CN113042515A - Remediation method for heavy metal-antibiotic-resistance gene contaminated soil - Google Patents
Remediation method for heavy metal-antibiotic-resistance gene contaminated soil Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for repairing antibiotic-heavy metal contaminated soil and preventing and controlling antibiotic resistance gene transmission by combining biomass charcoal and hyperaccumulator, belonging to the technical field of composite contaminated soil repair. The combined action of the biomass charcoal and the hyperaccumulator plumbago can effectively adsorb antibiotics and heavy metals in the passivated soil, and simultaneously provides a carrier for microbial colonization and implantation to inhibit the migration of pathogenic strains carrying antibiotic resistance genes; meanwhile, the soil can be improved, the plant growth is promoted, and the restoration effect of the sedum plumbizincicola on the polluted soil is enhanced. According to the invention, the improvement of the ecological environment functional diversity and stability of the soil restoration is realized by means of the synergistic resistance control effect of the super-enrichment plants on the absorption and enrichment of soil heavy metals and antibiotics and the absorption and reduction of biomass charcoal on the antibiotic resistance genes, so that the soil restoration technology is a soil environment restoration technology which is efficient, broad-spectrum, green, environment-friendly and low in price, and has a wide application prospect.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of composite contaminated soil remediation, and particularly relates to a method for remediating heavy metal-antibiotic contaminated soil and preventing and controlling antibiotic resistance gene propagation by combining biomass charcoal and hyperaccumulator.
Background
Soil is an important component of the ecological environment and also the material foundation on which organisms live. However, with the increasing frequency of activities such as human industry and agriculture, the soil pollution in China is more and more serious. Especially, the content of antibiotics and metal elements in soil exceeds the standard seriously, which causes multiple pollution to the environment and is concerned by the society. Generally, antibiotics and heavy metals are widely applied in livestock and poultry breeding industry, mainly for preventing animal diseases, various heavy metal elements and antibiotic components are added into livestock and poultry feed, the addition amount of the heavy metal elements and the antibiotic components is often higher than the actual required amount of livestock and poultry growth, and as the livestock and poultry cannot completely absorb the elements, the residual heavy metals and antibiotics are discharged into the environment along with excrement. The long-term cross influence of antibiotics and heavy metals causes compound pollution to livestock and poultry breeding plants and surrounding soil, and bacteria generate mechanisms such as synergy and cross on the resistance of the antibiotics and the heavy metals, so that the pollution of antibiotic resistance genes is aggravated. The kinds and contents of pollutants such as antibiotics and heavy metals in the soil are continuously increased, so that the ecological balance is seriously damaged, and the human health is threatened. In addition, it is worth noting that, unlike chemical pollutants, antibiotic resistance genes, which are novel pollutants, mainly take plasmids as carrying vectors, and gene level diffusion can occur between the same or different genera, so that the antibiotic resistance genes are migrated and transformed in different environmental media, and even can be transmitted to human bodies through diet and other ways, thereby seriously harming public health.
Phytoremediation is the use of green plants and microorganisms to enrich or decompose pollutants to achieve the purpose of pollution removal, remediation or remediation. The phytoremediation objects are soil and water bodies polluted by heavy metals, organic matters or radioactive elements. Research shows that the plant can purify pollutants in soil or water through the functions of absorption, volatilization, root filtration, degradation, stabilization and the like of the plant to achieve the aim of purifying the environment, so that the plant restoration is a green technology which has great potential and is developing to eliminate environmental pollution. Hyper-enriched plants, also called hyper-accumulated crops, have the following 3 basic characteristics: 1) the heavy metals absorbed by plants are mostly distributed on the overground part; 2) the concentration of a certain element in the body is more than a certain critical value (more than 100 times of that of a common plant under the same growth condition); 3) can normally grow on the heavy metal contaminated soil, and the heavy metal poisoning phenomenon can not occur. Therefore, the hyper-enriched plant has higher biological enrichment capacity and tolerance capacity to pollutants, plays an important role in relieving organic matters and/or toxic metal pollution in soil, and has greater application potential in plant restoration.
