CN113027417B - Water-retaining pressure-releasing device and method suitable for deep water drilling ground stress test - Google Patents
Water-retaining pressure-releasing device and method suitable for deep water drilling ground stress test Download PDFInfo
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- CN113027417B CN113027417B CN202110242287.9A CN202110242287A CN113027417B CN 113027417 B CN113027417 B CN 113027417B CN 202110242287 A CN202110242287 A CN 202110242287A CN 113027417 B CN113027417 B CN 113027417B
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 178
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 64
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 39
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 34
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 73
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002775 capsule Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 206010016807 Fluid retention Diseases 0.000 abstract description 19
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 10
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000009662 stress testing Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000006837 decompression Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003673 groundwater Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001502 supplementing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B47/00—Survey of boreholes or wells
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B33/00—Sealing or packing boreholes or wells
- E21B33/10—Sealing or packing boreholes or wells in the borehole
- E21B33/12—Packers; Plugs
- E21B33/122—Multiple string packers
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/25—Methods for stimulating production
- E21B43/26—Methods for stimulating production by forming crevices or fractures
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B47/00—Survey of boreholes or wells
- E21B47/06—Measuring temperature or pressure
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Geophysics (AREA)
- Investigation Of Foundation Soil And Reinforcement Of Foundation Soil By Compacting Or Drainage (AREA)
Abstract
The device comprises an upper packer, a lower packer and a push-pull water-retention pressure-release device which are arranged in a borehole, wherein the push-pull water-retention pressure-release device is connected with a drill rod, the push-pull water-retention pressure-release device comprises a main body, a valve plug sliding cavity, a packer fluid channel, a pressure-release fluid channel, a central rod fluid channel and a push-pull valve plug which is connected with the drill rod and can move up and down in the valve plug sliding cavity, a built-in piston sliding cavity and a built-in piston which can move up and down in the built-in piston sliding cavity are arranged in the push-pull valve plug, a spring guide rod and a prestress spring which is sleeved on the spring guide rod are arranged at the lower part of the built-in piston, a piston limiter which is fixed on a central tube interface is connected with the center of the upper end of the upper packer is arranged below the spring guide rod. The invention can realize quick pressure relief of the packer in the deep water drilling ground stress test, save the switching of the drill rod water head and the pressure channel, and further realize quick continuous ground stress test of the deep water drilling.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of rock mass mechanics tests, in particular to a water-retaining and pressure-releasing device and a method suitable for deep water level drilling ground stress test.
Background
Conventional hydraulic fracturing method ground stress tests are largely classified into single tube method and double tube method. The single-pipe method realizes the pressure channel switching of the packer and the test section by inscribing the push-pull valve between the drill rod and the double-plug packer, is suitable for continuous and rapid test of deep drilling at high water level (the water level is not more than 50m generally), and has simple operation. The double-pipe method forms two pressure channels through connecting the slender high-pressure water pipe with the drill pipe externally to the packer, is suitable for shallow drilling test and is complex in operation. With the increasing of the buried depth of underground engineering, geological drilling with large buried depth and deep water level can be commonly found, a single pipe method is generally selected for testing, but pressure formed by the difference between the water heads inside and outside a drill rod in the process of injecting water into the drill rod can cause the packer to be automatically expanded and fixed on the hole wall and cannot move, so that the packer is required to be independently decompressed by a matched decompression device, the efficiency of the existing decompression method is lower, and the required testing time is long enough for drilling with ultra-high water level.
At present, pressure relief modes with higher operability are mainly divided into two types: the first pressure relief mode can not be continuously tested after the pressure of the packer is relieved, the packer is required to be completely lifted to the ground through a drill rod after one test section is completed, the pressure relief device is manually restored, then the drill rod is connected again, lifted through the winch of the drilling machine, lowered to a designated position and injected with water again to the drill rod, the pressure relief mode is lowest in efficiency, and a great amount of time and labor are used in the water injection stage before the drill rod is connected, detached and tested in the repeated lifting process; the second pressure relief mode is used for finely adjusting the stroke of a piston in the pressure relief device by accurately controlling the lifting of a drill rod on the ground so that water in the drill rod flows into a drilled hole, the head difference between the inside and the outside of the drill rod is reduced, the purpose of pressure relief of a packer is achieved, the drill rod can be hoisted by a drilling machine after pressure relief to be placed at a next test position for continuous test, but water needs to be injected into the drill rod again before the test, the efficiency of the pressure relief mode is improved compared with that of the first mode, the drill rod does not need to be hoisted repeatedly, and the water injection before the drill rod is drained and retested still takes a long time in the pressure relief process. The hydraulic fracturing ground stress testing device and the hydraulic fracturing ground stress testing method are suitable for deep water drilling and are efficient and easy to operate, and have important significance in order to save time, labor and material resource investment, improve testing efficiency and reduce testing cost.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior background technology, thereby providing the water-retaining and pressure-releasing device and the method suitable for the deep water drilling ground stress test.
