CN113035393B - Self-driven air extraction type passive containment heat removal system - Google Patents
Self-driven air extraction type passive containment heat removal system Download PDFInfo
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- CN113035393B CN113035393B CN202110244973.XA CN202110244973A CN113035393B CN 113035393 B CN113035393 B CN 113035393B CN 202110244973 A CN202110244973 A CN 202110244973A CN 113035393 B CN113035393 B CN 113035393B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
- G21C—NUCLEAR REACTORS
- G21C15/00—Cooling arrangements within the pressure vessel containing the core; Selection of specific coolants
- G21C15/18—Emergency cooling arrangements; Removing shut-down heat
- G21C15/182—Emergency cooling arrangements; Removing shut-down heat comprising powered means, e.g. pumps
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- G—PHYSICS
- G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
- G21C—NUCLEAR REACTORS
- G21C15/00—Cooling arrangements within the pressure vessel containing the core; Selection of specific coolants
- G21C15/02—Arrangements or disposition of passages in which heat is transferred to the coolant; Coolant flow control devices
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- G—PHYSICS
- G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
- G21C—NUCLEAR REACTORS
- G21C15/00—Cooling arrangements within the pressure vessel containing the core; Selection of specific coolants
- G21C15/02—Arrangements or disposition of passages in which heat is transferred to the coolant; Coolant flow control devices
- G21C15/14—Arrangements or disposition of passages in which heat is transferred to the coolant; Coolant flow control devices from headers; from joints in ducts
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- G—PHYSICS
- G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
- G21C—NUCLEAR REACTORS
- G21C15/00—Cooling arrangements within the pressure vessel containing the core; Selection of specific coolants
- G21C15/24—Promoting flow of the coolant
- G21C15/253—Promoting flow of the coolant for gases, e.g. blowers
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E30/00—Energy generation of nuclear origin
- Y02E30/30—Nuclear fission reactors
Abstract
The invention provides a self-driven air extraction type passive containment heat removal system. The self-driven air extraction structure is arranged near the in-containment heat exchanger. One end of an inlet pipeline of the containment built-in heat exchanger is communicated with an outlet pipeline at the bottom of the containment built-out heat exchange water tank, the other end of the inlet pipeline of the containment built-in heat exchanger extends into the containment and is communicated with an inlet header of the containment built-in heat exchanger, one end of an outlet pipeline of the containment built-in heat exchanger is communicated with an inlet pipeline at the bottom of the containment built-out heat exchange water tank, and the other end of the outlet pipeline of the containment built-in heat exchanger extends into the containment and is communicated with an outlet header of the containment built-in heat exchanger to form a passive containment cooling system. According to the invention, when a breach accident occurs in the containment, the heat in the containment can be efficiently taken away, and the self-driven air extraction structure can be used for continuously extracting high-concentration air near the built-in heat exchanger of the containment during the accident process, so that the heat exchange capability of the built-in heat exchanger of the containment is enhanced, and the efficient heat transfer is realized.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a passive safety system in an advanced nuclear power plant, in particular to a self-driven air extraction type efficient heat exchanger with a built-in containment.
Background
The 21 st century is an important stage of human development and is also a stage of conventional energy shortage, and nuclear energy is always concerned by people since the discovery of the characteristics of cleanness and high efficiency. With the continuous development and maturity of nuclear energy technology, nuclear energy gradually becomes a new main energy source, and the characteristics of large energy density, cleanness and high efficiency make the application more and more extensive.
The nuclear energy brings clean and efficient energy to human beings and brings a plurality of risks. With the development of nuclear power technology, the safety problem of the nuclear power station is more and more emphasized. Therefore, in order to relieve serious consequences of accidents and effectively guarantee the safety of a nuclear power plant, a passive containment cooling system is introduced into the third-generation nuclear power technology.
The passive containment cooling system generally comprises a containment built-in heat exchanger, a containment external heat exchange water tank, and pipelines and valves for connecting the heat exchange water tank and the heat exchanger. When an accident occurs to the reactor, a large amount of high-temperature steam can be sprayed in the containment vessel and can contact with a heat exchange pipe of the built-in heat exchanger for condensation and heat exchange, so that cooling water of the upper pipe section can continuously absorb heat, the temperature is increased, natural circulation is formed between the heat exchanger and the heat exchange water tank due to the density difference of the upper pipe section and the lower pipe section, heat in the containment vessel is continuously led out, the containment vessel is prevented from being over-heated and over-pressurized, and the integrity of the containment vessel is ensured.
