CN113030754B - Insulation resistance detection method, device, equipment and storage medium for fuel cell vehicle - Google Patents
Insulation resistance detection method, device, equipment and storage medium for fuel cell vehicle Download PDFInfo
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- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 171
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- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
- G01R31/389—Measuring internal impedance, internal conductance or related variables
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R27/00—Arrangements for measuring resistance, reactance, impedance, or electric characteristics derived therefrom
- G01R27/02—Measuring real or complex resistance, reactance, impedance, or other two-pole characteristics derived therefrom, e.g. time constant
- G01R27/025—Measuring very high resistances, e.g. isolation resistances, i.e. megohm-meters
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Abstract
The disclosure provides an insulation resistance detection method, device, equipment and storage medium of a fuel cell vehicle, and belongs to the field of fuel cell vehicle safety. The method comprises the following steps: the method comprises the steps of acquiring a first TDS of cooling water, obtaining a first conductivity of the cooling water corresponding to the first TDS of the cooling water according to the first TDS of the cooling water and a preset corresponding relation between the TDS of the cooling water and the conductivity of the cooling water, and determining an insulation resistance value of a fuel cell system according to the first conductivity of the cooling water. The embodiment of the disclosure detects the insulation resistance value of the fuel cell system by detecting the TDS of the cooling water in the water heat management system, can well reflect the insulation condition of the fuel cell system, and improves the safety of the fuel cell vehicle.
Description
Technical Field
The present disclosure relates to the field of vehicle safety, and in particular, to a method, an apparatus, a device, and a storage medium for detecting an insulation resistance of a fuel cell vehicle.
Background
The fuel cell vehicle is a novel energy-saving environment-friendly vehicle, and generates electric energy by the electrochemical reaction of hydrogen and air at the anode and the cathode of a pile in a fuel cell system, thereby providing power for the running of the whole vehicle. The voltage of a fuel cell system of a fuel cell vehicle is generally high voltage of more than four hundred volts, and in order to prevent people inside and outside the vehicle from getting electric shock and ensure the safety of a driver, passengers and the surrounding environment of the vehicle, the insulation resistance detection of the whole vehicle is very important.
In the related art, the insulation resistance detection of the fuel cell system is performed by an insulation resistance detector connected to a stack in the fuel cell system.
In the course of implementing the present disclosure, the inventors found that the prior art has at least the following problems:
the insulation resistance of the electric pile is detected by arranging the insulation resistance detector at the electric pile, the real condition of the insulation of the whole fuel cell system is unclear, and the safety is low.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the disclosure provides an insulation resistance detection method, device, equipment and storage medium of a fuel cell vehicle, which can well reflect the insulation condition of a fuel cell system and improve the safety performance of the fuel cell vehicle. The technical scheme is as follows:
in one aspect, a method for detecting insulation resistance of a fuel cell vehicle is provided, the fuel cell vehicle includes a fuel cell system, the fuel cell system includes an electric stack and a hydrothermal management system, the hydrothermal management system includes cooling water for cooling the electric stack, and the method includes:
obtaining a first TDS (Total dispersed solids) of the cooling water;
determining first conductivity corresponding to the first TDS according to the first TDS and a preset corresponding relation, wherein the corresponding relation is the corresponding relation between the TDS of the cooling water and the conductivity of the cooling water at a reference temperature;
and determining the insulation resistance value of the fuel cell system according to the first conductivity.
Optionally, the determining an insulation resistance value of the fuel cell system according to the first conductivity includes:
correcting the first conductivity according to the temperature of the cooling water corresponding to the first TDS to obtain a second conductivity, wherein the temperature of the cooling water corresponding to the first TDS is a non-reference temperature;
determining a reciprocal of the second conductivity as an insulation resistance value of the fuel cell system.
Optionally, the method further comprises: determining a conversion factor between the TDS of the cooling water and the conductivity of the cooling water at the reference temperature, the conversion factor being related to the composition of the cooling water;
determining a TDS value and a corresponding conductivity of the cooling water at the reference temperature;
and generating the corresponding relation according to the conversion coefficient, the TDS value of the cooling water at the reference temperature and the corresponding conductivity.
Optionally, the method further comprises: determining the variation range of the conductivity of the cooling water in the operation process of the fuel cell system according to the corresponding relation;
determining a first variation range of the insulation resistance of the fuel cell system according to the variation range of the conductivity;
and determining whether the corresponding relation is valid according to the first change range and a second change range of the insulation resistance of the fuel cell system, wherein the second change range is obtained by simulating the operation process of the fuel cell system.
Optionally, the method further comprises: acquiring an insulation resistance value of the power storage battery system;
and determining the insulation resistance value of the whole vehicle according to the insulation resistance value of the fuel cell system and the insulation resistance value of the power storage battery system.
In another aspect, there is provided an insulation resistance detecting apparatus of a fuel cell vehicle, the apparatus including:
the first acquisition module is used for acquiring a first TDS of the cooling water;
the first determining module is used for determining first conductivity corresponding to the first TDS according to the first TDS and a preset corresponding relation, wherein the corresponding relation is the corresponding relation between the TDS of the cooling water and the conductivity of the cooling water at a reference temperature;
a second determination module to determine an insulation resistance value of the fuel cell system based on the first conductivity.
