CN113028965A - Giant magnetoresistance detection device of magnetostrictive displacement sensor - Google Patents
Giant magnetoresistance detection device of magnetostrictive displacement sensor Download PDFInfo
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- CN113028965A CN113028965A CN202110259690.2A CN202110259690A CN113028965A CN 113028965 A CN113028965 A CN 113028965A CN 202110259690 A CN202110259690 A CN 202110259690A CN 113028965 A CN113028965 A CN 113028965A
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G01B7/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of electric or magnetic techniques
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Abstract
The invention discloses a giant magnetoresistance detection device of a magnetostrictive displacement sensor. One end of the magnetostrictive strip is fixedly contacted with the circumferential surface of the waveguide wire signal receiving end; the permanent magnet is horizontally arranged above the other end of the magnetostrictive strip material, and the magnetization direction of the permanent magnet is consistent with the length direction of the magnetostrictive strip material; the giant magnetoresistance sensor is horizontally arranged below the other end of the magnetostrictive strip material and keeps a tiny gap with the lower surface of the strip material; and the signal processing unit is electrically connected to the giant magneto-resistance sensor and is used for receiving the detection signal of the giant magneto-resistance sensor to perform analysis processing. The invention not only reduces the volume of the detection device, but also increases the detection sensitivity aiming at the weak magnetic field, more accurately measures the flight time of the guided wave and improves the displacement measurement precision of the magnetostrictive displacement sensor.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a piezomagnetic detection device, in particular to a giant magnetoresistance detection device of a magnetostrictive displacement sensor.
Background
In recent years, in order to meet increasingly complex engineering requirements, a plurality of high-precision sensors with different sensing quantities are introduced into a control system for detecting and feedback adjusting the state quantity of the whole system.
The magnetostrictive displacement sensor is used as a detection device for measuring the absolute displacement value of an object, and is widely applied to the fields of multi-industry engineering such as hydraulic cylinder piston position feedback, oil storage tank liquid level monitoring, precision machine tool motion control and the like due to the advantages of high precision, long service life, no need of periodic calibration and the like. The working principle is as follows: when displacement needs to be measured, excitation pulse current is introduced into the waveguide wire, so that an instantaneous circumferential magnetic field is formed nearby the waveguide wire. The magnetic field and the axial static magnetic field of the movable magnetic ring are superposed to form a wideman effect, i.e. torsional waves propagating to two ends are formed on the waveguide wire. After the torsional wave propagating to the signal receiving end reaches the detection device at a fixed speed, the output electric quantity of the detection device is changed by the electromagnetic coupling. And measuring the time difference delta t between the excitation of the pulse signal and the arrival of the torsional wave at the detection device, and calculating the absolute displacement value of the movable magnetic ring according to the x-v multiplied by delta t. Therefore, the quality of the magnetostrictive sensor detection device directly influences the precision of displacement measurement, and further influences the whole system depending on displacement regulation feedback. Therefore, the improvement of the performance of the detection device has great significance for the automation equipment and the control system adopting the magnetostrictive displacement sensor.
Currently, echo detection of a magnetostrictive displacement sensor is mainly based on a piezomagnetic effect, that is, a magnetic field change caused by a torsional wave near a detection device is detected and converted into an electric quantity to be output, and the detection device is usually a coil. The coil has simple structure and convenient arrangement, but has the problems of lower signal conversion efficiency and spatial resolution for the detection of weak magnetic fields. In order to improve the sensitivity of the coil to meet the detection requirement, the number of turns of the coil needs to be increased, and as a result, the dynamic response index of the output signal is reduced, thereby affecting the accuracy of determining the arrival time of the echo. In addition, the echo detection can also use piezoelectric ceramic plates based on the piezoelectric effect. The piezoelectric ceramic piece has high sensitivity, but has short service life due to the material characteristics, is not suitable for being used in an environment easy to vibrate, and reduces the signal-to-noise ratio due to the introduction of larger interference signals, thereby improving the difficulty of subsequent signal processing.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a giant magnetoresistance detection device of a magnetostrictive displacement sensor, aiming at solving the problem that the response characteristic of the detection device of the magnetostrictive displacement sensor to the change of a weak magnetic field is not high enough so as to reduce the displacement measurement precision.
