CN113036177B - Fuel cell air circuit control system and fuel cell - Google Patents
Fuel cell air circuit control system and fuel cell Download PDFInfo
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- CN113036177B CN113036177B CN202110166418.XA CN202110166418A CN113036177B CN 113036177 B CN113036177 B CN 113036177B CN 202110166418 A CN202110166418 A CN 202110166418A CN 113036177 B CN113036177 B CN 113036177B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04082—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration
- H01M8/04089—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04007—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids related to heat exchange
- H01M8/04014—Heat exchange using gaseous fluids; Heat exchange by combustion of reactants
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04082—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration
- H01M8/04089—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants
- H01M8/04119—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants with simultaneous supply or evacuation of electrolyte; Humidifying or dehumidifying
- H01M8/04126—Humidifying
- H01M8/04141—Humidifying by water containing exhaust gases
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04082—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration
- H01M8/04201—Reactant storage and supply, e.g. means for feeding, pipes
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04313—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by the detection or assessment of variables; characterised by the detection or assessment of failure or abnormal function
- H01M8/04492—Humidity; Ambient humidity; Water content
- H01M8/045—Humidity; Ambient humidity; Water content of anode reactants at the inlet or inside the fuel cell
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04694—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by variables to be controlled
- H01M8/04955—Shut-off or shut-down of fuel cells
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
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- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
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- Fuel Cell (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a fuel cell air path control system and a fuel cell, wherein the fuel cell air path control system comprises an intercooler, a valve device, a humidifier and a galvanic pile which are sequentially communicated along the air flow direction; the valve means has an inlet opening to the intercooler, a first outlet opening to the humidifier, a second outlet opening to a first air flow path communicating with the air outlet of the stack, and a third outlet opening to a second air flow path between the humidifier and the stack; the inlet, the first outlet, the second outlet and the third outlet can be independently opened and closed. The fuel cell air path control system of the embodiment of the invention comprises a valve device positioned between the intercooler and the humidifier, wherein the valve device is provided with an inlet, a first outlet, a second outlet and a third outlet, and the inlet and the outlets can be independently opened and closed, so that the valve device is suitable for different working conditions of the fuel cell.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of fuel cells, in particular to a fuel cell air circuit control system and a fuel cell.
Background
In an oxyhydrogen fuel cell system, hydrogen is a fuel supply source of the system, and air compressed by an air compressor plays a role of an oxidant. In the three main circuits of the fuel cell system, namely 'empty, hydrogen and water', an air loop plays a vital role. Different working conditions of the fuel cell system will be faced when the fuel cell system works, so that the air requirements are different, the control system in the related technology is complex, and the actual requirements are difficult to meet.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention aims to solve at least one of the technical problems existing in the prior art. Therefore, the invention provides a fuel cell air circuit control system which can be suitable for different working conditions of a fuel cell.
The invention also provides a fuel cell applying the fuel cell air path control system.
The fuel cell air path control system according to the first embodiment of the invention includes an intercooler, a humidifier, and a stack that are sequentially communicated in an air flow direction;
further comprises:
a valve arrangement between the intercooler and the humidifier having an inlet to the intercooler, a first outlet to the humidifier, a second outlet to a first air flow path in communication with the air outlet of the stack, and a third outlet to a second air flow path between the humidifier and the stack;
the inlet, the first outlet, the second outlet and the third outlet can be independently opened and closed.
The fuel cell air path control system according to the embodiment of the invention has at least the following beneficial effects:
the fuel cell air path control system comprises a valve device positioned between the intercooler and the humidifier, wherein the valve device is provided with an inlet, a first outlet, a second outlet and a third outlet, and the inlet and the outlets can be independently opened and closed so as to adapt to different working conditions of the fuel cell.
According to some embodiments of the invention, when the inlet is in an open state, at least one of the first outlet, the second outlet and the third outlet is in an open state.
According to some embodiments of the invention, when the inlet and the first outlet are in an open state, the second outlet and the third outlet are in a closed state, so that all air output by the intercooler enters the electric pile after being humidified by the humidifier.
