CN113042193B - Sand-stone separation and cleaning equipment suitable for recycling of muck and construction method - Google Patents
Sand-stone separation and cleaning equipment suitable for recycling of muck and construction method Download PDFInfo
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- CN113042193B CN113042193B CN202110258737.3A CN202110258737A CN113042193B CN 113042193 B CN113042193 B CN 113042193B CN 202110258737 A CN202110258737 A CN 202110258737A CN 113042193 B CN113042193 B CN 113042193B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03B—SEPARATING SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS
- B03B7/00—Combinations of wet processes or apparatus with other processes or apparatus, e.g. for dressing ores or garbage
Abstract
The invention provides sand and stone separation and cleaning equipment suitable for recycling dregs and a construction method, which comprises the following steps: the first collecting tank is used for collecting stones separated from the dregs; the separation cylinder is arranged above the first collection tank and is obliquely arranged along the axis direction; the separation barrel rotates around the axial direction of the separation barrel, so that stones in the muck slide down to the first collecting tank under the action of gravity, and the separated sand-containing muck falls down from the pores on the outer wall of the separation barrel under the action of gravity; the second collecting tank collects the sand-containing muck falling from the pores on the outer wall of the separating cylinder; the sand cleaning device is used for cleaning and filtering the collected sand-containing muck and separating sand; a vibration table for filtering water in the sand separated by the sand cleaning device; and the third collecting tank is arranged on one side of the vibrating table and is used for collecting the sand separated by the vibrating table. The invention can effectively separate and clean sand and stone in the shield excavation residue soil, realizes the recycling of the residue soil and is beneficial to saving resources and protecting the environment.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of geotechnical engineering construction, in particular to sand and stone separation and cleaning equipment suitable for recycling residue soil and a construction method.
Background
At present, a lot of cities are carrying out large-scale subway tunnel construction, and the shield method is one of the main methods for urban subway tunnel construction. A large amount of waste sludge can be generated in the shield construction process, and due to the environmental protection requirement of urban centers and the restriction of factors such as urban management and the like, the outward transportation of the sludge is often limited. Untimely treatment of the sludge can lead to a large amount of sludge to be accumulated at the soil outlet, and underground sludge soil can not be discharged in time, so that construction safety is influenced, and the construction period is delayed. In addition, the waste sludge treatment and transportation consumes a large amount of clean water, resulting in resource waste. According to the difference of the shield excavation stratum, the waste sludge often contains recyclable components such as sand, pebbles and the like, the sand with different grades can be used for the procedures of synchronous grouting and the like after the segment wall, and the pebbles can be used for road construction engineering, so that the recycling of the shield excavation muck is realized. Zhang Shujing is equal to that indicated in a text of shield muck moisture content characteristic and dehydration technology research published in China Water and soil conservation in 2019: the shield muck has fine particles and high water content, the muck directly piled up without treatment can cause great hidden dangers for ecological environment and public safety, and the harmless treatment of a large amount of muck generated by the excavation of the shield machine is the most outstanding problem in the subway construction process. Therefore, the waste muck is effectively treated and reused, and the method is very important for saving construction cost, ensuring the shield construction progress and saving resources.
Through the search of the prior art documents, the Chinese patent with the application number of CN201920534194.1 provides sand-stone separation and cleaning equipment, the equipment feeds materials through a feed hopper with an opening facing to the top, the operation is simple, the occupied area is small, the feeding is smooth, the processing capacity is large, and the working efficiency and the economic benefit are improved; the concrete is separated and fully cleaned in the overturning process by rotating the sieving barrel and spraying water to wash by matching with the water spraying pipe; the proportion of the sand and stone in the residue soil generated by shield construction is changed rapidly according to the change of the excavated stratum, the spiral blades are mainly utilized to separate the sand and stone in a scraping mode, she Pianka dun or even damaged is easily caused when the content of the stones is more, and the working efficiency is lower. In addition, the problem that the sand and the stones separated from the shield construction site cannot be effectively collected in a centralized manner, and the subsequent collection is inconvenient to recycle is also solved.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to provide sand-stone separation and cleaning equipment suitable for recycling dregs and a construction method.
The invention provides a sand and stone separating and cleaning device suitable for recycling dregs, which comprises:
a first collecting tank for collecting the stones separated from the muck;
the separation cylinder is arranged above the first collection tank and is obliquely arranged along the axis direction; the outer wall of the separation cylinder is provided with uniformly distributed pores, and the size of the pores is smaller than the particle size of stones in the muck; the separation cylinder can rotate around the axial direction of the separation cylinder, stones in the muck slide down into the first collection pool under the action of gravity through the rotation of the separation cylinder, and the separated sand-containing muck falls down from the pores on the outer wall of the separation cylinder under the action of gravity;
the second collecting tank is arranged below the separating cylinder and is positioned on one side of the first collecting tank, and the second collecting tank is used for collecting sand-containing muck falling from the pore space of the outer wall of the separating cylinder;
the sand cleaning device is used for cleaning and filtering the collected sand-containing muck and separating sand;
the vibrating table is used for filtering water in the sand separated by the sand cleaning device;
and the third collecting tank is arranged on one side of the vibrating table and is used for collecting the sand separated by the vibrating table.