In order to solve the problems, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
one end of the magnetostrictive strip is fixedly contacted with the circumferential surface of the waveguide wire signal receiving end;
the permanent magnet is horizontally arranged above the other end of the magnetostrictive strip material, and the magnetization direction of the permanent magnet is consistent with the length direction of the magnetostrictive strip material;
the giant magnetoresistance sensor is horizontally arranged below the other end of the magnetostrictive strip material and keeps a tiny gap with the lower surface of the magnetostrictive strip material;
and the signal processing unit is electrically connected to the giant magneto-resistance sensor and is used for receiving the detection signal of the giant magneto-resistance sensor to perform analysis processing.
The giant magnetoresistance sensor adopts a multilayer film type, and the arrangement enables the magnetic sensitivity direction of the giant magnetoresistance sensor to be consistent with the length direction of the magnetostrictive strip.
The signal processing unit comprises a preposed signal amplifying and conditioning circuit, a comparator and a TDC chip; the input end of the preposed signal amplifying and conditioning circuit is connected with the output end of the giant magneto-resistance sensor, the input end of the comparator is connected with the output end of the preposed signal amplifying and conditioning circuit, and the input end of the TDC chip is connected with the output end of the comparator.
The magnetostrictive strip material and the waveguide wire are made of the same ferromagnetic material, one end of the magnetostrictive strip material is fixed on the circumferential surface of the waveguide wire through a spot welding process, and the linear extending direction of the magnetostrictive strip material is along the tangential direction of the circumferential surface of the waveguide wire.
The invention adopts the giant magnetoresistance sensor to detect the magnetic field change when the magnetostrictive strip vibrates, thereby greatly improving the detection sensitivity aiming at the weak magnetic field change.
Compared with the coil type and piezoelectric ceramic chip type wave detection devices, the wave detection device applying the giant magnetoresistance sensor has the advantages that:
(1) the sensitivity and the response frequency are very high, and the weak change of the magnetic field intensity can be accurately reflected;
(2) the temperature drift is small due to the self structural characteristics;
(3) the inconsistency caused by manual factors such as processing, fixing and the like when the coil and the piezoelectric ceramic piece are adopted in the prior art is reduced.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of the structure of the detector device of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the spatial distribution of the detecting device and the receiving end of the waveguide fiber signal according to the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic block diagram of the detector device of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a block diagram of a magnetostrictive displacement sensor system according to the invention.
In the figure: 1-waveguide wire, 2-giant magnetoresistance sensor, 3-permanent magnet, 4-magnetostrictive strip and 5-movable magnetic ring.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and the detailed description.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the apparatus includes:
one end of the magnetostrictive strip 4 is fixedly contacted with the circumferential surface of the signal receiving end of the waveguide wire 1;
the permanent magnet 3 is horizontally arranged above the other end of the magnetostrictive strip 4, the permanent magnet 3 and the magnetostrictive strip 4 are spaced, and the magnetization direction of the permanent magnet 3 is consistent with the length direction of the magnetostrictive strip 4;
the giant magnetoresistance sensor 2 is horizontally arranged below the other end of the magnetostrictive strip 4, and a tiny gap is kept between the giant magnetoresistance sensor 2 and the lower surface of the magnetostrictive strip 4;
and the signal processing unit is electrically connected to the giant magneto-resistance sensor 2 and is used for receiving the detection signal of the giant magneto-resistance sensor 2 to perform analysis processing. The output end of the giant magneto-resistance sensor 2 is connected with a signal processing unit.
