CN113029805B - Visual detection method for high-temperature performance of material with external magnetic field - Google Patents
Visual detection method for high-temperature performance of material with external magnetic field Download PDFInfo
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- CN113029805B CN113029805B CN202110240793.4A CN202110240793A CN113029805B CN 113029805 B CN113029805 B CN 113029805B CN 202110240793 A CN202110240793 A CN 202110240793A CN 113029805 B CN113029805 B CN 113029805B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/08—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces
- G01N3/18—Performing tests at high or low temperatures
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/01—Arrangements or apparatus for facilitating the optical investigation
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/84—Systems specially adapted for particular applications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/01—Arrangements or apparatus for facilitating the optical investigation
- G01N2021/0106—General arrangement of respective parts
- G01N2021/0112—Apparatus in one mechanical, optical or electronic block
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
- G01N2203/06—Indicating or recording means; Sensing means
- G01N2203/0641—Indicating or recording means; Sensing means using optical, X-ray, ultraviolet, infrared or similar detectors
- G01N2203/0647—Image analysis
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Abstract
The invention relates to a visual detection method for high-temperature performance of a material with an external magnetic field, which comprises the following steps: preparing high-temperature speckle mixed liquid, drawing a high-temperature-resistant graphic mark, putting a detected material, starting cooling water, vacuumizing, starting an active light source, supplying magnetism, starting a test, acquiring data and finishing the test. The invention can intuitively observe the change state of the detected material in the high-temperature service process under the environment of an external magnetic field in real time, and has high image acquisition quality.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of detection of service performance of materials, in particular to a visual detection method for high-temperature performance of a material with an external magnetic field.
Background
The electromagnetic process of the material is a new leading-edge interdisciplinary subject and research direction, and has important significance for metal smelting, non-metallic materials, new materials and the like. The electromagnetic field widely exists in the field of metallurgy, and along with the deep development of electromagnetic metallurgical theory research and basic research work, the application of the electromagnetic field in the field of metallurgy is mature day by day, and an important way is provided for smelting new steel types and improving the quality of steel. The refractory material plays a vital role in the high-efficiency safe production of steel smelting and other thermal equipment and the quality of products, is an essential basic material in high-temperature industrial production such as metallurgy, electric power, petrochemical industry, aerospace industry and the like, and the damage of the refractory material has great influence on the safe and high-efficiency operation of a high-temperature kiln and the production quality of steel. The external electromagnetic field influences the motion state of molten steel and the properties of molten slag in the steel smelting process, and finally influences the steel performance, the slag corrosion behavior of refractory materials and the like, so that the research on the high-temperature mechanical property, the erosion resistance and the like of the materials in the magnetic field environment has great significance.
The existing strain measurement methods are generally classified into a contact strain measurement method and a non-contact strain measurement method. The contact type strain measurement method is characterized by the strain of a material according to the displacement of a measuring head, and on one hand, the measurement range is limited, and the strain can only be measured at a single point or a local part; on the other hand, the contact strain measurement can only obtain average strain information, and cannot accurately represent asymmetric strain. Compared with the traditional contact type strain measurement technology, the main principle of the non-contact type strain measurement technology is based on the digital image correlation technology, the deformation measurement is realized based on the machine vision principle, the contact with a test piece can be avoided, the whole process of stretching or compression can be detected, the measurement test piece cannot be influenced, but the change of the heated density of the gas in the test environment influences the light refractive index, so that the image acquisition quality and the calculation precision are influenced. And at present, no means for effectively realizing the visual detection of the high-temperature performance of the material in an external magnetic field environment at 1600 ℃ is available.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a visual detection method for the high-temperature performance of a material with an external magnetic field, which aims to solve the defects in the prior art and solve the technical problem by adopting the following technical scheme.
A visual detection method for high-temperature performance of a material with an external magnetic field comprises the following steps:
s1, preparing a high-temperature speckle mixed solution;
s2, drawing a high-temperature-resistant graphic mark;
s3, putting the detected material; placing a sample of the detected material into a hearth module of a furnace body unit and placing the sample on a sample table; the furnace body unit is provided with a visible window module which is used for providing a window for the optical detection unit to detect the sample;
s4, starting cooling water; the furnace body unit is cooled through a heating and cooling unit, the cooling unit comprises a heating and temperature measuring module and a cooling module, the cooling module is arranged on the outer side of the furnace body unit, and cooling water flows on the outer side of the furnace body unit through the cooling module;
s5, vacuumizing; the inner space of the hearth module is pumped into a vacuum environment through a vacuum unit;
s6, starting an active light source; the active light source is arranged in the optical detection unit, and the optical detection unit is arranged on the outer side of the furnace body unit and is matched with the visible window module in height;
s7, supplying magnetism; providing a magnetic field environment for the sample through a magnetic supply unit;
s8, starting a test;
s9, data acquisition;
and S10, finishing the test.
Preferably, in S1, the solute of the high-temperature speckle mixed solution is alumina micro powder or silica micro powder or silicon carbide micro powder or hercynite micro powder or cobaltous oxide micro powder, the solvent is acetone or absolute ethyl alcohol or water, and the mass ratio of the solute to the solvent is (3-10): 1; and S2, spraying the high-temperature speckle mixed solution on the surface of a sample to be detected, carrying out heat treatment on the sample at 110-200 ℃ for 1-3 h, and firing at 1600 ℃ for 1-2 h to obtain the high-temperature-resistant graphic mark.