The biomass charcoal is similar to black charcoal, is a pyrolysis product of an organic material under a high-temperature condition, and is considered as an environment-friendly functional material with the characteristics of large specific surface area, rich oxygen-containing functional groups, developed void structures and the like. The document shows that the biomass charcoal is added into the soil around livestock and poultry farms, medical waste treatment plants and refuse landfills, and the propagation and diffusion of antibiotic resistance genes in a soil-plant system are efficiently prevented and controlled through the effects of blocking, adsorbing and reducing. In addition, the biomass charcoal can improve soil nutrients, the pH value of soil and the soil structure, further promote plant growth and improve plant biomass.
Therefore, the biomass charcoal and the hyper-enriched plant have the potential of combined application, and the biomass charcoal can promote the growth of the hyper-enriched plant and improve the repair efficiency of the hyper-enriched plant to the polluted soil while reducing and preventing the propagation of antibiotic resistance genes.
In recent years, more and more studies have noticed that the livestock manure-soil-crop system causes accumulation and transmission of heavy metals, antibiotics and antibiotic resistance genes in the environment, and threatens human health through the food chain by means of crop absorption enrichment or horizontal gene migration between microorganisms. In the prior art, multiple studies are focused on the detection and removal of chemical pollutants such as heavy metals, pesticides and antibiotics in crops, or the migration and propagation of antibiotic resistance genes in a soil-plant system are simply observed, so that the pollution process that the chemical pollutants (antibiotics and heavy metals) and novel pollutants (antibiotic resistance genes) in animal manure coexist commonly and are inseparable is ignored. Through related literature reference and patent retrieval, the public publication and acceptance of a repair technology for repairing antibiotic-heavy metal combined contaminated soil by combining biomass charcoal and super-enriched plants and simultaneously preventing and controlling the propagation and diffusion of antibiotic resistance genes in a soil-plant system are not found. Therefore, the development of a prevention and control method which can effectively repair and remove heavy metals and antibiotics in soil and prevent and control migration and enrichment of antibiotic resistance genes to plants has very important practical significance.
Disclosure of Invention
1. Objects of the invention
The invention aims to provide a method for jointly repairing antibiotic-heavy metal contaminated soil by using biomass charcoal-hyper-enriching plants and simultaneously preventing and controlling antibiotic resistance gene transmission. The method realizes the improvement of the ecological environment functional diversity and stability of the restored soil by means of the synergistic inhibition and control effects of the super-enriched plants on the absorption, enrichment and degradation of soil heavy metals and antibiotics and the adsorption and reduction of biomass charcoal on antibiotic resistance genes, and is an agricultural environment restoration technology with high efficiency, broad spectrum, environmental protection and low price.
2. Technical scheme
In order to achieve the above purpose of the present invention, the following technical solutions are adopted:
a method for repairing composite contaminated soil by combining biomass charcoal and plants comprises (1) adding the biomass charcoal into the composite contaminated soil, adjusting the field water capacity to be 60% -70% of the maximum field water capacity, and balancing for 7-10 days; (2) and planting hyper-enriched plants on the balanced soil.
Preferably, the biomass charcoal is corn stalks, and the corn stalks have wide sources, low economic cost and convenient popularization and utilization.
Preferably, the preparation method of the corn stalk biomass charcoal comprises the steps of (1) cleaning corn stalks and drying the corn stalks; (2) transferring the dried corn straws into a reactor of a straw charcoal making device, starting temperature programming from 200 ℃ to 600 ℃ under a low-oxygen condition, and discharging no black smoke in a reaction hearth to prepare biomass charcoal; (3) after cooling to room temperature, the prepared biomass charcoal is ground and sieved. Wherein, the straw charcoal-making device reactor refers to the patent granted by CN200920232191.9 of the applicant.
Preferably, the washing of the corn stalks comprises washing with tap water and deionized water in sequence.
