CN113036845B - Battery pack balancing strategy based on available capacity of battery cell - Google Patents
Battery pack balancing strategy based on available capacity of battery cell Download PDFInfo
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- CN113036845B CN113036845B CN202110248414.6A CN202110248414A CN113036845B CN 113036845 B CN113036845 B CN 113036845B CN 202110248414 A CN202110248414 A CN 202110248414A CN 113036845 B CN113036845 B CN 113036845B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/0013—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries acting upon several batteries simultaneously or sequentially
- H02J7/0014—Circuits for equalisation of charge between batteries
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/007—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage
- H02J7/0071—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage with a programmable schedule
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/007—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage
- H02J7/00712—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage the cycle being controlled or terminated in response to electric parameters
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
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- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Secondary Cells (AREA)
- Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a battery pack balancing strategy based on available capacity of a battery cell, which comprises the following steps: after the battery management system is electrified and works, judging whether the state of the battery pack meets the balance requirement, and determining the battery cell with the lowest available capacity in the battery pack as a ShrtCell according to the capacity of each battery cell in the battery pack; judging whether the standing time of the battery pack is more than a hours or not; if not, closing all the balance channels; if so, calculating the charge quantity required to be balanced by each battery cell; turning on the equalizing channel equalizes the amount of charge that needs to be equalized. The available charge quantity of the ShrtCell cell is used as a balance reference, so that the phenomenon of over-balance when the cell capacities are inconsistent is avoided. The ShrtCell storage information is refreshed regularly, the state of the available charge of the battery cell of the battery pack is dynamically changed, the intelligent degree is high, and the service life of the battery is prolonged.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of battery pack management, in particular to a battery pack balancing strategy based on available capacity of a battery cell.
Background
Due to the differences in the manufacturing and using processes, the power battery cells are naturally inconsistent. The inconsistency is mainly expressed in monomer capacity, internal resistance, self-discharge rate, charge and discharge efficiency and the like. The inconsistency of the monomers is conducted to the power battery pack, so that the capacity loss of the power battery pack is inevitably brought, and the service life is further reduced. The inconsistency of the battery cells is further worsened by the influence of random factors such as temperature and SOC inconsistency with the passage of time. The trend cannot be reversed, but can intervene, reducing its rate of deterioration. For example, the battery management system is used for balancing the battery cells, and the balancing control method is mainly divided into two balancing modes based on the terminal voltage of the battery and the state of charge (SOC) of the battery. For example, a "vehicle-mounted power battery equalization strategy based on battery charge-electric state" disclosed in chinese patent literature, publication No. CN107452998A includes a vehicle-mounted power battery equalization strategy based on battery charge-electric state, which is suitable for the charging and discharging dynamic process of the vehicle-mounted power battery, and specifically includes: the on and off of the equalization function depends on the variation trend of the open-circuit voltage of the battery. When the open-circuit voltage of the battery is in an uneven interval, the battery is turned off in a balanced manner; when the open-circuit voltage of the battery is in a flat interval, the battery is balanced and started. And a chinese patent document discloses "a method and apparatus for equalizing battery cells of a battery pack", which publication No. CN104852414A includes the following steps: collecting the voltage, the current and the internal resistance of each section of battery cell of the battery pack; calculating to obtain a judgment voltage value of each battery cell of the battery pack according to the voltage, the current and the internal resistance of each battery cell of the battery pack; and executing balance correction according to the judgment voltage value and the balance condition of each battery cell of the battery pack. According to the two schemes, under the condition that the capacities of the battery packs are inconsistent, the balancing strategy based on the SOC and the voltage has the problem of error balancing.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a balancing strategy based on available capacity of a battery cell to solve the problem that the voltage balancing strategy of a battery pack is in error balancing under the condition that the capacities of the battery packs are inconsistent in the battery balancing method in the prior art, and avoids error balancing under the condition.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a battery pack balancing strategy based on available capacity of battery cells is characterized by comprising the following steps: judging whether the state of the battery pack meets the balance requirement or not after the battery management system is electrified and works, and determining the battery cell with the lowest available capacity in the battery pack as a ShrtCell according to the capacity of each battery cell in the battery pack; calculating the electric charge quantity required to be balanced by each electric core in a battery standing state; and starting an equalizing channel to equalize the charge quantity required to be equalized. And searching the ShrtCell, and taking the ShrtCell as a reference to avoid the phenomenon of over-balance caused by balance execution under the condition of inconsistent cell capacities.