Optionally, the second determining module includes a correction submodule and a determining submodule, and the correction submodule is configured to correct the first conductivity according to the temperature of the cooling water corresponding to the first TDS, so as to obtain a second conductivity, where the temperature of the cooling water corresponding to the first TDS is a non-reference temperature; the determination submodule is configured to determine a reciprocal of the second conductivity as an insulation resistance value of the fuel cell system.
Optionally, the device further comprises a second obtaining module, and the second obtaining module is used for obtaining the insulation resistance value of the power storage battery system.
Optionally, the apparatus further comprises a third determination module for determining an insulation resistance value of the fuel cell vehicle based on the insulation resistance value of the fuel cell system and the insulation resistance value of the power battery system.
Optionally, the first determining module is further configured to determine a scaling factor between the TDS of the cooling water and the conductivity of the cooling water at the reference temperature, the scaling factor being related to the composition of the cooling water;
determining a TDS value and a corresponding conductivity of the cooling water at the reference temperature;
and generating the corresponding relation according to the conversion coefficient, the TDS value of the cooling water at the reference temperature and the corresponding conductivity.
Optionally, the first determining module is further configured to determine, according to the correspondence, a variation range of the conductivity of the cooling water in the operation process of the fuel cell system; determining a first variation range of the insulation resistance of the fuel cell system according to the variation range of the conductivity; and determining whether the corresponding relation is valid according to the first change range and a second change range of the insulation resistance of the fuel cell system, wherein the second change range is obtained by simulating the operation process of the fuel cell system.
Optionally, the device further comprises a second obtaining module and a third determining module, wherein the second obtaining module is used for obtaining the insulation resistance value of the power battery system, and the third determining module is used for determining the insulation resistance value of the fuel cell vehicle according to the insulation resistance value of the fuel cell system and the insulation resistance value of the power battery system.
In another aspect, a computer device is provided, comprising: a processor; a memory for storing processor-executable instructions; wherein the processor is configured to perform the aforementioned method.
In another aspect, a computer-readable storage medium is provided, wherein instructions, when executed by a processor of a computer device, enable the computer device to perform the aforementioned method.
The technical scheme provided by the embodiment of the disclosure has the following beneficial effects:
in the embodiment of the disclosure, because the TDS of the cooling water can reflect the content change situation of the conductive ions inside the fuel cell system, and the content change situation of the conductive ions is closely related to the insulation situation of the fuel cell system, the first conductivity is determined based on the first TDS of the cooling water and the corresponding relationship between the preset TDS of the cooling water and the conductivity of the cooling water, and the insulation resistance value of the fuel cell system is obtained according to the first conductivity of the cooling water, so that the determined insulation resistance value of the fuel cell system is more accurate, and the improvement of the safety of the fuel cell vehicle is facilitated.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present disclosure, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments are briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present disclosure, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a power system for a fuel cell vehicle;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a hydrothermal management system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
fig. 3 is a flowchart of an insulation resistance detection method of a fuel cell vehicle according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of an acquisition process of TDS of cooling water at a reference temperature corresponding to the conductivity of the cooling water in an embodiment of the present disclosure;
fig. 5 is a flowchart of another insulation resistance detection method for a fuel cell vehicle according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
fig. 6 is a circuit diagram of an insulation resistance detection method according to an embodiment of the disclosure;
fig. 7 is a block diagram illustrating a structure of an insulation resistance detection apparatus of a fuel cell vehicle according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
fig. 8 is a block diagram of a computer device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
Detailed Description
To make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present disclosure more apparent, embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a power system of a fuel cell vehicle. As shown in fig. 1, the Power system includes a fuel cell system 10, a Power storage battery system 11, a PDU (Power Distribution Unit) 12, a high-voltage electricity utilization Unit 13, a motor controller 14, and a motor 15. The fuel cell system 10 is connected with the power battery system 11 in parallel, and supplies power to a high-voltage power utilization unit 13 and a motor 15 of the whole vehicle under the control action of the PDU 12.
The fuel cell system 10 includes a fuel supply system 101, an oxygen supply system 102, a stack 103, a hydrothermal management system 104, a fuel cell controller 105, and a boost DC-DC (Direct current-Direct current converter) 106. The fuel supply system 101 is used for supplying an appropriate amount of fuel, for example, hydrogen, to the anode of the stack 103. The oxygen supply system 102 is used to provide oxygen to the cathodes of the stack 103. The stack 103 is used to convert the chemical energy stored in the anode fuel and cathode oxygen into electrical energy isothermally according to electrochemical principles. The boost DC-DC 106 is used to regulate the output voltage of the fuel cell system 10 to boost the DC power output by the fuel cell system 10 to the same voltage as the power battery system 11. The hydrothermal management system 104 is used to remove waste heat from the stack 103 and maintain the proper humidification state inside the stack 103. The fuel cell controller 105 is used for performing online detection, real-time control and fault diagnosis on the fuel cell system 10 to ensure stable and reliable operation of the fuel cell system 10.
