CN113027546B - A low-pressure cylinder zero-output cooling effect evaluation method suitable for wet-cooled 300MW units - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明一种适用于湿冷300MW机组的低压缸零出力冷却效果评价方法,包括:1)针对湿冷300MW机组,通过试验的方法,分别得到:冷却蒸汽流量、冷却蒸汽温度、机组背压、低压缸减温水流量对低压缸次末级、末级温度的修正曲线。2)结合各修正曲线,分别得到:冷却蒸汽流量、冷却蒸汽温度、机组背压、低压缸减温水流量对低压缸次末级、末级温度的修正值。3)结合各修正值,得到:综合修正值。4)根据步骤3)中的综合修正值,得到:修正后的低压缸次末级、末级温度。在实际零出力运行过程中,当冷却蒸汽的温度、压力、流量以及机组背压与设计值存在偏差时,可以直接定性、定量评价冷却蒸汽对次末级、末级叶片的冷却效果,是否达到设计值。
A method for evaluating the cooling effect of a low-pressure cylinder with zero output suitable for a wet-cooled 300MW unit of the present invention includes: 1) for the wet-cooled 300MW unit, through the test method, respectively obtain: cooling steam flow rate, cooling steam temperature, unit back pressure, low-pressure cylinder The correction curve of the desuperheating water flow to the temperature of the secondary and final stages of the low-pressure cylinder. 2) Combined with each correction curve, respectively obtain: the correction value of cooling steam flow, cooling steam temperature, unit back pressure, and low-pressure cylinder desuperheating water flow to the temperature of the second and final stages of the low-pressure cylinder. 3) Combining the correction values, obtain: comprehensive correction value. 4) According to the comprehensive correction value in step 3), obtain: the corrected low-pressure cylinder sub-final stage and final stage temperature. During the actual zero-output operation, when the temperature, pressure, flow rate of the cooling steam and the back pressure of the unit deviate from the design values, it is possible to directly qualitatively and quantitatively evaluate the cooling effect of the cooling steam on the sub-final and final-stage blades. design value.
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明属于汽轮机运行技术领域,具体涉及一种适用于湿冷300MW机组的低压缸零出力冷却效果评价方法。The invention belongs to the technical field of steam turbine operation, and in particular relates to a low-pressure cylinder zero-output cooling effect evaluation method suitable for a wet-cooled 300MW unit.
背景技术Background technique
近年来,低压缸零出力技术凭借大幅度提高机组供热能力和电调峰能力,能够实现供热机组在抽汽凝汽与低压缸零出力运行方式之间的灵活切换,已在湿冷300MW机组上得到了广泛应用。在低压缸零出力运行过程,由中、低压连通管进入低压缸的蒸汽被完全阻隔,仅有少量蒸汽以冷却蒸汽的方式通过冷却蒸汽管道进入低压缸,与低压缸减温水共同维持次末级、末级温度处于安全范围。In recent years, the low-pressure cylinder zero-output technology has greatly improved the unit’s heating capacity and electrical peak-shaving capacity, enabling flexible switching between the extraction and condensing steam extraction and the low-pressure cylinder zero-output operation mode of the heating unit. has been widely used. During the zero-output operation of the low-pressure cylinder, the steam entering the low-pressure cylinder from the medium and low-pressure connecting pipes is completely blocked, and only a small amount of steam enters the low-pressure cylinder through the cooling steam pipeline in the form of cooling steam, and maintains the secondary and final stage together with the desuperheating water of the low-pressure cylinder. , The final temperature is in the safe range.
但是在实际运行过程中,机组负荷、环境温度不可能一直处于设计值,冷却蒸汽的温度、压力、流量以及机组背压也与设计值存在一定偏差,无法直接定量评价冷却蒸汽对次末级、末级叶片的冷却效果,因此需要提出一种新的方法对低压缸次末级、末级温度进行修正,以评价冷却蒸汽的冷却效果,是否达到设计值。However, in the actual operation process, the unit load and ambient temperature cannot always be at the design values, and the temperature, pressure, flow rate and unit back pressure of the cooling steam are also deviated from the design values. Therefore, it is necessary to propose a new method to correct the temperature of the secondary and final stages of the low-pressure cylinder, so as to evaluate whether the cooling effect of the cooling steam reaches the design value.