Preferably, the drying comprises drying in an electric heating air blowing drying oven for 12 hours at 80 ℃.
Preferably, the temperature rise procedure is that the temperature rises at 10-20 ℃/min and is kept for 1-2 h at each temperature node of 300 ℃, 400 ℃ and 500 ℃.
Preferably, the sieving is 60-100 meshes, and the particle size of the prepared biomass charcoal is 60-100 meshes. Furthermore, 100-mesh is selected, the finer the grinding is, the larger the specific surface area is, and the better the adsorption effect is.
Preferably, the pollutant in the composite contaminated soil comprises heavy metal, and/or antibiotic resistance gene.
Preferably, the heavy metal comprises Cd and/or Zn.
Preferably, the antibiotic comprises oxytetracycline.
Preferably, the antibiotic resistance gene includes at least one of aminoglycoside, β -lactam, chloramphenicol, fluoroquinolone, macrolide, multidrug resistance, tetracycline, trimethoprim, and vancomycin resistance genes.
Preferably, the mass ratio of the added corn straw biomass charcoal to the composite contaminated soil is 1 (15-25). Further, the mass ratio of the added corn straw biomass charcoal to the composite contaminated soil is 1: 20.
Preferably, the hyper-enrichment plant comprises sedum plumbizincicola, and sedum plumbizincicola has the ability of hyper-enriching heavy metals Zn and Cd.
Preferably, the planting mode of the sedum plumbizincicola is cuttage, sedum plumbizincicola seedlings with consistent growth vigor are selected for cuttage and transplanted into balanced composite contaminated soil, and furthermore, the cuttage depth of the seedlings is controlled to be 4-6 cm.
Preferably, the biomass charcoal-Sedum plumbizincicola combined restoration cycle is 50-70 days from the transplanting date.
3. Advantageous effects
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) the method for jointly repairing the composite contaminated soil by using the biomass charcoal and the plants, disclosed by the invention, has the advantages that the biomass charcoal is a carbon-rich solid generated by low-temperature cracking of biomass under an oxygen-limited condition, contains a large number of oxygen-containing functional groups such as carboxyl, carbonyl, lactone group and hydroxyl and a large specific surface area besides a developed pore structure, is fully combined with the soil, and the diffusion of broad-spectrum resistance-control pollutants is realized without introducing other chemical pollutants to cause secondary pollution by adsorbing antibiotics, heavy metals and antibiotic resistance genes into the surface and the inner part of micropores of the biomass charcoal; simultaneously, a carrier is provided for the microbial colonization bed, and the migration of pathogenic strains carrying drug-resistant genes is inhibited;
(2) the method for repairing the composite contaminated soil by combining the biomass charcoal and the plants can fully utilize the superior performances of soil improvement, fertilizer preservation and water preservation of the biomass charcoal and promote the growth of the hyper-enriched plants, as shown in figure 1, after the biomass charcoal is applied, the overground biomass of the Sedum plumbizincicola can be increased from 2.79 g/plant (dry weight) to 7.59 g/plant (dry weight), the repairing efficiency of the plants on the contaminated soil is further enhanced, the biomass charcoal and the plant are cooperated to promote the repair and improvement of the contaminated soil, and the use of chemical fertilizers is reduced;
(3) according to the method for repairing the composite contaminated soil by combining the biomass charcoal and the plants, a good rhizosphere micro-domain environment is constructed by improving the biomass charcoal and hyper-enriching plant root exudates, as shown in fig. 6 and 8, so that the stability of a soil ecological structure and the diversity of microorganism types are maintained;
(4) according to the method for repairing the composite contaminated soil by combining the biomass charcoal and the plants, the composite contaminated soil is repaired by directly absorbing and degrading heavy metals by the hyper-enrichment plants and promoting the colonization of rhizosphere microorganisms and the degradation of antibiotics by the rhizosphere microorganisms by root secretion;
(5) the method for repairing the composite contaminated soil by combining the biomass charcoal and the plants has the characteristics of low cost, simple operation and convenient implementation, can beautify the environment, and has wide application prospect for repairing the high-concentration composite contaminated soil around a large number of livestock and poultry farms in China.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is an aboveground biomass of Sedum plumbizincicola;
FIG. 2 shows the content of heavy metal exchange Cd in soil;
FIG. 3 shows the effect of Sedum plumbizincicola on the enrichment of heavy metal Cd;
FIG. 4 is the content of oxytetracycline in the soil;
FIG. 5 shows the effect of Sedum plumbizincicola on oxytetracycline absorption;
FIG. 6 shows the number of types of antibiotics resistance genes detected in soil;
FIG. 7 shows the number of species detected in Sedum plumbizincicola by each antibiotic resistance gene;
FIG. 8 is the absolute abundance of each antibiotic resistance gene in soil;
FIG. 9 shows the absolute abundance of various antibiotic resistance genes in Sedum plumbizincicola.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described with reference to specific examples.