Preferably, the determining that the cell with the lowest available capacity in the battery pack is labeled as ShrtCell includes:
step S1: judging whether the ShrtCell cell is not updated within delta days or not, if not, clearing the ShrtCell cell and the updating time in the storage unit, and then executing the step S2, and if so, executing the step S2; wherein δ is a time threshold;
step S2: the battery pack management system acquires cell voltage CellVltg and current CellCurr;
and step S3: judging whether each battery cell abs (CellCurr) is less than or equal to LoCurrThd and whether CellVltg is less than or equal to LoVltgThd after t seconds; if so, marking the minimum cell voltage as a ShrtCell cell, updating the serial number and the current time of the ShrtCell cell to a storage unit, and then executing the step 2 until the battery pack management system is powered off; if not, executing the step 2, and circulating until the battery pack management system is powered off; wherein LoCurrThd is a low current threshold, and LoVltgThd is a low voltage threshold;
firstly, searching a battery cell with the lowest available capacity in a battery pack, marking the battery cell as a ShrtCell, and then calculating the charge quantity of each battery cell to be balanced according to the battery cell voltage and the ShrtCell battery cell when the battery pack is kept still for a long enough time; and finally, balancing redundant charge quantity through the balancing resistor, and avoiding the phenomenon of mistaken balancing of the battery pack.
Preferably, the calculating the amount of charge that needs to be balanced off for each cell in the static state of the battery includes: and step S4: confirming the state of charge SOC (i) of the single battery cell;
step S5: calculating the available charge quantity Q (i) = SOC (i) × Cap of each cell according to the charge state of charge SOC (i) of the cell and the rated capacity Cap of the battery pack;
step S6: based on the ShrtCell cells, the charge amount Blc _ Q (i) that equalizes the available charge amount of all cells to the required equalization within Delta _ Q of the available charge amount of the ShrtCell cells is calculated, where Delta _ Q = a.
Step S7: judging that Blc _ Q (i) is less than or equal to 0, if not, closing all balance channels, if so, updating and calculating the charge amount Blc _ Q (i) = Blc _ Q (i) -StepTim CellVltg/BlcRes required to be balanced, and opening the balance channels with Blc _ (i) >0, wherein StepTim is the time period scheduled by the balance strategy; blcores, the resistance of the balancing resistor.
The amount of available electric charge of the ShrtCell electric core is used as a balance reference, the phenomenon of over-balance which is easy to occur under the condition that the capacities of the electric cores are inconsistent is avoided, the ShrtCell storage information is periodically refreshed, the state of the available electric charge of the electric core of the battery pack is dynamically followed, the intelligent degree is high, and the service life of the battery is prolonged.
Preferably, the determining whether the battery pack state meets the balancing requirement includes: judging whether the standing time of the battery pack is more than a hours or not; if not, closing all the balance channels; if yes, the battery state meets the balance requirement. And the balance of starting after the battery pack is kept still for a hour is ensured, so that the battery pack is in a complete static state, and the accuracy of electric quantity estimation is improved.
Preferably, the determining the cell state of charge SOC (i) includes: and inquiring the OCV table by using the cell voltage CellVltg and the cell temperature to obtain the state of charge SOC (i) of each cell.
Preferably, the calculation equalizes the amount of charge available to all cells to a desired amount of equalized charge Blc _ Q (i) = Q (i) -Q (ShrtCell) -Delta _ Q within the range of the amount of charge available to the ShrtCell cells remaining Delta _ Q, where Delta _ Q = a × Cap. The available charge quantity of the ShrtCell cell is used as a balance reference, so that the phenomenon of over-balance caused by balance execution under the condition of inconsistent cell capacities is avoided
Preferably, b is not less than 1. And the balance of starting the battery pack after the battery pack is kept still for b hours is ensured, so that the battery pack is in a complete static state, and the accuracy of electric quantity estimation is improved.
Therefore, the invention has the following beneficial effects: (1) The available charge quantity of the ShrtCell cell is used as a balance reference, so that the phenomenon of over-balance caused by balance execution under the condition of inconsistent cell capacities is avoided. (2) And the balance of starting the battery pack after the battery pack is kept still for b hours is ensured, so that the battery pack is in a complete static state, and the accuracy of electric quantity estimation is improved. (3) The ShrtCell storage information is refreshed regularly, the state of the available charge of the battery cell of the battery pack is dynamically changed, the intelligent degree is high, and the service life of the battery is prolonged.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a flowchart of acquiring a ShrtCell cell in an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a flow chart of battery pack balancing according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described with reference to the following detailed description and accompanying drawings.