According to some embodiments of the invention, when the inlet, the first outlet and the second outlet are in an open state, the third outlet is in a closed state, so that a portion of the air output from the intercooler is bled off to the first air flow path.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the control system further comprises a flow sensor for detecting a flow rate of air entering the electric pile, and a control device for controlling opening and closing of the second outlet based on the flow rate value detected by the flow sensor and the air flow rate required by the electric pile.
According to some embodiments of the invention, when the inlet, the first outlet and the third outlet are in an open state, the second outlet is in a closed state, so that a part of the air output from the intercooler is mixed with the air humidified by the humidifier.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the air conditioner further comprises a humidity sensor and a control device, wherein the humidity sensor is used for detecting the humidity of the air entering the electric pile, and the control system is used for controlling the opening and closing of the third outlet based on the humidity value detected by the humidity sensor and the air humidity required by the electric pile.
According to some embodiments of the invention, when the inlet and the third outlet are in an open state, the first outlet and the second outlet are in a closed state, so that all air output by the intercooler bypasses the humidifier and enters the electric pile.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the inlet is in a closed state to shut off a third air flow path between the intercooler and the humidifier.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the stack is further provided in communication with the shut-off valve in the direction of air flow, the inlet is capable of being in a closed state to shut off a third air flow path between the intercooler and the humidifier, and the shut-off valve is capable of being in a closed state to shut off the first air flow path.
A fuel cell according to a second embodiment of the present invention includes the fuel cell air path control system.
Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention.
Drawings
The invention is further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples, in which:
fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a fuel cell air path control system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like or similar reference numerals refer to like or similar elements or elements having like or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below by referring to the drawings are illustrative only and are not to be construed as limiting the invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that references to orientation descriptions such as upper, lower, front, rear, left, right, etc. are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, are merely for convenience of description of the present invention and to simplify the description, and do not indicate or imply that the apparatus or elements referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, the meaning of a number is one or more, the meaning of a number is two or more, and greater than, less than, exceeding, etc. are understood to exclude the present number, and the meaning of a number is understood to include the present number. The description of the first and second is for the purpose of distinguishing between technical features only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated or implicitly indicating the precedence of the technical features indicated.
In the description of the present invention, unless explicitly defined otherwise, terms such as arrangement, installation, connection, etc. should be construed broadly and the specific meaning of the terms in the present invention can be reasonably determined by a person skilled in the art in combination with the specific contents of the technical scheme.
In the description of the present invention, the descriptions of the terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "illustrative embodiments," "examples," "specific examples," or "some examples," etc., mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiments or examples. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.
Referring to fig. 1, the air path control system for a fuel cell according to the embodiment of the present invention includes an air compressor 500, an intercooler 100, a humidifier 200, and a stack 300, which are sequentially connected in an air flow direction, and adjacent components are connected through connection pipes, thereby forming an air flow path, wherein an air filtering device is used for filtering impurities in air, the air compressor 500 is used for compressing air, the intercooler 100 is used for cooling the compressed air, and the humidifier 200 is used for humidifying the cooled air. It should be noted that the air compressor 500, the intercooler 100, the humidifier 200, and the electric pile 300 may all adopt known techniques.
The fuel cell air path control system further includes a valve device 400, the valve device 400 is located between the intercooler 100 and the humidifier 200, and has an inlet 410, a first outlet 420, a second outlet 430 and a third outlet 440, the inlet 410 is communicated with the air outlet of the intercooler 100 through a connecting pipe, the first outlet 420 is communicated with the air inlet of the humidifier 200 through a connecting pipe, the second outlet 430 is communicated with the first air flow path 810 through a connecting pipe, the first air flow path 810 is communicated with the air outlet 310 of the electric pile 300, the third outlet 440 is communicated with the second air flow path 820 through a connecting pipe, the second air flow path 820 is located between the humidifier 200 and the electric pile 300, one end is communicated with the air outlet of the humidifier 200, the other end is communicated with the air inlet of the electric pile 300, and the inlet 410, the first outlet 420, the second outlet 430 and the third outlet 440 can be independently opened and closed, thereby forming various control modes to adapt to different working conditions of the fuel cell.