The power Battery System 11 includes a Battery pack 111, a BMS (Battery Management System) 112, and a BDU (Battery disconnection Unit) 113. The battery pack 111 includes a plurality of batteries connected in series, and the batteries may be lithium batteries, nickel metal hydride batteries, and the like. The BMS 112 is used to monitor the use state of the battery pack 111 in real time, and prevent overcharge and overdischarge of the battery pack 111. The BDU 113 is used to cut off the power supply to the battery pack 111.
A PDU (Power Distribution Unit) 12 is used to control the energization of the fuel cell vehicle load, protect and monitor the operation of the high-voltage system. A VCU (Vehicle control unit) 121 is a central control unit of the entire Vehicle, and is integrated in the PDU 12, and is used for performing data interaction with other controllers and controlling normal operation of the entire Vehicle.
The motor controller 14 is configured to convert the electric energy output by the fuel cell system 10 and the power storage battery system 11 into electric energy required for driving the motor 15, and control the operation of the motor 15.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a hydrothermal management system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in fig. 2, the water heat management system includes a cooling water circulation pipe 20, a cooling water pump 21, an ion concentration detector 22, a deionizer 23, a stack cooling water interface unit 24, an exhaust pipe 25, a temperature control valve 26, an expansion tank 27, a heat sink 28, and an intercooler 29.
The stack cooling water interface unit 24 includes a cooling water inlet 241, a cooling water inlet temperature sensor 242, a cooling water inlet pressure sensor 243, a cooling water outlet 244, a cooling water outlet temperature sensor 245, and an exhaust port 246.
The cooling water inlet 241 and the cooling water outlet 244 are located inside the stack 103, and the cooling water in the cooling water circulation pipe 20 can flow into and out of the stack through the cooling water inlet 241 and the cooling water outlet 244, so that the stack is cooled. The cooling water inlet temperature sensor 242 and the cooling water inlet pressure sensor 243 are located near the cooling water inlet 241 and are respectively used for detecting temperature and pressure parameters at the cooling water inlet 241. The cooling water outlet temperature sensor 245 is located beside the cooling water outlet 244 and is used for detecting a temperature parameter at the cooling water outlet 244. A gas vent 246 is located inside the stack 103 near the cooling water outlet 244 for venting gas from within the stack.
An output port of the cooling water pump 21 is connected with a cooling water inlet 241, a cooling water outlet 244 is connected with an input port of the thermostatic valve 26, one output port of the thermostatic valve 26 is connected with an input port of the cooling water pump 21, and the other output port of the thermostatic valve 26 is connected with an input port of the cooling water pump 21 through a heat dissipation device 28.
The thermo valve 26 is used to control the flow direction and flow rate of the cooling water according to the temperature of the cooling water in the cooling water circulation pipe 20. When the temperature of the cooling water is lower than a temperature threshold (for example, the operating temperature of the stack 103), the temperature control valve 26 closes the output port connected to the heat dissipation device 28, so that the cooling water directly enters the stack 103 without passing through the heat dissipation device 28; when the temperature of the cooling water exceeds the temperature threshold, the temperature control valve 26 controls the opening of the output port connected to the heat dissipation device 28, so that part of the cooling water enters the electric pile 103 after being dissipated heat by the heat dissipation device 28.
The heat sink 28 includes a heat radiator 281 and a heat radiation fan 282, the heat radiator 281 being used to lower the temperature of the cooling water by transferring the heat of the cooling water to the environment; a heat radiation fan 282 is located near the radiator 281 for accelerating heat radiation of the radiator 281 when the cooling water temperature is excessively high.
The ion concentration detector 22 is located in the cooling water circulation pipe 20 between the cooling water pump 21 and the cooling water inlet 241, and detects the ion concentration of the cooling water flowing into the inside of the stack.
An input port of the deionizer 23 is connected with an output port of the cooling water pump 21, an output port of the deionizer 23 is connected with the intercooler 29, and the deionizer 23 is used for absorbing ions in the cooling water circulation pipe 20. An output port of the intercooler 29 is connected to an input port of the thermo-valve 26, and is used for cooling the compressed air in the air compressor through heat exchange between the cooling liquid and the air, so that the temperature of the air entering the electric pile 101 is within a reasonable range.
The expansion tank 27 includes two input ports connected to the exhaust port 246 and the output port of the heat sink 28, respectively, for absorbing and exhausting excess air in the hydrothermal management system, thereby relieving the pressure of the hydrothermal management system. The expansion tank 27 further comprises an outlet connected to the inlet of the cooling water pump 21 for feeding water to the thermal water management system.
During the operation of the fuel cell system, the conductive ions inside the stack 101 will reach each component in the fuel cell water heat management system along with the cooling water through the cooling water circulation pipe 20, and the deionization device 23 can absorb the conductive ions in the cooling water, but cannot ensure the total absorption. As the fuel cell system is operated, since the deionization unit 23 cannot completely absorb the conductive ions in the cooling water, the conductive ions in the components of the cooling water circulation pipe 20 increase, and the insulation resistance value decreases, which brings a risk of conduction.
In some examples, the composition of the cooling water includes deionized water and ethylene glycol. Optionally, the cooling water composition further comprises additives, such as corrosion inhibitors.
Fig. 3 is a flowchart of an insulation resistance detection method of a fuel cell vehicle according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, which may be performed by a controller, for example, the fuel cell controller 105 in fig. 1, or the VCU 121. Referring to fig. 3, the method includes:
in step 301, a first TDS of cooling water is acquired.
