CN113028935A - Online detection compensation method for position degree of circumferential pin hole - Google Patents
Online detection compensation method for position degree of circumferential pin hole Download PDFInfo
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- CN113028935A CN113028935A CN202110234881.3A CN202110234881A CN113028935A CN 113028935 A CN113028935 A CN 113028935A CN 202110234881 A CN202110234881 A CN 202110234881A CN 113028935 A CN113028935 A CN 113028935A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B5/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of mechanical techniques
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B5/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of mechanical techniques
- G01B5/08—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of mechanical techniques for measuring diameters
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Abstract
The invention discloses an online detection compensation method for circumferential pin hole position degree, which comprises the following steps: obtaining a checking tool device, wherein the checking tool device is at least provided with two central through holes which are distributed corresponding to the distribution circle diameters of pin holes of the processed part; and driving the processing equipment to perform reaming processing on each central through hole according to the current processing data processing parameters so as to obtain a processing measuring hole, judging whether the current processing measuring hole deviation is within a set range, if not, correspondingly correcting the processing data processing parameters, and returning to execute the step again until the processing measuring hole deviation range meets the requirements. And (3) adopting a special checking fixture device to perform online detection calculation, acquiring the machining deviation degree, then performing correction and adjustment, and then re-machining and measuring until the requirements are met. The method is used for machining the pin holes with high position precision distributed on the circumference of the large part, and can effectively ensure the product precision especially when the precision of the pin holes is close to or exceeds the conventional precision of a machine tool.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of part processing, in particular to an online detection and compensation method for the position degree of a circumferential pin hole.
Background
In the mechanical manufacturing industries of wind power, metallurgy, ships, cement and the like, the relative position precision of the structural members is ensured by connecting a certain number of pins for installation and positioning, and products are developed in large-scale and precise along with the rapid development of the mechanical industry. If the corresponding connecting pin holes are continuously processed in a matching mode, the limitation of processing equipment is increased on one hand, and great troubles are caused to product assembly and after-sale maintenance on the other hand, so that interchangeability among parts, namely independent processing of the pin holes is required, and under the condition of certain required position precision, the assembly of any part has the relative position precision required by design.
For circumferentially distributed pin holes, the position error thereof
(where r is the radial error and t is the tangential error) the minimum area principle is followed. Assuming that the diameter of a pin hole distribution circle is 3000mm, and the position degree requirement is phi 0.06mm, the radial and tangential positioning accuracy is + -0.021 when calculated according to r ═ t, and the tangential positioning accuracy is + -2.8 when converted into the indexing accuracy. And the mode of off-line detection after multiple times of trial processing is not in accordance with the principle of the production process on one hand, and on the other hand, errors caused by factors such as temperature and reference cannot be avoided.
In summary, how to effectively solve the problem of the processing difficulty of the current circumferentially distributed high-position precision pin holes is a problem that needs to be solved urgently by those skilled in the art at present.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the present invention provides an online detection and compensation method for circumferential pin hole location, which can effectively solve the problem of difficulty in processing the current circumferentially distributed high-location-precision pin holes.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
an online detection compensation method for circumferential pin hole position degree comprises the following steps:
obtaining a checking tool device, wherein the checking tool device is at least provided with two central through holes which are distributed corresponding to the distribution circle diameters of pin holes of the processed part;
and driving the processing equipment to perform reaming processing on each central through hole according to the current processing parameters to obtain a processing measuring hole, judging whether the current deviation of the processing measuring hole is within a set range, if not, correspondingly correcting the processing parameters, and returning to execute the step again until the deviation range of the processing measuring hole meets the requirement.
According to the technical scheme, the on-line detection compensation method for the circumferential pin hole position degree adopts the special detection tool device to perform on-line detection calculation, obtain the machining deviation degree, then perform correction and adjustment, and then perform machining measurement again until the machining deviation degree meets the requirements. The method is used for machining the pin holes with high position precision distributed on the circumference of the large part, and can effectively ensure the product precision especially when the precision of the pin holes is close to or exceeds the conventional precision of a machine tool. The process detection times in the product processing process are effectively reduced, and the method is also applicable to processing environments with non-constant temperature conditions and accords with production practice. In conclusion, the online detection compensation method for the position degree of the circumferential pin hole can effectively solve the problem of processing difficulty of the current circumferentially distributed high-position precision pin hole.