The giant magnetoresistance sensor 2 adopts a multilayer film type, and the arrangement enables the magnetic sensitivity direction of the giant magnetoresistance sensor 2 to be consistent with the length direction of the magnetostrictive strip 4.
The permanent magnet 3 is horizontally arranged above the tail end of the magnetostrictive strip 4, and the magnetization direction of the permanent magnet is consistent with the length direction of the magnetostrictive strip 4; the giant magnetoresistance sensor 2 is horizontally disposed below the end of the magnetostrictive strip 4, and its direction of magnetic sensitivity is also in agreement with the longitudinal direction of the magnetostrictive strip 4.
The signal processing unit comprises a preposed signal amplifying and conditioning circuit, a comparator and a TDC chip; the input end of the preposed signal amplifying and conditioning circuit is connected with the output end of the giant magneto-resistance sensor 2, the input end of the comparator is connected with the output end of the preposed signal amplifying and conditioning circuit, the input end of the TDC chip is connected with the output end of the comparator, and the TDC chip outputs a result.
The magnetostrictive strip material 4 and the waveguide wire 1 are made of the same ferromagnetic material, one end of the magnetostrictive strip material 4 is fixed on the circumferential surface of the waveguide wire 1 through a spot welding process, and the linear extending direction of the magnetostrictive strip material 4 is perpendicular to the axis of the waveguide wire 1 along the tangential direction of the circumferential surface of the waveguide wire 1.
The implementation working process of the invention is as follows:
as shown in fig. 3, the permanent magnet 3 provides a static bias magnetic field to the magnetostrictive strip 4, so that the material of the magnetostrictive strip 4 has a high electromechanical coupling coefficient at the magnetic field strength. Meanwhile, the field intensity direction of the bias magnetic field at the giant magnetoresistance sensor 2 is consistent with the magnetic sensitivity direction of the giant magnetoresistance sensor 2, so that the giant magnetoresistance sensor 2 is ensured to be in a linear working area.
As shown in fig. 3, the hardware components of the giant magnetoresistance detector device are not actually connected by the dashed arrows: the permanent magnet acts on the magnetostrictive strip and the giant magnetoresistive sensor at the same time, and the giant magnetoresistive sensor detects the weak magnetic field change when the magnetostrictive strip vibrates. This enables the giant magnetoresistive sensor to more accurately and finely detect the vibration of the magnetostrictive strip.
The specific implementation is also provided with an exciting device, the exciting device comprises an exciting signal generating module and a pulse power amplifier module, two ends of the waveguide wire 1 are respectively connected with the exciting signal generating module through the pulse power amplifier module, and the exciting signal generating module and the signal processing unit are both connected to the single chip microcomputer controller.
As shown in fig. 4, the single-chip microcomputer controller sends a start command to the excitation signal generation module, and simultaneously sends an initial signal to the TDC chip of the signal processing unit, the TDC chip receives the initial signal to start timing, the excitation signal generation module controls the pulse power amplification module, and applies a voltage with a specified waveform to both ends of the waveguide wire 1, thereby generating a pulse current. The pulse current forms an instantaneous circumferential magnetic field around the waveguide wire, and forms a torsional wave on the waveguide wire 1 and propagates to both ends after being mutually superposed with a static axial magnetic field formed by the movable magnetic ring 5 in the waveguide wire.
When the torsional wave propagating towards the signal receiving end reaches the welding position of the waveguide wire 1 and the magnetostrictive strip 4, the acoustic impedances of the two waves are close, and more torsional wave energy is transmitted to the magnetostrictive strip 4 through the welding position to cause the magnetostrictive strip 4 to vibrate.
