CN113029367A - Single photon coincidence logarithm measurement method and device - Google Patents
Single photon coincidence logarithm measurement method and device Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The embodiment of the application provides a single photon coincidence logarithm measurement method and a single photon coincidence logarithm measurement device, and the method comprises the steps of obtaining the number of single photons through a plurality of counting channels in a first measurement period; the first measurement period is any one of the preset measurement periods; performing time correlation analysis on the number of single photons corresponding to different counting channels to obtain a corresponding relation between a coincidence logarithm and delay time, wherein the delay time is the time difference of the single photons reaching different counting channels under the same sequence, and the coincidence logarithm is the single photon logarithm in the same sequence under the same delay time; and accumulating the coincidence logarithm and the zeroth accumulated coincidence logarithm under any delay time to obtain the accumulated coincidence logarithm corresponding to any delay time. The method provided by the application can accurately obtain the single photon related data, so that the accuracy of the coincidence logarithm measurement result is improved.
Description
The present application claims priority of the chinese patent application entitled "a single photon coincidence logarithm measurement method and apparatus" filed by the chinese patent office at 19/3/2021 under the application number 202110297349.6, the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference.
Technical Field
The present application relates to the field of communications technologies, and in particular, to a single photon coincidence logarithm measurement method and apparatus.
Background
In a quantum communication experiment, if whether single photons belong to the same light source or not is required to be analyzed, a single photon counter is often used, and an experimenter sends a measurement instruction to a single photon technologist. The measurement instructions are for instructing the single photon counter to begin measuring the coincident logarithm of the single photon. Specifically, after receiving a measurement instruction, the single photon counter acquires the number of single photons reaching different counting channels of the single photon counter at a specific moment, and determines the coincidence logarithm of the different counting channels through time correlation calculation. The coincidence logarithm is the number of single photon pairs reaching different counting channels in the same sequence. And further analyzing whether the single photons in different counting channels belong to the same light source or not according to the coincidence logarithm.
However, the foregoing method requires an experimenter to manually send a measurement instruction to the single photon counter, and the single photon counter can only determine the number of single photons acquired by different counting channels within a specific time period after receiving the measurement instruction. In general, a single photon counter measures 1 second as one measurement time. While a single photon may take several minutes or even hours to reach the predetermined counting channel. Probably, after the single photon counter receives the measurement instruction and completes the whole logarithmic measurement after sending the measurement instruction, most single photons do not reach the counting channel. If the number of single photons acquired by the counting channel is not accurate, the accuracy of the coincidence logarithm is influenced. This leads to a problem how to determine the optimal moment for sending the measurement instruction.
In order to solve the above problems, at present, an experimenter usually adopts a method of measuring for multiple times, and expects a time corresponding to a certain measurement to be an optimal time. On the premise of multiple measurements, an experimenter often analyzes the measurement result of each time independently. According to the scheme, measurement instructions need to be sent at intervals manually for multiple times, the processing method has measurement break moments, in any measurement moment, single photons can have the conditions of number data jitter and the like, and the special conditions can not be recorded in time, so that the analysis of the logarithmic measurement results is influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
The application provides a single photon coincidence logarithm measurement method and a single photon coincidence logarithm measurement device, which can be used for solving the technical problem that the accuracy is low due to the result corresponding to the single photon coincidence measurement method in the prior art.
In a first aspect, the present application provides a single photon coincidence logarithm measurement method, including:
acquiring the number of single photons through a plurality of counting channels in a first measuring period; the frequencies corresponding to the single photons acquired by different counting channels are different; the first measurement period is any one of measurement periods of preset times;
performing time correlation analysis on the number of single photons corresponding to different counting channels to obtain a corresponding relation between a coincidence logarithm and delay time, wherein the delay time is a time difference that the single photons reach different counting channels in the same sequence, and the coincidence logarithm is a single photon logarithm in the same sequence in the same delay time;
and accumulating the coincidence logarithm and the zeroth accumulated coincidence logarithm at any delay time to obtain the accumulated coincidence logarithm corresponding to any delay time, wherein the zeroth accumulated coincidence logarithm is the accumulated result of the coincidence logarithms corresponding to all the measurement periods in the same delay time before the first measurement period.