发明内容SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
本发明的目的在于解决上述问题,依据低压缸零出力运行适应性试验的方法,提供一种适用于湿冷300MW机组的低压缸零出力冷却效果评价方法。The purpose of the present invention is to solve the above problems, and to provide a low-pressure cylinder zero-output cooling effect evaluation method suitable for wet cooling 300MW units according to the method of the low-pressure cylinder zero-output operation adaptability test.
为了实现上述目的,本发明采用以下技术方法,通过In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical methods, through
一种适用于湿冷300MW机组的低压缸零出力冷却效果评价方法,包括以下步骤:A low-pressure cylinder zero-output cooling effect evaluation method suitable for a wet-cooled 300MW unit, comprising the following steps:
1)针对湿冷300MW机组,通过低压缸零出力运行适应性试验的方法,分别得到:冷却蒸汽流量、冷却蒸汽温度、机组背压、低压缸减温水流量对低压缸次末级、末级温度的修正曲线;1) For the wet-cooled 300MW unit, through the low-pressure cylinder zero-output operation adaptability test method, it is obtained respectively: correction curve;
2)以步骤1)的修正曲线为基础,根据低压缸零出力的实际运行参数,分别得到:冷却蒸汽流量、冷却蒸汽温度、机组背压、低压缸减温水流量对低压缸次末级、末级温度的修正值;2) Based on the correction curve of step 1), according to the actual operating parameters of the zero output of the low-pressure cylinder, respectively obtain: cooling steam flow, cooling steam temperature, unit back pressure, low-pressure Correction value of stage temperature;
3)以步骤2)的修正值,得到:冷却蒸汽流量、冷却蒸汽温度、机组背压、低压缸减温水流量对低压缸次末级、末级温度的综合修正值:C{θ1}、C{θ2};3) Using the correction value of step 2), obtain: the comprehensive correction value of cooling steam flow rate, cooling steam temperature, unit back pressure, and low-pressure cylinder desuperheating water flow rate to the temperature of the secondary and final stages of the low-pressure cylinder: C{θ 1 }, C{θ 2 };
4)以步骤3)低压缸次末级、末级温度的综合修正值,得到:修正后的低压缸次末级、末级温度:θ′1、θ′2;4) According to the comprehensive correction value of the temperature of the second and last stage of the low-pressure cylinder in step 3), obtain: the corrected temperature of the second and last stage of the low-pressure cylinder: θ′ 1 , θ′ 2 ;
5)以步骤4)修正后的低压缸次末级、末级温度,得到:冷却蒸汽对次末级、末级叶片的冷却效果的评价参数:次末级叶片冷却效果偏差率Δ1、末级叶片冷却效果偏差率Δ2,用以定量评价湿冷300MW机组的低压缸零出力运行时冷却蒸汽对次末级、末级叶片冷却效果。5) Using the temperature of the secondary and final stages of the low-pressure cylinder corrected in step 4), obtain: the evaluation parameters of the cooling effect of the cooling steam on the secondary and final blades: the deviation rate of the cooling effect of the secondary and final blades Δ 1 , the end The deviation rate Δ 2 of the cooling effect of the first stage blade is used to quantitatively evaluate the cooling effect of the cooling steam on the second and last stage blades when the low-pressure cylinder of the wet-cooled 300MW unit is running at zero output.
本发明进一步的改进在于,冷却蒸汽流量对低压缸次末级温度的修正值由实际运行值与设计值计算得到。A further improvement of the present invention is that the correction value of the cooling steam flow rate to the temperature of the secondary and final stages of the low-pressure cylinder is calculated from the actual operating value and the design value.
本发明进一步的改进在于,冷却蒸汽温度对低压缸次末级温度的修正值由实际运行值与设计值计算得到。A further improvement of the present invention lies in that the correction value of the temperature of the cooling steam to the temperature of the secondary and final stages of the low-pressure cylinder is calculated from the actual operating value and the design value.
本发明进一步的改进在于,机组背压对低压缸次末级温度的修正值由实际运行值与设计值计算得到。A further improvement of the present invention is that the correction value of the unit back pressure to the temperature of the secondary and final stages of the low-pressure cylinder is calculated from the actual operating value and the design value.