Preferably, the checking fixture device comprises a checking fixture plate provided with a plurality of mounting through holes and a plurality of checking fixture pipes respectively inserted into the mounting through holes, and the pipe cavity of each checking fixture pipe is the central through hole.
Preferably, the mounting through holes are cylindrical holes matched with the outer wall of the checking fixture pipe, the mounting through holes are distributed corresponding to the distribution circle diameters of pin holes of the parts to be processed, and one end of the checking fixture pipe is provided with a radial clamping shoulder to be clamped on the hole edge of the upper end of the mounting through hole.
Preferably, the gauge plate and the machined part are made of the same material and are arranged in a profiling mode.
Preferably, the judging whether the machining measurement hole deviation is within a set range includes:
and acquiring the deviation of the processing measuring hole relative to the central through hole, superposing the deviation of the processing measuring hole with the deviation of the central through hole to acquire the deviation of the processing measuring hole, and judging whether the deviation of the processing measuring hole is within a set range.
Preferably, the deviations comprise radial deviations and axial deviations.
Preferably, the obtaining of the deviation of the machining measuring hole from the central through hole is:
and measuring the deviation of the inner hole wall of the processing measuring hole and the inner hole wall of the central through hole in the peripheral direction through a lever indicator.
Preferably, the correcting the machining parameters further comprises increasing the axial machining depth in the machining parameters or increasing the hole-expanding diameter in the machining parameters.
Preferably, the tolerance between the end face of the checking fixture plate and the outer circle of the checking fixture plate is higher than the tolerance between the end face of the part to be machined and the outer circle of the part to be machined.
Preferably, the central through hole is formed by machining with a machining device for machining a part to be machined.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic flow chart of an online detection and compensation method for circumferential pin hole location degree according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a mounting and machining structure of a gauge device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram illustrating the radial deviation of the center via itself according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram illustrating a tangential deviation of a center via itself according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a radial deviation of a machined measurement hole from a central through hole according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of a tangential deviation of a machining measurement hole from a central through hole according to an embodiment of the present invention.
The drawings are numbered as follows:
the device comprises a detection tool plate 1, a detection tool pipe 2, a central through hole 3, a machining measuring hole 4, machining equipment 5 and a machined part 6, wherein R represents the radial direction, and T represents the circumferential direction.
Detailed Description
The embodiment of the invention discloses an online detection and compensation method for the position degree of a circumferential pin hole, which aims to effectively solve the problem of processing difficulty of the current circumferentially distributed high-position precision pin hole.
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1-6, fig. 1 is a schematic flow chart of an online detection and compensation method for circumferential pin hole location degree according to an embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a mounting and machining structure of a gauge device according to an embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram illustrating the radial deviation of the center via itself according to an embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram illustrating a tangential deviation of a center via itself according to an embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a radial deviation of a machined measurement hole from a central through hole according to an embodiment of the present invention; fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of a tangential deviation of a machining measurement hole from a central through hole according to an embodiment of the present invention.
In a specific embodiment, the present embodiment provides an online detection and compensation method for circumferential pin hole location, which is used to correct the processing parameters of the processing equipment 5, such as drilling and reaming, so that the actual pin hole size processed by the processing equipment 5 is closer to the target size, and correct the actual processing deviation caused by the factors, such as the environment temperature and the manufacturing accuracy of the processing equipment 5, so that the actual processing deviation is reduced. Specifically, the online detection compensation method for the position degree of the circumferential pin hole comprises the following steps.
Step 100: and obtaining a checking tool device, wherein the checking tool device is at least provided with two central through holes 3 which are distributed correspondingly to the pin hole distribution circle diameters of the processed part 6.
The checking fixture device can be designed and processed in advance, namely, the checking fixture device is processed on processing equipment 5 such as other machine tools, namely, the central through hole 3 is processed. But it is preferable from the viewpoint of processing accuracy that the central through hole 3 is formed by processing by the processing device 5 for processing the above-described workpiece 6 to be processed.