With reference to the first aspect, in an implementation manner of the first aspect, performing time correlation analysis on the numbers of single photons corresponding to different counting channels to obtain a corresponding relationship between a coincidence logarithm and a delay time includes:
acquiring the time delay time corresponding to all the single photons in the first counting channel and the second counting channel according to the arrival sequence corresponding to the arrival time of the single photons; the first counting channel is any one of all counting channels, and the second counting channel is any one of all counting channels used for comparing with the first counting channel;
and counting the single photon logarithm under the same delay time to obtain the corresponding relation between the logarithm and the delay time.
With reference to the first aspect, in an implementation manner of the first aspect, any one of the delay times is determined by using the following method:
acquiring first arrival time corresponding to single photons reaching the first counting channel in a first sequence and second arrival time corresponding to single photons reaching the second counting channel in the first sequence; the first order is any one of the arrival orders;
the first arrival time and the second arrival time are differed to obtain first delay time; the first delay time is a delay time corresponding to the first order in the time delay.
With reference to the first aspect, in an implementation manner of the first aspect, obtaining a cumulative coincidence logarithm corresponding to any delay time, and then further includes:
and after the preset times of measurement cycles, analyzing the measured single photons according to the accumulated coincidence logarithm and the delay time.
With reference to the first aspect, in an implementation manner of the first aspect, after the preset number of measurement cycles, analyzing the measured single photons according to the accumulated coincidence logarithm and the delay time includes:
and if the ratio of the accumulated coincidence logarithm corresponding to any delay time in the total accumulated coincidence logarithm exceeds the expected ratio, the single photon is the single photon generated by the same light source.
With reference to the first aspect, in an implementation manner of the first aspect, during the first measurement period, the acquiring the number of single photons through a plurality of counting channels further includes:
and initializing the measurement parameters according to the firmware version number of the single photon counter for performing single photon coincidence measurement.
With reference to the first aspect, in an implementation manner of the first aspect, the method includes accumulating a coincidence logarithm and a first cumulative coincidence logarithm at any delay time to obtain a cumulative coincidence logarithm corresponding to the delay time, and then further includes:
and drawing and displaying a corresponding relation graph of the delay time and the accumulated coincidence logarithm according to all the delay time and the first accumulated coincidence logarithm corresponding to each delay time.
In a second aspect, the present application provides a single photon coincidence logarithm measurement apparatus, the apparatus comprising:
the acquisition module is used for acquiring the number of single photons through a plurality of counting channels in a first measurement period; the frequencies corresponding to the single photons acquired by different counting channels are different; the first measurement period is any one of measurement periods of preset times;
the analysis module is used for carrying out time correlation analysis on the number of the single photons corresponding to different counting channels to obtain a corresponding relation between a coincidence logarithm and delay time, wherein the delay time is the time difference of the single photons reaching different counting channels under the same sequence, and the coincidence logarithm is the single photon logarithm of the same sequence under the same delay time;
and the accumulation module is used for accumulating the coincidence logarithm and the zeroth accumulation coincidence logarithm at any delay time to obtain the accumulation coincidence logarithm corresponding to any delay time, wherein the zeroth accumulation coincidence logarithm is the accumulation result of the coincidence logarithms corresponding to all the measurement periods in the same delay time before the first measurement period.
With reference to the second aspect, in an implementation manner of the second aspect, the analysis module is specifically configured to:
acquiring the time delay time corresponding to all the single photons in the first counting channel and the second counting channel according to the arrival sequence corresponding to the arrival time of the single photons; the first counting channel is any one of all counting channels, and the second counting channel is any one of all counting channels used for comparing with the first counting channel;
and counting the single photon logarithm under the same delay time to obtain the corresponding relation between the logarithm and the delay time.