Preferably, the sand and stone separation and cleaning equipment suitable for recycling the dregs comprises:
and the residue-soil pond is arranged below the separation cylinder, the sand cleaning device and the vibration table and is used for storing muddy water generated by the equipment in the working process.
Preferably, the sand and stone separation and cleaning equipment suitable for recycling the dregs comprises:
the feeding box is arranged above the muck pool and positioned on one side of the separating cylinder, and is used for storing muck excavated in shield construction;
and one end of the slag guide pipe is communicated with the feeding box, the other end of the slag guide pipe is communicated with the separating cylinder, and the slag soil in the feeding box is conveyed into the separating cylinder through the slag guide pipe.
Preferably, a water spraying pipe capable of spraying water into the separating cylinder to clean stones is arranged above the separating cylinder; the pipe wall of the water spraying pipe is provided with a plurality of through holes which are uniformly distributed along the length direction.
Preferably, the sand washing device includes:
the first-stage sand cleaning device is connected with the second collecting tank; the primary sand cleaning device comprises a sludge box, a wheel shaft, a transmission spoke, a wheel rim and a motor, wherein the sludge box is arranged below the wheel rim and is used for storing sand-containing sludge soil pumped in by the second collecting tank; one end of the transmission spoke is connected with the wheel shaft, and the other end of the transmission spoke is connected with the inner wall of the wheel rim; the outer wall of the rim is provided with uniformly distributed blades; the motor is connected with the wheel shaft, the wheel shaft is driven to rotate through the motor, the transmission spokes and the wheel rim are driven to synchronously rotate, so that the blades are driven to rotate around the wheel shaft, the sand-containing muck in the muck box is stirred through the blades, and the sand-containing muck is cleaned and filtered;
and the secondary sand cleaning device is the same as the primary sand cleaning device in structure, the primary sand cleaning device conveys the sand-containing muck subjected to cleaning and filtering to the secondary sand cleaning device through a blade of the primary sand cleaning device, and the secondary sand cleaning device carries out secondary cleaning and filtering on the muck obtained by cleaning and filtering of the primary sand cleaning device.
Preferably, the blades of the primary sand cleaning device and the blades of the secondary sand cleaning device are all made of steel wire meshes, and the mesh size of each steel wire mesh is smaller than the particle size of sand particles in the sand-containing muck;
the wire mesh pores of the blades of the secondary sand cleaning device are smaller than the wire mesh pores of the blades of the primary sand cleaning device, and the motor speed of the secondary sand cleaning device is greater than that of the primary sand cleaning device.
Preferably, the vibration table includes:
the filter screen is arranged above the residue soil pool and used for filtering water in sand in a vibration process, and pores of the filter screen are smaller than the particle size of sand particles; the filter screen is positioned above the third collecting tank, one side of the filter screen is adjacent to the third collecting tank, the filter screen is obliquely arranged towards the third collecting tank, and the sand filtered by the filter screen is conveyed into the third collecting tank;
the mud guard is arranged on the side face of the filter screen and used for preventing the sand conveyed by the secondary sand cleaning device from falling into the residue soil pool from the side face of the vibration table;
the vibrating arm is arranged at the top of the mudguard and used for conducting vibration;
and the vibrator is arranged on the vibrating arm and used for driving the vibrating arm to vibrate.
The second aspect of the invention provides a construction method for sand and stone separation and cleaning suitable for residue soil recycling, which comprises the step of adopting the sand and stone separation and cleaning equipment suitable for residue soil recycling.
Preferably, the construction method for separating and cleaning the sand and the stone suitable for recycling the dregs comprises the following steps of:
s1: determining the slag output V of shield excavation;
s2: calculating the content of stones in the excavated muck according to the invasion height of the bedrock on the excavated surface, namely determining the content V of the stones in the muck R ；
S3: calculating the sand content eta of the sand-containing muck separated by the separating cylinder;
s4: adjusting the angular velocity w of the blade of the first-stage sand cleaning device rotating around the wheel axle according to the sand content eta obtained in the step S3 1 ；
S5: determining the angular velocity w of a blade of a secondary sand cleaning device rotating about a wheel axis 2 And w is 2 ＝λw 1 Wherein, lambda is a rotation speed amplification factor;
s6: and (4) recycling the stones collected by the first collecting tank and the sand collected by the third collecting tank.
Preferably, the step S4: angular velocity w of blades of the primary sand cleaning device 1 The following formula is satisfied:
wherein eta is the sand content; l is the distance between a sludge box of the primary sand cleaning device and a sludge box of the secondary sand cleaning device; r is the radius of the rim; g is gravity acceleration, and is 9.8m/s 2 (ii) a h is the height of a sludge box of the primary sand cleaning device.