Specifically, the central through hole 3 may be directly machined in a plate, that is, a plate having a size and a shape identical or similar to those of the machined part 6 is selected, and the corresponding central through hole 3 is disposed on the upper side. However, considering that the central through hole 3 needs to be reamed later, the part with the central through hole 3 is a consumption part, and based on this, the preferred checking fixture device comprises a checking fixture plate 1 provided with a plurality of mounting through holes and a plurality of checking fixture tubes 2 respectively inserted into the mounting through holes, wherein the tube cavity of the checking fixture tube 2 is the central through hole 3. Like this when central through-hole 3 enlarges to can't continue to add man-hour on examining a utensil pipe 2, can change and examine a utensil pipe 2.
The material of the checking fixture plate 1 is preferably the same as that of the part 6 to be processed, and specifically, the checking fixture plate 1 and the part 6 to be processed can be made of the same material and subjected to a heat treatment process. Considering that the actual size of machining is influenced by many factors, especially the structure size can produce different changes in different environments, based on this, it is preferable that the checking fixture plate 1 and the machined part 6 are arranged in a copying manner, if a large same or similar ring shape is adopted, if the machined part is an inner ring gear, an inner ring gear can be directly used as the checking fixture plate 1, or an annular plate with a similar size, shape and material can be used as the checking fixture plate 1 for equivalent thermal deformation, wherein the thickness of the checking fixture plate 1 can be thinner than that of the machined part 6, and the thickness direction is the extending direction of the central through hole 3, namely the axial direction of the central through hole 3 is the thickness direction of the plate body. In order to ensure the machining precision, the form and position tolerance of the end face and the excircle (or the inner hole) of the gauge plate 1 is preferably higher than that of the end face and the excircle (or the inner hole) of the part 6 to be machined.
For the convenience of installing the gauge pipe 2, the preferred installation through holes are cylindrical holes matched with the outer wall of the gauge pipe 2, the installation through holes are distributed corresponding to the distribution circle diameters of the pin holes of the machined part 6, and one end of the gauge pipe 2 is provided with a radial clamping shoulder to be clamped on the hole edge of the upper end of each installation through hole.
The central through holes 3 are distributed according to pin holes of the processed part 6, even if the diameters of the distributed circles of the central through holes and the pin holes are equal. In order to ensure the later precision, the position degree of the mounting through hole processed on the checking fixture plate 1 is less than or equal to phi 0.2 mm. And the corresponding mounting through hole is provided with the checking fixture sleeve, the central through hole 3 of the checking fixture sleeve is processed according to the requirement of processing the pin hole after mounting, and the position degree is less than or equal to phi 0.2 mm.
It should be noted that, the central through holes 3 are preferably uniformly distributed in the annular direction, wherein the number of the central through holes 3 is generally increased or decreased according to the final position precision of the pin holes on the part 6 to be machined, the higher the precision is, the greater the number of the through holes on the gauge plate 1 is, but not less than two, and generally, the central angle between the central through holes 3 is a positive integer multiple of the central angle of the adjacent pin holes of the part 6 to be machined.
Step 200: and driving the processing equipment 5 to perform reaming processing on each central through hole 3 according to the current processing parameters to obtain a processing measuring hole 4, judging whether the deviation of the current processing measuring hole 4 is within a set range, if not, correspondingly correcting the processing parameters, and returning to execute the step again until the deviation range of the processing measuring hole 4 meets the requirement.
The machining parameters obtained by the last correction are compensation data, i.e. the machining parameters of the part 6 to be machined according to the data. Specifically, according to the compensation data, the data deviation of the machined corresponding pin holes on the machined part 6 is obtained, and then corresponding adjustment is carried out, and the machining parameters of the pin holes between the connected corresponding pin holes can be corrected according to the corresponding pin holes on the two sides. Specifically, the correction parameters may be obtained by knowing a difference between the set processing parameters and the actual processing parameters and a deviation direction, that is, the correction parameters may be superimposed on the processing parameters to compensate, generally, vector superposition is performed, so that the actual processing parameters meet requirements.