In order to solve the problems, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
the utility model provides a pressure relief device that keeps water suitable for deep water level drilling ground stress test, is including last packer and the lower packer of placing in the drilling, goes up the packer and is connected with fracturing section center pipe in the center of lower packer, goes up the packer and is connected oil pipe intercommunication through last lower packer with the rubber cylinder of lower packer, its characterized in that: the water-retaining and pressure-releasing device comprises a main body, a valve plug sliding cavity, a packer fluid channel, a pressure-releasing fluid channel, a central rod fluid channel and a push-pull valve plug which is connected with the drill rod and can move up and down in the valve plug sliding cavity, a built-in piston sliding cavity and a built-in piston which can move up and down in the built-in piston sliding cavity are arranged in the push-pull valve plug, a spring guide rod and a prestress spring sleeved on the spring guide rod are arranged at the lower part of the built-in piston, a piston limiter fixed on a central tube interface is arranged below the spring guide rod to limit the spring guide rod, and a central water outlet of the central tube joint serving as the water-retaining and pressure-releasing device is connected with the center of the upper end of the upper packer.
Further, when the built-in push-pull valve plug is stretched in an initial state, the rubber cylinder of the upper packer is communicated with the drill hole through the packer fluid channel, the built-in piston sliding cavity and the pressure relief fluid channel to form a pressure relief loop; when the push-pull valve plug is stretched in a pressurized state, the built-in piston slides downwards to close the pressure relief fluid channel to form a partition with a drilling space, and the pressure water in the central channel of the drill rod enters the upper packer through the packer fluid channel to achieve the purpose of setting; after the seat sealing is finished, slowly dropping the drill rod, closing the push-pull valve plug under the action of the dead weight of the drill rod and the friction resistance of the packer, and connecting the central channel pressure water of the drill rod with the central pipe through the central rod fluid channel, so that a fracturing test can be performed at the moment; after the fracturing test is finished, the drill rod is slowly lifted to enable the push-pull valve plug to be fully stretched, at the moment, under the friction resistance of the sealing ring in the sliding cavity of the built-in piston and the acting force of the prestress spring, the push-pull water-retaining pressure relief device is restored to an initial state, and pressure relief is completed when pressure water of the packer flows into a drilled hole.
Further, the push-pull water-retaining pressure relief device further comprises a drill rod interface which is used for being connected with a drill rod, a connecting cavity which is communicated with the built-in piston sliding cavity and the drill rod interface is arranged on the upper portion of the push-pull valve plug, and water flow of the drill rod can be led into the built-in piston sliding cavity through the drill rod by the connecting cavity, so that the built-in piston is pushed to move downwards.