With reference to the second aspect, in an implementation manner of the second aspect, any one of the delay times is determined by:
acquiring first arrival time corresponding to single photons reaching the first counting channel in a first sequence and second arrival time corresponding to single photons reaching the second counting channel in the first sequence; the first order is any one of the arrival orders;
the first arrival time and the second arrival time are differed to obtain first delay time; the first delay time is a delay time corresponding to the first order in the time delay.
With reference to the second aspect, in an implementation manner of the second aspect, obtaining a cumulative coincidence logarithm corresponding to any delay time, and then further includes:
and after the preset times of measurement cycles, analyzing the measured single photons according to the accumulated coincidence logarithm and the delay time.
With reference to the second aspect, in an implementation manner of the second aspect, after the preset number of measurement cycles, analyzing the measured single photons according to the cumulative coincidence logarithm and the delay time includes:
and if the ratio of the accumulated coincidence logarithm corresponding to any delay time in the total accumulated coincidence logarithm exceeds the expected ratio, the single photon is the single photon generated by the same light source.
With reference to the second aspect, in an implementation manner of the second aspect, during the first measurement period, the acquiring the number of single photons through a plurality of counting channels further includes:
and initializing the measurement parameters according to the firmware version number of the single photon counter for performing single photon coincidence measurement.
With reference to the second aspect, in an implementation manner of the second aspect, the method includes accumulating the coincidence logarithm and the first cumulative coincidence logarithm at any delay time to obtain a cumulative coincidence logarithm corresponding to the delay time, and then further includes:
and drawing and displaying a corresponding relation graph of the delay time and the accumulated coincidence logarithm according to all the delay time and the first accumulated coincidence logarithm corresponding to each delay time.
The method provided by the application can set a plurality of measuring periods, so that the single photon counter is in a continuous measuring state for a long time, the single photon is obtained for a long time, the condition that the single photon related data fluctuates in the interval of multiple intermittent measurements is avoided, and the accuracy of analyzing the result conforming to the logarithm measurement is improved. The method provided by the application can automatically adjust the measurement parameters for multiple times as required, thereby meeting various measurement environments. The method provided by the application also provides a schematic diagram of the corresponding relation between the delay time and the accumulated coincidence logarithm, and the schematic diagram is displayed after the measurement parameters and each measurement period are finished, so that the change of the single photon data in the measurement process is visually displayed, and the parameter adjustment of a measurer is facilitated. According to the method, the coincidence logarithm which is obtained in each measuring period and corresponds to the same delay time is accumulated, so that the data characteristics corresponding to the single photon are more obvious, and convenience is brought to data analysis.
Drawings
In order to more clearly explain the technical solution of the present application, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious to those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic flowchart of a single photon coincidence logarithm measurement method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a propagation path provided by an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 3 is a schematic diagram illustrating a corresponding relationship between delay time and cumulative coincidence logarithm according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 4 is a second schematic diagram illustrating a corresponding relationship between delay time and cumulative coincidence logarithm according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a single photon logarithm measurement apparatus according to an embodiment of the present application.
Detailed Description
To make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present application more clear, embodiments of the present application will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Before explaining the method provided by the present application, the working principle of the single photon counter is explained first. A single photon counter comprises a plurality of working channels, wherein each working channel can only acquire single photons of the same frequency. Therefore, the frequencies corresponding to the single photons acquired by different working channels are different. Specifically, for a single photon emitted by the same light source, the single photon in the direction C propagates substantially along the path a and arrives in a working channel of the single photon counter. And the single photon in the direction D basically propagates along the path B and reaches the other working channel in the single photon counter, so that the corresponding delay time of different counting channels is basically the same. If the single photons are not propagated by the same light source, the propagation paths are not the same, and only the single photons propagated by the same light source can propagate along a specific path. Therefore, when delay time with obvious peak values appears in different working channels of the single photon counter, the single photons acquired by the two working channels are considered to belong to the same light source.
In the prior art, the used single photon counter can only carry out single measurement after a measurement instruction and cannot carry out continuous measurement within a period of time. The propagation path of the single photon is uncertain, so that when the single photon can reach the working channel is uncertain, and therefore, how to send a measurement instruction in a proper time to instruct the single photon counter to measure the single photon becomes a problem. The method provided by the application effectively solves the problems.