Example (b):
as shown in fig. 1 to 2, a battery pack balancing strategy based on available cell capacity includes the following steps: after the battery management system is electrified and works, judging whether the state of the battery pack meets the balance requirement, and determining the battery cell with the lowest available capacity in the battery pack as a ShrtCell according to the capacity of each battery cell in the battery pack; determining a cell with the lowest available capacity in the battery pack:
step S1: judging whether the ShrtCell cell is not updated within 15 days, if not, clearing the ShrtCell cell and the updating time in the storage unit, and then executing the step S2, and if so, executing the step S2;
step S2: the battery pack management system acquires cell voltage CellVltg and current CellCurr;
and step S3: lasting for 10 seconds, judging whether each battery cell meets abs (CellCurr) or less LoCurrThd, and CellVltg or less LoVltgThd; if so, marking the minimum cell voltage as a ShrtCell cell, updating the serial number and the current time of the ShrtCell cell to a storage unit, and then executing the step 2 until the battery pack management system is powered off; if not, executing the step 2, and circulating until the battery pack management system is powered off; wherein, loCurrThd is a low current threshold value which is generally 2A, loVltgThd is a low voltage threshold value which is generally 3.1V for a common lithium iron phosphate battery, and a ternary battery is 3.4V; the ShrtCell storage information is refreshed regularly, the state of the available charge of the battery cell of the battery pack is dynamically changed, the intelligent degree is high, and the service life of the battery is prolonged.
Judging whether the battery pack standing time is longer than 2 hours, and ensuring that the battery pack is started to be balanced after standing for 2 hours, so that the battery pack is in a complete standing state, and the accuracy of electric quantity estimation is improved; if not, closing all the balance channels; if so, the battery state meets the balance requirement, and the charge quantity required to be balanced by each electric core is calculated under the condition that the battery meets the balance requirement; the steps of calculating the balanced charge amount Blc _ Q (i) of each cell are as follows:
step S5: calculating the available charge quantity Q (i) = SOC (i) × Cap of each cell according to the charge state of charge SOC (i) of the cell and the rated capacity Cap of the battery pack;
step S6: based on the ShrtCell cell, calculating the charge amount Blc _ Q (i) = Q (i) -Q (ShrtCell) -Delta _ Q which balances the available charge amount of all cells to the required balance within the range of Delta _ Q, wherein Delta _ Q = a × Cap, and a is 0.05. The available charge quantity of the ShrtCell cell is used as a balance reference, so that the phenomenon of over-balance caused by balance execution under the condition of inconsistent cell capacities is avoided.
Step S7: judging that Blc _ Q (i) is less than or equal to 0, if not, closing all balance channels, if yes, updating and calculating the charge quantity Blc _ Q (i) = Blc _ Q (i) -StepTim CellVltg/BlcRes required to be balanced, opening the balance channels with Blc _ (i) >0, and starting balance resistors to balance redundant charge quantity, wherein StepTim is the time period scheduled by a balance strategy; blcores, the resistance of the balancing resistor, takes 50 ohms. And starting an equalizing channel to equalize the charge quantity required to be equalized.
The specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the spirit of the invention. Various modifications or additions may be made to the described embodiments or alternatives may be employed by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit or ambit of the invention as defined in the appended claims.