Further, three groups of water outlets are formed in the upper, middle and lower cross sections of the side wall of the pull valve plug, namely a first water outlet of the side wall of the pull valve plug, a second water outlet of the side wall of the pull valve plug and a third water outlet of the side wall of the pull valve plug; a built-in piston side wall water outlet hole is formed in one cross section of the built-in piston, a second water outlet hole of the push-pull valve plug side wall and a third water outlet hole of the pull valve plug side wall are communicated with the built-in piston sliding cavity, and a first water outlet hole of the push-pull valve plug side wall is positioned at the upper part of the built-in piston and is not communicated with the piston sliding cavity; when the built-in push-pull valve plug stretches in an initial state, a water outlet hole on the side wall of the built-in piston and a second water outlet hole on the side wall of the push-pull valve plug are communicated with a packer fluid channel arranged on the main body, one end of the packer fluid channel is communicated with the second water outlet hole on the side wall of the push-pull valve plug, the other end of the packer fluid channel is communicated with an upper packer connecting oil pipe through an upper packer oil pipe interface, and the upper packer connecting oil pipe is connected with a rubber cylinder of an upper packer; the third water outlet hole on the side wall of the push-pull valve plug is communicated with a pressure relief fluid channel arranged on the main body, one end of the pressure relief fluid channel is communicated with the upper packer through the third water outlet hole on the side wall of the push-pull valve plug, the built-in piston sliding cavity, the water outlet hole on the side wall of the built-in piston, the second water outlet hole on the side wall of the push-pull valve plug and the packer fluid channel, and the other end of the pressure relief fluid channel is provided with a pressure relief hole check plate so as to be communicated with a drilling space, so that a pressure relief loop is formed; when the push-pull valve plug stretches under the pressurized state, the built-in piston slides downwards to seal the third water outlet hole on the side wall of the push-pull valve plug, so that the pressure release fluid channel is closed and a partition is formed between the pressure release fluid channel and the drilling space; after the seat is sealed, the drill rod slowly falls, the push-pull valve plug is closed under the action of the dead weight of the drill rod and the friction resistance of the packer, and the first water outlet hole on the side wall of the push-pull valve plug is communicated with the fluid channel of the central rod arranged on the main body.
Further, the main body is assembled by an upper main body and a lower main body.
The water-retaining pressure-releasing method suitable for the deep water drilling ground stress test is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
firstly, lifting a pipeline joint connected with a drill rod by a certain height by using a lifting system, so as to ensure that a push-pull valve plug in a push-pull water-retaining pressure relief device is in a stretched state and has enough travel space, and the push-pull water-retaining pressure relief device is in an initial state at the moment;
the second step, the high-pressure water pump gradually pressurizes to enable the built-in piston compression prestress spring to gradually slide downwards until the drill rod waterway is communicated with the packer fluid channel, the spring guide rod stretches into the piston limiter to control the compression path of the prestress spring, then the pressure is gradually increased to the appointed pressure, and the upper packer and the lower packer are inflated and tightly attached to the wall of the drill hole;
thirdly, operating the lifting system to enable the drill rod to slowly fall, after the push-pull valve plug of the water retention and pressure relief device is completely closed, balancing the dead weight of the full-water drill rod with friction resistance generated by the upper packer and the lower packer on the hole wall, and naturally stopping the drill rod from falling, wherein the piston limiter limits the movement of the built-in piston and pushes the built-in piston to the top of the built-in piston sliding cavity, and at the moment, water in the drill rod enters the central floral tube of the fracturing section through the first water outlet on the side wall of the push-pull valve plug, the central stem fluid channel, the water outlet of the piston limiter, the central pipe interface and the central pipe of the upper packer;
step four, pressurizing and data acquisition are carried out on the fracturing section through a high-pressure water pump in the state of the step three, after the data acquisition is completed, a lifting system is operated to slowly lift a drill rod until a push-pull valve plug in a push-pull water-retaining pressure relief device is in a complete stretching state, at the moment, a built-in piston seals a water head in the drill rod under the friction action of a push-pull valve plug sealing ring and the prestress action of a prestress spring, and pressure water in upper and lower packer capsules flows into a drilled hole along a packer fluid channel, a second water outlet hole on the side wall of the push-pull valve plug, a water outlet hole on the side wall of the built-in piston, a compression bin of the built-in piston sliding cavity and the pressure relief fluid channel, so that the purpose of pressure relief is achieved; restoring the initial state after the pressure of the upper packer and the lower packer is completely released;
and fifthly, by operating the lifting system and increasing and decreasing the drill rod moving testing device to the next testing section, the rapid and continuous testing of the next testing section can be realized by repeating the above processes.