Before the specific method provided by the application is executed, the application also initializes the single photon counter.
Specifically, the measurement parameters are initialized according to the firmware version number of the single photon counter for performing single photon coincidence measurement.
According to the method, the related parameters of the single photon counter, such as the firmware version number, the time resolution and the like of the single photon counter, are set and obtained by calling the method in the link library provided by the single photon counter. Setting parameters of the single photon counter on a software operation interface of the single photon technology device according to related parameters of the single photon counter, wherein the parameters specifically comprise the resolution of the initialized single photon counter, the threshold of each working channel, the time delay of each working channel, the exposure time, the measurement period and the measurement interval time.
The parameters are adjusted according to actual measurement requirements, so that the optimal measurement effect is obtained.
Fig. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a single photon coincidence logarithm measurement method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. The method provided by the embodiment of the application comprises the following steps:
step S101, acquiring the number of single photons through a plurality of counting channels in a first measuring period.
And the frequencies corresponding to the single photons acquired by different counting channels are different.
The first measurement period is any one of the preset number of measurement periods.
The measurement periods provided by the embodiment of the application are set as required, and one measurement interval time is arranged between any two adjacent measurement periods; the measurement interval time is less than or equal to 10 ms. Typically, the measurement interval time is negligible compared to the measurement period. Therefore, after setting a plurality of measurement periods as required, the embodiment of the present application is equivalent to providing a continuous long-term measurement time.
In the prior art, the single photon counter is designed based on Labview. The single photon counter in the initial state cannot be set to perform a plurality of consecutive measurement cycles. The method provided by the application can be based on a plurality of programming languages, such as C, JAVA and other programming languages, and a loop language is added outside the original program instruction of the single photon technology device, so that the design of a plurality of measurement periods is realized.
And S102, performing time correlation analysis on the number of the single photons corresponding to different counting channels to obtain a corresponding relation between a coincidence logarithm and delay time.
The time difference that the single photons reach different counting channels under the same sequence of delay time meets the condition that the logarithm is the logarithm of the single photons in the same sequence under the same delay time.
Specifically, the time delay times corresponding to all the single photons in the first counting channel and the second counting channel are obtained according to the arrival sequence corresponding to the arrival time of the single photons.
Any one of the delay times is determined by the following method, and a first arrival time corresponding to the single photons of which the first sequence reaches the first counting channel and a second arrival time corresponding to the single photons of which the first sequence reaches the second counting channel are obtained. The first order is any one of the arrival orders.
And the first arrival time is differed from the second arrival time to obtain first delay time.
Wherein the first delay time is a delay time corresponding to the first order in the time.
The first counting channel is any one of all counting channels, and the second counting channel is any one of all counting channels used for comparing with the first counting channel.
The first counting channel and the second counting channel in the embodiment of the present application are arbitrary counting channels for analysis, and the first counting channel and the second counting channel are only for convenience of description and are not specifically limited.
In the embodiment of the application, whether single photons acquired in the adopted counting channel belong to the same light source or not is not clear to experimenters before experiments. If the single photons in different counting channels belong to the same light source, the time delay of the single photons reaching the single photon counter in the same propagation sequence should be approximately the same because the single photons propagate from different paths to the counting channels.
The following description will be given with reference to a specific example. For the same light source S, simultaneously emitting a single photon A1, a single photon A2 and a single photon A3 … … at a constant speed and simultaneously emitting a single photon B1, a single photon B2 and a single photon B3 … … at a constant speed to the other direction at the same time
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a propagation path provided in an embodiment of the present application. It is assumed that photons emitted from the same light source S propagate along the propagation paths a and B. The single-photon a1, the single-photon a2, and the single-photon A3 … … propagate along the propagation path a, and the single-photon B1, the single-photon B2, and the single-photon B3 … … propagate along the propagation path B. The first counting channel acquires single photon A1, single photon A2 and single photon A3, and the second counting channel acquires single photon B1, single photon B2 and single photon B3 … …. Since the propagation speeds of photons emitted from the same light source are the same, single photon a 3583 and single photon B1 emitted at the same time propagate along a fixed propagation path a, and single photon B1 propagates along a fixed propagation path B. Therefore, the time delay from single photon A1 to the first counting channel and from single photon B1 to the second counting channel is a fixed value.