The operating principle of the sand-stone separation and cleaning equipment suitable for recycling the dregs is as follows:
the residue soil obtained by the shield excavation in the soil-rock composite stratum contains recyclable sand and stones. Calculating to obtain the actual muck excavation amount V in each ring of excavation process according to the actual stratum conditions of the engineering, and calculating the content V of stones in the excavated muck according to the height of the bedrock invasion of the excavation surface R The stones in the muck are cleaned in the rotating separating cylinder by the spray pipe and slide into the first collecting tank under the action of gravity. And the sand and the cleaning water in the residue soil fall into the second collecting tank through the pores of the separating cylinder to form sand-containing slurry. Adjusting the rotational speed w of the blades of a primary sand cleaning device by calculating the sand content eta in the sand-containing slurry 1 So as to stir and clean the sand in the sand-containing mud, and convey the sand to a secondary sand cleaning device. By adjusting the rotational speed w of the blades of the secondary sand cleaning device 2 The sand therein is further washed and filtered and conveyed to a vibrating table. The shaking table further filters moisture from the sand and conveys the sand to a third collection tank. The stones collected by the first collecting tank and the sand collected by the third collecting tank can be intensively treated by an excavator and then effectively recycled.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has at least one of the following beneficial effects:
aiming at construction in a soil-rock composite stratum of a shield tunnel, the excavated muck contains a large amount of reusable stones and sand, the stones are separated by arranging the separating cylinder, and then the sand is separated and cleaned by a subsequent device, so that the stones and the sand are recycled step by step, and the problem of She Pianka ton caused by high content of stones can be solved by adopting step-by-step recycling; the method realizes recycling of stones and sand in the muck, effectively improves the muck treatment efficiency of shield tunnel excavation in the urban core area, and has important significance for accelerating the construction efficiency of the shield tunnel in the soil-rock composite stratum, protecting the environment and saving resources.
Drawings
Other features, objects and advantages of the invention will become more apparent upon reading of the detailed description of non-limiting embodiments with reference to the following drawings:
FIG. 1 is a front view of a sand-stone separating and cleaning apparatus for recycling residue according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a top view of the sand-stone separating and cleaning apparatus for recycling the residue according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a side view of the sand-stone separation and cleaning apparatus for recycling the residue according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
the numbers in the figures are indicated as: the device comprises a first collecting tank 1, a feeding tank 2, a slag guide pipe 3, an annular reinforcing steel bar 4, a twisted reinforcing steel bar 5, a blade 6, a sludge tank 7, a motor 8, a water spray pipe 9, a second collecting tank 10, a rim 11, a driving spoke 12, a wheel shaft 13, a filter screen 14, a vibrator 15, a vibrating arm 16, a mud guard 17, a sludge tank 18 and a third collecting tank 19.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to specific examples. The following examples will assist those skilled in the art in further understanding the invention, but are not intended to limit the invention in any way. It should be noted that variations and modifications can be made by persons skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the invention. All falling within the scope of the invention.
This embodiment provides a grit separation cleaning equipment suitable for dregs recycle, and this equipment has realized the recovery of stone and sand in the dregs and has recycled through the separation and the washing to stone and sand in the excavation dregs, has improved the efficiency of construction in city core region subway tunnel, has reached resources are saved, environmental protection's purpose.
Taking the shield construction of a subway tunnel in a certain city core area as an example, the tunnel is a double-line double-hole tunnel with a circular structure, the excavation diameter is 9.15m, the outer diameter of a segment is 8.8m, and the width of the segment is 1.8m. The range of the tunnel DSK19+200-DSK19+800 is a composite stratum, the upper part is sandstone, and the lower part is hard granite. In the construction process of the mileage section, the excavated dregs are mainly broken stones and sand, and the outward transportation of the dregs in the urban core area is limited, so that the dregs need to be treated, and the broken stones and the sand in the dregs are separated and cleaned, thereby achieving the purpose of recycling.
Referring to fig. 1, a front view of a sand and stone separating and cleaning apparatus suitable for recycling of residue soil according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention is shown, which includes a residue soil tank 18, a first collecting tank 1, a third collecting tank 19, a feeding box 2, a residue guiding pipe 3, a second collecting tank 10 (residue storage tank), a separating cylinder, a water spraying pipe 9, a primary sand cleaning device, a secondary sand cleaning device, and a vibration table.
The first collecting tank 1 is used for collecting stones separated from the muck. Preferably, the first collecting tank 1 may be formed by a reinforced concrete wall, the volume of which is required to meet the requirement of maximum excavated stone weight of the shield in the construction process of the full-face hard rock formation, and the height of which is less than the height of the slag basin 18.