The invention realizes the quick ground stress test of the deep water drilling with low cost and high efficiency by optimizing the test procedure and equipment combination, and has the following advantages: (1) The pressure of the packer can be quickly relieved without regard to the difference of the water heads inside and outside the drill rod in the test process; (2) The pressure relief test device can be continuously placed in the next set measuring section for repeated test without repeated drill lifting, so that the test time is greatly saved, and the risk of repeated drill lifting and drilling is reduced; (3) The water in the drill rod can be saved during pressure relief, so that the time required by water discharge and water injection of the drill rod is saved, and meanwhile, the on-site clean water consumption is greatly reduced; (4) The pressure release and fluid channel switching of the packer are integrated into one device, the structure is simple and practical, the testing efficiency can be improved, and the testing cost is reduced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a water retention and pressure relief device suitable for deep water level borehole ground stress testing;
FIG. 2 (a) is a schematic diagram of a transverse cross-sectional structure of a push-pull water-retention pressure relief device in an initial state after water injection according to the present invention;
fig. 2 (b) is a schematic diagram of a longitudinal section structure of the push-pull water-retention pressure relief device in an initial state after water injection;
FIG. 2 (c) is a schematic diagram of a transverse cross-sectional structure of a push-pull water retention and pressure relief device in the process of setting a packer according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 (d) is a schematic diagram of a longitudinal section structure of the push-pull water-retention pressure relief device in the fracturing process of the test section of the invention;
FIG. 2 (e) is a schematic diagram of the transverse cross-section structure of the push-pull water-retention pressure relief device in the fracturing process of the test section of the invention;
FIG. 2 (f) is a schematic diagram of a transverse cross-sectional structure of a push-pull water-retention pressure relief device in the pressure relief process of the packer of the invention;
FIG. 3 (a) is a schematic diagram of the sectional structure of the push-pull water-retention pressure relief device I-I' in the initial state after water injection;
FIG. 3 (b) is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the push-pull water-retention pressure relief device II-II' in the initial state after water injection.
In the figure: 1-a high-pressure water pump; 2-a data acquisition system; 3-a ground high-pressure water pipe; 4, a pressure gauge; 5-a water discharge ball valve; 6, a pipeline joint; 7, a hoisting system; 8, a drill rod; 9-pushing and pulling the water-retaining pressure-releasing device; 10-connecting an upper packer with an oil pipe; 11-ground water level; 12-upper packer; 13-connecting the upper packer and the lower packer with an oil pipe; 14-a central flowtube of the fracturing section; 15-lower packer;
9-1, a drill rod interface (water inlet); 9-2-pushing and pulling the valve plug; 9-3-upper body; 9-4, a sealing ring; 9-5, a first water outlet hole is formed in the side wall of the push-pull valve plug; 9-6-a lower body; 9-7-built-in pistons; 9-8—packer fluid passages; 9-9, a second water outlet hole is formed in the side wall of the push-pull valve plug; 9-10, arranging a water outlet hole on the side wall of the piston; 9-11, a third water outlet hole is formed in the side wall of the push-pull valve plug; 9-12, a decompression hole check plate; 9-13-pressure relief fluid passage; 9-14, a prestress spring; 9-15, a spring guide rod; 9-16, a piston limiter; 9-17, a piston limiter water outlet hole; 9-18, a central tube interface; 9-19-upper packer tubing interfaces; 9-20-central rod fluid channel; 9-21-a first annular groove water channel; 9-22 second annular groove water channel; 9-23, a compression bin with a built-in piston spring; 9-24-built-in piston sliding cavity.
Description of the embodiments
For the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Referring to fig. 1 to 3 (b), one embodiment of the water-retaining and pressure-releasing device suitable for deep water level borehole ground stress test of the present invention includes a push-pull water-retaining and pressure-releasing device, an upper packer 12 and a lower packer 15 located on the same vertical axis, a central pipe in the packer is completely sealed, and the centers of the upper packer 12 and the lower packer 15 are connected by a fracturing section central pipe 14; the center of the upper end of the upper packer 12 is connected with the center water outlet of the push-pull water-retaining and pressure-releasing device, the side water outlet (upper packer oil pipe joint 9-19) of the push-pull water-retaining and pressure-releasing device is communicated with the rubber cylinder of the upper packer 12 through a high-pressure water pipe (upper packer connecting oil pipe 10), the rubber cylinder of the upper packer 12 is communicated with the rubber cylinder of the lower packer 15 through a high-pressure water pipe (upper packer connecting oil pipe 13), the upper end of the push-pull water-retaining and pressure-releasing device is connected with the lower end of the waterproof drill rod 8, the upper end of the drill rod 8 is connected with the ground high-pressure water pipe 3 through a conversion joint, and the ground high-pressure water pipe 3 is connected with the ground high-pressure water pump 1.