Similarly, the single-photon a2 and the single-photon B2 have the same departure time for the single-photon a2 and the single-photon B2. The propagation path of the single photon a2 is the same as that of the single photon a1, and the propagation path of the single photon B2 is the same as that of the single photon B1, so the delay time from the single photon a2 to the first counting channel and from the single photon B2 to the second counting channel are still the same as the fixed values described above.
It should be noted that the single photons a1 and B1, the single photons a2 and B2 are two pairs of single photons that arrive at different counting channels in the same sequence, that is, coincidence logarithm in the embodiment of the present application.
According to the embodiment of the application, the coincidence logarithm under the same delay time is accumulated to obtain the corresponding relation between the coincidence logarithm and the delay time.
Step S103, accumulating the coincidence logarithm and the zeroth accumulated coincidence logarithm at any delay time to obtain an accumulated coincidence logarithm corresponding to any delay time.
The zero-th cumulative coincidence logarithm is the cumulative result of the coincidence logarithms corresponding to all the measurement periods before the first measurement period in the same delay time.
It should be noted that, in the prior art, only the corresponding relationship between the coincidence logarithm and the delay time in a specific measurement time period can be obtained. Even if the prior art adopts a multi-measurement method to obtain the corresponding relation between the coincidence logarithm and the delay time in a plurality of measurement time periods, the coincidence logarithms in the plurality of measurement time periods cannot be accumulated, and the corresponding relation between the coincidence logarithm and the delay time in different measurement time periods can be analyzed separately. The multiple measurement results are analyzed separately, so that the data characteristics of the single photons are dispersed in multiple measurement time periods, and the data characteristics of the single photons cannot be obviously acquired.
According to the embodiment of the application, the coincidence logarithm and the zero-th accumulated coincidence logarithm at any delay time are accumulated, so that the data characteristics of single photons in the whole measuring period are overlapped, and the data characteristics in the whole measuring period are highlighted.
It has been explained in the foregoing description that the first measurement period is any one of all measurement periods, not the first period in the method provided in the present application. In fact, the method for specifically executing step S103 in this embodiment of the present application is to add the logarithm of coincidence in the second measurement period to the logarithm of coincidence in the first measurement period in the same delay time from the second measurement period in the order of the measurement time. And by analogy, after each measurement period, the coincidence logarithm of the current measurement period is superposed with the accumulation result obtained before the current measurement period.
And step S104, analyzing the measured single photons according to the accumulated coincidence logarithm and the delay time after a preset number of measurement cycles.
Specifically, if the ratio of the cumulative coincidence logarithm corresponding to any delay time to the total cumulative coincidence logarithm exceeds an expected ratio, the single photons are single photons generated by the same light source.
It should be noted that the single photon technologist can already obtain the complete data characteristics of the single photon within the measurement periods of the preset times, that is, the time for the single photon to fully propagate.
After step S104 is executed, the method provided in the embodiment of the present application may further draw and display a corresponding relationship diagram between the delay time and the cumulative coincidence logarithm according to all the delay times and the first cumulative coincidence logarithm corresponding to each delay time. The corresponding relation graph of the delay time and the accumulated coincidence logarithm provided by the embodiment of the application takes the delay time as a horizontal axis and the accumulated coincidence logarithm as a vertical axis.
