CN113032730A - Data-driven vehicle TCO intelligent calculation method - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention relates to a TCO intelligent calculation method for a data-driven vehicle, which comprises the following steps: 1) decomposing TCO cost calculation projects of the full life cycle of the vehicle, and specifically dividing the TCO cost calculation projects into vehicle purchasing calculation, residual value calculation, energy consumption calculation, maintenance calculation, other calculation and TCO calculation; 2) vehicle type data related to calculation are obtained according to vehicle type classification and stored in a database; 3) calculating the vehicle purchasing cost; 4) calculating the depreciation cost of the purchased vehicle; 5) calculating the energy consumption cost of the vehicle; 6) calculating the vehicle maintenance cost; 7) calculating other costs of the vehicle; 8) calculating the TCO cost of the full life cycle of the vehicle, drawing the TCO result obtained by calculation into a pie chart, and exporting the pie chart to be an Excel file for a user to download and view. The method has accurate calculation result and data feedback updating, and has important significance for personal automobile purchase, automobile design of a host factory, optimized trip scheme of a trip company and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of big data analysis, and particularly relates to an intelligent calculation method for the operation Cost TCO (Total Cost of Ownership) of a data-driven vehicle in the whole life cycle.
Background
Automobiles are an essential consumer product for most of the chinese households. When selecting and purchasing automobiles, many consumers can only see the purchase price of the automobiles, and cannot see the hidden costs such as maintenance cost, insurance cost, fuel oil cost, second-hand vehicle depreciation cost and the like, but the hidden costs are different from each automobile type actually.
In the last 50 s, TCO originated from the U.S. military and was used for development and procurement of military supplies. In the last 80 th century, a fleet management system is launched to help large fleet customers to perform work such as transportation monitoring, oil consumption management, driver driving habit training and the like. In 2012, the gallo-meisseds introduced TCO into china, pushing out a "TCO operating wisdom sink" solution. In 2016, TCO concept services are successively released by heavy steam, Futian, Yiqi liberation, Shaanqi and the like. Recently, platforms in the trip industry such as dribble, mystery rental car, T3, eastern wind trip, etc. have also successively pushed the vehicle TCO model.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a data-driven vehicle TCO intelligent calculation method, which adopts a method of combining data driving and artificial intelligence methods for optimization and uses web presentation.
The invention discloses a TCO intelligent calculation method for a data-driven vehicle, which is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
1) decomposing TCO cost calculation projects of the full life cycle of the vehicle, and specifically dividing the TCO cost calculation projects into vehicle purchasing calculation, residual value calculation, energy consumption calculation, maintenance calculation, other calculation and TCO calculation;
2) vehicle type data related to calculation are obtained according to vehicle type classification and stored in a database;
3) calculating the vehicle purchasing cost;
4) calculating the depreciation cost of the purchased vehicle;
5) calculating the energy consumption cost of the vehicle;
6) calculating the vehicle maintenance cost;
7) calculating other costs of the vehicle;
8) calculating the TCO cost of the full life cycle of the vehicle, drawing the TCO result obtained by calculation into a pie chart, and exporting the pie chart to be an Excel file for a user to download and view.
Preferably, the specific steps of step 3) include:
3.1) a user selects a vehicle type, and relevant parameters of the TCO cost of the vehicle of the selected vehicle type are read from a database;
3.2) calculating the car purchasing cost, including the retail price of the car, the purchase tax, the branding cost, the use tax of the car and the ship and the printing tax;
3.3) calculating the loan fee required by purchasing the vehicle, including calculating parameters such as first payment amount, loan procedure rate, loan year, loan financial interest rate and the like to obtain the related loan fee such as monthly repayment, loan amount and the like.
And 3.4) calculating the business insurance cost required by purchasing the vehicle, including mandatory insurance, third party responsibility insurance, vehicle loss insurance, non-indemnity special contract insurance, on-board personnel responsibility insurance and operation responsibility insurance.
3.5) calculating the total vehicle purchasing cost of the vehicle, and integrating the necessary fee, the loan fee and the commercial insurance fee calculated in the steps 3.1) to 3.4) to obtain the total vehicle purchasing cost of the vehicle.
Preferably, the specific steps of step 4) include:
4.1) the user inputs the vehicle type, the purchase price, the service life and the estimated driving mileage according to the requirement, and different methods are adopted for calculation according to the type of the vehicle, such as an electric vehicle, a fuel vehicle or a hybrid vehicle.
4.2) calculating the vehicle reset cost:
P0＝P′0+P′1+P′2
in the formula, P0Is reset cost, P'0Is made ofPrice of the own vehicle, P'1Is tax and P'2Is the license plate fee.