In the disclosed embodiment, TDS refers to the total content of soluble solids in the cooling water, and a higher value of TDS indicates that the more dissolved substances in the cooling water, the more conductive ions in the cooling water. Therefore, the TDS can reflect the content of conductive ions in the cooling water, and further reflect the conductive capability of the cooling water. The conductivity of the cooling water is proportional to the TDS of the cooling water. The larger the TDS value, the more conductive ions in the cooling water, and the greater the conductivity of the cooling water.
During driving of the fuel cell vehicle, the fuel cell controller or VCU may acquire the first TDS of the cooling water through the ion concentration detector.
In step 302, a first conductivity corresponding to the first TDS is determined according to the first TDS and a preset corresponding relationship.
The preset corresponding relationship is the corresponding relationship between the TDS of the cooling water and the conductivity of the cooling water at the reference temperature, and each TDS value corresponds to one conductivity value in the corresponding relationship. The correspondence is obtained in advance by the fuel cell controller or VCU before executing step 301 described above.
Illustratively, the reference temperature value is 25 ℃.
Because in the predetermined corresponding relation, each TDS value corresponds the value of an electrical conductivity, consequently, when the fuel cell car is gone, can be according to predetermined corresponding relation, determine the first electrical conductivity that first TDS corresponds in this predetermined corresponding relation.
Experimental data show that when the TDS of the cooling water is in a limited zone, the conductivity of the cooling water and the TDS of the cooling water are in a linear relationship, and the TDS of the cooling water in the fuel cell system is in the limited zone, that is, the corresponding relationship is a linear relationship.
In step 303, an insulation resistance value of the fuel cell system is determined based on the first conductivity.
In one possible embodiment, the first electrical conductivity is an electrical conductivity of the cooling water at a reference temperature. At this time, this step 303 includes: the reciprocal of the first conductivity is determined as an insulation resistance value of the fuel cell system.
In another possible embodiment, the first electrical conductivity is an electrical conductivity of the cooling water at a non-reference temperature, the non-reference temperature indicating that the temperature of the cooling water is lower or higher than the reference temperature. At this time, this step 303 includes: and correcting the first conductivity according to the temperature of the cooling water corresponding to the first TDS to obtain a second conductivity, and determining the reciprocal of the second conductivity as the insulation resistance value of the fuel cell system.
In the embodiment of the present disclosure, the first conductivity is corrected by using formula (1), where formula (1) is as follows:
L＝L0{1+α2*(t-t0)} (1)
in the formula (1), L is the conductivity of the cooling water at the actual temperature; t0 is a reference temperature; t is the actual temperature of the cooling water; alpha 2 is a temperature correction coefficient at a reference temperature, and the temperature correction coefficient is an experimental measurement value; l0 is the electrical conductivity of the cooling water at the reference temperature t 0.
The conductivity of the cooling water is affected by the temperature of the cooling water, in addition to the TDS of the cooling water, and as the temperature of the cooling water increases, the rate of movement of the conductive ions in the cooling water increases, which increases the conductivity. Since the temperature of the cooling water changes during the operation of the fuel cell system, the first conductivity at the non-reference temperature is corrected to the conductivity at the reference temperature by formula (1), and the influence of the temperature change of the cooling water on the conductivity of the cooling water can be eliminated.
The temperature correction coefficients for different components of cooling water are different, and illustratively, for common cooling water, the temperature correction coefficient is 1.4%/deg.C to 3%/deg.C.
In some examples, the method shown in fig. 3 is performed periodically, for example, to obtain the first TDS of the cooling water at short time intervals, so that the TDS of the cooling water can be monitored in real time.
In other examples, the method illustrated in fig. 3 is performed upon detection of a triggering event, e.g., upon receipt of a detection instruction from a user.
In the embodiment of the disclosure, because the TDS of the cooling water can reflect the content change situation of the conductive ions inside the fuel cell system, and the content change situation of the conductive ions is closely related to the insulation situation of the fuel cell system, the first conductivity is determined based on the first TDS of the cooling water and the corresponding relationship between the preset TDS of the cooling water and the conductivity of the cooling water, and the insulation resistance value of the fuel cell system is obtained according to the first conductivity of the cooling water, so that the determined insulation resistance value of the fuel cell system is more accurate, and the improvement of the safety of the fuel cell vehicle is facilitated.
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of an acquisition process of a corresponding relationship between TDS of the cooling water and conductivity of the cooling water at the reference temperature in the embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in fig. 4, the correspondence relationship is obtained by the following procedure.
In step 401, a conversion factor between the TDS of the cooling water and the conductivity of the cooling water at a reference temperature is determined.
Through a large amount of experimental data, it is found that the electrical conductivity of the cooling water is linear with the TDS of the cooling water during the operation of the fuel cell system, and therefore, the conversion coefficient may be the slope of the corresponding curve of the TDS of the cooling water and the electrical conductivity of the cooling water.
The conversion factor is related to the component of the cooling water, and since different types of cooling water contain different components, the conversion factors corresponding to the cooling water of different components are different. In a possible implementation manner, a mapping relationship (e.g., a mapping table) between the components of the cooling water and the conversion coefficients, which is measured by a human experiment, may be stored in advance, and then a technician may select the corresponding conversion coefficients according to the components of the cooling water.