It should be noted that the valve device 400 may be a member having an inlet 410, a first outlet 420, a second outlet 430, and a third outlet 440, where the inlet 410 and the outlets are in communication through a flow path. The valve device 400 may also be a combination of multiple independent valves, for example, one valve is used as a main path valve, and its inlet is used as the inlet 410 of the valve device 400, wherein three valves are used as branch valves connected in parallel to the main path valve at the outlet, and the outlets of the branch valves are respectively used as the first outlet 420, the second outlet 430 and the third outlet 440.
In the above-described fuel cell air path control system, when the inlet 410 is in an open state, at least one of the first outlet 420, the second outlet 430 and the third outlet 440 is in an open state, so as to perform functions such as air humidity adjustment, air flow adjustment or purging.
For example, when the fuel cell is in the medium current load state, the stack 300 has been started across the supercooler and the idle stage, the supply capacity of the air compressor 500 can meet the air flow requirement of the stack 300, and the humidification capacity of the humidifier 200 can meet the air humidity requirement of the stack 300, so that the second outlet 430 and the third outlet 440 can be closed when the inlet 410 and the first outlet 420 are in the open state, and at this time, all the air output by the intercooler 100 enters the stack 300 after being humidified by the humidifier 200.
For another example, when the fuel cell is in the idle state or the low current load-pulling state, the minimum supply capacity of the air compressor 500 may still exceed the requirement of meeting the air flow of the electric pile 300, so that the third outlet 440 may be closed when the inlet 410, the first outlet 420 and the second outlet 430 are in the open state, at this time, the air output from the intercooler 100 is divided into two parts by the valve device 400, wherein one part enters the electric pile 300 after being humidified by the humidifier 200, and the other part leaks to the first air flow path 810 after bypassing the humidifier 200 and the electric pile 300, so as to reduce the air flow entering the electric pile 300. In addition, the mode can also play a role in emergency pressure relief when the fuel cell fails.
As an improvement of the above-described fuel cell air path control system, it may further include a flow sensor for detecting the flow rate of air entering the stack 300 and a control device for controlling the opening and closing of the second outlet 430 based on the flow rate value detected by the flow sensor and the air flow rate required by the stack, thereby realizing automatic control.
For another example, when the fuel cell is in a medium-high current or peak current pull-load state, the sensitivity of the stack 300 to air humidity is extremely high, and the humidification capacity of the humidifier 200 may exceed the requirement of the stack 300 for air humidity, so that the second outlet 430 may be closed when the inlet 410, the first outlet 420 and the third outlet 440 are in an open state, at this time, the air output from the intercooler 100 is divided into two parts by the valve device 400, wherein one part of the air is humidified by the humidifier 200, and the other part of the air is mixed with the humidified air after bypassing the humidifier 200, thereby reducing the humidity of the air entering the stack 300.
As an improvement of the above-mentioned fuel cell air path control system, it may further include a humidity sensor for detecting the humidity of the air entering the stack 300 and a control device for controlling the opening and closing of the third outlet 440 based on the humidity value detected by the humidity sensor and the air humidity required by the stack, thereby realizing automatic control.
For another example, when the fuel cell needs to be purged by stopping, the first outlet 420 and the second outlet 430 may be closed when the inlet 410 and the third outlet 440 are in an open state, and at this time, all the air output by the intercooler 100 bypasses the humidifier 200 and enters the electric pile 300, and the electric pile 300 is purged by the high-flow air to remove the residual moisture in the electric pile 300.
After the fuel cell is shut down, hydrogen remains in the stack 300, and if air is continuously introduced into the stack 300, the remaining hydrogen reacts with oxygen to generate water, and the remaining water affects the life of the fuel cell, based on which the inlet 410 may be closed to shut off the third air flow path 830 between the intercooler 100 and the humidifier 200, thereby preventing air from entering the stack 300 from the air inlet of the stack 300.
As an improvement of the above-described aspects, the fuel cell air path control system further includes a shut-off valve 600, the stack 300 and the shut-off valve 600 are disposed in the direction of air flow and are communicated through a connection pipe, and when the fuel cell is stopped, the first air flow path 810 may be shut-off by the shut-off valve 600, and air is prevented from entering the stack 300 from the air outlet 310 of the stack 300, so that the air inlet and the air outlet 310 of the stack 300 are disconnected from the outside, and thus air infiltration into the stack 300 can be prevented.