The key of the invention is that the push-pull water-retaining pressure-releasing integrated device needs to confirm the drilling water level depth before testing, and then solves the problem of the stress of the built-in piston for preserving the drill rod water head. For deep drilling, assuming that the water level is 500m away from the orifice, the water head pressure generated by the water head difference between the inside and outside of the drill rod after water injection is 5MPa at the maximum, the built-in piston is required to balance the pressure of the water head in the drill rod under the common acting force of friction of the sealing ring and the prestress spring, so that the purpose of keeping the drill rod from losing water is achieved. The friction force of the sealing ring is mainly related to the size, the material and the number of the sealing ring, and the method mainly adopted in the method is to determine the sliding critical pressure of the built-in piston through repeated pressurization test, namely the maximum static friction force of the sealing ring on the piston. If the maximum static friction force generated by the sealing ring is smaller than the maximum water head pressure, a prestress spring is required to be additionally arranged to compensate the stress difference generated between the maximum water head pressure and the maximum static friction force, the pressure compensated by the spring can be calculated by F=K·DeltaX, wherein K is the spring stiffness coefficient (mainly related to the material, the length, the diameter, the total number of turns and the like of the spring), and DeltaX is the precompression displacement of the spring. And determining the stress conditions of the sealing ring and the spring according to the drilling water level, selecting the proper sealing ring and spring to meet the test conditions of certain deep water level drilling, and assembling the push-pull water retention and pressure relief device to start the test. The ground high-pressure water pipe 3 is provided with a pressure gauge 4 for monitoring pressure and a data acquisition system 2.
The push-pull water-retaining pressure relief device comprises a main body, a valve plug sliding cavity arranged on the main body, a push-pull valve plug 9-2 connected with a drill rod 8 and capable of moving up and down in the valve plug sliding cavity, wherein the main body comprises an upper main body 9-3 and a lower main body 9-6 which are assembled and formed, so that internal parts can be conveniently assembled and disassembled, and three groups of water outlets are formed in the upper cross section, the middle cross section and the lower cross section of the side wall of the push-pull valve plug 9-2, namely a first water outlet 9-5 of the side wall of the push-pull valve plug, a second water outlet 9-9 of the side wall of the push-pull valve plug and a third water outlet 9-11 of the side wall of the push-pull valve plug; the push-pull valve plug 9-2 is internally provided with a built-in piston sliding cavity 9-24 and a built-in piston 9-7 which can move up and down in the built-in piston sliding cavity 9-24 and is used for storing a drill rod water head, the upper part of the push-pull valve plug 9-2 is provided with a connecting cavity which is communicated with the built-in piston sliding cavity 9-24 and the drill rod connector 9-1, and the connecting cavity can guide water flow of the drill rod 8 into the built-in piston sliding cavity 9-24 through the drill rod 8 so as to push the built-in piston 9-7 to move downwards.
A group of water outlet holes (the water outlet holes 9-10 on the side wall of the built-in piston) are arranged on one cross section of the built-in piston 9-7. The second water outlet hole 9-9 of the side wall of the push-pull valve plug and the third water outlet hole 9-11 of the side wall of the push-pull valve plug are communicated with the built-in piston sliding cavity 9-24, and the first water outlet hole 9-5 of the side wall of the push-pull valve plug is positioned at the upper part of the built-in piston 9-7 and is not communicated with the piston sliding cavity 9-24.
The lower part of the built-in piston 9-2 is provided with a spring guide rod 9-15 and a prestress spring 9-14 sleeved on the spring guide rod 9-15, the prestress spring 9-14 is compressed in the downward sliding process of the built-in piston 9-2, and the spring guide rod 9-15 can extend into a piston limiter 9-16 fixed at the lower part of the central tube interface 9-18; sealing rings are arranged between the water outlet holes of the side walls at different positions, so that fluid can flow only from the water outlet holes and not flow on the surfaces of the side walls.