本发明进一步的改进在于,低压缸减温水流量对低压缸次末级温度的修正值由实际运行值与设计值计算得到。A further improvement of the present invention is that the correction value of the desuperheating water flow of the low-pressure cylinder to the temperature of the secondary and final stages of the low-pressure cylinder is calculated from the actual operating value and the design value.
本发明进一步的改进在于,冷却蒸汽流量对低压缸末级温度的修正值由实际运行值与设计值计算得到。A further improvement of the present invention is that the correction value of the cooling steam flow rate to the temperature of the last stage of the low-pressure cylinder is calculated from the actual operating value and the design value.
本发明进一步的改进在于,冷却蒸汽温度对低压缸末级温度的修正值由实际运行值与设计值计算得到。A further improvement of the present invention is that the correction value of the cooling steam temperature to the temperature of the last stage of the low-pressure cylinder is calculated from the actual operating value and the design value.
本发明进一步的改进在于,机组背压对低压缸次末级温度的修正值由实际运行值与设计值计算得到。A further improvement of the present invention is that the correction value of the unit back pressure to the temperature of the secondary and final stages of the low-pressure cylinder is calculated from the actual operating value and the design value.
本发明进一步的改进在于,修正后的低压缸次末级温度由冷却蒸汽流量、冷却蒸汽温度、机组背压、低压缸减温水流量对低压缸次末级温度的综合修正值以及低压缸次末级温度设计值计算得到;A further improvement of the present invention is that the corrected secondary and final temperature of the low-pressure cylinder is determined by the comprehensive correction value of the cooling steam flow rate, the cooling steam temperature, the unit back pressure, the low-pressure cylinder desuperheating water flow to the secondary and final temperature of the low-pressure cylinder, and the low-pressure cylinder secondary and final temperature. The design value of the stage temperature is calculated;
修正后的低压缸末级温度由冷却蒸汽流量、冷却蒸汽温度、机组背压、低压缸减温水流量对低压缸末级温度的综合修正值以及低压缸末级温度设计值计算得到。The corrected final temperature of low pressure cylinder is calculated from the comprehensive correction value of cooling steam flow, cooling steam temperature, unit back pressure, low pressure cylinder desuperheating water flow to low pressure cylinder final temperature and the design value of low pressure cylinder final temperature.
本发明进一步的改进在于,冷却蒸汽对次末级叶片的冷却效果偏差率由修正后的低压缸次末级温度以及低压缸次末级温度设计值计算得到;A further improvement of the present invention is that the deviation rate of the cooling effect of the cooling steam on the secondary and final stage blades is calculated from the corrected temperature of the secondary and final stages of the low-pressure cylinder and the design value of the temperature of the secondary and final stages of the low-pressure cylinder;
冷却蒸汽对末级叶片的冷却效果偏差率由修正后的低压缸末级温度以及低压缸末级温度设计值计算得到。The deviation rate of the cooling effect of the cooling steam on the last stage blades is calculated from the corrected temperature of the last stage of the low pressure cylinder and the design value of the temperature of the last stage of the low pressure cylinder.
本发明至少具有如下有益的技术效果:The present invention at least has the following beneficial technical effects:
在实际零出力运行过程中,当冷却蒸汽的温度、流量以及机组背压、低压缸减温水流量与设计值存在偏差时,如果将次末级、末级温度的实际值与设计值直接进行对比,则不能合理评价冷却蒸汽对次末级、末级叶片的冷却效果。During the actual zero-output operation, when there is a deviation between the temperature and flow of the cooling steam, the back pressure of the unit, and the flow rate of the desuperheating water in the low-pressure cylinder and the design value, if the actual value of the temperature of the second and last stage and the final stage are directly compared with the design value , the cooling effect of the cooling steam on the second and last stage blades cannot be reasonably evaluated.