Example 1
In the embodiment, the biomass charcoal is prepared by using the corn straws, the corn straws have wide sources and low economic cost, and the specific implementation steps are as follows:
(1) washing the corn straws with tap water and deionized water in sequence, and drying in an electrothermal blowing drying oven at 80 ℃ for 12 hours;
(2) transferring the dried corn straws to a straw charcoal-making device reactor (disclosed in CN200920232191.9 for details), carrying out temperature programming under a low-oxygen condition, starting from 200 ℃, heating at 10 ℃/min, keeping the temperature at 300 ℃, 400 ℃ and 500 ℃ for 1.5h respectively until the temperature is raised to 600 ℃, and closing the charcoal-making device to prepare biomass charcoal when no black smoke is discharged from a reaction furnace chamber;
(3) after cooling to room temperature, the prepared biomass charcoal is ground and sieved by a 100-mesh sieve.
The physicochemical properties of the prepared biomass charcoal were measured, and its pH was 9.72, cation exchange capacity was 7.14cmol/kg, total carbon was 558.7g/kg, C/O ratio was 7.8, and ash was 71.4 g/kg.
Example 2
In the example, contaminated soil was prepared, wherein the soil to be tested was taken from 0-20cm of a farmland cultivated layer in Xuan City, Anhui province, and is typical acidic laterite, and heavy metal (Cd) and antibiotic (oxytetracycline) compound contaminated soil was prepared by an addition method.
Through detection, the basic physical and chemical properties of the soil are as follows: sand (10.08%), powder (56.04%), clay (33.88%), pH 3.63, cation exchange capacity 12.7cmol/kg, total organic carbon 7.32g/kg, total nitrogen 0.76g/kg, total phosphorus 0.42g/kg, total potassium 11.8g/kg, quick-acting nitrogen 69.8mg/kg, quick-acting phosphorus 29.4mg/kg and quick-acting potassium 144 mg/kg.
In order to simulate the practical situation of antibiotic and heavy metal pollution around the livestock and poultry breeding field, the concentration of Cd is 5mg/kg, and the concentration of oxytetracycline is 10 mg/kg.
After the soil is naturally dried, cadmium pollution treatment is carried out on the soil in the form of cadmium nitrate, namely a certain amount of cadmium nitrate is weighed and dissolved in ultrapure water, and the cadmium nitrate is uniformly mixed with the soil to ensure that the concentration of cadmium element is 5 mg/kg. And then weighing a proper amount of oxytetracycline to be dissolved in a small amount of methanol, uniformly mixing with about 500g of the cadmium-polluted soil, putting the mixture into a fume hood overnight, and fully and uniformly mixing with the remaining soil after the methanol is completely volatilized, wherein the concentration of the oxytetracycline in the soil is 10 mg/kg. Adjusting the water content of the soil to be 60% -70% of the maximum field water capacity, and balancing for 7-10 days to obtain the heavy metal-antibiotic composite contaminated soil.
Example 3
In the embodiment, the effect of the biomass charcoal-plant combined remediation of the composite contaminated soil is detected through a pot experiment.