Preferably, in S3, the hearth module includes a furnace shell and a hearth brick attached to an inner wall of the furnace shell and having a hollow interior; holes matched with the heating and cooling units are formed in the positions corresponding to the upper surfaces of the furnace shell and the hearth bricks, and holes matched with the vacuum units are formed in the positions corresponding to the side surfaces of the furnace shell and the hearth bricks; the furnace door module is arranged on the furnace shell and comprises a furnace door hinged with the furnace shell and a furnace door heat-resistant rubber ring arranged on the inner surface of the furnace door, a furnace door buckle is arranged at the non-hinged end of the furnace door, and the furnace door buckle is matched with a bolt screw rod and a bolt nut to tightly press the furnace door on the furnace shell; the furnace door is provided with a visible window module, the visible window module comprises a visible window arranged on the furnace door, quartz glass positioned on the outer side of the furnace door and covering the visible window, and a heat-resistant rubber ring arranged between the furnace door and the quartz glass, and the quartz glass and the heat-resistant rubber ring are fixedly arranged on the outer side surface of the furnace door through flanges.
Preferably, in S4, the cooling module includes a water pump and a cooling water pipeline connected to the water pump and spirally installed on the periphery of the furnace shell, a cooling water inlet of the cooling water pipeline is located below the cooling water pipeline, and a cooling water outlet is located above the cooling water pipeline; the heating temperature measuring module comprises a heating element arranged in the hearth module, a thermocouple arranged in the hearth module and externally sleeved with a corundum protective sleeve, and a heating controller connected with the heating element and the thermocouple, wherein the heating element penetrates through holes in the upper surfaces of the furnace shell and the hearth brick and extends into the hearth module; and S4, connecting a water pump with a cooling water outlet, connecting a cooling water inlet with a cooling water source, turning on the water pump, and enabling the cooling water to flow around the outer surface of the furnace shell from bottom to top through a cooling water pipeline.
Preferably, in S5, the vacuum unit includes a vacuum pump, an exhaust pipe connecting the vacuum pump and the furnace module, a vacuum valve and a pressure gauge provided on the exhaust pipe, and the exhaust pipe is communicated with an inner space of the furnace module; s5, opening a vacuum pump and a vacuum valve, observing the air pressure inside the hearth module through a pressure gauge, and pumping the air pressure inside the hearth module to 6 multiplied by 10 -3 Pa to 100Pa, and closing the vacuum valve and the vacuum pump.
Preferably, in S6, the optical detection unit further includes a fixing bracket and two industrial cameras disposed on the fixing bracket, the active light source is disposed on the fixing bracket and located between the two industrial cameras, the lenses of the industrial cameras are sequentially mounted with a bandpass filter lens and a neutral gray scale lens, and the two industrial cameras are perpendicular to each other; and S6, starting the active light source, recording initial picture information of the high-temperature-resistant graphic mark by using the industrial camera, keeping the active light source started, and suspending the recording of the picture information of the high-temperature-resistant graphic mark by the industrial camera.
Preferably, in S7, the magnetic supply unit includes a power supply located outside the furnace body unit, a coil connected to the power supply, and a sample table located inside the furnace module; the hearth brick is internally provided with a magnetic coil empty slot, the coil is placed in the magnetic coil empty slot, the side surfaces of the hearth brick and the furnace shell are both provided with through wire holes, and two ends of the coil penetrate through the through wire holes to be connected with the power supply; and S7, starting a power supply, adjusting a current input mode of a coil, controlling the magnetic field intensity inside the hearth module through the current of the power supply, adjusting the magnetic field intensity to 0.05-50mT, and in S7, enabling the current input mode of the coil to be direct current or alternating current so as to enable the magnetic field inside the hearth module to be a static magnetic field or an alternating magnetic field.
Preferably, in S8, the heating temperature measuring module is started, the temperature of the sample of the detected material is raised to the experimental temperature, the industrial camera is started, and the picture information of the high-temperature-resistant graphic mark is recorded, wherein the recording time interval is 0-12000 ms. Preferably, in S9, the initial picture information of the high-temperature-resistant graphic mark is used as a reference picture, and the strain change analysis is performed on the high-temperature-resistant graphic mark pictures one by one to obtain a strain/displacement-time, strain/displacement-temperature curve of the sample and an instantaneous strain distribution cloud map of the sample in the external magnetic field environment.
Preferably, in S10, the recording of the picture information of the high-temperature-resistant graphic marks by the industrial camera is stopped, the heating is stopped, and when the hearth module is cooled to below 200 ℃, the vacuum valve is opened, and the water pump is closed.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) According to the invention, the high-temperature-resistant graphic mark is made on the surface of the sample of the detected material, the optical detection unit is adopted, the active light source imaging technology is adopted, and the bandpass filter lens with the same central wavelength as that of the active light source is matched, so that the influence of the thermal radiation of the sample in a high-temperature service state at 1600 ℃ on the contrast of the acquired image signal can be effectively eliminated. The detection area is subjected to vacuum processing, a neutral gray scale mirror with low light flux is loaded at the lens to prolong the exposure time, and heat flow disturbance is averaged through a physical means, so that the interference of light refraction fluctuation caused by air density change in the optical path system on image signal acquisition is reduced. The monochromatic light source illumination and band-pass filter imaging technology based on the active light source can intuitively observe the change state of the detected material in the high-temperature service process in real time.