The separating cylinder outer wall is equipped with evenly distributed's hole, and the hole size is not more than the particle diameter of stone in the dregs for the stone can't outwards the landing from separating cylinder lateral wall hole, but falls into in first collecting pit 1 from the separating cylinder bottom downwards. The separation cylinder is arranged above the side of the first collection tank 1. When the separating cylinder works, the separating cylinder can be driven by the motor to rotate around the axis of the circular section of the separating cylinder, so that stones slide to the first collecting tank 1 through the bottom of the separating cylinder under the action of gravity, and sand-containing muck can fall to the second collecting tank 10 through the pores on the side wall of the separating cylinder under the action of gravity. As a preferred mode, referring to fig. 3, the separating cylinder is formed by connecting the ring-shaped reinforcing bars 4 and the twisted reinforcing bars 5 by welding to form a hollow cylindrical structure. The size of the sidewall aperture of the separator drum can be controlled by the spacing of the ring-shaped reinforcing bars 4 and the spacing of the twisted reinforcing bars 5. In the engineering excavation muck of the example, the lower part of the excavation surface is hard granite, the particle size of stones formed after cutting and crushing by a hob is more than 10cm, and the separating cylinder is formed by welding about 60 annular reinforcing steel bars 4 and about 100 threaded reinforcing steel bars 5, wherein the diameter of the annular reinforcing steel bars 4 is 1.8m; the length of the twisted steel 5 is 3m; the annular reinforcing steel bars 4 and the threaded reinforcing steel bars 5 are both circular in cross section and 16mm in diameter. The included angle between the axis of the circular section of the separating cylinder and the horizontal plane is set to be 25 degrees, and the separating cylinder is inclined towards the first collecting tank 1.
As a preferred embodiment, referring to fig. 1, a water spray pipe 9 is provided above the separation cylinder. The length of the water spray pipe 9 is slightly longer than that of the separation cylinder. The water spraying pipe 9 can be a galvanized steel pipe. The wall of the water spraying pipe 9 is provided with a plurality of through holes which are uniformly distributed along the length direction, and each through hole can spray cleaning water flow with certain pressure outwards. When the separating cylinder rotates, the water spraying pipe 9 is used for cleaning stones in the shield muck, so that the stones in the muck can be sufficiently cleaned. In one embodiment, the sprinkler pipe 9 has a length of 3.3m and is provided with a through hole at intervals of 30cm along the length of the pipe wall.
As a preferable mode, as shown in fig. 1 and 3, a feed box 2 is provided above and laterally of the separation cylinder, and the feed box 2 is connected to the separation cylinder through a slag guide pipe 3 and pumps the slag in the feed box 2 into the separation cylinder. The stones are cleaned by the cleaning water flow and then slide into the first collecting tank 1.
The feed box 2 can be composed of a rectangular steel plate and four trapezoidal steel plates, wherein the rectangular steel plate is used as a bottom plate, the bottom edges of the four trapezoidal steel plates are respectively connected with the four edges of the rectangular steel plate through welding, and a box body structure with an upper opening and capable of storing and releasing the excavated soil is formed. A hole is punched at the bottom of one of the four trapezoidal steel plates, so that the slag guide pipe 3 can pump the slag in the feeding box 2 into the separating cylinder through the hole. In a specific example project, the long side of the rectangular steel plate of the feeding box 2 is 3m, the short side is 2m, the sizes of the steel plates on the opposite sides in the four trapezoidal steel plates are the same, the upper bottom edge 3m, the lower bottom edge 4m and the height 3.5m of the steel plates in the length direction of the feeding box 2 in the steel plates on the two sides, and the upper bottom edge 2m, the lower bottom edge 3.5m and the height 3.5m of the steel plates in the width direction of the feeding box 2. The thickness of the steel plate is 6mm. Set up a diameter for 0.4 m's round hole along 2 width direction's of feed box trapezoidal steel sheet bottom, make slag pipe 3 can send into the cylinder separator through the dregs pump in with feed box 2 through the round hole.
Referring to fig. 1, a second collecting tank 10 is disposed just below the separation drum, and is used for receiving sand-containing muck dropped through the side holes of the separation drum and water for cleaning stones, and the muck and the water form sand-containing mud water in the second collecting tank 10 and are pumped into the primary sand cleaning device. Preferably, the second collecting tank 10 may be connected by welding five rectangular steel plates into a tetrahedron structure with an open upper portion. The length of a bottom steel plate of the tetrahedron structure is 3m, the width of the bottom steel plate is 2.3m, the length and the width of a side steel plate along the length direction are respectively 3m and 2.5m, the length and the width of a side steel plate along the width direction are respectively 2.8m and 2.5m, and the thickness of the steel plate is 6mm. The steel plate on the side face, adjacent to the primary sand cleaning device, of the second collecting tank 10 is provided with a circular opening, and sand-containing residue soil (muddy water) in the second collecting tank 10 can be pumped into the primary sand cleaning device through the circular opening. The diameter of the circular opening may be 0.3m.