When the built-in push-pull valve plug 9-2 stretches in an initial state, a built-in piston side wall water outlet hole 9-10 and a push-pull valve plug side wall second water outlet hole 9-9 are communicated with a packer fluid channel 9-8 arranged on the main body, one end of the packer fluid channel 9-8 is communicated with the push-pull valve plug side wall second water outlet hole 9-9, and the other end of the packer fluid channel is communicated with an upper packer connecting oil pipe 10 through an upper packer oil pipe interface 9-19; the third water outlet hole 9-11 of the side wall of the push-pull valve plug is communicated with the pressure relief fluid channel 9-13 arranged on the main body, the second water outlet hole 9-9 of the side wall of the push-pull valve plug and the third water outlet hole 9-11 of the side wall of the push-pull valve plug are communicated with the built-in piston sliding cavity 9-24, one end of the pressure relief fluid channel 9-13 is communicated with the packer through the third water outlet hole 9-11 of the side wall of the push-pull valve plug, the built-in piston sliding cavity 9-24, the water outlet hole 9-10 of the side wall of the built-in piston, the second water outlet hole 9-9 of the side wall of the push-pull valve plug and the packer fluid channel 9-8, and the other end of the pressure relief fluid channel is provided with a pressure relief hole check plate 9-12 so as to be communicated with a drilling space, so that a pressure relief loop is formed;
when the push-pull valve plug 9-2 stretches under the pressurized state, the built-in piston 9-7 slides downwards to seal the third water outlet hole 9-11 on the side wall of the push-pull valve plug, the pressure relief fluid channel 9-13 is closed to form a partition with a drilling space, and the pressure water in the central channel of the drill rod 8 enters the upper packer 12 through the packer fluid channel 9-8 to achieve the purpose of setting; after the seat sealing is finished, the drill rod 8 slowly falls, under the action of the self weight of the drill rod 8 and the friction resistance of the packer, the push-pull valve plug 9-2 is closed, the first water outlet hole 9-5 on the side wall of the push-pull valve plug is communicated with the central rod fluid channel 9-20 of the main body, the outlet at the lower end of the central rod fluid channel 9-20 is connected with the central pipe joint 9-18, and the central pipe joint 9-18 is used as a central water outlet of the push-pull water-retaining pressure relief device to be connected with the center of the upper end of the upper packer 12, so that a fracturing test can be performed at the moment; after the fracturing test is completed, the drill stem 8 is slowly lifted to enable the push-pull valve plug 9-2 to be fully stretched, at the moment, under the friction resistance of the sealing ring in the built-in piston sliding cavity 9-24 and the acting force of the prestress spring 9-14, the push-pull water-retaining pressure relief device is restored to an initial state (namely a pressure relief loop is formed), and pressure relief of the packer pressure water is completed in a drilled hole.
The embodiment of the invention also provides a water-retaining and pressure-releasing method suitable for the deep water level borehole ground stress test, which is carried out by adopting the device, and comprises the following steps:
the preparation process comprises the following steps: firstly, connecting underground ground stress testing devices (components with the reference numbers of 9-15) on the ground according to the diagram shown in fig. 1, and then integrally hoisting the connected underground ground stress testing devices by using a hoisting system 7 and then placing the underground ground stress testing devices in an orifice; connecting the drill rod 8 to a push-pull water-retaining pressure relief device (9), and then continuously connecting the drill rod until the central flowtube 14 of the fracturing section is placed at a specified test depth; filling clear water into the drill rod 8, wherein the waterway in the drill rod 8 in an unpressurized state is not communicated with the packer based on the action of the push-pull water-retaining and pressure-releasing device 9; and finally, the high-pressure water pump 1, the data acquisition system 2, the pressure gauge 4 and the drain ball valve 5 are communicated with the upper end of the drill rod 8 through the pipeline connector 6 and the ground high-pressure water pipe 3 to form a complete test system.