(2) According to the invention, the vacuum unit is arranged, so that a vacuum environment is provided for the sample, the influence of the change of the heated density of the gas on the light refractive index is reduced, and the image acquisition quality and the calculation precision are improved.
(3) The magnetic supply system is arranged, so that a static magnetic field and an alternating magnetic field can be provided, so that the surface strain information of the material in the service process under different magnetic field environments can be obtained, and the service performance parameters of the material under the high-temperature electromagnetic environment can be obtained; the magnetic coil is arranged in the high-temperature furnace, so that the magnetic loss of the electromagnetic coil is reduced to the maximum extent, and the magnetic field lines generated by the electromagnetic coil can be ensured to be uniform and controllable; the electromagnetic coil is a mica-coated pure nickel core high-temperature resistant coil, so that the equipment can be ensured to realize strong electromagnetic field stable long-term loading in the environment of high temperature of 1600 ℃ at most.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the steps of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the structure of the furnace unit according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view showing the construction of the furnace shell according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of a hearth brick of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a furnace module according to the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of a furnace door module according to the present invention;
FIG. 8 is an exploded view of the visible window module of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a schematic sectional view of a visual window module according to the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a schematic view of a heating and cooling unit according to the present invention;
FIG. 11 is a schematic structural diagram of a heating and temperature measuring module according to the present invention;
FIG. 12 is a schematic view of the cooling module of the present invention;
FIG. 13 is a schematic view showing the installation of the heating and cooling unit according to the present invention;
FIG. 14 is a schematic view of a magnetic unit according to the present invention;
FIG. 15 is a schematic view showing the installation of the magnet unit according to the present invention;
FIG. 16 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a magnetic unit according to the present invention;
FIG. 17 is a schematic view showing the structure of a vacuum unit according to the present invention;
FIG. 18 is a schematic structural diagram of an optical detection unit according to the present invention;
FIG. 19 is a schematic view of the installation of the optical detection unit of the present invention;
the reference numbers in the figures are, in order: 100. a furnace body unit; 110. the furnace comprises a hearth module 111, a furnace shell 112, hearth bricks 113 and a magnetic coil empty slot; 120. the oven door module 121, an oven door 122, an oven door heat-resistant rubber ring 123, hinges 124, an oven door buckle 125, a bolt screw 126 and a bolt nut; 130. a visible window module 131, a visible window 132, quartz glass 133, a heat-resistant rubber ring 134 and a flange; 200. a heating and cooling unit; 210. the heating temperature measuring module 211, the heating element 212, the thermocouple 213 and the heating controller; 220. the cooling module 221, the water pump 222, the cooling water pipeline 223, the cooling water inlet 224 and the cooling water outlet; 300. a magnetic supply unit; 301. a coil 302, a through hole 303, a power supply 304, a sample table 305, and a sample; 400. a vacuum unit; 401. a vacuum pump 402, an exhaust tube 403, a vacuum valve 404 and a pressure gauge; 500. an optical detection unit; 501. industrial camera 502, active light source 503, band-pass filter lens 504, neutral gray scale mirror 505, fixed support.
Detailed Description
It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments in the present application may be combined with each other without conflict. The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings in conjunction with embodiments.
Example 1:
referring to fig. 1 to 19, a method for visually detecting the high temperature performance of a material with an applied magnetic field is improved by comprising the following steps:
s1, preparing a high-temperature speckle mixed solution;
s2, drawing a high-temperature-resistant graphic mark;
s3, placing the detected material; placing a sample 305 of the detected material into the hearth module 110 of the furnace body unit 100 and placing the sample on a sample table 304; the furnace body unit 100 is provided with a visible window module 130, and the visible window module 130 is used for providing a window for the optical detection unit 500 to detect the sample 305;
s4, starting cooling water; the furnace body unit 100 is cooled by a heating and cooling unit 200, the cooling unit 200 comprises a heating and temperature measuring module 210 and a cooling module 220, the cooling module 220 is arranged at the outer side of the furnace body unit 100, and cooling water flows at the outer side of the furnace body unit 100 through the cooling module 220;
s5, vacuumizing; the inner space of the furnace module 110 is evacuated to a vacuum environment by the vacuum unit 400;
s6, starting an active light source; the active light source 502 is disposed in the optical detection unit 500, and the optical detection unit 500 is disposed outside the furnace body unit 100 and is matched with the visible window module 130 in height;
s7, supplying magnetism; providing a magnetic field environment for the sample 305 through the magnetic supply unit 300;
s8, starting a test;
s9, data acquisition;
and S10, finishing the test.
In this embodiment: providing an experimental space for detection for the detected material through the furnace body unit 100; heating and cooling the furnace body unit 100 by the heating and cooling unit 200 for the sample 305 of the material to be detected; providing a magnetic field environment for a sample 305 of the detected material through the magnetic supply unit 300; providing a vacuum environment for the sample 305 of material being tested by the vacuum unit 400; the change of the sample 305 of the detected material is detected in real time by the optical detection unit 500.
The present embodiment is a non-contact strain detection method, so as to overcome the limitations of the contact strain detection/measurement method/apparatus in the prior art. The vacuum unit 400 is arranged in the embodiment, a vacuum environment is provided for the sample 305, so that the influence of the change of the heated density of the gas on the light refractive index is reduced, and the image acquisition quality and the calculation precision are improved. In the embodiment, the magnetic supply system 300 is arranged, so that service performance parameters of the material in a high-temperature electromagnetic environment can be acquired.