Referring to fig. 2, the primary sand cleaning device and the secondary sand cleaning device have the same structure and are composed of blades 6, a sludge box 7, a motor 8, a rim 11, a transmission spoke 12 and a wheel shaft 13. The primary sand cleaning device is used for cleaning and filtering sand in muddy water pumped in through the second collecting tank 10. Wherein the sludge box 7 is arranged below the blade 6. The motor 8 is connected with the wheel shaft 13, the motor 8 is used for driving the wheel shaft 13 to rotate around the axis of the wheel shaft, and the rotating speed can be adjusted in real time according to the sand content in the residue soil. As a preferred mode, the driving spokes 12 can be equilateral channel steel, and two ends of a waist plate of the channel steel are used for connecting the wheel axle 13 and the rim 11. The vanes 6 may be fixed to the outer wall of the rim 11 by welding. The blades 6 adopt woven steel wire meshes for stirring muddy water in the sludge box 7 and cleaning and filtering sand in the muddy water, and the meshes of the steel wire meshes are not larger than the diameter of sand particles in the sludge, so that the sand in the sludge is separated; the first-grade sand cleaning device conveys the sand-containing muck after cleaning and filtering to the second-grade sand cleaning device through the blades 6 of the first-grade sand cleaning device. In one embodiment, the woven wire mesh has a length and width of 0.8m and 0.3m, respectively, a thickness of 2mm, a wire diameter of 0.9mm, and a mesh size of 2.8mm × 2.8mm. The sludge box 7 can be composed of two trapezoidal steel plates, two rectangular steel plates and a square steel plate, wherein the waist of the two trapezoidal steel plates is connected with the long edge of the two rectangular steel plates in a welding mode to form the side wall of the sludge box 7. The square steel plate is connected with the upper bottom edges of the two trapezoidal steel plates and the short edges of the two rectangular steel plates in a welding mode and serves as the bottom surface of the sludge box 7. In a specific example, the upper and lower bottom edges of the two trapezoidal steel plates of the sludge box 7 are 3.2m and 4m respectively, and the height is 1.3m. The length and the width of the two rectangular steel plates of the sludge box 7 are respectively 3.2m and 1.36m, and the thickness of the steel plates is 6mm. The waist height, leg width and waist thickness of the equilateral channel steel adopted by the transmission spoke 12 are 80mm,43mm and 5mm respectively. The cross section of the hollow steel pipe selected for the wheel shaft 13 is circular, and the inner diameter and the outer diameter are respectively 60mm and 70mm.
Secondary sand belt cleaning device primary sand belt cleaning device structure constitution is similar, and the difference lies in that the used wire net hole of weaving of secondary sand belt cleaning device blade is less than that the wire net hole is woven to the primary sand belt cleaning device blade, and optional 1.5mm. In addition, the rotating speed of a motor of the secondary sand cleaning device is greater than that of a motor of the primary sand cleaning device, so that the residue soil obtained by cleaning and filtering the primary sand cleaning device is cleaned and filtered for the second time.
As a preferable mode, referring to fig. 2, the vibration table is composed of a filter screen 14, a vibrator 15, a vibration arm 16 and a fender 17, wherein the fender 17 is used for preventing sand conveyed by the secondary sand cleaning device from falling into a slag-soil pool 18 from the side surface of the vibration table, and the fender 17 is positioned on the side surface and connected with the filter screen 14 positioned at the bottom in a welding mode; the porosity of the screen 14 is not greater than the particle size of the sand particles so that moisture in the sand is filtered out during vibration of the shaker. The screen 14 is inclined at an angle toward the third collecting chamber 19 for filtering moisture from the sand during the vibration process and transferring the sand to the third collecting chamber 19. The vibration arm 16 is fixed to the upper portion of the fender 17 for transmitting vibration to the entire vibration table. The vibrator 15 is fixed on the vibration arm 16 and is used for driving the vibration arm 16 to vibrate.
In a specific example, the fender 17 is made of two pentagonal steel plates, the lengths of two inclined edges, two vertical edges and a bottom edge are respectively 1.8m, 1.3m and 6m, the fender is arranged on the side surface of the vibration table, and the bottom edge is connected with the filter screen 14 at the bottom in a welding mode. The filter screen 14 adopts a woven steel wire mesh, the length and the width of the woven steel wire mesh are respectively 5m and 3m, the wire diameter is 0.5mm, the mesh size is 1.2mm multiplied by 1.2mm, the included angle between the length direction and the horizontal plane is 8 degrees, the mesh inclines towards the direction of the third collecting tank 19, and the mesh is used for filtering moisture in sand in the vibration process and conveying the sand to the third collecting tank 19.
As a preferred embodiment, referring to fig. 1, a sludge basin 18 is provided below the separation cylinder, the primary sand cleaning device, the secondary sand cleaning device, and the vibration table. The residue soil pond 18 is surrounded by four reinforced concrete walls and is used for collecting waste slurry generated in the working process of the sand-stone separation and cleaning equipment, wherein the waste slurry generated in the working process is the residual waste slurry after sand and stones in the shield excavation residue soil are separated. The volume of the slag-soil pool 18 needs to meet the requirement of the maximum slag-soil discharge amount in the shield construction process; and the length of the reinforced concrete wall needs to be greater than the sum of the lengths of the separating cylinder, the primary sand cleaning device, the secondary sand cleaning device and the vibrating table, and the width of the reinforced concrete wall needs to be greater than the maximum value of the widths of the separating cylinder, the primary sand cleaning device, the secondary sand cleaning device and the vibrating table. In a concrete example engineering, considering that the engineering is a double-hole double-line tunnel, in order to improve the construction efficiency, when a left line and a right line are constructed simultaneously, the excavated dregs need to be processed simultaneously, and the reinforced concrete wall is set to be 20m long, 4m wide, 1.6m high and 90mm thick.