The invention also discloses a fuel cell, which comprises the fuel cell air path control system.
The embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and various changes can be made within the knowledge of one of ordinary skill in the art without departing from the spirit of the present invention. Furthermore, embodiments of the invention and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other without conflict.
Claims (2)
1. The fuel cell air path control system is characterized by comprising an intercooler, a humidifier, a galvanic pile and a stop valve which are sequentially communicated along the air flow direction, wherein the galvanic pile and the stop valve are arranged along the air flow direction;
further comprises:
a valve arrangement between the intercooler and the humidifier having an inlet to the intercooler, a first outlet to the humidifier, a second outlet to a first air flow path in communication with the air outlet of the stack, and a third outlet to a second air flow path between the humidifier and the stack, the shut-off valve being capable of being in a closed state to shut off the first air flow path;
wherein the inlet, the first outlet, the second outlet and the third outlet can all be independently opened and closed, thereby forming a plurality of control modes, the control modes comprising:
when the inlet, the first outlet and the second outlet are in an open state, the third outlet is in a closed state, so that part of air output by the intercooler is leaked to the first air flow path;
the inlet is in a closed state to shut off a third air flow path between the intercooler and the humidifier;
the system also comprises a flow sensor and a control device, wherein the flow sensor is used for detecting the flow of air entering the electric pile, and the control device is used for controlling the opening and closing of the second outlet based on the flow value detected by the flow sensor and the air flow required by the electric pile.
2. A fuel cell comprising the fuel cell air path control system according to claim 1.
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| CN202110166418.XA CN113036177B (en) | 2021-02-04 | 2021-02-04 | Fuel cell air circuit control system and fuel cell |
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| CN202110166418.XA CN113036177B (en) | 2021-02-04 | 2021-02-04 | Fuel cell air circuit control system and fuel cell |
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| CN113036177B true CN113036177B (en) | 2023-04-21 |
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Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| JP2011154802A (en) * | 2010-01-26 | 2011-08-11 | Honda Motor Co Ltd | Fuel cell system |
| WO2017148798A1 (en) * | 2016-02-29 | 2017-09-08 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Method for operating a fuel cell system, in particular during a deactivation process of the fuel cell system |
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| JP4894481B2 (en) * | 2006-11-28 | 2012-03-14 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | Fuel cell system |
| KR101592709B1 (en) * | 2014-06-13 | 2016-02-15 | 현대자동차주식회사 | Fuel cell system for vehicle and method for controlling the same |
| KR101896808B1 (en) * | 2016-12-16 | 2018-09-07 | 현대자동차주식회사 | Fuel cell system |
| CN108172866A (en) * | 2017-12-29 | 2018-06-15 | 萍乡北京理工大学高新技术研究院 | Fuel battery air feed system and control method |
| CN108443207A (en) * | 2018-03-21 | 2018-08-24 | 深圳国氢新能源科技有限公司 | A kind of control method of fuel cell system air compressor machine |
| CN209344234U (en) * | 2019-01-17 | 2019-09-03 | 河南豫氢动力有限公司 | A kind of pneumatic control device of the quick heat engine of fuel cell system |
| CN110957507A (en) * | 2019-11-26 | 2020-04-03 | 中国第一汽车股份有限公司 | Fuel cell gas supply device and control method thereof |
| CN112186223B (en) * | 2020-09-27 | 2021-08-03 | 重庆长安新能源汽车科技有限公司 | Automobile fuel cell system and air humidity control method thereof |
| CN112234231A (en) * | 2020-10-23 | 2021-01-15 | 金华氢途科技有限公司 | Fuel cell system and control method thereof |
| CN112133940A (en) * | 2020-10-25 | 2020-12-25 | 河南豫氢动力有限公司 | Air path control system and method for fuel cell system |
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Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2011154802A (en) * | 2010-01-26 | 2011-08-11 | Honda Motor Co Ltd | Fuel cell system |
| WO2017148798A1 (en) * | 2016-02-29 | 2017-09-08 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Method for operating a fuel cell system, in particular during a deactivation process of the fuel cell system |
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