At this time, a piezomagnetic effect is generated, and the magnetization state inside the magnetostrictive strip 4 is changed, so that the spatial magnetic field around the magnetostrictive strip 4 is weakly changed. According to the giant magnetoresistance effect, the output voltage signal of the giant magnetoresistance sensor 2 is mainly affected by the magnetic field variation in the direction of the magnetic sensitivity of the sensor, so that the magnetic field variation caused when the guided wave reaches the magnetostrictive strip 4 can be detected. The output voltage signal of the giant magnetoresistance sensor 2 is sent to a preposed signal amplifying circuit of a signal processing unit to amplify and filter the detection signal, and then sent to a comparator to shape the waveform of the detection signal by a preset threshold value and then sent to a TDC chip.
And the TDC chip judges the arrival time of the guided wave according to the waveform of the shaped detection signal and immediately stops timing, thereby obtaining the flight time delta t. And calculating the absolute displacement value x of the movable magnetic ring 5 according to the axial propagation speed of the torsional wave on the waveguide wire as x is v multiplied by delta t and v is the axial propagation speed of the torsional wave on the waveguide wire.
Therefore, the invention adopts the detection device based on the giant magnetoresistance sensor, not only reduces the volume of the detection device, but also increases the detection sensitivity aiming at the weak magnetic field, more accurately measures the flight time of the guided wave, and further improves the displacement measurement precision of the magnetostrictive displacement sensor.
Claims (4)
1. A giant magnetoresistance detector device for a magnetostrictive displacement sensor, comprising:
one end of the magnetostrictive strip (4) is fixedly contacted with the circumferential surface of the signal receiving end of the waveguide wire (1);
the permanent magnet (3), the permanent magnet (3) is horizontally placed above the other end of the magnetostrictive strip (4), and the magnetization direction of the permanent magnet (3) is consistent with the length direction of the magnetostrictive strip (4);
the giant magnetoresistance sensor (2), the giant magnetoresistance sensor (2) is horizontally arranged below the other end of the magnetostrictive strip (4) and keeps a gap with the lower surface of the magnetostrictive strip (4);
and the signal processing unit is electrically connected to the giant magneto-resistance sensor (2) and is used for receiving the detection signal of the giant magneto-resistance sensor (2) to carry out analysis processing.
2. The giant magnetoresistance detecting device of a magnetostrictive displacement sensor according to claim 1, characterized in that: the giant magnetoresistance sensor (2) is of a multilayer film type, and the arrangement enables the magnetic sensitivity direction of the giant magnetoresistance sensor (2) to be consistent with the length direction of the magnetostrictive strip (4).
3. The giant magnetoresistance detecting device of a magnetostrictive displacement sensor according to claim 1, characterized in that: the signal processing unit comprises a preposed signal amplifying and conditioning circuit, a comparator and a TDC chip; the input end of the preposed signal amplifying and conditioning circuit is connected with the output end of the giant magneto-resistance sensor (2), the input end of the comparator is connected with the output end of the preposed signal amplifying and conditioning circuit, and the input end of the TDC chip is connected with the output end of the comparator.
4. The giant magnetoresistance detecting device of a magnetostrictive displacement sensor according to claim 1, characterized in that: the magnetostrictive strip (4) and the waveguide wire (1) are made of the same ferromagnetic material, one end of the magnetostrictive strip (4) is fixed on the circumferential surface of the waveguide wire (1) through a spot welding process, and the linear extending direction of the magnetostrictive strip (4) is tangential to the circumferential surface of the waveguide wire (1).
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Cited By (3)
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| CN113917376A (en) * | 2021-10-09 | 2022-01-11 | 皖西学院 | Testing arrangement of iron-based metallic glass strip piezomagnetic effect |
| CN114264221A (en) * | 2021-12-24 | 2022-04-01 | 南昌工程学院 | Magnetostrictive displacement sensor for precise control |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN113884174A (en) * | 2021-09-09 | 2022-01-04 | 国家石油天然气管网集团有限公司华南分公司 | Piezoelectric vibration sensor of compression type sensitive element |
| CN113917376A (en) * | 2021-10-09 | 2022-01-11 | 皖西学院 | Testing arrangement of iron-based metallic glass strip piezomagnetic effect |
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