CN113037351A - Space-time joint broadband interference resisting method for shaped antenna - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention relates to a space-time joint broadband interference resisting method for a shaped antenna, which comprises the following steps: s1: acquiring space domain data received by a shaped antenna; s2: establishing a space-time joint received data matrix according to the spatial domain data, and calculating to obtain a space-time joint received data autocorrelation matrix according to the space-time joint received data matrix; s3: calculating to obtain a space-time joint steering vector of the shaped antenna; s4: and obtaining a space-time optimal weight according to the space-time joint received data autocorrelation matrix and the space-time joint guide vector. Compared with the traditional airspace anti-interference method, the space-time combined broadband interference resisting method for the shaped antenna can resist broadband interference, improves the degree of freedom of the system, and can resist more narrowband interference under the condition of not increasing the number of array elements.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of signal and information processing, and particularly relates to a space-time joint broadband interference resisting method for a shaped antenna.
Background
With the rapid development of satellite communication, a satellite communication system may encounter a complex interference scenario, and when active interference is received, an adaptive filtering technology adopted by a conventional anti-interference technology is difficult to deal with, so that a novel anti-interference technology needs to be researched for improving the anti-interference capability of the satellite communication system.
Active interference of a spread spectrum communication system can be divided into narrow-band aiming type interference and wide-band pressing type interference, wherein the wide-band pressing type interference can be divided into linear frequency modulation interference, pulse interference and the like. The broadband interference is characterized in that the signal bandwidth is gradually increased along with the increase of the signal transmission rate, and the broadband interference signal in the satellite communication has larger and larger influence on the system communication.
At present, a mature anti-interference method is mainly researched in the fields of time domain, frequency domain, space domain, polarization domain and the like. The space domain anti-interference technology mainly utilizes an array signal processing technology, utilizes space domain freedom degrees, the space domain freedom degrees are related to array element numbers, and the increase of the array element numbers to improve the freedom degrees is difficult to realize in engineering practice. Because the signal envelope delay of the narrow-band signal on the array element is negligible, the narrow-band signal only has phase difference, the bandwidth of the broadband signal is wide, the envelope delay of the signal on each array element is not negligible, and in order to compensate the signal envelope delay on each array element, the time domain weighting is used for completing the focusing of the broadband signal. The common spatial filtering method can only realize the phase difference of the complementary narrow-band signals (the signal envelope delay of the narrow-band signals on the array elements is negligible), so the common spatial filtering method can not resist the broadband interference.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the above problems in the prior art, the present invention provides a space-time joint wideband interference cancellation method for a shaped antenna. The technical problem to be solved by the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
the invention provides a space-time joint broadband interference resisting method for a shaped antenna, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1: acquiring space domain data received by a shaped antenna;
s2: establishing a space-time joint received data matrix according to the space domain data, and calculating to obtain a space-time joint received data autocorrelation matrix according to the space-time joint received data matrix;
s3: calculating to obtain a space-time joint steering vector of the shaped antenna;
s4: and obtaining a space-time optimal weight according to the space-time joint received data autocorrelation matrix and the space-time joint guide vector.
In an embodiment of the present invention, in S1, the spatial data received by the shaped antenna at the same delay node is:
wherein x iss(s is more than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to M) represents the received data of the s-th array element, M represents the number of array elements of the shaped antenna, n represents the number of time domain sampling points, I represents the number of interference signals,
represents the direction vector of the ith interference signal, theta represents the azimuth angle of the signal,
representing the pitch angle, s, of the signali(n) represents the ith wideband signal and noise represents additive white gaussian noise.
In an embodiment of the present invention, in S2, the space-time joint received data matrix is:
xst(t)＝[x11(t),…,x1P(t),…,xM1(t),…,xMP(t)]T，
wherein, M represents the array element number of the shaped antenna, P represents the delay node number, t represents the frequency domain sampling point number, xmnM is more than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to M, n is more than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to P) represents the received data of the nth delay section of the mth array element, and T represents transposition;
in an embodiment of the present invention, in S2, the autocorrelation matrix of the space-time joint received data is calculated according to the following formula:
wherein M isstRepresenting the number of space-time two-dimensional data samples, xst(t) represents the space-time joint received data matrix, and H represents a conjugate transpose.