In case of an accident, in order to prevent the problem that a large amount of heat in the containment cannot be led out in time, a heat exchange enhancement measure of the passive containment heat exchanger needs to be considered. In the existing patent, a patent with publication number CN108122622A, CN106782698a provides a novel passive external heat exchange water tank structure of a containment, so that the heat exchange water tank has long-term and efficient operation capability. The patent with the publication number of CN202614053U, CN108206064A, CN206907494U provides a novel passive heat exchange system structure respectively, which is beneficial to the integration of the system and saves the space. The patents are characterized in that other equipment except the built-in heat exchanger in the PCCS is mainly concerned, the natural circulation capacity and the long-term operation capacity of the PCCS are improved through modification, but the key point for improving the heat exchange capacity of the PCCS is the improvement of the heat exchange capacity of the built-in heat exchanger in the containment.
In the development process of accidents, the PCCS can run for a long time to gradually lead out heat in the containment, during the running of the PCCS, steam can be greatly condensed on the surface of the heat exchanger arranged in the containment, and meanwhile, a large amount of non-condensable gas is collected on the outer surface of the heat exchanger arranged in the containment, so that a gas film can be formed on the outer surface of each heat exchange tube to inhibit the condensation and heat transfer of the steam.
Therefore, a self-driven air extraction type efficient heat exchanger built in the containment vessel is needed to be invented, so that the heat exchange capability of the heat exchanger built in the containment vessel is enhanced, the heat in the containment vessel is taken away efficiently, the interior of the containment vessel can be cooled and depressurized efficiently under the accident condition, and a feasible scheme is provided for the economy and passive safety of an advanced nuclear power plant.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a self-driven air extraction type efficient heat exchanger built in a containment, which is used for enhancing the heat exchange capability of the heat exchanger built in the containment, efficiently taking away the heat in the containment, ensuring the efficient cooling and depressurization of the containment under an accident condition and finally providing a feasible scheme for improving the economical efficiency and the passive safety of an advanced nuclear power plant.
The purpose of the invention is realized as follows: including containment, the built-in heat exchanger of containment, the external heat exchange water tank of containment, the lower pipeline section and the upper pipe section that are used for connecting heat exchanger and heat exchange water tank, still include the low pressure pond, self-driven air exhaust structure, external natural draft formula air cooling structure, the low pressure pond is the annular pond of setting between the lower part in containment inner wall and outer wall, the self-driven air exhaust structure includes the air exhaust pipeline of being connected with the heat exchanger, the spiral heat exchange tube of being connected through pipeline header and air exhaust pipeline, and the spiral heat exchange tube is located the low pressure pond, is provided with check valve and valve on the air exhaust pipeline, external natural draft formula air cooling structure is including setting up heat exchanger, gas vent, the air inlet in the low pressure pond, and the one end and the heat exchanger of gas vent are connected, the other end passes behind the containment outer wall and communicates with the atmosphere, and the one end and the heat exchanger of air inlet are connected, the other end passes behind the containment outer wall and communicates with each other with the atmosphere.
The invention also includes such structural features:
1. the heat exchanger tube bundle arranged in the containment preferably adopts a straight tube light pipe or a spiral light pipe, and the heat exchanger tube bundle is respectively communicated with a heat exchanger inlet header and a heat exchanger outlet header.
2. 27 air extraction pipelines penetrate through the inner wall of the containment, the air extraction pipelines are axially distributed along the heat exchange tube bundle at three heights, and 9 air extraction pipelines at each height respectively extend to the corresponding heat exchange tubes.