The potting experiment was set up with three treatment groups in total:
the biomass charcoal-Sedum plumbizincicola combined treatment group comprises: naturally air-drying the composite contaminated soil, sieving the soil with a 10-mesh sieve, mixing the soil with biomass charcoal according to the mass ratio of 1:20 (namely 5% of the adding amount), and meanwhile, cutting the rhodiola rosea seedlings, wherein the cutting depth of the seedlings is controlled at 5 cm.
② biomass charcoal processing group: naturally air-drying the composite contaminated soil, sieving the soil with a 10-mesh sieve, and mixing the soil with the biomass charcoal according to the mass ratio of 1:20 (namely 5 percent of the adding amount);
③ the Sedum plumbizincicola processing group: naturally air-drying the composite contaminated soil, and cutting rhodiola rosea seedlings in the composite contaminated soil after sieving the soil by a sieve of 10 meshes, wherein the cutting depth of the seedlings is controlled to be 5 cm;
wherein, the composite contaminated soil is respectively filled in plastic pots with the diameter of 12cm and the height of 8cm, the soil weight of each pot is 1kg, and 3 pots are arranged for each treatment. The restoration period is 60 days from the transplantation day, after the plants are removed from the soil, the number and the abundance of available Cd, oxytetracycline and antibiotic resistance genes in the soil are measured, and the concentration of the Cd and the oxytetracycline absorbed and enriched in the plants and the number and the abundance of the antibiotic resistance genes in the plants are measured at the same time.
Comparative example
The comparative example differs from the example in that no biomass char was applied and no rhodiola rosea was planted during the treatment and the same repair cycle was maintained.
And (4) analyzing results:
as shown in figure 1, the aboveground biomass of Sedum plumbizincicola was increased from 2.79 g/strain (dry weight) to 7.59 g/strain (dry weight) after the application of the biomass charcoal (figure 1), which indicates that the application of the biomass charcoal can significantly increase the biomass of Sedum plumbizincicola.
As shown in fig. 2, in the control group without biomass charcoal and without sedum plumbizincicola, the content of Cd in the soil in an effective state is the highest and can reach 4.11 mg/kg; in the treatment group only planting the Sedum plumbizincicola, the content of Cd in the soil in an effective state is 3.48mg/kg, and is reduced by 0.63 mg/kg; in the biomass charcoal treatment group, the content of Cd in the soil in an effective state is 3.01mg/kg, and is reduced by 1.10 mg/kg; after the biomass charcoal-Sedum plumbizincicola combined remediation, the content of the available Cd in the combined contaminated soil is reduced to 1.72mg/kg and reduced by 2.39mg/kg, which indicates that the application of the biomass charcoal and/or the planting of the Sedum plumbizincicola can play a role in fixing and passivating heavy metals, and the bioavailability is reduced, so that the environmental risk is reduced. Particularly, compared with the total reduction of 1.73mg/kg when the two are used alone, the combined use effect is increased by 38.15%, which shows that the biomass charcoal and the Sedum plumbizincicola play a synergistic promotion role. In addition, the enrichment of heavy metal Cd in Sedum plumbizincicola was also significantly improved after adding biomass charcoal (as shown in FIG. 3), from 221.62mg/kg (stem) and 218.38mg/kg (leaf) to 318.83mg/kg (stem) and 329.74mg/kg, respectively. Therefore, the application of the biomass charcoal can obviously promote the growth of the Sedum plumbizincicola, and simultaneously strengthen the enrichment and removal of heavy metal Cd, thereby achieving the aim of restoring soil.