即高冷却蒸汽流量、低冷却蒸汽温度、低背压、高低压缸减温水流量均有利于次末级、末级温度的降低,因而需要根据上述各参数的修正曲线(通过低压缸零出力运行适应性试验得到)对次末级、末级温度进行修正,消除各影响因素对次末级、末级温度的影响,然后再与设计值进行对比,从而合理、科学、定量的评价冷却蒸汽对次末级、末级叶片的冷却效果,是否达到设计值。That is to say, high cooling steam flow, low cooling steam temperature, low back pressure, and high and low pressure cylinder desuperheating water flow are all beneficial to the reduction of the temperature of the second and final stages, so it is necessary to modify the curve according to the above parameters (through the zero output operation of the low pressure cylinder). Adaptability test) to correct the temperature of the secondary and final stages, eliminate the influence of various influencing factors on the temperatures of the secondary and final stages, and then compare them with the design values, so as to reasonably, scientifically and quantitatively evaluate the effect of cooling steam on the cooling steam. Whether the cooling effect of the secondary and final stage blades reaches the design value.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1为本发明的方法步骤逻辑框图。FIG. 1 is a logical block diagram of the method steps of the present invention.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
以下结合附图及实施例对本发明的具体实施方式进行详细说明。应当理解的是,此处所描述的具体实施方式仅用于说明和解释本发明,并不用于限制本发明。The specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to illustrate and explain the present invention, but not to limit the present invention.
实施例Example
如图1所示,针对湿冷300MW机组,通过低压缸零出力运行适应性试验的方法,得到:As shown in Figure 1, for the wet-cooled 300MW unit, through the method of adaptability test of low-pressure cylinder zero-output operation, it is obtained:
(1)冷却蒸汽流量对低压缸次末级、末级温度的修正曲线(1) Correction curve of cooling steam flow to the temperature of the secondary and final stages of the low-pressure cylinder
θ1=f1(Q1)θ 1 =f 1 (Q 1 )
θ2=f2(Q1)θ 2 =f 2 (Q 1 )
(2)冷却蒸汽温度对低压缸次末级、末级温度的修正曲线(2) The correction curve of the cooling steam temperature to the temperature of the secondary and final stages of the low-pressure cylinder
θ1=f3(T1)θ 1 =f 3 (T 1 )
θ2=f4(T1)θ 2 =f 4 (T 1 )
(3)背压对低压缸次末级、末级温度的修正曲线(3) The correction curve of back pressure to the temperature of the secondary and final stages of the low-pressure cylinder
θ1=f5(P2)θ 1 =f 5 (P 2 )
θ2=f6(P2)θ 2 =f 6 (P 2 )
(4)低压缸减温水流量对低压缸次末级、末级温度的修正曲线(4) The correction curve of the desuperheating water flow of the low-pressure cylinder to the temperature of the secondary and final stages of the low-pressure cylinder
θ1=f7(Q2)θ 1 =f 7 (Q 2 )
θ2=f8(Q2)θ 2 =f 8 (Q 2 )
步骤二:Step 2:
以上述修正曲线为基础,根据低压缸零出力的实际运行参数,可以得到:Based on the above correction curve, according to the actual operating parameters of the zero output of the low pressure cylinder, we can get:
(1)冷却蒸汽流量对低压缸次末级、末级温度的修正值(1) The correction value of the cooling steam flow to the temperature of the secondary and final stages of the low-pressure cylinder
C{θ1|Q1}=f1(Q10)-f1(Q1)C{θ 1 |Q 1 }=f 1 (Q 10 )-f 1 (Q 1 )
C{θ2|Q1}=f2(Q10)-f2(Q1)C{θ 2 |Q 1 }=f 2 (Q 10 )-f 2 (Q 1 )
(2)冷却蒸汽温度对低压缸次末级、末级温度的修正值(2) The correction value of the cooling steam temperature to the temperature of the secondary and final stages of the low-pressure cylinder
C{θ1|T1}=f3(T1)-f3(T10)C{θ 1 |T 1 }=f 3 (T 1 )-f 3 (T 10 )