Although the terms balance, charge level, cell, etc. are used more herein, the possibility of using other terms is not excluded. These terms are used merely to more conveniently describe and explain the nature of the present invention; they are to be construed as being without limitation to any additional limitations that may be imposed by the spirit of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. A battery pack balancing strategy based on available capacity of battery cells is characterized by comprising the following steps: after the battery management system is electrified and works, judging whether the state of the battery pack meets the balance requirement, and determining the battery cell with the lowest available capacity in the battery pack as a ShrtCell according to the capacity of each battery cell in the battery pack; calculating the charge quantity to be balanced of each electric core in a battery standing state; starting a balance channel to balance the charge quantity required to be balanced;
the method for determining the cell with the lowest available capacity in the battery pack as the ShrtCell comprises the following steps:
step S1: judging whether the ShrtCell cell is not updated within delta days or not, if not, clearing the ShrtCell cell and the updating time in the storage unit, and then executing the step S2, and if so, executing the step S2; wherein δ is a time threshold;
step S2: the battery pack management system acquires cell voltage CellVltg and current CellCurr;
and step S3: judging whether each battery cell abs (CellCurr) is less than or equal to LoCurrThd and whether CellVltg is less than or equal to LoVltgThd after t seconds; if so, marking the minimum cell voltage as a ShrtCell cell, updating the serial number and the current time of the ShrtCell cell to a storage unit, and returning to the step S2 to circulate until the battery pack management system is powered off; if not, executing the step 2, and circulating until the battery pack management system is powered off; wherein LoCurrThd is a low current threshold, and LoVltgThd is a low voltage threshold;
the step of calculating the amount of charge to be balanced of each battery cell in the battery standing state comprises the following steps: and step S4: confirming the state of charge SOC (i) of the single battery cell;
step S5: calculating the available charge quantity Q (i) = SOC (i) × Cap of each cell according to the charge state of charge SOC (i) of the cell and the rated capacity Cap of the battery pack;
step S6: calculating the charge quantity Blc _ Q (i) which is used for balancing the available charge quantity of all the cells to be balanced and keeps the available charge quantity of the ShrtCell cells within the range of Delta _ Q by taking the ShrtCell cells as reference, wherein Delta _ Q = a × Cap;
step S7: judging that Blc _ Q (i) is less than or equal to 0, if not, closing all balance channels, if so, updating and calculating the charge quantity Blc _ Q (i) = Blc _ Q (i) -StepTim CellVltg/BlcRes required to be balanced, and opening the balance channels of Blc _ (i) >0, wherein StepTim is the time period scheduled by the balance strategy; blcores, the resistance of the balancing resistor.
2. The battery pack balancing strategy based on battery cell available capacity according to claim 1, wherein the determining whether the battery pack state meets the balancing requirement includes: judging whether the standing time of the battery pack is more than b hours; if not, closing all the balance channels; if yes, the battery state meets the balance requirement.
3. The battery pack balancing strategy based on the cell available capacity according to claim 1, wherein the determining the cell state of charge SOC (i) comprises: and inquiring the OCV table by using the cell voltage CellVltg and the cell temperature to obtain the state of charge SOC (i) of each cell.
4. The cell available capacity-based battery pack balancing strategy according to claim 1, wherein the calculation balances the amount of all available cell charges to a desired amount of charge Blc _ Q (i) = Q (ShrtCell) -Delta _ Q within a range of Delta _ Q, where Delta _ Q = a × Cap, that is balanced out.
5. The battery pack balancing strategy based on the cell available capacity of claim 4, wherein b is not less than 1.
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| TW535308B (en) * | 2000-05-23 | 2003-06-01 | Canon Kk | Detecting method for detecting internal state of a rechargeable battery, detecting device for practicing said detecting method, and instrument provided with said |
| CN104600387B (en) * | 2015-02-05 | 2016-11-23 | 青海时代新能源科技有限公司 | The active equalization method of ferric phosphate lithium cell group and system |
| CN108110336B (en) * | 2017-11-30 | 2020-05-05 | 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司 | Battery pack balance control method, device and equipment |
| CN108539300B (en) * | 2018-04-27 | 2020-06-19 | 上海蓝诺新能源技术有限公司 | Method and system for balancing electric quantity of battery pack |
| CN109742818A (en) * | 2018-12-18 | 2019-05-10 | 桑顿新能源科技有限公司 | Battery balanced appraisal procedure and device, computer equipment, storage medium |
| CN110880622A (en) * | 2019-10-15 | 2020-03-13 | 江西恒动新能源有限公司 | Equalization control method of battery pack |
| CN112213648B (en) * | 2019-10-30 | 2023-06-02 | 蜂巢能源科技有限公司 | Method and device for judging balanced opening of battery cells |
| CN111490304B (en) * | 2020-05-18 | 2021-09-07 | 重庆金康动力新能源有限公司 | Battery equalization enabling method and device, storage medium and battery pack |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN101917038A (en) * | 2010-08-05 | 2010-12-15 | 惠州市亿能电子有限公司 | Charge balancing control method of power battery pack |
| CN109017429A (en) * | 2018-10-09 | 2018-12-18 | 天津易众腾动力技术有限公司 | A kind of passive equalization algorithm of full working scope of power battery pack quantization |
| CN111211593A (en) * | 2020-01-02 | 2020-05-29 | 安徽锐能科技有限公司 | Temperature-based equalization control strategy, apparatus and storage medium |
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