Different from the effect of enriching heavy metals, the removal of antibiotics in the composite contaminated soil mainly utilizes the root exudates of the sedum plumbizincicola to promote the colonization of rhizosphere microorganisms and the degradation of the antibiotics by the rhizosphere microorganisms, so that the migration of oxytetracycline from the soil to the sedum plumbizincicola needs to be inhibited. The adsorption effect of the porous biomass charcoal and the biomass charcoal containing a large number of oxygen-containing functional groups such as carboxyl, hydroxyl and the like can form an inner-layer complex with the antibiotics through exclusive adsorption and non-exclusive adsorption, and simultaneously form an outer-layer complex with the antibiotics through covalent bond, so that the migration of the antibiotics in the soil is inhibited. As shown in figure 4, after the application of the biomass charcoal, the content of the oxytetracycline in the soil is higher than that of the group without the application of the biomass charcoal, mainly because the oxytetracycline is fixed in the soil due to the adsorption effect of the porous biomass charcoal, the migration of the oxytetracycline to the Sedum plumbizincicola is inhibited, and the content of the oxytetracycline in the stems and leaves of the Sedum plumbizincicola is respectively reduced from 152.0 mu g/kg and 322.2 mu g/kg (without the application of the biomass charcoal) to 127.3 mu g/kg and 226.3 mu g/kg (as shown in figure 5); the planting of the sedum plumbizincicola, particularly the existence of root secretion promotes the proliferation of microorganisms and strengthens the degradation of the oxytetracycline in the soil, namely, the content of the oxytetracycline is respectively reduced from 3.02mg/kg (no biomass charcoal is applied and the sedum plumbizincicola treatment group is not planted) and 3.51mg/kg (no biomass charcoal is applied and the sedum plumbizincicola treatment group is not planted) to 2.91mg/kg (no biomass charcoal is applied and the sedum plumbizincicola treatment group is planted) and 3.22mg/kg (biomass charcoal is applied and the sedum plumbizincicola treatment group is planted). Therefore, the combined use of the biomass charcoal and the Sedum plumbizincicola inhibits the migration of antibiotics in soil, accelerates the reduction effect of oxytetracycline, and finally reduces the environmental risk of the oxytetracycline in the composite polluted soil.
The biomass charcoal-hyper-enrichment plant combined remediation technology can effectively inhibit the migration and the transmission of a novel environmental pollutant-antibiotic resistance gene from soil to plants. As shown in fig. 6 and 8, in the case of the group without applying the biomass charcoal treatment, the number of the antibiotic resistance genes detected in the soil was significantly smaller than that of the group applying the biomass charcoal treatment, and the absolute abundance of each antibiotic resistance gene showed the same tendency. Therefore, under the condition of composite pollution, the porous biomass charcoal can serve as a carrier for microorganism colonization, pollutants such as heavy metals, antibiotics and the like are adsorbed and fixed, the colonized microorganisms are induced to generate various antibiotic resistance genes under the action of selective pressure, and the abundance of the antibiotics is greatly improved. Meanwhile, during the growth process of the Sedum plumbizincicola, the root exudates are continuously secreted and serve as an organic carbon source of soil microorganisms, so that the proliferation of rhizosphere microorganisms is promoted, and the microbial degradation of soil antibiotics is finally accelerated. However, although the number of the antibiotic resistance genes in the soil and the abundance thereof are both significantly increased under the condition of adding biomass charcoal, the number of the antibiotic resistance genes in the plant body and the abundance thereof are greatly reduced, as shown in fig. 7 and 9, the number of the antibiotic resistance genes detected in the stem and leaf parts of the Sedum plumbizincicola is respectively reduced to 4.3 and 3.7 after the biomass charcoal is applied, and the absolute abundance of the corresponding antibiotic resistance genes is also respectively reduced to 4.70 × 106copies/g and 1.36X 106copies/g. Therefore, the biomass charcoal-Sedum plumbizincicola combined remediation mode can effectively inhibit the migration of antibiotic resistance genes from soil to plant bodies.