Further, in S1, the solute of the high-temperature speckle mixed solution is alumina micro powder, silica micro powder, silicon carbide micro powder, hercynite micro powder, or cobaltous oxide micro powder, the solvent is acetone, absolute ethyl alcohol, or water, and the mass ratio of the solute to the solvent is (3-10): 1; and S2, spraying the high-temperature speckle mixed solution on the surface to be detected of the sample 305, carrying out heat treatment on the sample 305 at 110-200 ℃ for 1-3 h, and then firing at 1600 ℃ for 1-2 h to obtain the high-temperature-resistant graphic mark.
Preferably, in S1, hercynite micropowder and acetone are mixed according to a mass ratio of 10; s2, carrying out heat treatment on the sample 305 at 110 ℃ for 1h, and then firing at 1600 ℃ for 1h to obtain a high-temperature-resistant graphic mark;
or, in S1, silicon carbide micro powder is adopted: mixing absolute ethyl alcohol with the mass ratio of 7; s2, carrying out heat treatment on the sample 305 at 150 ℃ for 2h, and then firing at 1600 ℃ for 2h to obtain a high-temperature-resistant graphic mark;
or, in the S1, alumina fine powder is adopted: mixing and preparing a high-temperature speckle mixed solution with the water mass ratio of 3; and S2, carrying out heat treatment on the sample 305 at 200 ℃ for 3h, and then firing at 1600 ℃ for 2h to obtain the high-temperature-resistant graphic mark.
Example 2:
on the basis of embodiment 1, referring to fig. 3 to 6, in S3, the furnace body unit 100 includes a furnace module 110, where the furnace module 110 includes a furnace shell 111 and furnace bricks 112 attached to an inner wall of the furnace shell 111 and having a hollow interior; holes matched with the heating and cooling unit 200 are formed in the positions corresponding to the upper surfaces of the furnace shell 111 and the hearth bricks 112, and holes matched with the vacuum unit 400 are formed in the positions corresponding to the side surfaces of the furnace shell 111 and the hearth bricks 112.
Further, the furnace shell 111 is a square shell made of steel.
Further, the hearth brick 112 is made of corundum refractory material, and the inside of the hearth brick is a hollow square space.
In this embodiment: the hearth modules 110 and the furnace shell 111 are used for providing a supporting function for components of the whole detection device, and the hearth bricks 112 are used for protecting the furnace shell 111.
Further, referring to fig. 7, an oven door module 120 is disposed on the oven shell 111, the oven door module 120 includes an oven door 121 hinged to the oven shell 111, and an oven door heat-resistant rubber ring 122 disposed on an inner surface of the oven door 121, an oven door buckle 124 is disposed at a non-hinged end of the oven door 121, and the oven door buckle 124 cooperates with the door bolt rod 125 and the door bolt nut 126 to press the oven door 121 against the oven shell 111.
Further, the oven door 121 is a steel square door.
Further, one end of the oven door 121 is hinged to the oven shell 111 through a hinge 123, and an oven door buckle 124 is welded to the other end of the oven door 121, so that the oven door 121 can be opened and closed around the hinge 123.
Further, the hinge 123 is made of steel, one end of the hinge is connected to the furnace shell 111, and the other end of the hinge is connected to the furnace door 121.
Further, the oven door fastener 124 is a steel semicircular ring, and one end of the steel semicircular ring is welded on the oven door 121; the bolt screw 125 is a steel screw, one end of the bolt screw is connected to the furnace shell 111, and the other end of the bolt screw is matched with a bolt nut 126; the bolt nut 126 is a steel nut.
In this embodiment: the oven door module 120 and the oven door 121 are used for taking and placing samples 305 of detected materials, the oven door heat-resistant rubber ring 122 is used for sealing the oven door 121, the hinge 123 is used for opening and closing the oven door 121, and the oven door buckle 124, the door bolt screw 125 and the door bolt nut 126 are mutually matched for pressing the oven door 121 on the oven shell 111.
Further, referring to fig. 8 and 9, a visible window module 130 is disposed on the oven door 121, and the visible window module 130 includes a visible window 131 opened on the oven door 121, a quartz glass 132 located outside the oven door 121 and covering the visible window 131, and a heat-resistant rubber ring 133 disposed between the oven door 121 and the quartz glass 132, where the quartz glass 132 and the heat-resistant rubber ring 133 are fixed on an outer side surface of the oven door 121 by a flange 134.
Further, the viewing window 131 is a rectangular through hole, and is disposed in the center of the oven door 121.
Further, the quartz glass 132 is a quartz rectangular glass slightly larger than the viewing window 131.
Further, the flange 134 is a steel rectangle, the center is a square through hole, the periphery is provided with a threaded hole, the flange is fixed on the furnace door 121 through bolts, and the quartz glass 132 and the heat-resistant rubber ring 133 are fixedly arranged on the furnace door 121.
In this embodiment, the visual window module 130, the visual window 131 and the quartz glass 132 are used for providing a window for the optical detection unit 500 to detect the sample 305 of the detected material, the quartz glass 132 is used for blocking part of the heat radiation in the furnace module 110, the heat-resistant rubber ring 133 is used for sealing the visual window 131, and the flange 134 is used for fixing the quartz glass 132 and the heat-resistant rubber ring 133 on the furnace door 121.