4.3) calculating the new rate: the method comprises the steps that a crawler frame is used, Python scripts are compiled to obtain data from an automobile evaluation website, and data sets of automobile types, service lives, driving mileage, cities, residual values and the like are obtained; and establishing a new rate calculation model by adopting an XGboost algorithm and a Boosted Trees enhanced tree model.
4.4) integrating the reset cost and the new rate obtained by the calculation of 4.1) to 4.3), combining the vehicle related calculation parameters to obtain the residual value of the vehicle under the given condition, and further calculating to obtain the depreciation cost:
the residual value is the reset cost x the refresh rate correction coefficient,
depreciation cost is the cost of purchasing a car-residual value.
Preferably, the specific steps of step 5) include:
5.1) selecting a vehicle type and estimating the driving mileage by a user, calling a hundred kilometers energy consumption parameter of the selected vehicle type from a database, and selecting different parameters and calculation methods according to the energy consumption type of the vehicle type;
5.2) calculating the energy consumption cost of the selected vehicle type.
The energy consumption calculation method of the fuel vehicle and the pure electric vehicle comprises the following steps:
energy consumption is hundred kilometers energy consumption and mileage of driving
Hybrid electric vehicles specify two test conditions: the method comprises the following steps of (1) testing the vehicle when the vehicle is fully charged and running at a specified speed, wherein the test is called as a working condition A, namely a CD mode (only externally-charged electric energy is consumed during running); the discharge test is called as a working condition B, namely a CS mode (only fuel is consumed during operation, and meanwhile, the motor is driven by the engine to operate to charge the battery, so that the charge state of the battery is kept at a certain level). The comprehensive energy consumption of the hybrid electric vehicle comprises the following steps: the calculation method of the fuel consumption and the electric energy consumption comprises the following steps:
comprehensive energy consumption and comprehensive oil consumption
In the formula: the power consumption of the working condition A is pure electric power consumption of hundred kilometers in the CD mode, and the fuel consumption of the working condition B is engine power consumption of hundred kilometers in the CS mode.
Preferably, the specific steps of step 6) include:
6.1) selecting a vehicle type and the estimated driving mileage by a user, and inquiring maintenance related parameters such as the tire price, the maintenance cost per ten thousand kilometers and the like of the corresponding vehicle type by using a database;
6.2) calculating the maintenance cost of the selected vehicle model in the service life: and obtaining the total maintenance cost according to the maintenance cost of every ten thousand kilometers in the database, and additionally adding the cost of replacing the battery if the electric automobile is used.
Preferably, the other costs in the step 7) include GPS, OBD, Tbox, vehicle adding, interior and exterior visual expenses, decoration expenses, vehicle annual inspection expenses, road toll, violation expenses, and traffic fees.
Preferably, the calculation formula of the vehicle full life cycle TCO cost in the step 8) is as follows:
wherein, TCO: vehicle full life cycle, unit: yuan/km, S: total driving range of life cycle, CMi: maintenance cost (repair + maintenance + insurance) in year i, CQ1: other one-time use costs after car purchase, CVB: procurement cost (purchase price + capital cost), CVCi: residual value of vehicle in i year, CEi: energy cost in year i. CQ2i: other costs in the ith year (other multiple use costs after purchasing a car). CVZi: cost of depreciation in year i (procurement cost-vehicle residual).
If the travel company applies the TCO calculation of the fleet full life cycle in the business mode in the express, rental or fleet mode, the TCO in the business mode is as follows:
in the formula, CDCi: driver cost in year i. COCi: other labor costs in year i. CPoi: platform operating costs in year i. CPMi: platform maintenance costs in year i.
The invention further provides a data-driven vehicle TCO cost intelligent calculation system, and the system executes the data-driven vehicle TCO intelligent calculation method.
Compared with the prior art, the method has the advantages that the vehicle TCO calculation model based on the vehicle purchasing cost, depreciation cost, maintenance cost and other multi-aspect costs is established, optimization is carried out by adopting a method of combining a data driving method and an artificial intelligence method, and web presentation is used. The method has accurate calculation result and data feedback updating, and has important significance for personal automobile purchase, automobile design of a host factory, optimized trip scheme of a trip company and the like.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the method of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a graph showing TCO calculation results.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the figures and specific embodiments.