Referring to fig. 1, the first collecting tank 1 is disposed on a side of the slag pond 18 adjacent to the second collecting tank 10. In a concrete example project, considering the requirement of maximum excavated stone quantum of the shield in the construction process of a full-section hard rock stratum and the height of the slag-soil pond 18, the length and the width of the reinforced concrete walls on the two sides of the first collecting pond 1 in the length direction are respectively 3m and 2.2m, the height is 1.4m, and the thickness is 90mm. The first collecting tank 1 shares a reinforced concrete wall with the residue soil tank 18 along the width direction, and an opening is reserved on the side, so that stones can be conveniently cleaned and recovered.
Referring to fig. 1, a third collecting tank 19 is disposed on a side of the residue soil tank 18 close to the vibrating table, and is used for collecting sand obtained by vibrating and filtering through the vibrating table. The height of the third collecting tank 19 is not more than the height of the slag pond 18. In one embodiment, the third collection tank 19 shares a reinforced concrete wall with the slag basin 18 in the width direction, and the opposite side is open to facilitate cleaning and recovery of sand. The length and width of the reinforced concrete walls on the two sides along the length direction are both 4m, the height is 1.4m, and the thickness is 90mm. The water content of the sand in the third collecting tank 19 can be further reduced after the sand is irradiated by sunlight and dried by air, and the sand is favorable for recycling.
In another embodiment, a sand-stone separation and cleaning construction method suitable for recycling of muck is provided, which is performed by adopting the above equipment, and comprises the following steps:
s1: determining the excavated earth volume of the shield tunneling machine in each ring tunneling process:
in the formula, V is the slag discharge amount; d is the shield excavation diameter; l is the width of the segment; alpha is the overexcavation coefficient; beta is the loose coefficient of the residue soil; gamma is the discharge rate of the soil bucket.
In the embodiment, the excavation surface is a composite stratum of sandstone at the upper part and hard granite at the lower part, the values of the overexcavation coefficient alpha and the muck loosening coefficient beta are respectively 1.02 and 1.6, the value of the discharge rate gamma of the soil bucket is 0.97, the width L of the segment is 1.8m, the shield excavation diameter D is 9.15m, and the slag output V =199m 3 。
S2: determining the content of stones in the muck, specifically:
the gravel content refers to the broken stone content of a hard rock stratum on the lower part of an excavation surface of the soil-rock composite stratum after being cut and crushed by a hob in each ring of excavation process, and the broken stone content meets the following formula:
in the formula, V R Is the crushed stone content; d is the height of the lower hard rock stratum invading the excavation face; r is the shield excavation radius; and L is the width of the pipe piece.
In the embodiment, the height d of the protruding part of the lower bedrock invading the excavation surface is 3.2m, the shield excavation radius R is 4.575m, and the crushed stone content V is R Is 20.67m 3 。
S3: determining the sand content in the muddy water, specifically:
the sand content is the proportion of the volume of sand falling into the muddy water of the second collecting tank 10 through the separating cylinder to the volume of the muddy water, and the following formula is satisfied:
wherein eta is the sand content; v R Is the content of broken stones; v is the slag output; n is the number of the holes on the water spray pipe; s is the area of each opening on the spray pipe; v w The flow rate of water for each opening on the spray pipe; v is the shield tunneling speed; and L is the width of the pipe piece.
In this embodiment, the number n of the holes on the sprinkler pipe is 10, and the area s of each hole is 0.06m 2 Water flow velocity V of water jet pipe opening w The sand content eta is 0.67, the speed v of the shield tunneling in the soil-rock composite stratum is 0.015 m/min.
S4: determining the blade rotating speed of the first-stage sand cleaning device, specifically:
the blade rotating speed refers to the angular speed of the blade rotating around the wheel shaft in the first-stage sand cleaning device, and can be adjusted through the motor, so that the following formula is met:
in the formula, w 1 The rotating speed of the blades of the first-grade sand cleaning device is set; eta is the sand content; l is the distance between the sludge boxes 7 in the primary and secondary sand cleaning devices; r is the rim radius; g is gravity acceleration, and is 9.8m/s 2 (ii) a h is the height of the trapezoidal steel plate of the sludge box.
In this embodiment, the distance l between the sludge box 7 in the first-stage sand cleaning device and the second-stage sand cleaning device is 0.2m, the radius r of the rim is 1.8m, the height h of the trapezoidal steel plate of the sludge box 7 is 1.3m, and the rotating speed w of the blades of the first-stage sand cleaning device is equal to that of the blades of the second-stage sand cleaning device 1 Is 0.58rad/s.