It should be noted that this step of drawing the relational graph may be performed multiple times in the method provided in the present application, for example, after step S103 is performed, this step of drawing the relational graph may also be performed, and this step of drawing the relational graph may also be performed during the process of initializing the single photon counter. There is a further difference between the methods provided in the present application and the prior art.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram illustrating a correspondence relationship between delay time and cumulative coincidence logarithm according to an embodiment of the present application. If the single photons acquired by different counting channels belong to the same light source, the delay time corresponding to the coincidence logarithm is basically the same according to the above description, and at this time, an obvious peak value can appear between the delay time and the accumulated coincidence logarithm. The single photons in the diagram of the correspondence between the delay time and the cumulative coincidence logarithm shown in fig. 3 belong to the same light source.
The relational graph provided by the embodiment of the application can visually see whether single photons acquired by different counting channels belong to the same light source. Therefore, in the process of initialization processing, whether the single photon counter is in the optimal measurement state or not can be observed by utilizing the relation graph, and parameter adjustment is carried out on the single photon counter.
After each measurement period is finished, the relational graph is continuously updated according to the latest data, so that the corresponding relation between the latest delay time and the accumulated logarithmic coincidence is embodied, an experimenter can see whether single photons obtained by different counting channels have the trend of belonging to the same light source in the experimental process, and equipment parameters are timely adjusted.
Fig. 4 is a second schematic diagram illustrating a corresponding relationship between the delay time and the cumulative coincidence logarithm according to the embodiment of the present application. As shown in fig. 4, the distribution of the cumulative coincidence logarithm under different delay times is relatively uniform, and the delay times of the single photons obtained by different counting channels do not have obvious difference, so that it can be determined that the single photons corresponding to different counting channels do not belong to the same light source.
The method provided by the application can set a plurality of measuring periods, so that the single photon counter is in a continuous measuring state for a long time, the single photon is obtained for a long time, the condition that the single photon related data fluctuates in the interval of multiple intermittent measurements is avoided, and the accuracy of analyzing the result conforming to the logarithm measurement is improved. The method provided by the application can automatically adjust the measurement parameters for multiple times as required, thereby meeting various measurement environments. The method provided by the application also provides a schematic diagram of the corresponding relation between the delay time and the accumulated coincidence logarithm, and the schematic diagram is displayed after the measurement parameters and each measurement period are finished, so that the change of the single photon data in the measurement process is visually displayed, and the parameter adjustment of a measurer is facilitated. According to the method, the coincidence logarithm which is obtained in each measuring period and corresponds to the same delay time is accumulated, so that the data characteristics corresponding to the single photon are more obvious, and convenience is brought to data analysis.
The following are embodiments of the apparatus of the present application that may be used to perform embodiments of the method of the present application. For details which are not disclosed in the embodiments of the apparatus of the present application, reference is made to the embodiments of the method of the present application.
Fig. 5 schematically shows a structural diagram of a single photon coincidence logarithm measurement device provided in an embodiment of the present application. As shown in fig. 5, the apparatus has a function of implementing the single photon coincidence logarithm measurement method, and the function may be implemented by hardware or by hardware executing corresponding software. The apparatus may include: an acquisition module 501, an analysis module 502, an accumulation module 503, an initialization module 504, and a rendering module 505.
An obtaining module 501, configured to obtain the number of single photons through multiple counting channels in a first measurement period. And the frequencies corresponding to the single photons acquired by different counting channels are different. The first measurement period is any one of the preset number of measurement periods.
The analyzing module 502 is configured to perform time correlation analysis on the number of single photons corresponding to different counting channels to obtain a corresponding relationship between a coincidence logarithm and a delay time, where the delay time is a time difference when the single photons reach different counting channels in the same sequence, and the coincidence logarithm is a single photon logarithm in the same sequence in the same delay time.
The accumulation module 503 is configured to accumulate the coincidence logarithm and the zeroth accumulated coincidence logarithm at any delay time to obtain an accumulated coincidence logarithm corresponding to any delay time, where the zeroth accumulated coincidence logarithm is an accumulation result of the coincidence logarithms corresponding to all measurement periods before the first measurement period in the same delay time.
Optionally, the analysis module 502 is specifically configured to:
and acquiring the time delay time corresponding to all the single photons in the first counting channel and the second counting channel according to the arrival sequence corresponding to the arrival time of the single photons. The first counting channel is any one of all counting channels, and the second counting channel is any one of all counting channels used for comparing with the first counting channel.