As shown in fig. 1, the method for intelligently calculating the TCO of the data-driven vehicle according to the present invention includes the steps of:
1) the method comprises the steps of decomposing TCO cost calculation projects of the full life cycle of the vehicle, and specifically dividing the TCO cost calculation projects into vehicle purchasing calculation, residual value calculation, energy consumption calculation, maintenance calculation, other calculation and TCO calculation.
2) And acquiring relevant data of the relevant vehicle types to be calculated, such as vehicle purchase price, insurance fee, second-hand vehicle price, energy consumption and the like, and storing the data into the MySQL database.
3) And calculating the vehicle purchasing cost.
3.1) a user selects a vehicle type required to carry out vehicle TCO cost, and reads related parameters of the vehicle TCO cost of the selected vehicle type from a database;
3.2) calculating the car purchasing cost, including the retail price of the car, the purchase tax, the branding cost, the use tax of the car and the ship and the printing tax;
3.3) calculating the loan fee required by vehicle purchasing, wherein the vehicle purchasing can select full-payment vehicle purchasing or loan vehicle purchasing. If the vehicle is purchased in full, the loan cost is 0. If the vehicle is purchased in the loan, the loan cost is calculated, wherein the related loan cost such as monthly repayment, loan amount and the like is calculated mainly according to parameters such as first payment amount, loan procedure rate, loan year, loan financial interest rate and the like.
3.4) calculating the commercial insurance cost required by the vehicle purchasing, wherein part of the insurance of the vehicle purchasing is necessary to be purchased, and part of the insurance is selectively purchased by the user. The insurance cost required by purchasing the vehicle comprises mandatory insurance, third party responsibility insurance, vehicle loss insurance, special exemption insurance, on-vehicle personnel responsibility insurance and operation responsibility insurance.
3.5) calculating the total vehicle purchasing cost of the vehicle, and integrating the necessary fee, the loan fee and the commercial insurance fee calculated in the steps 3.1) to 3.4) to obtain the total vehicle purchasing cost of the vehicle.
4) And calculating the depreciation cost of the purchased vehicle. And correcting the success rate by using the success rate as a basic parameter and quantizing the physical depreciation, the functional depreciation and the economic depreciation into correction coefficients. Namely, the following model is established:
residual value is reset cost multiplied by refresh rate correction coefficient
4.1) the user inputs the vehicle type, the purchase price, the service life and the estimated driving mileage according to the requirement, and different methods are adopted for calculation according to the type of the vehicle, such as an electric vehicle, a fuel vehicle or a hybrid vehicle.
4.2) calculating the vehicle reset cost:
P0＝P′0+P′1+P′2
in the formula, P0Is reset cost, P'0Is actual purchase vehicle price, P'1Is tax and P'2Is the license plate fee.
4.3) calculating the new rate: the method comprises the steps that a crawler frame is used, Python scripts are compiled to obtain data from an automobile evaluation website, and data sets of automobile types, service lives, driving mileage, cities, residual values and the like are obtained; and establishing a new rate calculation model by adopting an XGboost algorithm and a Boosted Trees enhanced tree model. In the model, a new rate calculation model is established by processing the crawled data and comprehensively considering two main factors of vehicle use time and driving mileage, which influence the residual value of the vehicle.
4.4) integrating the reset cost and the new rate obtained by the calculation of 4.1) to 4.3), combining the vehicle related calculation parameters to obtain the residual value of the vehicle under the given condition, and further calculating to obtain the depreciation cost:
the residual value is the reset cost x the refresh rate correction coefficient,
depreciation cost is the cost of purchasing a car-residual value.
5) And calculating the energy consumption cost of the vehicle.
5.1) selecting the vehicle type required to be calculated and the estimated driving mileage by the user. Thereafter, the one hundred kilometer energy consumption related parameters of the selected vehicle type can be retrieved from the database. According to the energy consumption type of the vehicle type, different parameters and calculation methods are selected for the electric vehicle, the fuel vehicle or the hybrid vehicle.
5.2) calculating the energy consumption cost of the selected vehicle type. For energy consumption calculation of traditional fuel vehicles and pure electric vehicles, corresponding hundred-kilometer energy consumption data are obtained by processing and extracting data of corresponding vehicle energy consumption data or operation data. The corresponding energy consumption can be obtained by utilizing the energy consumption formula, namely:
the energy consumption calculation method of the fuel vehicle and the pure electric vehicle comprises the following steps:
energy consumption is hundred kilometers energy consumption and mileage of driving
Hybrid electric vehicles specify two test conditions: the method comprises the following steps of (1) testing the vehicle when the vehicle is fully charged and running at a specified speed, wherein the test is called as a working condition A, namely a CD mode (only externally-charged electric energy is consumed during running); the discharge test is called as a working condition B, namely a CS mode (only fuel is consumed during operation, and meanwhile, the motor is driven by the engine to operate to charge the battery, so that the charge state of the battery is kept at a certain level). The comprehensive energy consumption of the hybrid electric vehicle comprises two parts: fuel consumption and electric power consumption. Therefore, the comprehensive energy consumption calculation formula of the hybrid electric vehicle is as follows:
comprehensive energy consumption and comprehensive oil consumption
In the formula: the power consumption of the working condition A is pure electric power consumption of hundred kilometers in the CD mode, and the fuel consumption of the working condition B is engine power consumption of hundred kilometers in the CS mode.