3. The filter is arranged at the air inlet, and the umbrella-shaped baffle is arranged above the exhaust port.
4. When a large-break-opening loss-of-coolant accident occurs in a reactor, a large amount of high-temperature steam is sprayed into a containment gas space, 2 pressure peak values are formed in the containment gas space, namely a first pressure peak value with a higher amplitude value is formed in the containment within dozens of seconds at the initial stage of the break-opening spraying, and a second pressure peak value is formed in the long-term cooling process after the reactor core is submerged again; the valve of the air pumping pipeline is not opened during the first pressure peak, after the containment built-in heat exchanger is stably put into operation, the valve is opened, the high-concentration non-condensable gas film near the containment built-in heat exchanger is pumped away by utilizing the pressure difference between the containment main flow gas space and the containment interlayer gas space, the non-condensable gas can only flow into the low-pressure water pool in the containment interlayer in a one-way mode due to the arrangement of the one-way valve, the steam share of the containment main flow gas space is higher and higher along with the operation of the containment built-in heat exchanger, the heat of the low-pressure water pool is taken away by the natural ventilation type air cooling structure for a long time, and the long-term operation of the air pumping pipeline is guaranteed.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1) According to the invention, the self-driven air extraction structure is arranged near the containment built-in heat exchanger, and the pressure difference between the air space in the containment and the air space of the containment interlayer is utilized, so that a high-concentration non-condensable gas film accumulated around the containment built-in heat exchanger during operation can be directly extracted by the air extraction pipeline, the thickness of the gas film in the axial direction of the tube bundle can be effectively reduced, the contact between steam and the heat exchange tube is enhanced, and the condensation heat exchange capability of the containment built-in heat exchanger is enhanced.
2) According to the invention, the spiral heat exchange tube is externally connected to the outlet end of the exhaust line of the containment interlayer gas space and is immersed in the low-pressure water pool, so that high-temperature and high-pressure non-condensable gas pumped from the main gas flow space can be effectively cooled.
3) According to the invention, the one-way valve is arranged on the extraction pipeline, so that gas can only flow from the gas space in the containment to the interlayer gas space of the containment, and the extracted most of the gas is high-concentration non-condensable gas, so that the steam mass share of the gas space in the containment is continuously increased, and the heat exchange capability of the heat exchanger built in the containment is favorably enhanced.
4) The natural ventilation type air cooling structure positioned outside the containment can effectively take away the heat of the low-pressure water pool in the sandwich area of the double-layer concrete containment and keep the low water temperature of the low-pressure water pool. In addition, the natural ventilation type air cooling structure is adopted, so that the economy of the nuclear power plant can be improved on the basis of guaranteeing the safety of the nuclear power plant.
5) When a serious accident occurs to the reactor, the invention can efficiently take away the heat in the containment vessel, ensure the rapid temperature reduction and depressurization in the containment vessel, maintain the pressure and the temperature in the containment vessel within the safety limit values, and adopt passive safety structures, ensure the structural integrity of the containment vessel and provide a feasible scheme for reducing the construction cost of the containment vessel.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
The invention provides a self-driven air extraction type efficient heat exchanger with a built-in containment. The heat exchanger mainly comprises a built-in containment heat exchanger 1, a lower pipe section 3, an upper pipe section 4, an air pumping pipeline 5, a pipeline header 6, a spiral heat exchange pipe 7, a low-pressure water pool 8, a containment inner wall 11 and a containment outer wall 10.
The invention provides a self-driven air extraction type efficient heat exchanger built in a containment, which comprises a low-pressure water pool, a self-driven air extraction structure, an external natural ventilation type air cooling structure and a heat exchanger built in the containment. The low-pressure water pool is arranged at the middle lower part of the annular interlayer of the double-layer concrete containment, and the periphery of the low-pressure water pool is surrounded by stainless steel plates to form a large-scale annular water pool. The self-driven air extraction structure is arranged near the in-containment heat exchanger. The tube bundle of the heat exchanger arranged in the containment is preferably a straight tube light pipe or a spiral light pipe. One end of the upper pipe section is communicated with an inlet at the bottom of the external heat exchange water tank of the containment, and the other end of the upper pipe section extends into the containment and is communicated with an outlet header of the heat exchanger; one end of the lower pipe section is communicated with an outlet at the bottom of the external heat exchange water tank of the containment, and the other end of the lower pipe section extends into the interior of the containment and is communicated with an inlet header of the heat exchanger.