Example 3:
in addition to embodiment 2, referring to fig. 10 to 13, in S4, the cooling module 220 includes a water pump 221, a cooling water pipe 222 connected to the water pump 221 and spirally installed on the periphery of the furnace shell 111; the cooling water inlet 223 of the cooling water line 222 is positioned below the cooling water line 222, and the cooling water outlet 224 is positioned above the cooling water line 222; the heating temperature measuring module 210 comprises a heating element 211 arranged in the hearth module 110, a thermocouple 212 arranged in the hearth module 110 and externally sleeved with a corundum protective sleeve, and a heating controller 213 connected with the heating element 211 and the thermocouple 212, wherein the heating element 211 penetrates through holes on the upper surfaces of the furnace shell 111 and the hearth bricks 112 and extends into the hearth module 110; in S4, the water pump 221 is connected with the cooling water outlet 224, the cooling water inlet 223 is connected with a cooling water source, the water pump 221 is turned on, and cooling water flows around the outer surface of the furnace shell 111 from bottom to top through the cooling water pipeline 222.
Further, the cooling water pipe 222 is a spiral steel round pipe, and is spirally wound and welded on the outer side surface of the furnace shell 111.
Further, the heating element 211 is a silicon-molybdenum rod or a silicon-molybdenum band or a tungsten rod or a tungsten wire, and the upper end of the heating element 211 is connected with a heating controller.
In this embodiment: the cooling module 220 is used for cooling the furnace shell 111 of the furnace module 110, the water pump 221 is used for providing power for the cooling module 220, and the cooling water pipeline 222 is used for providing a flow passage for cooling water. The heating element 211 is used for increasing the heat energy to heat the sample 305 of the detected material; the thermocouple 212 is used to measure the temperature within the furnace module 110; the heating controller 213 is used to control the heating efficiency of the heating element 211 and adjust the heating efficiency of the heating element 211 according to the measurement signal of the thermocouple 212, so as to adjust the heating temperature in the furnace module 110, and further adjust the heated temperature of the sample 305 of the detected material.
Example 4:
on the basis of any one of embodiments 2-3, referring to fig. 17, in S5, the vacuum unit 400 includes a vacuum pump 401, an exhaust pipe 402 connecting the vacuum pump 401 and the furnace module 110, a vacuum valve 403 arranged on the exhaust pipe 402, and a pressure gauge 404, wherein the exhaust pipe 402 is communicated with the inner space of the furnace module 110; in S5, the vacuum pump 401 and the vacuum valve 403 are opened, the pressure inside the furnace module 110 is observed through the pressure gauge 404, and the pressure inside the furnace module 110 is pumped to 6 multiplied by 10 -3 Pa to 100Pa, the vacuum valve 403 and the vacuum pump 401 are closed.
In this embodiment: the vacuum unit 400 is used for providing a vacuum environment for the furnace module 110, the vacuum pump 401 is used for providing power for the vacuum unit 400, the vacuum valve 403 is used for controlling the on-off of the vacuum unit 400, and the pressure gauge 404 is used for observing the air pressure in the furnace module 110. The air pressure range inside the furnace module 110 is 0.006Pa to 100Pa, because the optical detection unit 500 extracts the picture information inside the furnace module 110 outside the furnace body unit 100, if the air inside the furnace module 110 is more, a 'heat flow disturbance' phenomenon will be formed, resulting in inaccurate picture information extracted by the optical detection unit 500. When the pressure is lower than 0.006Pa, the equipment preparation cost is too high, and when the pressure is higher than 100Pa, the air in the hearth module 110 can form a heat flow disturbance phenomenon, so that the range of the air pressure in the hearth module 110 is set to be 0.006 Pa-100 Pa.
Preferably, in S5, the internal pressure of the furnace module 110 is pumped to 6 × 10 -3 Pa or 50Pa or 100Pa.
Example 5:
on the basis of any of the embodiments described above, referring to fig. 18 and 19, in S6, the optical detection unit 500 further includes a fixing bracket 505 and two industrial cameras 501 disposed on the fixing bracket 505, the active light source 502 is disposed on the fixing bracket 505 and located between the two industrial cameras 501, a bandpass filter 503 and a neutral gray-scale mirror 504 are sequentially mounted on a lens of the industrial camera 501, and the two industrial cameras 501 are perpendicular to each other; in S6, the active light source 502 is turned on, the industrial camera 501 is used to record the initial picture information of the high temperature resistant graphic mark, the active light source 502 is kept turned on, and the recording of the picture information of the high temperature resistant graphic mark by the industrial camera 501 is suspended.
Further, the light emitted by the active light source 502 is visible light with a wavelength of 350-450 nm.
Further, the cut-off range of the optical wave of the band-pass filter 503 is 10 to 30nm, and the central wavelength is the same as the wavelength of the light emitted by the active light source 502.
Further, the amount of light transmitted by the neutral gray-scale mirror 504 is 0.2 to 10%.
Further, the fixing bracket 505 is a triangular bracket and is placed right in front of the visible window 131.
Further, the height of the fixing bracket 505 is not lower than the lower side of the visual window 131 of the visual window module 130; further, the fixing bracket 505 is slightly higher than the lower side of the visual window 131.