And counting the single photon logarithm under the same delay time to obtain the corresponding relation between the logarithm and the delay time.
Optionally, any one of the delay times is determined by the following method:
and acquiring first arrival time corresponding to the single photons reaching the first counting channel in the first sequence and second arrival time corresponding to the single photons reaching the second counting channel in the first sequence. The first order is any one of the arrival orders.
And the first arrival time is differed from the second arrival time to obtain first delay time. The first delay time is a delay time corresponding to the first order among the delays.
Optionally, the analysis module 502 is further configured to:
and after the preset times of measurement cycles, analyzing the measured single photons according to the accumulated coincidence logarithm and the delay time.
Optionally, after a preset number of measurement cycles, analyzing the measured single photons according to the cumulative coincidence logarithm and the delay time, including:
and if the ratio of the accumulated coincidence logarithm corresponding to any delay time in the total accumulated coincidence logarithm exceeds the expected ratio, the single photons are the single photons generated by the same light source.
Optionally, the initialization module 504 is configured to:
and initializing the measurement parameters according to the firmware version number of the single photon counter for performing single photon coincidence measurement.
Optionally, the drawing module 505 is configured to:
and drawing and displaying a corresponding relation graph of the delay time and the accumulated coincidence logarithm according to all the delay time and the first accumulated coincidence logarithm corresponding to each delay time.
The method provided by the application can set a plurality of measuring periods, so that the single photon counter is in a continuous measuring state for a long time, the single photon is obtained for a long time, the condition that the single photon related data fluctuates in the interval of multiple intermittent measurements is avoided, and the accuracy of analyzing the result conforming to the logarithm measurement is improved. The method provided by the application can automatically adjust the measurement parameters for multiple times as required, thereby meeting various measurement environments. The method provided by the application also provides a schematic diagram of the corresponding relation between the delay time and the accumulated coincidence logarithm, and the schematic diagram is displayed after the measurement parameters and each measurement period are finished, so that the change of the single photon data in the measurement process is visually displayed, and the parameter adjustment of a measurer is facilitated. According to the method, the coincidence logarithm which is obtained in each measuring period and corresponds to the same delay time is accumulated, so that the data characteristics corresponding to the single photon are more obvious, and convenience is brought to data analysis.
The invention is operational with numerous general purpose or special purpose computing system environments or configurations. For example: personal computers, server computers, hand-held or portable devices, tablet-type devices, multiprocessor systems, microprocessor-based systems, set top boxes, programmable consumer electronics, network PCs, minicomputers, mainframe computers, distributed computing environments that include any of the above systems or devices, and the like.
The invention may be described in the general context of computer-executable instructions, such as program modules, being executed by a computer. Generally, program modules include routines, programs, objects, components, data structures, etc. that perform particular tasks or implement particular abstract data types. The invention may also be practiced in distributed computing environments where tasks are performed by remote processing devices that are linked through a communications network. In a distributed computing environment, program modules may be located in both local and remote computer storage media including memory storage devices.