The test procedure was as follows:
firstly, lifting a pipeline joint 6 connected with a drill rod 8 by using a lifting system 7 for about 1m, ensuring that a push-pull valve plug 9-2 in a push-pull water retention and pressure relief device 9 is in a stretched state and has enough travel space, wherein the state of the push-pull water retention and pressure relief device 9 is shown in fig. 2 (a) and 2 (b);
the second step, the high-pressure water pump 1 gradually pressurizes to enable the built-in piston 9-7 to compress the prestress spring 9-14 and gradually slide downwards until the drill rod waterway is communicated with the packer fluid channel 9-8, the spring guide rod 9-15 stretches into the piston limiter 9-16 to control the compression path of the prestress spring 9-14, and the state is shown in the figure 2 (c) at the moment; then gradually pressurizing to a specified pressure to expand the upper and lower packers (12, 15) and cling to the wall of the drilling hole;
thirdly, operating the lifting system 7 to enable the drill rod 8 to slowly fall, after the push-pull valve plug 9-2 of the water retention and pressure relief device is completely closed, balancing the dead weight of the full water drill rod 8 with friction resistance generated by the packers (12, 15) on the hole wall, so that the drill rod 8 naturally stops falling, at the moment, limiting the movement of the built-in piston 9-7 by the piston limiter 9-16 and pushing the built-in piston 9-7 to the top of the built-in piston sliding cavity 9-24, wherein the state of the push-pull water retention and pressure relief device (9) is shown as a figure 2 (d) and a figure 2 (e), and at the moment, water in the drill rod enters the central flower pipe 14 of the fracturing section through the push-pull valve plug side wall first water outlet hole 9-5, the central rod fluid channel 9-20, the piston limiter water outlet hole 9-17, the central pipe connector 9-18 and the central pipe of the upper packer 12;
step four, pressurizing the fracturing section through the high-pressure water pump 1 under the above state, and collecting data; after data acquisition is completed, the lifting system 7 is operated to slowly lift the drill rod 8 until the push-pull valve plug 9-2 in the push-pull water retention and pressure relief device is in a complete tensile state, at the moment, the built-in piston 9-7 seals the water head in the drill rod 8 under the friction action of the push-pull valve plug 9-2 sealing ring and the prestress action of the prestress spring 9-14, and the pressure water in the packer (12, 15) capsule flows into the drill hole along the packer fluid channel 9-8, the push-pull valve plug side wall second water outlet hole 9-9, the built-in piston side wall water outlet hole 9-10, the built-in piston spring compression bin 9-23, the built-in piston sliding cavity 9-24 and the pressure relief fluid channel 9-13 to achieve the purpose of pressure relief, and the state is shown in fig. 2 (f); the pressure relief hole check plates 9-12 play a role in unidirectional outflow of fluid, and prevent the turbid liquid in the holes from flowing backwards into the push-pull water-retaining pressure relief device 9 to cause the faults such as waterway blockage and the like; after the pressure release of the packers (12, 15) is complete, the packers can be restored to the initial state shown in fig. 2 (a);
and fifthly, the lifting system 7 is operated, the drill rod 8 is increased or decreased, the testing device is moved to the next testing section, and the rapid and continuous testing of the next testing section can be realized by repeating the above processes.
Fig. 3 (a) and fig. 3 (b) are schematic diagrams with two important cross sections, which are mainly used for supplementing the specific distribution situation of the fluid channels of the push-pull water-retaining and pressure-releasing device 9. In the figure, the fluid channels (packer fluid channels 9-8 and pressure relief channels 9-13), the side wall water outlet holes (9-9, 9-11) of the push-pull valve plug and the side wall water outlet holes (9-10) of the piston with the built-in valve plug are in the same axial state, and most probably the fluid channels and the side wall water outlet holes are not in the same axial state, and at the moment, the water outlet holes (9-9, 9-10, 9-11) are communicated with the fluid channels (9-8, 9-13) mainly through annular groove water channels (9-21, 9-22).
The method can greatly save time, labor and material resources investment, further generate obvious economic benefit, improve the efficiency of drilling test and reduce the test cost, and is simple to operate, low in equipment requirement and convenient for large-scale popularization and application.
The foregoing is merely illustrative embodiments of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited thereto, and any changes or substitutions that may be easily contemplated by those skilled in the art within the scope of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention should be subject to the protection scope of the claims.