In an embodiment of the present invention, in S3, the space-time joint steering vector of the shaped antenna is calculated according to the following formula:
ws＝ampi*phai
wherein, at(P) denotes a time-domain steering vector, wsA set of static weights, f, representing the shaped antennamRepresenting the centre frequency, T, of the broadband signalsRepresenting the sampling frequency f of a broadband signalsP represents the number of delay sections, amp represents the magnitude of the static weights, pha represents the phase of the static weights, i represents the number of interfering signals,
representing the Kronecker product, which represents the product.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the S4 includes: according to the space-time optimal weight w obtained by the sampling covariance matrix inversion algorithm,
wherein R isst -1Is RstInverse of the matrix, RstRepresenting a space-time joint received data autocorrelation matrix, astRepresents a space-time joint steering vector, represents a product, and H represents a conjugate transpose.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
compared with the traditional airspace anti-interference method, the space-time combined broadband interference resisting method for the shaped antenna can resist broadband interference, improves the degree of freedom of the system, and can resist more narrowband interference under the condition of not increasing the number of array elements.
The foregoing description is only an overview of the technical solutions of the present invention, and in order to make the technical means of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention may be implemented in accordance with the content of the description, and in order to make the above and other objects, features, and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the following preferred embodiments are described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a flowchart of a space-time joint wideband interference cancellation method for a shaped antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a flowchart of a space-time joint wideband interference cancellation method for a shaped antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a structural diagram of space-time two-dimensional adaptive processing according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a diagram of a directional diagram and a contour diagram of a multi-beam forming antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a simulation result diagram of a space-time joint broadband interference rejection method according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a directional diagram of a conventional spatial domain anti-interference method against 6 wideband interference signals;
fig. 7 is a directional diagram of the space-time joint broadband interference rejection method according to the embodiment of the present invention when 6 broadband interference signals are rejected;
FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view of FIG. 7;
fig. 9 is a frequency direction diagram of a simulation result of the space-time joint broadband interference rejection method according to the embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 10 is a directional diagram of a conventional spatial domain anti-interference method against 8 narrowband interference signals;
fig. 11 is a directional diagram of the space-time joint wideband interference cancellation method provided by the embodiment of the present invention for canceling 8 narrowband interference signals;
fig. 12 is a frequency distribution diagram of 6 wideband signals provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
To further illustrate the technical means and effects of the present invention adopted to achieve the predetermined object, the following detailed description is provided with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments for a space-time joint wideband interference cancellation method for a shaped antenna according to the present invention.
The foregoing and other technical matters, features and effects of the present invention will be apparent from the following detailed description of the embodiments, which is to be read in connection with the accompanying drawings. The technical means and effects of the present invention adopted to achieve the predetermined purpose can be more deeply and specifically understood through the description of the specific embodiments, however, the attached drawings are provided for reference and description only and are not used for limiting the technical scheme of the present invention.
Example one
Referring to fig. 1-fig. 2 in combination, fig. 1 is a flowchart of a space-time joint wideband interference cancellation method for a shaped antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention, and fig. 2 is a flowchart of the space-time joint wideband interference cancellation method for the shaped antenna according to the embodiment of the present invention. As shown in the figure, the space-time joint wideband interference cancellation method for shaped antennas of this embodiment includes:
s1: acquiring space domain data received by a shaped antenna;
in the practical application process, the echo data received by the antenna is subjected to signal sampling, digital down-conversion and amplitude-phase error correction to obtain the required spatial domain data.
In this embodiment, the spatial domain data received by the shaped antenna is obtained by establishing a spatial domain data model received by the shaped antenna. Specifically, a multi-beam forming antenna is adopted, main lobe forming is considered, the forming antenna comprises a plurality of beams, antenna array elements are arranged according to a certain area array structure, and beam forming is realized by a group of static weights comprising amplitude (dB) information and phase (DEG) information on the multi-beam forming. The coverage range of the shaped antenna is ± 1.0 °, please refer to fig. 4, where fig. 4 is a directional diagram and a contour diagram of the multi-beam shaped antenna provided by the embodiment of the present invention, where (a) is the directional diagram and (b) is the contour diagram.
Specifically, the spatial data received by the shaped antenna under the same delay node is:
wherein x iss(s is more than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to M) represents the received data of the s-th array element, M represents the number of array elements of the shaped antenna, n represents the number of time domain sampling points, I represents the number of interference signals,
represents the direction vector of the ith interference signal, theta represents the azimuth angle of the signal,
representing the pitch angle, s, of the signali(n) represents the ith broadband interference signal, and noise represents additive white gaussian noise.