The present application has been described in detail with reference to specific embodiments and illustrative examples, but the description is not intended to limit the application. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that various equivalent substitutions, modifications or improvements may be made to the presently disclosed embodiments and implementations thereof without departing from the spirit and scope of the present disclosure, and these fall within the scope of the present disclosure. The protection scope of this application is subject to the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. A single photon coincidence logarithm measurement method, comprising:
acquiring the number of single photons through a plurality of counting channels in a first measuring period; the frequencies corresponding to the single photons acquired by different counting channels are different; the first measurement period is any one of measurement periods of preset times;
performing time correlation analysis on the number of single photons corresponding to different counting channels to obtain a corresponding relation between a coincidence logarithm and delay time, wherein the delay time is a time difference that the single photons reach different counting channels in the same sequence, and the coincidence logarithm is a single photon logarithm in the same sequence in the same delay time;
and accumulating the coincidence logarithm and the zeroth accumulated coincidence logarithm at any delay time to obtain the accumulated coincidence logarithm corresponding to any delay time, wherein the zeroth accumulated coincidence logarithm is the accumulated result of the coincidence logarithms corresponding to all the measurement periods in the same delay time before the first measurement period.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the time correlation analysis of the number of single photons corresponding to different counting channels to obtain the corresponding relationship between the coincidence logarithm and the delay time comprises:
acquiring the time delay time corresponding to all the single photons in the first counting channel and the second counting channel according to the arrival sequence corresponding to the arrival time of the single photons; the first counting channel is any one of all counting channels, and the second counting channel is any one of all counting channels used for comparing with the first counting channel;
and counting the single photon logarithm under the same delay time to obtain the corresponding relation between the logarithm and the delay time.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein any of the delay times is determined by:
acquiring first arrival time corresponding to single photons reaching the first counting channel in a first sequence and second arrival time corresponding to single photons reaching the second counting channel in the first sequence; the first order is any one of the arrival orders;
the first arrival time and the second arrival time are differed to obtain first delay time; the first delay time is a delay time corresponding to the first order in the time delay.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein a cumulative coincidence logarithm corresponding to any delay time is obtained, and then, the method further comprises:
and after the preset times of measurement cycles, analyzing the measured single photons according to the accumulated coincidence logarithm and the delay time.
5. The method of claim 4 wherein analyzing the measured single photons after the predetermined number of measurement cycles based on the cumulative logarithm-fits-to-log and delay time comprises:
and if the ratio of the accumulated coincidence logarithm corresponding to any delay time in the total accumulated coincidence logarithm exceeds the expected ratio, the single photon is the single photon generated by the same light source.
6. The method of claim 1 wherein the number of single photons is acquired during a first measurement cycle via a plurality of counting channels, and further comprising:
and initializing the measurement parameters according to the firmware version number of the single photon counter for performing single photon coincidence measurement.
7. The method of claim 1, wherein the coincidence logarithm and the first cumulative coincidence logarithm at any delay time are accumulated to obtain a cumulative coincidence logarithm corresponding to the delay time, and then, the method further comprises:
and drawing and displaying a corresponding relation graph of the delay time and the accumulated coincidence logarithm according to all the delay time and the first accumulated coincidence logarithm corresponding to each delay time.
8. A single photon coincidence logarithm measurement apparatus, comprising:
the acquisition module is used for acquiring the number of single photons through a plurality of counting channels in a first measurement period; the frequencies corresponding to the single photons acquired by different counting channels are different; the first measurement period is any one of measurement periods of preset times;
the analysis module is used for carrying out time correlation analysis on the number of the single photons corresponding to different counting channels to obtain a corresponding relation between a coincidence logarithm and delay time, wherein the delay time is the time difference of the single photons reaching different counting channels under the same sequence, and the coincidence logarithm is the single photon logarithm of the same sequence under the same delay time;
and the accumulation module is used for accumulating the coincidence logarithm and the zeroth accumulation coincidence logarithm at any delay time to obtain the accumulation coincidence logarithm corresponding to any delay time, wherein the zeroth accumulation coincidence logarithm is the accumulation result of the coincidence logarithms corresponding to all the measurement periods in the same delay time before the first measurement period.
9. The apparatus of claim 8, wherein the analysis module is specifically configured to:
acquiring the time delay time corresponding to all the single photons in the first counting channel and the second counting channel according to the arrival sequence corresponding to the arrival time of the single photons; the first counting channel is any one of all counting channels, and the second counting channel is any one of all counting channels used for comparing with the first counting channel;
and counting the single photon logarithm under the same delay time to obtain the corresponding relation between the logarithm and the delay time.
10. The apparatus of claim 8, wherein any of the delay times is determined by:
acquiring first arrival time corresponding to single photons reaching the first counting channel in a first sequence and second arrival time corresponding to single photons reaching the second counting channel in the first sequence; the first order is any one of the arrival orders;
the first arrival time and the second arrival time are differed to obtain first delay time; the first delay time is a delay time corresponding to the first order in the time delay.
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