Illustratively, the scaling factor is between 0.4 and 1.0.
For example, the scaling factor may be determined experimentally as follows: for the cooling water of any component, the concentration of the cooling water is changed at a reference temperature, the TDS of the cooling water is detected by an ion concentration detector and the conductivity of the cooling water is detected by a conductivity detector at different concentrations, and the conversion coefficient is obtained by fitting a plurality of point values.
In step 402, the TDS value and corresponding conductivity of the cooling water at a reference temperature is determined.
In a possible embodiment, the TDS value and the corresponding conductivity of the cooling water can be measured directly at the reference temperature.
In another possible embodiment, the TDS value and the corresponding conductivity of the cooling water may be measured at a non-reference temperature, and then corrected according to equation (1) in step 303 to obtain the conductivity corresponding to the reference temperature.
In step 403, a corresponding relationship between the TDS of the cooling water and the electrical conductivity of the cooling water at the reference temperature is generated according to the conversion coefficient, the TDS value of the cooling water at the reference temperature, and the corresponding electrical conductivity.
The correspondence relationship can be expressed by equation (2):
L＝α1*TDS+b (2)
in the formula (2), α 1 is a conversion coefficient, b is an intercept with TDS on the horizontal axis and conductivity on the vertical axis. b can be determined by substituting the TDS value of the cooling water at the reference temperature in step 402 and the corresponding conductivity sum into equation (2).
In step 404, a range of variation in the conductivity of the cooling water during operation of the fuel cell system is determined.
In the operation process of the fuel cell system, the TDS change range of the cooling water is limited, so that the minimum TDS value and the maximum TDS value of the cooling water in the operation process of the fuel cell system can be obtained by the ion concentration detector and are respectively recorded as TDScin and TDSmax, and then the minimum conductivity Lmin corresponding to the TDScin and the maximum conductivity Lmax corresponding to the TDSmax are determined according to the formula (2).
In step 405, a first variation range of the insulation resistance of the fuel cell system is obtained from the variation range of the conductivity of the cooling water.
The minimum conductivity and the maximum conductivity of the cooling water during the operation of the fuel cell system obtained in step 404 are respectively inverted to obtain a first variation range of the insulation resistance of the fuel cell system.
In step 406, it is determined whether the correspondence relationship is valid according to the first variation range and a second variation range of the insulation resistance of the fuel cell system.
And the second variation range of the insulation resistance of the fuel cell system is measured by artificially simulating the operation environment of the fuel cell system before the fuel cell vehicle operates, and then is input into the fuel cell controller or the VCU. A technician may first detect the conductivity change range of the cooling water by the conductivity detector, and then obtain a second change range of the insulation resistance of the fuel cell system.
In order to ensure the accuracy of the corresponding relationship, the corresponding relationship needs to be checked through the steps 404 and 406. When it is checked that the first variation range of the insulation resistance of the fuel cell system exceeds the second variation range, the correspondence relationship is considered to be invalid.
Fig. 5 is a flowchart of another insulation resistance detection method for a fuel cell vehicle according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, and is suitable for insulation resistance detection of a fuel cell vehicle when a fuel cell system and a power battery system simultaneously provide power for the fuel cell vehicle. The method may be performed by a controller, such as fuel cell controller 105 in FIG. 1, or VCU 121. Referring to fig. 5, the method includes:
in step 501, an insulation resistance value of the fuel cell system is acquired.
In the embodiment of the present disclosure, the insulation resistance value of the fuel cell system is determined by the first TDS of the cooling water obtained in real time and the preset corresponding relationship between the TDS of the cooling water and the electrical conductivity of the cooling water, where the preset corresponding relationship between the TDS of the cooling water and the electrical conductivity of the cooling water is obtained by using the method of fig. 4. The contents of obtaining the insulation resistance value of the fuel cell system refer to the aforementioned steps 301 to 303, and a detailed description thereof is omitted.
In step 502, an insulation resistance value of the power battery system is obtained.
In this embodiment, an external resistance-unbalanced bridge method is used to measure the insulation resistance of the power battery system, and the test circuit is shown in fig. 6. Three upper bridge arm resistors Rp, R1 and R are arranged at the position of the positive pole of the storage battery opposite to the chassis, wherein R1 and R are connected in series and then connected in parallel with Rp, and a switch S is connected in parallel with a resistor R1; three lower bridge arm resistances Rn, R2 and R 'are arranged at the position of the negative pole of the storage battery opposite to the vehicle chassis, wherein R2 and R' are connected in series and then connected in parallel with Rn, and the vehicle chassis is equivalent to a vehicle body ground.
Rp is the resistance of the positive electrode of the storage battery to ground, and Rn is the resistance of the negative electrode of the storage battery to ground. R is the sampling resistance of the upper bridge arm, and R' is the sampling resistance of the lower bridge arm. Optionally, R1, R and R2, R' are high precision resistors, such as high precision wafer resistors, thick film resistors, etc., and specific resistance values can be set according to specific needs.