In this embodiment: the optical detection unit 500 is used for detecting the change of the sample 306 of the detected material in real time, the industrial camera 501 is used for photographing the sample 306, the active light source 502 is used for providing a light source for photographing the sample 306, and the fixing support 505 is used for fixing the industrial camera 501 and the active light source 502.
Example 6:
in addition to embodiment 2, referring to fig. 14 to 16, in S7, the magnetic supply unit 300 includes a power supply 303 located outside the furnace body unit 100, a coil 301 connected to the power supply 303, and a sample table 304 located inside the furnace module 110; a magnetic coil empty slot 113 is formed in the hearth brick 112, the coil 301 is placed in the magnetic coil empty slot 113, through-wire holes 302 are formed in the side surfaces of the hearth brick 112 and the furnace shell 111, and two ends of the coil 301 penetrate through the through-wire holes 302 to be connected with the power supply 303; in S7, the power supply 303 is turned on, the current input mode of the coil 301 is adjusted, the magnetic field intensity inside the hearth module 110 is controlled through the current of the power supply 303, and the magnetic field intensity is adjusted to 0.05 mT-50 mT. Further, the sample table 304 is a square table made of silicon carbide ceramic, aluminum oxide ceramic or graphite, and the height of the sample table 304 is not lower than the lower side of the visible window 131 of the visible window module 130; further, the specimen stage 304 is slightly above the bottom of the viewing window 131.
Further, the magnetic coil empty slots 113 are two in number and are respectively located above and below the sample table 304.
Further, the coil 301 is a mica-coated pure nickel core high-temperature resistant coil, the coil 301 is wound into a multi-turn spiral shape, and the coil 301 is wound in the same direction and coaxially placed in the magnetic coil holding empty slot 113.
Further, in S7, the current input mode of the coil 301 is direct current or alternating current, so that the magnetic field inside the hearth module 110 is a static magnetic field or an alternating magnetic field, the positive and negative poles of the power supply 303 are connected to the coil 301 placed in the magnetic coil placing empty slot 113, and power is supplied to the coil 301, so that the coil generates an induced magnetic field with a certain strength and direction in the middle of the hearth module 110.
In this embodiment: the magnetic supply unit 300 is used for providing an electromagnetic field with a certain intensity for a sample 305 of a detected material, the sample table 304 is used for placing the sample 305 of the detected material, and the power supply 303 can provide a static magnetic field and an alternating magnetic field so as to obtain surface strain information of the sample 305 in a service process under different magnetic field environments, thereby obtaining service performance parameters of the sample 305 under a high-temperature electromagnetic environment.
Preferably, in S7, the magnetic field strength is adjusted to 0.05mT, 25mT or 50mT.
Example 7:
on the basis of the embodiment 6, in S8, the heating and temperature measuring module 210 is started, the temperature of the sample 305 of the detected material is raised to the experimental temperature, the industrial camera 501 is started, and the picture information of the high temperature resistant graphic mark is recorded, wherein the recording time interval is 0 to 12000ms;
preferably, the recording time interval is 1000ms or 6000ms or 12000ms.
In S9, taking the initial picture information of the high-temperature-resistant graphic mark as a reference picture, and carrying out strain change analysis on the high-temperature-resistant graphic mark pictures one by one to obtain a strain/displacement-time, strain/displacement-temperature curve of the sample 305 and an instantaneous strain distribution cloud picture of the sample 305 in an external magnetic field environment; in S10, stopping recording the picture information of the high-temperature-resistant graphic marks by the industrial camera 501, stopping heating, opening the vacuum valve 403 and closing the water pump 221 when the furnace chamber module 110 is cooled to below 200 ℃;
in S10, the industrial camera 501 stops recording the picture information of the high-temperature-resistant graphic mark, heating is stopped, the vacuum pump 401 is closed after the furnace chamber module 110 is cooled to be below 200 ℃, the vacuum valve 403 is opened, and the water pump 221 is closed.
It should be noted that the above detailed description is exemplary and is intended to provide further explanation of the disclosure. Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs.
It is noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of exemplary embodiments according to the present application. As used herein, the singular is intended to include the plural unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. Furthermore, it will be further understood that the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising," when used in this specification, specify the presence of stated features, steps, operations, devices, components, and/or combinations thereof.
It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," and the like in the description and claims of this application and in the accompanying drawings are used for distinguishing between similar elements and not necessarily for describing a particular sequential or chronological order. It is to be understood that the terms so used are interchangeable under appropriate circumstances such that the embodiments of the application described herein are capable of operation in other sequences than described of illustrated herein.
Furthermore, the terms "include" and "have," as well as any variations thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion. For example, a process, method, system, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of steps or elements is not necessarily limited to those steps or elements explicitly listed, but may include other steps or elements not explicitly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.
For ease of description, spatially relative terms such as "over 8230," "upper surface," "above," and the like may be used herein to describe the spatial positional relationship of one device or feature to other devices or features as illustrated in the figures. It will be understood that the spatially relative terms are intended to encompass different orientations of the device in use or operation in addition to the orientation depicted in the figures. For example, if a device in the figures is turned over, devices described as "above" or "on" other devices or configurations would then be oriented "below" or "under" the other devices or configurations. Thus, the exemplary terms "at 8230; \8230; 'above" may include both orientations "at 8230; \8230;' above 8230; 'at 8230;' below 8230;" above ". The device may also be oriented in other different ways, such as by rotating it 90 degrees or at other orientations, and the spatially relative descriptors used herein interpreted accordingly.