Further, the direction vector of the interference signal
The space domain steering vector of the shaped antenna under the corresponding azimuth and pitch angle is searched to obtain:
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the space domain guide vector of the shaped antenna is obtained by detection
i represents the number of interfering signals.
In the present embodiment, the wideband signal is a chirp signal, and the chirp signal is obtained by performing a certain parameter setting and performing an analog simulation. With reference to table 1, the parameter settings are expressed as follows:
s(t)＝u(t)exp(j2πf0t) (3)，
where u (t) represents the complex envelope of the signal.
Wherein f is0Is the center frequency, T is the pulse width; mu is B/T is the frequency modulation slope, B is the frequency modulation bandwidth, and when the signal is a continuous signal, T is equal to the ratio of the number of time domain sampling points to the sampling frequency.
TABLE 1 parameter settings
S2: establishing a space-time joint received data matrix according to the spatial domain data, and calculating to obtain a space-time joint received data autocorrelation matrix according to the space-time joint received data matrix;
specifically, in S2, the space-time joint received data matrix is:
xst(t)＝[x11(t),…,x1P(t),…,xM1(t),…,xMP(t)]T (5)，
wherein, M represents the array element number of the shaped antenna, P represents the delay node number, t represents the frequency domain sampling point number, xmn(M is more than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to M, n is more than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to P) represents the received data of the nth delay section of the mth array element,t denotes transposition.
And calculating a space-time joint received data autocorrelation matrix according to the following formula:
wherein M isstRepresenting the number of space-time two-dimensional data samples, xst(t) denotes a space-time joint received data matrix, and H denotes a conjugate transpose.
Referring to fig. 3 in combination, fig. 3 is a structural diagram of space-time two-dimensional adaptive processing according to an embodiment of the present invention. The freedom of the space-time adaptive processing structure with M array elements and P delay sections is MP-1. When the interference is a plurality of broadband signals, the interference can be effectively suppressed by using a higher degree of freedom, the interference resolution and suppression effect are higher compared with the spatial domain processing, and the degree of freedom is increased without adding array elements. The space-time two-dimensional adaptive processing is to extend the single-dimensional domain processing of a time domain and a space domain to a two-dimensional domain and then perform certain operation, and needs to perform weighting processing on different time tap signals in each array element channel. Space-time data are obtained through sampling of different array elements and delay sections, and the result of multiplying and adding each path of data by a self-adaptive weight is the anti-interference effect.
S3: calculating to obtain a space-time joint steering vector of the shaped antenna;
specifically, in S3, the space-time joint steering vector of the shaped antenna is calculated according to the following formula:
in the formula, at(P) denotes a time-domain steering vector, wsA set of static weights for the shaped antenna is represented,
representing the Kronecker product.
Wherein the content of the first and second substances,
ws＝ampi*phai (9)，
in the formula (f)mRepresenting the centre frequency, T, of the broadband signalsRepresenting the sampling frequency f of a broadband signalsP represents the number of delay sections, amp represents the magnitude of the static weights, pha represents the phase of the static weights, i represents the number of interfering signals, and a represents the product.
It should be noted that, in practical applications, the static weights of the shaped antennas are related to the antenna model and are known.
S4: and obtaining a space-time optimal weight according to the space-time joint received data autocorrelation matrix and the space-time joint guide vector.
Specifically, according to the space-time optimal weight w obtained by the inverse algorithm of the sampling covariance matrix,
wherein R isst -1Is RstInverse of the matrix, RstRepresenting a space-time joint received data autocorrelation matrix, astRepresents a space-time joint steering vector, represents a product, and H represents a conjugate transpose.
And obtaining a directional diagram when resisting the broadband interference signal according to the space-time optimal weight w.
Referring to fig. 5, fig. 5 is a simulation result diagram of the space-time joint wideband interference rejection method according to the embodiment of the present invention. In the figure, the x and y axes represent azimuth angle and pitch angle, respectively, the z axis represents signal gain, and (a) the figure is a directional diagram at low frequency, (b) the figure is a directional diagram at medium frequency, and (c) the figure is a directional diagram at high frequency.