In the embodiment of the disclosure, the basic principle of testing the insulation resistance of the power battery system is to control the on-off of a switch S in a circuit, change the resistance value in the circuit, and then obtain two different circuit state equations according to the condition that the current flowing into the vehicle body ground from the positive pole of the battery is the same as the current flowing into the vehicle body ground from the negative pole of the battery, so as to obtain the resistance values of Rp and Rn. The measurement steps are as follows:
first, control switch S to open, and obtain a circuit state equation 1 as:
u1 is the voltage value at the two ends of R when the switch S is opened; u2 is the voltage across R' when switch S is open.
Secondly, controlling the switch S to be turned off to obtain a circuit state equation 2 as follows:
u1' is the voltage value at the two ends of R when the switch S is closed; u2 'is the voltage across R' when switch S is closed.
Alternatively, the voltage values U1, U1 ' across R and U2, U2 ' across R ' may be obtained by a collecting unit provided in the power battery system.
And thirdly, solving the resistance values of the positive electrode ground resistance Rp and the negative electrode ground resistance Rn of the storage battery by using the simultaneous circuit state equations 1 and 2.
And fourthly, taking the lowest value of Rp and Rn as the insulation resistance value of the power storage battery system.
Since a larger insulation resistance value indicates a better insulation effect, the minimum value between Rp and Rn can be used to determine the insulation of the power battery system 11.
It should be noted that there is no precedence relationship between the process of acquiring the insulation resistance value of the fuel cell system in step 501 and the process of acquiring the insulation resistance value of the power storage battery system in step 502.
In step 503, an insulation resistance value of the fuel cell vehicle is determined based on the insulation resistance value of the fuel cell system and the insulation resistance value of the power battery system.
Alternatively, in this step 503, the lowest value of the insulation resistance value of the fuel cell system and the insulation resistance value of the power battery system is taken as the insulation resistance value of the fuel cell vehicle.
When the fuel cell vehicle is configured to supply power only to the fuel cell system, the insulation resistance value of the fuel cell system is used as the insulation resistance value of the fuel cell vehicle.
Alternatively, the power battery system of the disclosed embodiment may also be replaced with other forms of auxiliary power systems, for example, the auxiliary power system may be a super capacitor. The method for obtaining the insulation resistance of the super capacitor may be the same as the method for obtaining the insulation resistance of the power storage battery system in step 502.
And when the fuel cell system and the super capacitor jointly supply power for the fuel cell vehicle, taking the lowest value of the insulation resistance value of the fuel cell system and the insulation resistance value of the super capacitor as the insulation resistance value of the fuel cell vehicle. When the fuel cell vehicle is powered only by the fuel cell system, the insulation resistance value of the fuel cell system is taken as the insulation resistance value of the fuel cell vehicle.
Optionally, during the operation of the fuel cell vehicle, the insulation resistance values of other high-voltage devices may also be obtained, the obtaining method of the insulation resistance values of other high-voltage devices may be the same as the method of obtaining the insulation resistance of the power battery system in step 502, and then the lowest value of the insulation resistance values of other high-voltage devices, the insulation resistance value of the fuel cell system, and the insulation resistance value of the power battery system is taken as the insulation resistance value of the entire vehicle. Other high voltage devices may be OBCs (on board chargers), DC-DC converters, and the like.
In step 504, the insulation state of the fuel cell vehicle is determined based on the insulation resistance value of the fuel cell vehicle.
In the embodiment of the present disclosure, the insulation state of the fuel cell vehicle is determined by the VCU. The VCU carries out information interaction with an ion concentration detector or a fuel cell controller of the fuel cell system through the CAN communication network to obtain the insulation resistance value of the fuel cell system, and carries out information interaction with an insulation detection module of the power storage battery system to obtain the insulation resistance value of the power storage battery system. And the VCU compares the acquired insulation resistance value of the fuel cell system with the insulation resistance value of the power storage battery system, takes the lowest value as the insulation resistance value of the fuel cell vehicle, and judges whether the fuel cell vehicle has insulation faults or not according to the resistance value.
The CAN communication network has the characteristics of high communication rate and high accuracy, and the VCU CAN acquire the insulation resistance value of the fuel cell system and the insulation resistance value of the power storage battery system in real time through the CAN communication network so as to judge the insulation state of the fuel cell vehicle.
In the embodiment of the disclosure, the VCU determines the insulation state of the fuel cell vehicle according to the measured insulation resistance value of the fuel cell vehicle, so as to control the fuel cell vehicle to take corresponding safety measures. For example, the VCU determines an insulation fault level according to an insulation resistance value of the fuel cell vehicle, and then takes corresponding safety measures according to the insulation fault level.
In some examples, the insulation fault classes of the fuel cell vehicle are divided into three classes according to the relevant national standards, and different insulation fault classes correspond to different insulation resistance value ranges. For example, if the insulation resistance value of the fuel cell vehicle per working voltage is greater than 500 Ω/V, which indicates that the fuel cell vehicle has no insulation fault, the VCU does not take control measures; if the insulation resistance value of the fuel cell vehicle under each working voltage is between 100 omega/V and 500 omega/V, the fuel cell vehicle has a primary insulation fault, but the insulation fault cannot affect the safety of a driver temporarily, at the moment, the VCU CAN send a command to the motor controller through the CAN communication network, reduce the running speed of the motor and prompt the driver to maintain in time after arriving at the station; if the insulation resistance under the working voltage per volt is less than 100 omega/V, the secondary insulation fault of the fuel cell vehicle is shown, the insulation fault is a serious insulation fault, and the VCU controls related components to cut off the high voltage of the whole vehicle so as to avoid electric shock of a driver.