S5: determining the rotating speed of the second-level sand cleaning device, wherein the rotating speed of the blades meets the following formula:
w 2 ＝λw 1
in the formula, w 2 The rotating speed of the blades of the secondary sand cleaning device is set; w is a 1 The rotating speed of the blades of the first-grade sand cleaning device is set; lambda is the amplification factor of the rotating speed, and the value of lambda is 1-1.2.
In this embodiment, the rotation speed amplification factor λ is 1.1, and the blade rotation speed w of the secondary sand cleaning device 2 It was 0.64rad/s.
S6: cleaning and recycling the collected sand and stones.
The cleaning and recycling of the stones refers to the collective recycling of the stones falling into the first collecting tank 1 by means of an excavator.
The cleaning and recycling of the sand means that the sand filtered by the secondary sand cleaning device is conveyed into a vibrating table, water in the sand is further filtered by the vibrating table, and finally the sand falls into the third collecting tank 19. The sand in the third collecting tank 19 is collected and treated by an excavator.
According to the shield subway tunnel muck cleaning equipment and the shield subway tunnel muck cleaning method, sand and stones in the muck can be cleaned and separated, the sand and the stones are recycled, the problem that the processing of the muck of the shield subway tunnel in the urban core area is difficult is effectively solved, meanwhile, the construction efficiency is improved, the construction risk is reduced, and the shield subway tunnel muck cleaning equipment and the shield subway tunnel muck cleaning method have important significance and value for environmental protection and resource saving.
The foregoing description of specific embodiments of the present invention has been presented. It is to be understood that the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described above, and that various changes or modifications may be made by one skilled in the art within the scope of the appended claims without departing from the spirit of the invention.
Claims (7)
1. The utility model provides a grit separation cleaning equipment suitable for dregs recycle which characterized in that includes:
the first collecting tank is used for collecting stones separated from the dregs;
the separation cylinder is arranged above the first collection tank and is obliquely arranged along the axis direction; the outer wall of the separation cylinder is provided with uniformly distributed pores, and the size of the pores is smaller than the particle size of stones in the muck; the separation barrel can rotate around the axial direction of the separation barrel, stones in the muck slide down to the first collecting tank under the action of gravity through the rotation of the separation barrel, and the separated sand-containing muck falls down from the pores on the outer wall of the separation barrel under the action of gravity;
the second collecting tank is arranged below the separating cylinder and is positioned on one side of the first collecting tank, and the second collecting tank is used for collecting sand-containing muck falling from the pore space of the outer wall of the separating cylinder;
the sand cleaning device is used for cleaning and filtering the collected sand-containing muck and separating sand;
the vibration table is used for filtering water in the sand separated by the sand cleaning device;
the third collecting tank is arranged on one side of the vibrating table and is used for collecting the sand separated by the vibrating table;
the residue-soil pond is arranged below the separation cylinder, the sand cleaning device and the vibration table and is used for storing muddy water generated in the working process of the equipment;
the sand cleaning device includes:
the first-stage sand cleaning device is connected with the second collecting tank; the primary sand cleaning device comprises a sludge box, a wheel shaft, a transmission spoke, a wheel rim and a motor, wherein the sludge box is arranged below the wheel rim and is used for storing sand-containing sludge soil pumped in by the second collecting tank; one end of the transmission spoke is connected with the wheel shaft, and the other end of the transmission spoke is connected with the inner wall of the rim; the outer wall of the rim is provided with uniformly distributed blades; the motor is connected with the wheel shaft, the wheel shaft is driven to rotate through the motor, the transmission spokes and the wheel rim are driven to synchronously rotate, so that the blades are driven to rotate around the wheel shaft, the sand-containing muck in the muck box is stirred through the blades, and the sand-containing muck is cleaned and filtered;
the secondary sand cleaning device is structurally the same as the primary sand cleaning device, the primary sand cleaning device conveys the cleaned and filtered sand-containing muck to the secondary sand cleaning device through a blade of the primary sand cleaning device, and the secondary sand cleaning device carries out secondary cleaning and filtering on the muck obtained by cleaning and filtering through the primary sand cleaning device;
blades of the primary sand cleaning device and the secondary sand cleaning device are made of steel wire meshes, and the mesh size of the steel wire meshes is smaller than the particle size of sand particles in the sand-containing muck; the steel wire mesh pores of the blades of the secondary sand cleaning device are smaller than the steel wire mesh pores of the blades of the primary sand cleaning device, and the motor rotating speed of the secondary sand cleaning device is greater than that of the primary sand cleaning device; adjusting the rotational speed w of the blades of a primary sand cleaning device by calculating the sand content η in the sand-laden mud 1 So as to stir and clean the sand in the sand-containing slurry and convey the sand to a secondary sand cleaning device; by adjusting the rotational speed w of the blades of the secondary sand cleaning device 2 Further cleaning and filtering the sand in the sand, and conveying the sand to a vibration table;
the separating cylinder is connected by annular reinforcing steel bars and threaded reinforcing steel bars in a welding mode to form a hollow columnar structure, and the size of the side wall pore of the separating cylinder is controlled through the space between the annular reinforcing steel bars and the space between the threaded reinforcing steel bars.