Example two
In this embodiment, performance comparison is performed on the conventional airspace anti-interference method and the space-time joint broadband interference resisting method provided in the first embodiment through a simulation experiment. Referring to fig. 6 and 7, fig. 6 is a directional diagram of the conventional spatial domain interference rejection method against 6 wideband interference signals; fig. 7 is a directional diagram of the space-time joint broadband interference rejection method according to the embodiment of the present invention, when 6 broadband interference signals are rejected. In the figure, the x and y axes represent azimuth and elevation angles, respectively, the z axis represents signal gain, and the pattern of figure 7 is plotted at a frequency of 3.88 MHz.
In the present embodiment, the specific simulation parameter values of the broadband interference signal are set as the following table 2:
TABLE 2 specific simulation parameter values for broadband interference signals
The SMI algorithm (beam forming algorithm) is adopted for resisting broadband interference, the traditional airspace anti-interference result is shown in fig. 6, it can be seen that the interference position at the time can not effectively form a notch, 5 inaccurate wide notches are formed at the positions of-0.7 to-0.2, and the countermeasure broadband signal needs to be subjected to space-time two-dimensional processing, wherein the frequency distribution diagram of the broadband signal is shown in fig. 12.
The space-time joint anti-interference is adopted, the SMI weight is used for anti-interference, as a result, as shown in figure 7, a space-time directional diagram is drawn at a 3.88MHz frequency point where all signals have frequency domain components, and it can be clearly seen that 6 interferences with frequency components at the point form accurate notches at the corresponding azimuth pitching positions.
Further, please refer to fig. 8 and 9 in combination, fig. 8 is a cross-sectional view of fig. 7; fig. 9 is a frequency direction diagram of a simulation result of the space-time joint wideband interference rejection method according to the embodiment of the present invention. In fig. 8, the x-axis represents the pitch angle and the z-axis represents the signal gain, and the pattern is plotted at an azimuth angle θ of-0.8 °. In fig. 9, the x-axis represents frequency information, the y-axis represents a signal pitch angle, and the pattern is plotted at an azimuth angle θ of-0.8 °.
As can be seen from fig. 8 and 9, the space-time pattern is plotted at-0.8 ° where the pitch is located, and there are all 6 interferers at that angle, and it can be clearly seen in the frequency domain that 6 wide notches are formed in the frequency band corresponding to the 6 interferers.
With respect to the simulation results of fig. 6 to fig. 9, it can be seen that the space-time structure of the present embodiment has great advantages in dealing with the problem of broadband interference resistance. Firstly, the degree of freedom of a space-time structure system is far greater than that of a traditional space-domain structure system, so that the space-time joint anti-interference method can overcome a plurality of narrow-band interferences exceeding the number of array elements, meanwhile, common space-domain filtering can only realize the completion of phase differences of narrow-band signals (the signal envelope delay of the narrow-band signals on the array elements is negligible), because the bandwidth of broadband signals is wide, the envelope delay of the signals on each array element is not negligible, and in order to complete the signal envelope delay on each array element, the time-domain weighting is used for completing the focusing of the broadband signals. Compared with the traditional airspace anti-interference method, the space-time combined broadband interference resisting method of the embodiment can resist broadband interference signals, and the space-time structure can distinguish the broadband interference in frequency domains and form wide notches in the frequency domain ranges corresponding to the broadband interference respectively, so that interference suppression can be performed more accurately, which cannot be achieved by the airspace structure.
Furthermore, performance comparison is performed on the conventional airspace anti-interference method and the space-time joint broadband interference resisting method provided by the first embodiment through a simulation experiment. Referring to fig. 10 and fig. 11, fig. 10 is a directional diagram of a conventional spatial domain anti-interference method against 8 narrowband interference signals; fig. 11 is a directional diagram of the space-time joint wideband interference cancellation method provided in the embodiment of the present invention for canceling 8 narrowband interference signals. In fig. 10, the x and y axes represent the azimuth angle and the pitch angle, respectively, and the z axis represents the signal gain, and in fig. 11, the x and y axes represent the pitch angle and the frequency range, respectively, and the z axis represents the signal gain, and the pattern is plotted at an azimuth angle θ of-0.8 °.
In this embodiment, the specific simulation parameter values of the narrowband interference signal are set as the following table 3:
TABLE 3 specific simulation parameter values for narrow-band interference signals
The SMI algorithm is adopted to resist narrow-band interference, the traditional airspace anti-interference result is shown in figure 10, and it can be seen that the interference position at the moment can not effectively form a notch, and an inaccurate wide notch is formed at the position of-0.9 to-0.2.