C{θ2|T1}=f4(T1)-f4(T10)C{θ 2 |T 1 }=f 4 (T 1 )-f 4 (T 10 )
(3)背压对低压缸次末级、末级温度的修正值(3) Correction value of back pressure to the temperature of the secondary and final stages of the low-pressure cylinder
C{θ1|P2}=f5(P2)-f5(P20)C{θ 1 |P 2 }=f 5 (P 2 )-f 5 (P 20 )
C{θ2|P2}=f6(P2)-f6(P20)C{θ 2 |P 2 }=f 6 (P 2 )-f 6 (P 20 )
(4)低压缸减温水流量对低压缸次末级、末级温度的修正值(4) The correction value of the desuperheating water flow of the low-pressure cylinder to the temperature of the secondary and final stages of the low-pressure cylinder
C{θ1|Q2}=f7(Q20)-f8(Q2)C{θ 1 |Q 2 }=f 7 (Q 20 )-f 8 (Q 2 )
C{θ2|Q2}=f8(Q20)-f8(Q2)C{θ 2 |Q 2 }=f 8 (Q 20 )−f 8 (Q 2 )
步骤三:Step 3:
根据步骤二得到:低压缸零出力实际运行过程中,冷却蒸汽流量、冷却蒸汽温度、机组背压、低压缸减温水流量对低压缸次末级、末级温度的综合修正值分别为:Obtained according to step 2: During the actual operation of the low-pressure cylinder with zero output, the comprehensive correction values of the cooling steam flow, cooling steam temperature, unit back pressure, and low-pressure cylinder desuperheating water flow to the temperature of the secondary and final stages of the low-pressure cylinder are:
C{θ1}=C{θ1|Q1}+C{θ1|T1}+C{θ1|P2}+C{θ1|Q2}C{θ 1 }=C{θ 1 |Q 1 }+C{θ 1 |T 1 }+C{θ 1 |P 2 }+C{θ 1 |Q 2 }
C{θ2}=C{θ2|Q1}+C{θ2|T1}+C{θ2|P2}+C{θ2|Q2}C{θ 2 }=C{θ 2 |Q 1 }+C{θ 2 |T 1 }+C{θ 2 |P 2 }+C{θ 2 |Q 2 }
步骤四:Step 4:
可以得到修正后的低压缸次末级、末级温度分别为:The corrected temperatures of the secondary and final stages of the low-pressure cylinder can be obtained as follows:
θ′1=θ1+C{θ1}θ′ 1 =θ 1 +C{θ 1 }
θ′2=θ2+C{θ2}θ′ 2 =θ 2 +C{θ 2 }
步骤五:Step 5:
然后得到:冷却蒸汽对次末级、末级叶片的冷却效果的评价参数:次末级叶片冷却效果偏差率(Δ1)、末级叶片冷却效果偏差率(Δ2):Then obtain: the evaluation parameters of the cooling effect of the cooling steam on the second and last stage blades: the deviation rate of the cooling effect of the second and last stage blades (Δ 1 ), the deviation rate of the cooling effect of the last stage blades (Δ 2 ):
Δ1为正数时,冷却蒸汽对次末级叶片的效果低于设计值,且绝对值越大冷却效果越差;Δ为0时,冷却蒸汽对次末级叶片的冷却效果与设计值一致;Δ为负数时,冷却蒸汽对次末级叶片的冷却效果优于设计值,且绝对值越大冷却效果越好。When Δ 1 is a positive number, the effect of cooling steam on the secondary and final blades is lower than the design value, and the larger the absolute value, the worse the cooling effect; when Δ is 0, the cooling effect of cooling steam on the secondary and final blades is consistent with the design value. ; When Δ is a negative number, the cooling effect of the cooling steam on the second and last stage blades is better than the design value, and the larger the absolute value, the better the cooling effect.
Δ2为正数时,冷却蒸汽对末级叶片的冷却效果低于设计值,且绝对值越大冷却效果越差;Δ为0时,冷却蒸汽对末级叶片的冷却效果与设计值一致;Δ为负数时,冷却蒸汽对末级叶片的冷却效果优于设计值,且绝对值越大冷却效果越好。When Δ 2 is a positive number, the cooling effect of the cooling steam on the last stage blades is lower than the design value, and the larger the absolute value, the worse the cooling effect; when Δ is 0, the cooling effect of the cooling steam on the last stage blades is consistent with the design value; When Δ is a negative number, the cooling effect of the cooling steam on the last stage blades is better than the design value, and the larger the absolute value, the better the cooling effect.
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