of the nitrogen and the carbon dioxide, and the roasting treatment is roasting for 3 hours at 800 ℃.
Based on the proportion and preparation of the raw materials, the high-strength heat-preservation ceramsite concrete is prepared by the following steps,
1) taking materials according to the weight part, blending the aggregate and the modified ceramsite, and uniformly mixing the materials by high-speed shearing (800rpm) to obtain a first mixed material;
2) adding the cementing material, the polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent and the mixing water into the first mixed material, firstly stirring at a low speed (50rpm) for 30-90s, and then quickly stirring at a high speed (80rpm) for 3-8min to obtain concrete slurry;
3) and grouting the concrete slurry, casting for molding, demolding, and performing autoclaved curing to obtain the high-strength heat-insulation ceramsite concrete product which can be used for building heat-insulation light wall boards.
Blank example 1:
based on the example 1, the modified ceramsite is removed and replaced by the ordinary ceramsite, and the ceramsite concrete is prepared under the same conditions.
Blank example 2:
based on the example 5, the modified ceramsite is removed and replaced by the ordinary ceramsite, and the ceramsite concrete is prepared under the same conditions.
The performance test of the ceramsite concrete prepared in the examples 1-5 and the ceramsite concrete prepared in the comparative examples 1-2 is carried out, and the data is as follows:
according to the table, the modified ceramsite has an excellent performance strengthening effect, is further reinforced by matching with an additive, remarkably improves the water reducing effect and the heat preservation effect, remarkably improves the comprehensive performance of concrete, greatly improves the application quality, has high comprehensive benefit ratio, and is worthy of popularization and application.
It is noted that, herein, relational terms such as first and second, and the like may be used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Also, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising an … …" does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.
The above examples are only intended to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, but not to limit it; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; and such modifications or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the corresponding technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. The high-strength heat-insulating ceramsite concrete is characterized by comprising a cementing material, aggregate, modified ceramsite, a polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent and mixing water, wherein the preparation method of the modified ceramsite comprises the following steps of,
1) pretreatment: taking ceramsite particles with the particle size of 5-20mm, cleaning, soaking in clear water at 60 ℃ for 20-60min, then sequentially performing acid liquor soaking, washing, alkali liquor soaking and washing, and finally drying for later use;
soaking in acid liquor in the step 1), wherein the acid liquor is 1.0-1.2mol/L hydrochloric acid solution, and soaking for 12-16 h; soaking in alkali solution of 1.0-1.5mol/L sodium hydroxide solution for 12-16 hr;
2) activation modification: placing the ceramsite particles obtained by drying in the step 1) into a polyvinyl alcohol aqueous solution, carrying out ultrasonic treatment for 10-15min, then adding a proper amount of chopped fibers, stirring at a high speed for 3-5min, drying in an inert atmosphere, and then carrying out roasting treatment to obtain the ceramsite;
the polyvinyl alcohol aqueous solution in the step 2) is 10% polyvinyl alcohol 1788 solution; the chopped fiber filaments are chopped glass fibers or chopped asbestos fibers or a mixture of the chopped glass fibers and the chopped asbestos fibers, and the addition amount of the chopped fiber filaments is 4-7% of the mass of the ceramsite particles;
the high-strength heat-preservation ceramsite concrete also comprises additives, wherein the additives comprise dry ice particles, baking soda, hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose and cassava starch vegetable gum;
the high-strength heat-insulation ceramsite concrete comprises, by weight, 180 parts of a cementing material, 550 parts of an aggregate, 240 parts of a modified ceramsite, 1-8 parts of a polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent, 0-50 parts of an additive and 40-100 parts of mixing water; the additive comprises, by weight, 5-8 parts of dry ice particles, 13-18 parts of baking soda, 10-30 parts of hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose and 5-10 parts of cassava starch vegetable gum.
2. The high-strength thermal-insulation ceramsite concrete according to claim 1, wherein the high-strength thermal-insulation ceramsite concrete comprises: the cementing material comprises cement PC42.5 and fly ash, and the mass ratio of the cement PC42.5 to the fly ash is 10: 1-2; the aggregate comprises broken stone, slag and medium sand, the mass ratio of the broken stone to the slag is 10:2.5:6-8, and the particle size of the broken stone to the slag is 1-15 mm.
3. The high-strength thermal-insulation ceramsite concrete according to claim 1, wherein the high-strength thermal-insulation ceramsite concrete comprises: the ultrasonic treatment in the step 2) is specifically 38KHz and 350W; the high-speed stirring is 1500-; the inert atmosphere is nitrogen or carbon dioxide or the mixture of the nitrogen and the carbon dioxide, and the roasting treatment is 600-800 ℃ roasting for 2-4 h.
4. The high-strength thermal-insulation ceramsite concrete according to claim 1, which is prepared by the following steps,
1) taking materials according to the parts by weight, blending the aggregate and the modified ceramsite, and uniformly shearing and mixing at a high speed to obtain a first mixed material;
2) adding hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose, cassava starch vegetable gum and a proper amount of mixing water into the first mixed material, stirring for 30s, then adding baking soda into the mixture, and uniformly mixing to obtain a second mixed material;
3) adding the cementing material, the polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent and the residual mixing water into the second mixed material, stirring for 30-90s, then adding the dry ice particles into the second mixed material under the condition of low-speed stirring, and after the addition is finished, quickly stirring for 2-5min to obtain concrete slurry;
4) and grouting the concrete slurry, casting and molding, demolding, and then performing autoclaved curing to obtain the high-strength heat-preservation ceramsite concrete product.
5. The high-strength thermal-insulation ceramsite concrete according to claim 4, wherein the stirring speed in step 2) and step 3) is 60rpm, the low-speed stirring in step 3) is 30rpm, and the rapid stirring is 80 rpm; the usage amount of the mixing water in the step 2) is 20-40% of the total water amount.
6. The high-strength heat-insulating ceramsite concrete disclosed in any one of claims 1-5 is applied to manufacturing building heat-insulating light-weight wallboards.
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