In the above detailed description, reference is made to the accompanying drawings, which form a part hereof. In the drawings, like numerals typically identify like components, unless context dictates otherwise. The illustrated embodiments described in the detailed description, drawings, and claims are not meant to be limiting. Other embodiments may be utilized, and other changes may be made, without departing from the spirit or scope of the subject matter presented here.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. A visual detection method for high-temperature performance of a material with an external magnetic field is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, preparing a high-temperature speckle mixed solution; the solute of the high-temperature speckle mixed solution is alumina micro powder or silica micro powder or silicon carbide micro powder or hercynite micro powder or cobaltous oxide micro powder, the solvent is acetone or absolute ethyl alcohol or water, and the mass ratio of the solute to the solvent is (3-10): 1;
s2, drawing a high-temperature-resistant graphic mark; spraying the high-temperature speckle mixed solution on the surface to be detected of a sample (305), carrying out heat treatment on the sample (305) at 110-200 ℃ for 1-3 h, and firing at 1600 ℃ for 1-2 h to obtain a high-temperature-resistant graphic mark;
s3, placing the detected material; placing a sample (305) of the detected material into a hearth module (110) of a furnace body unit (100) and placing the sample on a sample table (304); the furnace body unit (100) is provided with a visible window module (130), and the visible window module (130) is used for providing a window for the optical detection unit (500) to detect the sample (305);
s4, starting cooling water; the furnace body unit (100) is cooled through a heating and cooling unit (200), the heating and cooling unit (200) comprises a heating temperature measurement module (210) and a cooling module (220), the cooling module (220) is arranged on the outer side of the furnace body unit (100), and cooling water flows on the outer side of the furnace body unit (100) through the cooling module (220); the cooling module (220) comprises a water pump (221) and a cooling water pipeline (222) which is connected with the water pump (221) and is spirally installed on the periphery of the furnace shell (111), a cooling water inlet (223) of the cooling water pipeline (222) is positioned below the cooling water pipeline (222), and a cooling water outlet (224) is positioned above the cooling water pipeline (222); the heating temperature measuring module (210) comprises a heating element (211) arranged in the hearth module (110), a thermocouple (212) which is arranged in the hearth module (110) and is externally sleeved with a corundum protective sleeve, and a heating controller (213) which is connected with the heating element (211) and the thermocouple (212), wherein the heating element (211) penetrates through holes in the upper surfaces of the furnace shell (111) and the hearth bricks (112) and extends into the hearth module (110); in S4, a water pump (221) is connected with a cooling water outlet (224), a cooling water inlet (223) is connected with a cooling water source, the water pump (221) is turned on, and cooling water flows around the outer surface of the furnace shell (111) from bottom to top through a cooling water pipeline (222);
s5, vacuumizing; the inner space of the hearth module (110) is vacuumized into a vacuum environment through a vacuum unit (400); the vacuum unit (400) comprises a vacuum pump (401), an exhaust pipe (402) connected with the vacuum pump (401) and the hearth module (110), a vacuum valve (403) arranged on the exhaust pipe (402) and a pressure gauge (404), wherein the exhaust pipe (402) is communicated with the inner space of the hearth module (110); s5, opening a vacuum pump (401) and a vacuum valve (403), observing the pressure inside the hearth module (110) through a pressure gauge (404), and pumping the pressure inside the hearth module (110) to 6 multiplied by 10 -3 Pa-100 Pa closing the vacuum valve (403) and vacuum pump (401)
S6, starting an active light source; the active light source (502) is arranged in the optical detection unit (500), and the optical detection unit (500) is arranged at the outer side of the furnace body unit (100) and matched with the visible window module (130) in height; the optical detection unit (500) further comprises a fixing support (505) and two industrial cameras (501) arranged on the fixing support (505), the active light source (502) is arranged on the fixing support (505) and located between the two industrial cameras (501), a band-pass filter lens (503) and a neutral gray scale mirror (504) are sequentially mounted on a lens of each industrial camera (501), and the two industrial cameras (501) are perpendicular to each other; starting the active light source (502), recording initial picture information of the high-temperature-resistant graphic mark by using the industrial camera (501), keeping the active light source (502) started, and suspending the industrial camera (501) from recording the picture information of the high-temperature-resistant graphic mark
S7, supplying magnetism; providing a magnetic field environment for the sample (305) by the magnetic supply unit (300);
s8, starting a test;
s9, data acquisition;
and S10, finishing the test.
2. A method of testing as claimed in claim 1, wherein: in S3, the hearth module (110) comprises a furnace shell (111) and hearth bricks (112) which are attached to the inner wall of the furnace shell (111) and are hollow inside; holes matched with the heating and cooling unit (200) are formed in the positions corresponding to the upper surfaces of the furnace shell (111) and the hearth brick (112), and holes matched with the vacuum unit (400) are formed in the positions corresponding to the side surfaces of the furnace shell (111) and the hearth brick (112); the furnace door module (120) is arranged on the furnace shell (111), the furnace door module (120) comprises a furnace door (121) hinged with the furnace shell (111) and a furnace door heat-resistant rubber ring (122) arranged on the inner surface of the furnace door (121), a furnace door buckle (124) is arranged at the non-hinged end of the furnace door (121), and the furnace door buckle (124) is matched with a door bolt screw rod (125) and a door bolt nut (126) to tightly press the furnace door (121) on the furnace shell (111); the oven door (121) is provided with a visible window module (130), the visible window module (130) comprises a visible window (131) arranged on the oven door (121), quartz glass (132) located on the outer side of the oven door (121) and covering the visible window (131), and a heat-resistant rubber ring (133) arranged between the oven door (121) and the quartz glass (132), and the quartz glass (132) and the heat-resistant rubber ring (133) are fixedly arranged on the outer side surface of the oven door (121) through flanges (134).