6) And calculating the vehicle maintenance cost.
6.1) selecting a vehicle type and the estimated driving mileage by a user, and inquiring maintenance related parameters such as the tire price, the maintenance cost per ten thousand kilometers and the like of the corresponding vehicle type by using a database;
6.2) calculating the maintenance cost of the selected vehicle model in the service life: and obtaining the total maintenance cost according to the maintenance cost of every ten thousand kilometers in the database, and additionally adding the cost of replacing the battery if the electric automobile is used.
7) Vehicle other cost calculations.
Other costs of the vehicle include some user selectable costs. After the selected vehicle type and the year are selected, the vehicle can be selected to calculate the visual expenses of GPS/OBD/tbox/vehicle machine installation, interior and exterior decoration, decoration expenses, annual inspection expenses of vehicles, road toll, violation expenses, traffic expenses and the like.
8) Calculating the TCO cost of the full life cycle of the vehicle, drawing the TCO result obtained by calculation into a pie chart, and exporting the pie chart to be an Excel file for a user to download and view.
The calculation formula of the TCO cost of the full life cycle of the vehicle is as follows:
wherein, TCO: vehicle full life cycle, unit: yuan/km, S: total driving range of life cycle, CMi: maintenance cost (repair + maintenance + insurance) in year i, CQ1: other one-time use costs after car purchase, CVB: procurement cost (purchase price + capital cost), CVCi: residual value of vehicle in i year, CEi: energy cost in year i. CQ2i: other costs in year i (after purchase of car)Its multiple use cost). CVZi: cost of depreciation in year i (procurement cost-vehicle residual).
If the travel company applies the TCO calculation of the fleet full life cycle in the business mode in the express, rental or fleet mode, the TCO in the business mode is as follows:
in the formula, CDCi: driver cost in year i. COCi: other labor costs in year i. CPOi: platform operating costs in year i. CPMi: platform maintenance costs in year i.
And drawing the TCO result obtained by calculation into a pie chart, and exporting the pie chart to be an Excel file, so that the TCO result is convenient for a user to download and check. The TCO results for this example are shown in figure 2.
It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the invention, and that any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. A TCO intelligent calculation method for a data-driven vehicle is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
1) decomposing TCO cost calculation projects of the full life cycle of the vehicle, and specifically dividing the TCO cost calculation projects into vehicle purchasing calculation, residual value calculation, energy consumption calculation, maintenance calculation, other calculation and TCO calculation;
2) vehicle type data related to calculation are obtained according to vehicle type classification and stored in a database;
3) calculating the vehicle purchasing cost;
4) calculating the depreciation cost of the purchased vehicle;
5) calculating the energy consumption cost of the vehicle;
6) calculating the vehicle maintenance cost;
7) calculating other costs of the vehicle;
8) calculating the TCO cost of the full life cycle of the vehicle, drawing the TCO result obtained by calculation into a pie chart, and exporting the pie chart to be an Excel file for a user to download and view.
2. The intelligent calculation method for TCO of the data-driven vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that: the specific steps of the step 3) comprise:
3.1) a user selects a vehicle type, and relevant parameters of the TCO cost of the vehicle of the selected vehicle type are read from a database;
3.2) calculating the car purchasing cost, including the retail price of the car, the purchase tax, the branding cost, the use tax of the car and the ship and the printing tax;
3.3) calculating the loan fee required by vehicle purchasing, including calculating parameters such as first payment amount, loan procedure rate, loan year, loan financial interest rate and the like to obtain the related loan fee such as monthly repayment, loan amount and the like;
3.4) calculating the business insurance cost required by purchasing the vehicle, including mandatory insurance, third party responsibility insurance, vehicle loss insurance, special obligation insurance without indemnity, on-board personnel responsibility insurance and operation responsibility insurance;
3.5) calculating the total vehicle purchasing cost of the vehicle, and integrating the necessary fee, the loan fee and the commercial insurance fee calculated in the steps 3.1) to 3.4) to obtain the total vehicle purchasing cost of the vehicle.