In the insulation resistance detection method for the fuel cell vehicle provided by the embodiment of the disclosure, the insulation resistance value of the fuel cell system and the insulation resistance value of the power battery system are obtained, the two insulation resistance values are integrated, the lowest value is taken as the insulation resistance value of the fuel cell vehicle, and then the insulation state of the fuel cell vehicle is judged according to the insulation resistance value of the fuel cell vehicle. By the method, whether the fuel cell vehicle has the insulation fault or not can be well judged. Meanwhile, whether the TDS of the cooling water of the fuel cell hydrothermal management system exceeds the standard can be judged according to the measured insulation resistance value of the fuel cell system, and the cooling water can be replaced in advance to protect the galvanic pile. In addition, the detection of the insulation resistance of the fuel cell vehicle is performed on the basis of the original hardware, and detection equipment such as an insulation resistance detector, a conductivity detector and the like is not additionally arranged, so that the resource waste is reduced to a certain extent.
Fig. 7 is a block diagram of a fuel cell vehicle insulation resistance detection apparatus 700 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in fig. 7, the apparatus includes: a first obtaining module 701, a first determining module 702 and a second determining module 703.
The first acquiring module 701 is used for acquiring a first TDS of the cooling water.
The first determining module 702 is configured to determine a first conductivity corresponding to the first TDS according to the first TDS and a preset corresponding relationship, where the corresponding relationship is a corresponding relationship between the TDS of the cooling water and the conductivity of the cooling water at a reference temperature.
The second determination module 703 is configured to determine an insulation resistance value of the fuel cell system according to the first conductivity.
Optionally, the second determining module includes a modification submodule 7031 and a determining submodule 7032, and the modification submodule 7031 is configured to modify the first conductivity according to the temperature of the cooling water corresponding to the first TDS, so as to obtain a second conductivity; determination submodule 7032 is configured to determine a reciprocal of the second conductivity as an insulation resistance value of the fuel cell system.
Optionally, the first determining module 702 is further configured to determine a scaling factor between the TDS of the cooling water and the conductivity of the cooling water at the reference temperature, the scaling factor being related to the composition of the cooling water; determining a TDS value and a corresponding conductivity of the cooling water at the reference temperature; and generating the corresponding relation according to the conversion coefficient, the TDS value of the cooling water at the reference temperature and the corresponding conductivity.
Optionally, the first determining module 702 is further configured to determine, according to the correspondence, a variation range of the conductivity of the cooling water during the operation of the fuel cell system; determining a first variation range of the insulation resistance of the fuel cell system according to the variation range of the conductivity; and determining whether the corresponding relation is valid according to the first change range and a second change range of the insulation resistance of the fuel cell system, wherein the second change range is obtained by simulating the operation process of the fuel cell system.
Optionally, the apparatus further includes a second obtaining module 704 and a third determining module 705.
And a second obtaining module 704, configured to obtain an insulation resistance value of the power storage battery system.
A third determination module 705, configured to determine an insulation resistance value of the fuel cell vehicle according to the insulation resistance value of the fuel cell system and the insulation resistance value of the power battery system.
It should be noted that: in the insulation resistance detection device 700 for a fuel cell vehicle according to the above embodiment, only the division of the above functional modules is taken as an example for insulation resistance detection, and in practical applications, the above functions may be distributed to different functional modules according to needs, that is, the internal structure of the device may be divided into different functional modules to complete all or part of the above described functions. In addition, the insulation resistance detection device 700 for a fuel cell vehicle provided in the above embodiment and the insulation resistance detection method embodiment for a fuel cell vehicle belong to the same concept, and specific implementation processes thereof are described in the method embodiment and are not described herein again.
Fig. 8 is a block diagram of a computer device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in fig. 8, the computer device 800 may be a vehicle-mounted computer or the like. The computer device 800 comprises: a processor 801 and a memory 802.
The processor 801 may include one or more processing cores, such as a 4-core processor, an 8-core processor, and so forth. The processor 801 may be implemented in at least one hardware form of a DSP (Digital Signal Processing), an FPGA (Field-Programmable Gate Array), and a PLA (Programmable Logic Array). The processor 801 may also include a main processor and a coprocessor, where the main processor is a processor for Processing data in an awake state, and is also called a Central Processing Unit (CPU); a coprocessor is a low power processor for processing data in a standby state. In some embodiments, the processor 801 may be integrated with a GPU (Graphics Processing Unit), which is responsible for rendering and drawing the content required to be displayed on the display screen. In some embodiments, the processor 801 may further include an AI (Artificial Intelligence) processor for processing computing operations related to machine learning.
Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the architecture shown in FIG. 8 is not intended to be limiting of computer devices, and may include more or fewer components than those shown, or some components may be combined, or a different arrangement of components may be used.
Embodiments of the present invention also provide a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium, wherein when the instructions in the storage medium are executed by the processor 801 of the computer device 800, the computer device is enabled to execute the method for detecting the insulation resistance of the fuel cell vehicle provided in the embodiment shown in fig. 3, fig. 4 or fig. 5.