The inlet header of the heat exchanger arranged in the containment is arranged as an inlet of the heat exchanger arranged in the containment, and the outlet header of the heat exchanger is arranged as an outlet of the heat exchanger arranged in the containment; the containment built-in heat exchanger preferably adopts a 3 x 3 straight tube bundle, and the heat exchange tubes of the containment built-in heat exchanger are respectively communicated with the containment built-in heat exchanger inlet header and the containment built-in heat exchanger outlet header.
A pipeline at one end of the self-driven air extraction structure penetrates through the wall surface 11 of the inner containment and extends into an air space at the upper part of the containment interlayer, the pipeline is 27 air extraction pipelines and is divided into three air extraction pipelines along the circumferential direction of the heat exchange pipe, and 9 air extraction pipelines at each height respectively extend to the positions near the corresponding heat exchange pipe; the other end of the spiral heat exchange pipe is connected to a low-pressure water pool positioned in the interlayer space of the containment.
The low-pressure water pool is arranged at the middle lower part of the annular interlayer of the double-layer concrete containment vessel, and the periphery of the low-pressure water pool is surrounded by stainless steel plates to form a large-scale annular water pool.
The external natural ventilation type air cooling structure comprises an air inlet, an air outlet, a reducing pipe, a filter, an umbrella-mounted baffle and a heat exchanger.
The invention is mainly applied to the rupture accident of the primary loop or the main steam pipeline when the reactor runs. During a reactor accident, a large amount of high-temperature and high-pressure steam is blown out from the containment gas space 12, and the pressure and the temperature in the containment vessel continuously rise. In the initial stage of blowing, the temperature and pressure rise generated by steam are mainly absorbed by the inner wall surface of the containment vessel, a reactor pit and other internal components of the containment vessel; in the later stage of blowing, the heat in the containment is mainly led out by the heat exchanger 1 arranged in the containment.
During a reactor accident, the large volume of high temperature, high pressure gas released at the breach has a low density and some initial kinetic energy, causing the gas to flow up the gas stream in the containment. When steam contacts the heat exchanger 1 arranged in the containment, a large amount of steam can be condensed, meanwhile, a large amount of non-condensable gas is collected on the outer surface of each heat exchange tube, and therefore a gas film is formed on the outer surface of each heat exchange tube to inhibit the condensation and heat transfer of the steam. In order to reduce the inhibition influence of an air film and promote the condensation heat exchange of steam, a self-driven air extraction structure is designed, and the structure is mainly divided into three parts: the air extraction pipeline, the low-pressure water pool and the air cooling structure. An exhaust pipeline of the containment is arranged near a containment built-in heat exchanger 1, under the accident condition, pressure difference exists between a containment internal air space 12 and a containment interlayer air space 9, and high-concentration non-condensable gas near the containment built-in heat exchanger 1 is directly extruded into the exhaust pipeline due to the pressure difference, so that a non-condensable gas film near a heat exchange tube is thinned, and steam is better condensed and exchanges heat on the outer surface of the heat exchange tube. Through the designed self-driven air extraction structure, steam is efficiently condensed and exchanges heat between the built-in heat exchanger 1 of the containment vessel, and the outer wall surface of the built-in heat exchanger 1 of the containment vessel is washed. After the built-in heat exchanger 1 of containment and the upper pipe section 4 are heated, the temperature of cooling water in the heat exchange pipe rises, the density drops, and a driving force is formed between the upper pipe section 4 and the lower pipe section 3 due to density difference, so that natural circulation is formed between the built-in heat exchanger 1 of containment and the external heat exchange water tank 2 of containment, and heat in the containment is continuously taken away.
An inlet header of the containment built-in heat exchanger 1 is arranged as an inlet of the containment built-in heat exchanger, and an outlet header of the heat exchanger is arranged as an outlet of the containment built-in heat exchanger; the containment built-in heat exchanger 1 preferably adopts a 3 x 3 straight tube bundle, and a heat exchange tube of the containment built-in heat exchanger is respectively communicated with an inlet header of the containment built-in heat exchanger and an outlet header of the containment built-in heat exchanger.