In conclusion, the biomass charcoal has a developed pore structure, contains a large number of oxygen-containing functional groups such as carboxyl, carbonyl, lactone group and hydroxyl, has a large specific surface area, can effectively adsorb and passivate pollutants in soil, including antibiotics, pesticide residues, heavy metals and the like, and simultaneously provides a carrier for a microbial colonization bed to inhibit the migration of pathogenic strains carrying antibiotic resistance genes; the biomass charcoal is added, so that the effects of preserving water and fertilizer, improving the physical and chemical properties of soil and promoting the growth of plants can be achieved, and the repair efficiency of the plants on the polluted soil can be enhanced; the hyperaccumulator plants directly absorb and degrade antibiotics and heavy metals, the root exudates promote the colonization of rhizosphere microorganisms, and the rhizosphere microorganisms comprehensively act on the degradation of antibiotics and the fixation of heavy metals to realize the remediation of the composite contaminated soil.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and all technical solutions belonging to the idea of the present invention belong to the protection scope of the present invention. It should be noted that modifications and embellishments within the scope of the present invention may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the principle of the present invention, and such modifications and embellishments should also be considered as the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A method for repairing composite contaminated soil by combining biomass charcoal and plants is characterized by comprising the following steps: (1) adding corn straw biomass charcoal into the composite contaminated soil, adjusting the field water capacity to be 60% -70% of the maximum field water capacity, and balancing for 7-10 days; (2) planting the Sedum plumbizincicola on the balanced soil; wherein the pollutants in the composite contaminated soil comprise heavy metals of chromium and/or zinc, and/or antibiotics, and/or antibiotic resistance genes.
2. The method for remediating the combined contaminated soil through biomass charcoal and plant combination according to claim 1, wherein the antibiotic comprises oxytetracycline.
3. The method for remediating the combined contaminated soil through biomass charcoal and plant combination according to claim 1, wherein the antibiotic resistance genes comprise at least one of aminoglycoside, β -lactam, chloramphenicol, fluoroquinolone, macrolide, multidrug resistance, tetracycline, trimethoprim, and vancomycin resistance genes.
4. The method for remediating the composite contaminated soil through the combination of biomass charcoal and plants as claimed in claim 3, wherein the planting manner of the Sedum plumbizincicola is cuttage.
5. The method for remediating the composite contaminated soil through combination of biomass charcoal and plants as claimed in claim 4, wherein the cutting depth of the rhodiola rosea seedlings is controlled to be 4-6 cm.
6. The method for restoring the composite contaminated soil by combining the biomass charcoal and the plants as claimed in claim 1, wherein the preparation method of the corn stalk biomass charcoal comprises the following steps: (1) cleaning and drying the corn straws; (2) transferring the dried corn straws into a reactor of a straw charcoal making device, starting temperature programming from 200 ℃ to 600 ℃ under a low-oxygen condition, and discharging no black smoke in a reaction hearth to prepare biomass charcoal; (3) after cooling to room temperature, the prepared biomass charcoal is ground and sieved.
7. The method for remediating the composite contaminated soil through the combination of biomass charcoal and plants as claimed in claim 6, wherein the temperature rise procedure is to raise the temperature at 10-20 ℃/min, and the temperature is maintained at each of the temperature nodes of 300 ℃, 400 ℃ and 500 ℃ for 1-2 h.
8. The method for repairing composite contaminated soil by using biomass charcoal and plants in a combined manner as claimed in claim 6 or 7, wherein the sieving is performed by using a 60-100-mesh sieve.
9. The method for restoring the composite contaminated soil by combining the biomass charcoal and the plants as claimed in claim 8, wherein the mass ratio of the added corn straw biomass charcoal to the composite contaminated soil is 1 (15-25).
10. The method for remediating the composite contaminated soil through the combination of biomass charcoal and plants as claimed in claim 9, wherein the remediation cycle of the method is 50-70 days from the day of planting the hyperaccumulator.
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| CN113637481A (en) * | 2021-07-23 | 2021-11-12 | 浙江大学 | Application of chitosan and derivatives thereof in reducing antibiotic resistance gene pollution in soil |
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| CN117402787A (en) * | 2023-10-24 | 2024-01-16 | 广东省环保研究总院有限公司 | Repair material for reducing antibiotic resistance gene content, method and application |
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