2. The sand and stone separating and cleaning device suitable for recycling the dregs according to claim 1, which is characterized by further comprising:
the feeding box is arranged above the muck pool and positioned on one side of the separating cylinder, and is used for storing muck excavated in shield construction;
and one end of the slag guide pipe is communicated with the feeding box, the other end of the slag guide pipe is communicated with the separating cylinder, and the slag soil in the feeding box is conveyed to the separating cylinder through the slag guide pipe.
3. The sand-stone separating and cleaning device suitable for recycling the muck as claimed in claim 1, wherein a water spraying pipe capable of spraying water into the separating cylinder to clean stones is arranged above the separating cylinder; the pipe wall of the water spraying pipe is provided with a plurality of through holes which are uniformly distributed along the length direction.
4. The sand and stone separating and cleaning device suitable for recycling of the dregs according to claim 1, wherein the vibration table comprises:
the filter screen is arranged above the residue soil pool and used for filtering water in sand in a vibration process, and pores of the filter screen are smaller than the particle size of sand particles; the filter screen is positioned above the third collecting tank, one side of the filter screen is adjacent to the third collecting tank, the filter screen is obliquely arranged towards the third collecting tank, and the sand filtered by the filter screen is conveyed into the third collecting tank;
the mud guard is arranged on the side face of the filter screen and used for preventing the sand conveyed by the secondary sand cleaning device from falling into the residue soil pool from the side face of the vibration table;
the vibrating arm is arranged at the top of the mudguard and used for conducting vibration;
and the vibrator is arranged on the vibrating arm and used for driving the vibrating arm to vibrate.
5. A construction method for sand-stone separation and cleaning suitable for recycling of dregs is characterized by comprising the step of adopting the sand-stone separation and cleaning equipment suitable for recycling of dregs in any one of claims 1 to 4.
6. The construction method for separating and cleaning the sand and the stone suitable for recycling the dregs according to claim 5, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1: determining the slag output V of shield excavation;
s2: calculating the content of stones in the excavated muck according to the invasion height of the bedrock of the excavated surface, namely determining the content V of the stones in the muck R ；
S3: calculating the sand content eta of the sand-containing muck separated by the separating cylinder;
s4: adjusting the angular velocity w of the blade of the first-stage sand cleaning device rotating around the wheel axle according to the sand content eta obtained in the step S3 1 ；
S5: determining the angular velocity w of a blade of a secondary sand cleaning device rotating about a wheel axis 2 And w is 2 ＝λw 1 Wherein, lambda is a rotation speed amplification factor;
s6: and (4) recycling the stones collected by the first collecting tank and the sand collected by the third collecting tank.
7. The construction method for sand and stone separation and cleaning suitable for residue soil recycling according to claim 6, wherein the S4: angular velocity w of blades of the primary sand cleaning device 1 The following formula is satisfied:
wherein eta is the sand content; l is the distance between a sludge box of the primary sand cleaning device and a sludge box of the secondary sand cleaning device; r is the radius of the rim; g is gravity acceleration, and is 9.8m/s 2 (ii) a h is the height of a sludge box of the primary sand cleaning device.
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| CN202110258737.3A CN113042193B (en) | 2021-03-10 | 2021-03-10 | Sand-stone separation and cleaning equipment suitable for recycling of muck and construction method |
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| GB140616A (en) * | 1919-04-15 | 1920-04-01 | James Henry Harrison | Improvements in or relating to apparatus for washing coal, coke, sand and other materials |
| US7506766B2 (en) * | 2006-01-31 | 2009-03-24 | General Kinematics Corporation | Apparatuses and methods for separating mixed materials |
| CN203484221U (en) * | 2013-09-26 | 2014-03-19 | 汤奇岳 | Sand washing system |
| CN210230263U (en) * | 2019-04-24 | 2020-04-03 | 洛阳隆鼎环保科技有限公司 | Double-wheel sand washing and recycling integrated machine |
| CN111203315B (en) * | 2019-12-27 | 2024-04-16 | 程泉 | Engineering dregs and sand separating system |
| CN111282707A (en) * | 2020-03-19 | 2020-06-16 | 深圳市工勘岩土集团有限公司 | Washing, filtering, purifying and separating system and method for sandy soil in foundation pit excavation |
| CN212375056U (en) * | 2020-04-13 | 2021-01-19 | 深圳市工勘岩土集团有限公司 | One-stop foundation pit soil treatment system |
| CN112317123A (en) * | 2020-10-16 | 2021-02-05 | 魏雪 | Concrete recovery sand and stone separator for building engineering |
| CN214487326U (en) * | 2021-03-10 | 2021-10-26 | 中铁十六局集团北京轨道交通工程建设有限公司 | Grit separation cleaning equipment suitable for dregs recycle |
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