The self-driven air extraction structure is mainly divided into three parts: an air extraction pipeline 5, a low-pressure water pool 8 and an air cooling structure; one end of each air extraction pipeline 5 penetrates through the wall surface of the inner containment and extends into an air space 9 on the upper part of the containment interlayer, the air extraction pipelines are 27, the air extraction pipelines are distributed in three heights along the circumferential direction of the heat exchange pipe, and 9 air extraction pipelines at each height respectively extend to the positions near the corresponding heat exchange pipe; the other end is connected to a spiral heat exchange tube 7 of a low-pressure pool in the interlayer space of the containment through a pipeline header 6.
The low-pressure water pool 8 is arranged at the middle lower part of the annular interlayer air space 9 of the double-layer concrete containment, and the periphery of the low-pressure water pool is surrounded by stainless steel plates to form a large-scale annular water pool.
The external natural ventilation type air cooling structure comprises an air inlet 15, an air outlet 18, a reducing pipe, a filter 16, an umbrella-shaped baffle plate 19 and a heat exchanger 17. The umbrella-mounted baffle 19 can effectively protect the air cooling structure in rainy and snowy weather, and the filter 16 can be used for preventing external organisms and impurities from entering the air cooling structure.
When a large breach loss of coolant accident occurs in the reactor, a large amount of high-temperature steam is sprayed into the containment gas space 12, so that the pressure in the containment vessel is increased. According to the development process of accidents, 2 pressure peak values are formed in the air space in the containment, namely a first pressure peak value with higher amplitude is formed in the containment within tens of seconds at the initial stage of the blowout of the breach, and a second pressure peak value is formed in the process of long-term cooling after the reactor core is submerged again.
According to the invention, the valve 20 of the air pumping pipeline 5 is not opened at the first pressure peak, after the containment built-in heat exchanger 1 is stably put into operation, the valve 20 is opened, the high-concentration non-condensable gas film near the containment built-in heat exchanger 1 is pumped away by utilizing the pressure difference between the containment main flow gas space 12 and the containment interlayer gas space 9, and the non-condensable gas is provided with the one-way valve 13, so that the non-condensable gas can only flow into the low-pressure water tank 8 in the containment interlayer in a one-way mode, therefore, the steam share of the containment main flow gas space 12 is higher and higher along with the operation of the containment built-in heat exchanger 1, and in order to ensure the long-term efficient operation of the containment built-in heat exchanger 1, a natural ventilation type air cooling structure is arranged in the low-pressure water tank 8, the heat of the low-pressure water tank 8 is taken away for a long time, and the long-term operation of the air pumping pipeline is ensured. As the non-condensable gas film near the built-in containment heat exchanger 1 is pumped away and the steam share of the main gas space 12 is continuously increased, the heat exchange efficiency of the built-in containment heat exchanger 1 is greatly enhanced, and the heat in the containment can be efficiently taken away.
For the heat exchange water tank 2 with the external containment, along with the continuous increase of heat brought by the heat exchange water tank inlet pipeline through the upper pipe section 4, water in the water space of the heat exchange water tank 2 is continuously heated to a saturated state, so that the water vapor in the air space of the heat exchange water tank 2 is continuously increased, and the water vapor in the air space is discharged into the atmosphere through the exhaust port 14. In order to prevent rainwater or external organisms from entering the external heat exchange water tank 2 of the containment vessel carelessly, the exhaust port 14 and the wall surface of the heat exchange water tank 2 are obliquely arranged downwards at a certain angle.