The processing equipment 5 is driven to perform reaming processing on each central through hole 3 according to current processing parameters so as to obtain a processing measuring hole 4, and during first processing, the current processing parameters are processing parameters set in advance and are consistent with corresponding pin hole processing parameters of a processed part 6. And then actual processing measuring holes 4 are obtained, and the actual processing measuring holes 4 can measure the deviation of each actual processing measuring hole 4 by using the checking fixture device as a reference. For the convenience of measurement, the deviation of the machining measurement hole 4 can be obtained from the central through hole 3. Namely, it can be determined whether the deviation of the machining measuring hole 4 is within a set range, specifically: and acquiring the deviation of the processing measuring hole 4 relative to the central through hole 3, superposing the deviation with the central through hole 3 to acquire the deviation of the processing measuring hole 4, and judging whether the deviation of the processing measuring hole 4 is within a set range. The deviation of the central through hole 3 itself, i.e. the deviation of the central through hole 3 from the center of the distribution circle, is generally measured before the above step 200, and mainly the radial deviation and the circumferential deviation are measured. The corresponding subsequent machining measures the hole 4 deviation, which is also generally indicated by the radial deviation and the circumferential deviation, respectively.
The deviation of the processing measuring hole 4 with respect to the central through hole 3 may be obtained, specifically, the deviation of the inner hole wall of the processing measuring hole 4 and the inner hole wall of the central through hole 3 in the circumferential direction may be measured, wherein the measuring tool may beA lever meter, or other measuring tool. Specifically, the general term of the deviation in the radial direction R is as follows:
the general term for the deviation in the tangential direction T is:
wherein the corner mark n refers to the processing parameter or other data of the nth object (such as a processing measuring hole and a central through hole) in the same class of objects.
Further, the position deviation of the machining measuring hole 4 in this condition can be calculated according to the detection deviation (as shown in table 1).
The general term for the deviation of the machining measurement hole 4 in the radial direction R with respect to the alignment reference during machining is:
ΔRn＝Δrn+δn
the general term of the deviation of the machining measuring hole 4 in the tangential direction T with respect to the alignment reference during machining is:
ΔTn＝(Δtn-ε)+(δtn-ε)
wherein epsilon is a compensation value of the machining hole in the tangential direction optimized according to the principle of minimum area.
The general term of the position error of the machining measuring hole 4 relative to the machining standard is as follows:
and after obtaining the deviation of the processing measuring hole 4, judging whether the deviation of the processing measuring hole 4 is in a set range, if so, indicating that the processing measuring hole 4 processed according to the current processing parameters meets the requirement of the processing precision, and the precision of the pin shaft hole processed according to the processing parameters meets the requirement.
And when the machining deviation of the machining measuring hole 4 exceeds the set range, the accuracy does not meet the requirement, and the machining parameters need to be corrected. The specific correction method is that, according to the deviation direction and the deviation magnitude, the corresponding processing parameter is adjusted, for example, x millimeters are radially deviated from a certain processed measuring hole 4 to be processed, then x millimeters are radially added outwards to the data corresponding to the axial position of the processed measuring hole 4 in the corresponding processed measuring hole 4, so that after the parameter is adjusted, the processed measuring hole 4 is radially deviated outwards by x millimeters compared with that before the parameter is adjusted. And after the machining parameters are adjusted, returning to the step of re-executing, namely reaming the central through hole 3 according to the updated current machining parameters to obtain a new machining measuring hole 4. It should be noted that, in the correction of the machining parameters, not only the above deviation is corrected, but also the axial machining depth in the machining parameters is increased or the hole enlarging diameter in the machining parameters is increased, when the axial machining depth is increased, so that the axial movement is continued on the basis of the last machining measurement hole 4, and at other positions in the axial direction, the hole is enlarged on the central through hole 3 to obtain a new machining measurement hole 4. When the reaming diameter in the machining parameters is increased, the axial position is unchanged, the reaming is continued on the basis of the original machining of the measuring hole 4 to cover the original machining of the measuring hole 4 to obtain a new measuring hole, and the reaming diameter increase range is larger than the central axis eccentric range of the machining of the measuring hole 4 to form a complete new machining of the measuring hole 4.