Adopt space-time joint anti-jamming, carry out anti-jamming with the SMI weight, the result is shown in fig. 11, for convenient drawing, draws the space-time directional diagram at theta-0.8, and the every single move is located there is whole 8 interference at this angle department, can clearly see on the frequency domain, and 8 notches have been formed to the frequency point that this 8 interfering signal corresponds.
From the above analysis, it can be seen that, for the shaped antenna, the conventional spatial domain anti-interference can only maintain good performance when there are at most 6 narrow-band interferences, and when the number of interferences exceeds 6, nulls cannot be accurately formed at corresponding positions. However, when the space-time joint interference resistance of the embodiment is used for resisting more than 6 narrow-band interferences, the notch can be accurately formed at the corresponding position, so that the interference signal at the position is eliminated. Due to the fact that the degree of freedom of the system is improved, under the condition that the number of array elements is not increased, more narrow-band interference can be resisted.
In addition, compared with the traditional airspace anti-interference method, the space-time joint broadband interference resistance method of the embodiment can not only resist broadband interference signals, can make the broadband interference distinguish in frequency domains, and respectively form wide notches in respective corresponding frequency domain ranges, thereby more accurately performing interference suppression, but also can resist more narrowband interference under the condition of not increasing the number of array elements due to the improvement of the degree of freedom of the system.
It should be noted that, in this document, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that an article or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising an … …" does not exclude the presence of additional like elements in the article or device comprising the element.
The foregoing is a more detailed description of the invention in connection with specific preferred embodiments and it is not intended that the invention be limited to these specific details. For those skilled in the art to which the invention pertains, several simple deductions or substitutions can be made without departing from the spirit of the invention, and all shall be considered as belonging to the protection scope of the invention.
Claims (6)
1. A space-time joint broadband interference resistant method for shaped antennas is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1: acquiring space domain data received by a shaped antenna;
s2: establishing a space-time joint received data matrix according to the space domain data, and calculating to obtain a space-time joint received data autocorrelation matrix according to the space-time joint received data matrix;
s3: calculating to obtain a space-time joint steering vector of the shaped antenna;
s4: and obtaining a space-time optimal weight according to the space-time joint received data autocorrelation matrix and the space-time joint guide vector.
2. A space-time joint wideband interference cancellation method for a shaped antenna according to claim 1, wherein in S1, the spatial data received by the shaped antenna at the same delay time is:
wherein x iss(s is more than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to M) represents the received data of the s-th array element, M represents the number of array elements of the shaped antenna, n represents the number of time domain sampling points, I represents the number of interference signals,
represents the direction vector of the ith interference signal, theta represents the azimuth angle of the signal,
representing the pitch angle, s, of the signali(n) represents the ith wideband signal and noise represents additive white gaussian noise.
3. A space-time joint wideband interference cancellation method for shaped antennas according to claim 1, wherein in S2, the space-time joint received data matrix is:
xst(t)＝[x11(t),…,x1P(t),…,xM1(t),…,xMP(t)]T，
wherein, M represents the array element number of the shaped antenna, P represents the delay node number, t represents the frequency domain sampling point number, xmnAnd (M is more than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to M, n is more than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to P) represents the received data of the nth delay section of the mth array element, and T represents transposition.
4. A space-time joint wideband interference cancellation method for shaped antennas according to claim 1, wherein in S2, the autocorrelation matrix of the space-time joint received data is calculated according to the following formula:
wherein M isstRepresenting the number of space-time two-dimensional data samples, xst(t) represents the space-time joint received data matrix, and H represents a conjugate transpose.
5. A space-time joint wideband interference cancellation method for a shaped antenna according to claim 1, wherein in S3, the space-time joint steering vector of the shaped antenna is calculated according to the following formula:
ws＝ampi*phai，
wherein, at(P) denotes a time-domain steering vector, wsA set of static weights, f, representing the shaped antennamRepresenting the centre frequency, T, of the broadband signalsRepresenting the sampling frequency f of a broadband signalsP represents the number of delay sections, amp represents the magnitude of the static weights, pha represents the phase of the static weights, i represents the number of interfering signals,
representing the Kronecker product, which represents the product.
6. A space-time joint wideband interference cancellation method for shaped antennas according to claim 1, wherein the S4 includes: according to the space-time optimal weight w obtained by the sampling covariance matrix inversion algorithm,
wherein R isst -1Is RstInverse of the matrix, RstRepresenting a space-time joint received data autocorrelation matrix, astRepresents a space-time joint steering vector, represents a product, and H represents a conjugate transpose.
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