3. A method of testing as claimed in claim 2, wherein: s7, the magnetism supply unit (300) comprises a power supply (303) positioned outside the furnace body unit (100), a coil (301) connected with the power supply (303), and a sample table (304) positioned in the hearth module (110); a magnetic coil empty slot (113) is formed in the hearth brick (112), the coil (301) is placed in the magnetic coil empty slot (113), through-hole holes (302) are formed in the side surfaces of the hearth brick (112) and the furnace shell (111), and two ends of the coil (301) penetrate through the through-hole holes (302) to be connected with the power supply (303); and S7, turning on the power supply (303), adjusting a current input mode of the coil (301), controlling the magnetic field intensity inside the hearth module (110) through the current of the power supply (303), and adjusting the magnetic field intensity to 0.05-50 mT, wherein the current input mode of the coil (301) is direct current or alternating current so that the magnetic field inside the hearth module (110) is a static magnetic field or an alternating magnetic field.
4. A method of testing as claimed in claim 1, wherein: and S8, starting the heating temperature measuring module (210), heating the sample (305) of the detected material to the experimental temperature, starting the industrial camera (501), and recording the picture information of the high-temperature-resistant graphic marks, wherein the recording time interval is 0-12000 ms.
5. A detection method according to claim 4, characterized in that: and S9, taking the initial picture information of the high-temperature-resistant graphic marks as a reference picture, and carrying out strain change analysis on the high-temperature-resistant graphic marks one by one to obtain a strain/displacement-time, strain/displacement-temperature curve of the sample (305) and an instantaneous strain distribution cloud picture of the sample (305) in an external magnetic field environment.
6. A method of testing as claimed in claim 1, wherein: and S10, stopping recording the picture information of the high-temperature-resistant graphic marks by the industrial camera (501), stopping heating, opening the vacuum valve (403) after the furnace cavity module (110) is cooled to be below 200 ℃, and closing the water pump (221).
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| CN202110240793.4A CN113029805B (en) | 2021-03-04 | 2021-03-04 | Visual detection method for high-temperature performance of material with external magnetic field |
| PCT/CN2021/082434 WO2022183544A1 (en) | 2021-03-04 | 2021-03-23 | Visualization detection device and detection method for high-temperature performance of material in external magnetic field |
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| CN202110240793.4A CN113029805B (en) | 2021-03-04 | 2021-03-04 | Visual detection method for high-temperature performance of material with external magnetic field |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN2879162Y (en) * | 2006-01-24 | 2007-03-14 | 东北大学 | High temperature processing device under strong magnetic field |
| CN100426001C (en) * | 2006-10-20 | 2008-10-15 | 北京赛迪机电新技术开发公司 | Multi-field coupling measuring system |
| EP2023131B1 (en) * | 2007-08-08 | 2011-10-19 | Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. | Method and device for interference-free testing of an object containing material fractions which are magnetic and conductive |
| CN105758683B (en) * | 2016-03-09 | 2018-10-16 | 清华大学 | A kind of high temperature resistant speckle and preparation method thereof that adhesiveness is strong |
| CN105973690B (en) * | 2016-04-28 | 2018-07-17 | 西安交通大学 | A kind of multi- scenarios method environmental simulation and on-line monitoring/observation system |
| CN207006878U (en) * | 2017-05-17 | 2018-02-13 | 江西森阳科技股份有限公司 | A kind of magnetic material vacuum sintering furnace cooling system |
| CN107255454B (en) * | 2017-07-12 | 2019-03-19 | 北京航空航天大学 | A kind of multiple dimensioned multi-functional strain measurement system of superhigh temperature based on ultraviolet imagery DIC and measurement method |
| CN108226168A (en) * | 2018-01-14 | 2018-06-29 | 湘潭大学 | The multi-functional main passive vision sensing device of monocular and its method for sensing |
| CN109142406B (en) * | 2018-09-07 | 2020-10-16 | 上海大学 | Metal phase transition research device |
| CN211626081U (en) * | 2019-11-22 | 2020-10-02 | 浙江晨华科技有限公司 | High-precision double-pressure-range vacuum hot-pressing furnace |
| CN111595176A (en) * | 2020-04-08 | 2020-08-28 | 潍坊中创新材料科技有限公司 | Cooling water tower and basalt fiber industrial production line cooling system |
| CN111721225B (en) * | 2020-06-23 | 2021-04-16 | 清华大学 | Dynamic measurement method and device for temperature deformation in high-temperature environment |
| CN111879628A (en) * | 2020-07-01 | 2020-11-03 | 中国科学院金属研究所 | System and method for detecting PLC effect of alloy |
| CN112285147A (en) * | 2020-10-10 | 2021-01-29 | 中国科学技术大学 | Method for measuring full-field strain of ultrahigh-temperature object based on digital image correlation method |
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