When the deviation of the machining measuring hole 4 is judged to be in the set range, the machining parameters are proved to meet the requirements, namely the gauge device can be detached and then normal machining is started, so that online detection is realized and the technological parameters are optimized in time.
According to the technical scheme, the on-line detection compensation method for the circumferential pin hole position degree adopts the special detection tool device to perform on-line detection calculation, obtain the machining deviation degree, then perform correction and adjustment, and then perform machining measurement again until the machining deviation degree meets the requirements. The method is used for machining the pin holes with high position precision distributed on the circumference of the large part, and can effectively ensure the product precision especially when the precision of the pin holes is close to or exceeds the conventional precision of a machine tool. The process detection times in the product processing process are effectively reduced, and the method is also applicable to processing environments with non-constant temperature conditions and accords with production practice. In conclusion, the online detection compensation method for the position degree of the circumferential pin hole can effectively solve the problem of processing difficulty of the current circumferentially distributed high-position precision pin hole.
The embodiments in the present description are described in a progressive manner, each embodiment focuses on differences from other embodiments, and the same and similar parts among the embodiments are referred to each other.
The previous description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
Claims (10)
1. An online detection compensation method for the position degree of a circumferential pin hole is characterized by comprising the following steps:
obtaining a checking tool device, wherein the checking tool device is at least provided with two central through holes which are distributed corresponding to the distribution circle diameters of pin holes of the processed part;
and driving the processing equipment to perform reaming processing on each central through hole according to the current processing parameters to obtain a processing measuring hole, judging whether the current deviation of the processing measuring hole is within a set range, if not, correspondingly correcting the processing parameters, and returning to execute the step again until the deviation range of the processing measuring hole meets the requirement.
2. The online detection and compensation method for the position degree of the circumferential pin hole according to claim 1, wherein the detection tool device comprises a detection tool plate provided with a plurality of installation through holes and a plurality of detection tool tubes respectively inserted into the installation through holes, and a tube cavity of each detection tool tube is the central through hole.
3. The on-line detection and compensation method for the location degree of the circumferential pin hole according to claim 2, wherein the mounting through holes are cylindrical holes matched with the outer wall of the checking fixture pipe, the mounting through holes are distributed corresponding to the distribution circle diameter of the pin hole of the part to be machined, and one end of the checking fixture pipe is provided with a radial clamping shoulder to be clamped on the hole edge of the upper end of the mounting through hole.
4. The online detection and compensation method for the position degree of the circumferential pin hole according to claim 3, wherein the detection tool plate and the part to be machined are made of the same material and are arranged in a profiling mode.
5. The circumferential pin hole position degree online detection compensation method according to claim 4, wherein the step of judging whether the current machining measurement hole deviation is within a set range is as follows:
and acquiring the deviation of the processing measuring hole relative to the central through hole, superposing the deviation of the processing measuring hole with the deviation of the central through hole to acquire the deviation of the processing measuring hole, and judging whether the deviation of the processing measuring hole is within a set range.
6. The circumferential pin hole location degree on-line detection compensation method of claim 5, wherein the deviation comprises a radial deviation and an axial deviation.
7. The circumferential pin hole position degree on-line detection compensation method according to claim 5, wherein the obtaining of the deviation of the machining measurement hole from the central through hole is:
and measuring the deviation of the inner hole wall of the processing measuring hole and the inner hole wall of the central through hole in the peripheral direction through a lever indicator.
8. The on-line detection and compensation method for the positional accuracy of the circumferential pin hole according to claim 7, wherein the correction of the machining parameters further comprises increasing an axial machining depth in the machining parameters or increasing a hole-expanding diameter in the machining parameters.
9. The on-line detection and compensation method for the position degree of the circumferential pin hole according to claim 8, wherein the tolerance between the end face of the detection tool plate and the outer circumference of the detection tool plate is higher than the tolerance between the end face of the part to be machined and the outer circumference of the part to be machined.
10. The on-line detection and compensation method for circumferential pin hole location degree according to claim 8, wherein the central through hole is formed by machining with a machining device for machining a part to be machined.
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