The invention aims to provide a self-driven air extraction type efficient heat exchanger with an internal containment, which mainly comprises a low-pressure water pool, a self-driven air extraction structure, an external natural ventilation type air cooling structure and the heat exchanger with the internal containment. The low-pressure water pool is arranged at the middle lower part of the annular interlayer of the double-layer concrete containment, and the periphery of the low-pressure water pool is surrounded by stainless steel plates to form a large-scale annular water pool. The self-driven air extraction structure is arranged near the in-containment heat exchanger. One end of an inlet pipeline of the containment built-in heat exchanger is communicated with an outlet pipeline at the bottom of the containment built-out heat exchange water tank, the other end of the inlet pipeline of the containment built-in heat exchanger extends into the containment and is communicated with an inlet header of the containment built-in heat exchanger, one end of an outlet pipeline of the containment built-in heat exchanger is communicated with an inlet pipeline at the bottom of the containment built-out heat exchange water tank, and the other end of the outlet pipeline of the containment built-in heat exchanger extends into the containment and is communicated with an outlet header of the containment built-in heat exchanger to form a passive containment cooling system. According to the invention, when a breach accident occurs in the containment, the heat in the containment can be efficiently taken away, and the self-driven air extraction structure can be used for continuously extracting high-concentration air near the built-in heat exchanger of the containment during the accident process, so that the heat exchange capability of the built-in heat exchanger of the containment is enhanced, the efficient heat transfer is realized, and the safety of the containment is enhanced.
Claims (6)
1. The utility model provides a passive containment heat removal system of self-driven bleeder, includes containment, the built-in heat exchanger of containment, the external heat transfer water tank of containment, is used for connecting the lower pipeline section and the last pipeline section of heat exchanger and heat transfer water tank, its characterized in that: the self-driven air extraction structure comprises an air extraction pipeline connected with a heat exchanger and a spiral heat exchange pipe connected with the air extraction pipeline through a pipeline header, the spiral heat exchange pipe is located in the low-pressure water pool, a one-way valve and a valve are arranged on the air extraction pipeline, the air extraction pipeline utilizes the pressure difference between a main air flow space of the containment and an interlayer air space of the containment to extract a high-concentration non-condensable gas film nearby the built-in heat exchanger of the containment, the external natural ventilation air cooling structure comprises a heat exchanger, an air exhaust port and an air inlet which are arranged in the low-pressure water pool, one end of the air exhaust port is connected with the heat exchanger, the other end of the air exhaust port penetrates through the outer wall of the containment and then is communicated with the atmosphere, and one end of the air inlet is connected with the heat exchanger, and the other end of the air inlet is communicated with the atmosphere after penetrating through the outer wall of the containment.
2. The self-propelled aspirating passive containment heat removal system according to claim 1, wherein: a heat exchange tube bundle of the heat exchanger arranged in the containment adopts a straight tube light pipe or a spiral light pipe, and the heat exchange tube bundle is respectively communicated with a heat exchanger inlet header and a heat exchanger outlet header.
3. A self-driven aspirating passive containment heat removal system according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: 27 air extraction pipelines are arranged and penetrate through the inner wall of the containment, the air extraction pipelines are axially divided into three heights along the heat exchange tube bundle, and 9 air extraction pipelines with each height respectively extend to the corresponding heat exchange tubes.
4. A self-driven aspirating passive containment heat removal system according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the filter is arranged at the air inlet, and the umbrella-shaped baffle is arranged above the exhaust port.
5. A self-driven extraction passive containment heat removal system as claimed in claim 3, wherein: the filter is arranged at the air inlet, and the umbrella-shaped baffle is arranged above the exhaust port.
6. A self-driven aspirating passive containment heat removal system according to claim 1 or 5, characterized in that: when a large-break-opening loss-of-coolant accident occurs in a reactor, a large amount of high-temperature steam is sprayed and enters a containment vessel gas space, 2 pressure peak values are formed in the containment vessel gas space, the first pressure peak value with higher amplitude is formed in the containment vessel within tens of seconds at the initial stage of the break-opening spraying, and the second pressure peak value is formed in the long-term cooling process after the reactor core is submerged again; the method comprises the steps that a valve of an air pumping pipeline is not opened at the first pressure peak value, after a containment built-in heat exchanger is stably put into operation, the valve is opened, a high-concentration non-condensable gas film near the containment built-in heat exchanger is pumped away by utilizing the pressure difference between a containment main flow gas space and a containment interlayer gas space, a one-way valve is arranged, non-condensable gas can only flow into a low-pressure water pool in the containment interlayer in a one-way mode, the steam share of the containment main flow gas space is higher and higher along with the operation of the containment built-in heat exchanger, an external natural ventilation type air cooling structure takes away the heat of the low-pressure water pool for a long time, and the long-term operation of the air pumping pipeline is guaranteed.
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