3. The intelligent calculation method for TCO of the data-driven vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that: the specific steps of the step 4) comprise:
4.1) the user inputs the vehicle type, the purchase price, the service life and the estimated driving mileage according to the requirement, and different methods are adopted for calculation according to the type of the vehicle, such as an electric vehicle, a fuel vehicle or a hybrid vehicle;
4.2) calculating the vehicle reset cost:
P0＝P′0+P′1+P′2
in the formula, P0Is reset cost, P'0Is actual purchase vehicle price, P'1Is tax and P'2Is the license plate fee;
4.3) calculating the new rate: the method comprises the steps that a crawler frame is used, Python scripts are compiled to obtain data from an automobile evaluation website, and data sets of automobile types, service lives, driving mileage, cities, residual values and the like are obtained; establishing a new rate calculation model by adopting an XGboost algorithm and a Boosted Trees enhanced tree model;
4.4) integrating the reset cost and the new rate obtained by the calculation of 4.1) to 4.3), combining the vehicle related calculation parameters to obtain the residual value of the vehicle under the given condition, and further calculating to obtain the depreciation cost:
the residual value is the reset cost x the refresh rate correction coefficient,
depreciation cost is the cost of purchasing a car-residual value.
4. The intelligent calculation method for TCO of the data-driven vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that: the specific steps of the step 5) comprise:
5.1) selecting a vehicle type and estimating the driving mileage by a user, calling a hundred kilometers energy consumption parameter of the selected vehicle type from a database, and selecting different parameters and calculation methods according to the energy consumption type of the vehicle type;
5.2) calculating the energy consumption cost of the selected vehicle type;
the energy consumption calculation method of the fuel vehicle and the pure electric vehicle comprises the following steps:
energy consumption is hundred kilometers energy consumption and mileage of driving
Hybrid electric vehicles specify two test conditions: the vehicle is fully charged and the running test is carried out according to the specified speed, namely the working condition A, namely the CD mode: only the externally charged electric energy is consumed during operation); the discharge test is called as a working condition B, namely a CS mode: only fuel is consumed during operation, and meanwhile, the motor is driven by the engine to operate to charge the battery, so that the charge state of the battery is kept at a certain level; the comprehensive energy consumption of the hybrid electric vehicle comprises the following steps: the calculation method of the fuel consumption and the electric energy consumption comprises the following steps:
in the formula: the power consumption of the working condition A is pure electric power consumption of hundred kilometers in the CD mode, and the fuel consumption of the working condition B is engine power consumption of hundred kilometers in the CS mode.
5. The intelligent calculation method for TCO of the data-driven vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that: the specific steps of the step 6) comprise:
6.1) selecting a vehicle type and the estimated driving mileage by a user, and inquiring maintenance related parameters such as the tire price, the maintenance cost per ten thousand kilometers and the like of the corresponding vehicle type by using a database;
6.2) calculating the maintenance cost of the selected vehicle model in the service life: and obtaining the total maintenance cost according to the maintenance cost of every ten thousand kilometers in the database, and additionally adding the cost of replacing the battery if the electric automobile is used.
6. The intelligent calculation method for TCO of the data-driven vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that: and the other costs in the step 7) comprise GPS, OBD, Tbox, vehicle adding, interior and exterior decoration visual expenses, decoration expenses, vehicle annual inspection expenses, road toll, violation expenses and traffic expenses.
7. The intelligent calculation method for TCO of the data-driven vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that: the calculation formula of the vehicle full life cycle TCO cost in the step 8 is as follows:
wherein, TCO: vehicle full life cycle, unit: yuan/km, S: total driving range of life cycle, CMi: maintenance cost in year i, CQ1: other one-time use costs after car purchase, CVB: cost of purchase, CVCi: residual value of vehicle in i year, CEi: energy consumption cost in the ith year; cQ2i: other costs of year i, CVZi: depreciation cost in year i;
if the travel company applies the TCO calculation of the fleet full life cycle in the business mode in the express, rental or fleet mode, the TCO in the business mode is as follows:
in the formula, CDCi: driver cost in year i; cOCi: other labor costs in year i. CPOi: platform operation cost in the ith year; cPMi: platform maintenance costs in year i.
8. A TCO (transparent conductive oxide) cost intelligent calculation system of a data-driven vehicle is characterized in that: the system executes the TCO intelligent calculation method of the data-driven vehicle as claimed in any one of claims 1-7.
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Citations (5)
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