A computer program product containing instructions which, when run on a computer, cause a computer apparatus 800 to perform the method of fuel cell vehicle insulation resistance detection provided by the embodiment shown in fig. 3, 4 or 5 when run on a computer.
The above description is intended to be exemplary only and not to limit the present disclosure, and any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made without departing from the spirit and scope of the present disclosure is to be considered as the same as the present disclosure.
Claims (9)
1. A method for detecting insulation resistance of a fuel cell vehicle, wherein the fuel cell vehicle comprises a fuel cell system, the fuel cell system comprises an electric pile and a hydrothermal management system, the hydrothermal management system comprises an ion concentration detector and cooling water for cooling the electric pile, and the method comprises the following steps:
acquiring a first Total Dissolved Solids (TDS) of the cooling water, wherein the first TDS is detected by the ion concentration detector;
determining first conductivity corresponding to the first TDS according to the first TDS and a preset corresponding relation, wherein the corresponding relation is the corresponding relation between the TDS of the cooling water and the conductivity of the cooling water at a reference temperature;
determining an insulation resistance value of the fuel cell system according to the first conductivity;
determining the variation range of the conductivity of the cooling water in the operation process of the fuel cell system according to the corresponding relation;
determining a first variation range of the insulation resistance of the fuel cell system according to the variation range of the conductivity;
and determining whether the corresponding relation is valid according to the first change range and a second change range of the insulation resistance of the fuel cell system, wherein the second change range is obtained by simulating the operation process of the fuel cell system.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein determining the insulation resistance value of the fuel cell system based on the first conductivity comprises:
correcting the first conductivity according to the temperature of the cooling water corresponding to the first TDS to obtain a second conductivity, wherein the temperature of the cooling water corresponding to the first TDS is a non-reference temperature;
determining a reciprocal of the second conductivity as an insulation resistance value of the fuel cell system.
3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the method further comprises:
determining a conversion factor between the TDS of the cooling water and the conductivity of the cooling water at the reference temperature, the conversion factor being related to the composition of the cooling water;
determining a TDS value and a corresponding conductivity of the cooling water at the reference temperature;
and generating the corresponding relation according to the conversion coefficient, the TDS value of the cooling water at the reference temperature and the corresponding conductivity.
4. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the method further comprises:
acquiring an insulation resistance value of the power storage battery system;
and determining the insulation resistance value of the fuel cell vehicle according to the insulation resistance value of the fuel cell system and the insulation resistance value of the power storage battery system.
5. An insulation resistance detecting device of a fuel cell vehicle, characterized by comprising:
the first acquisition module is used for acquiring a first TDS of the cooling water, and the first TDS is detected by an ion concentration detector;
the first determining module is used for determining first conductivity corresponding to the first TDS according to the first TDS and a preset corresponding relation, wherein the corresponding relation is the corresponding relation between the TDS of the cooling water and the conductivity of the cooling water at a reference temperature;
a second determination module for determining an insulation resistance value of the fuel cell system based on the first conductivity;
the first determining module is further used for determining the change range of the conductivity of the cooling water in the operation process of the fuel cell system according to the corresponding relation; determining a first variation range of the insulation resistance of the fuel cell system according to the variation range of the conductivity; and determining whether the corresponding relation is valid according to the first change range and a second change range of the insulation resistance of the fuel cell system, wherein the second change range is obtained by simulating the operation process of the fuel cell system.
6. The apparatus of claim 5, wherein the second determining module comprises:
the correction submodule is used for correcting the first conductivity according to the temperature of the cooling water corresponding to the first TDS to obtain a second conductivity, and the temperature of the cooling water corresponding to the first TDS is a non-reference temperature;
a determination submodule for determining a reciprocal of the second conductivity as an insulation resistance value of the fuel cell system.
7. The apparatus of claim 5 or 6, further comprising:
the second acquisition module is used for acquiring the insulation resistance value of the power storage battery system;
and the third determination module is used for determining the insulation resistance value of the fuel cell vehicle according to the insulation resistance value of the fuel cell system and the insulation resistance value of the power storage battery system.
8. A computer device, comprising:
a processor;
a memory for storing processor-executable instructions;
wherein the processor is configured to perform the method of any one of claims 1 to 4.
9. A computer-readable storage medium, wherein instructions in the computer-readable storage medium, when executed by a processor of a computer device, enable the computer device to perform the method of any of claims 1 to 4.
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| CN113504412B (en) * | 2021-07-07 | 2023-08-29 | 广州高澜节能技术股份有限公司 | Detection system and detection method for abnormal conductivity value of pure water cooling device |
| CN114970218B (en) * | 2022-08-01 | 2022-11-08 | 北京英博新能源有限公司 | Deionizer life evaluation method and device and electronic equipment |
| CN115911453B (en) * | 2022-11-09 | 2024-07-19 | 深蓝汽车科技有限公司 | Insulation resistance control method and device for fuel cell automobile, vehicle and medium |
| CN115494415A (en) * | 2022-11-17 | 2022-12-20 | 楚能新能源股份有限公司 | Battery cell internal resistance estimation method |
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