Claims (5)
1. The water-retaining and pressure-releasing method is characterized by comprising a water-retaining and pressure-releasing device suitable for deep water level drilling ground stress test, wherein the water-retaining and pressure-releasing device suitable for deep water level drilling ground stress test comprises an upper packer and a lower packer which are arranged in a drilling hole, the centers of the upper packer and the lower packer are connected through a central perforated pipe of a fracturing section, the upper packer is communicated with a rubber cylinder of the lower packer through an upper packer connecting oil pipe and a lower packer connecting oil pipe, the water-retaining and pressure-releasing device also comprises a push-pull water-retaining and pressure-releasing device connected with the lower end of a drill rod, the push-pull water-retaining and pressure-releasing device comprises a main body, a valve plug sliding cavity of the main body, a packer fluid channel, a pressure-releasing fluid channel, a central rod fluid channel and a push-pull piston which is connected with the drill rod and can move up and down in the valve plug sliding cavity, a built-in piston sliding cavity and a built-in piston which can move up and down in the built-in piston sliding cavity are arranged in the push-pull valve plug, a pre-stress spring of the spring guide rod is arranged at the lower part of the built-in piston, a piston limiter fixed under the spring guide rod is arranged below the spring guide rod to limit the piston guide rod to limit the spring guide rod, the piston, the upper water-retaining device is connected with the upper end of the central pipe as follows:
firstly, lifting a pipeline joint connected with a drill rod by a certain height by using a lifting system, so as to ensure that a push-pull valve plug in a push-pull water-retaining pressure relief device is in a stretched state and has enough travel space, and the push-pull water-retaining pressure relief device is in an initial state at the moment;
the second step, the high-pressure water pump gradually pressurizes to enable the built-in piston compression prestress spring to gradually slide downwards until the drill rod waterway is communicated with the packer fluid channel, the spring guide rod stretches into the piston limiter to control the compression path of the prestress spring, then the pressure is gradually increased to the appointed pressure, and the upper packer and the lower packer are inflated and tightly attached to the wall of the drill hole;
thirdly, operating the lifting system to enable the drill rod to slowly fall, after the push-pull valve plug of the water retention and pressure relief device is completely closed, balancing the dead weight of the full-water drill rod with friction resistance generated by the upper packer and the lower packer on the hole wall, and naturally stopping the drill rod from falling, wherein the piston limiter limits the movement of the built-in piston and pushes the built-in piston to the top of the built-in piston sliding cavity, and at the moment, water in the drill rod enters the central floral tube of the fracturing section through the first water outlet on the side wall of the push-pull valve plug, the central stem fluid channel, the water outlet of the piston limiter, the central pipe interface and the central pipe of the upper packer;
step four, pressurizing and data acquisition are carried out on the fracturing section through a high-pressure water pump in the state of the step three, after the data acquisition is completed, a lifting system is operated to slowly lift a drill rod until a push-pull valve plug in a push-pull water-retaining pressure relief device is in a complete stretching state, at the moment, a built-in piston seals a water head in the drill rod under the friction action of a push-pull valve plug sealing ring and the prestress action of a prestress spring, and pressure water in upper and lower packer capsules flows into a drilled hole along a packer fluid channel, a second water outlet hole on the side wall of the push-pull valve plug, a water outlet hole on the side wall of the built-in piston, a compression bin of the built-in piston sliding cavity and the pressure relief fluid channel, so that the purpose of pressure relief is achieved; restoring the initial state after the pressure of the upper packer and the lower packer is completely released;
and fifthly, by operating the lifting system and increasing and decreasing the drill rod moving testing device to the next testing section, the rapid and continuous testing of the next testing section can be realized by repeating the above processes.
2. The water retention and pressure relief method suitable for deep water drilling ground stress test as claimed in claim 1, wherein: when the built-in push-pull valve plug stretches in an initial state, the rubber cylinder of the upper packer is communicated with the drill hole through the packer fluid channel, the built-in piston sliding cavity and the pressure relief fluid channel to form a pressure relief loop; when the push-pull valve plug is stretched in a pressurized state, the built-in piston slides downwards to close the pressure relief fluid channel to form a partition with a drilling space, and the pressure water in the central channel of the drill rod enters the upper packer through the packer fluid channel to achieve the purpose of setting; after the seat sealing is finished, slowly dropping the drill rod, closing the push-pull valve plug under the action of the dead weight of the drill rod and the friction resistance of the packer, and connecting the central channel pressure water of the drill rod with the central pipe through the central rod fluid channel, so that a fracturing test can be performed at the moment; after the fracturing test is finished, the drill rod is slowly lifted to enable the push-pull valve plug to be fully stretched, at the moment, under the friction resistance of the sealing ring in the sliding cavity of the built-in piston and the acting force of the prestress spring, the push-pull water-retaining pressure relief device is restored to an initial state, and pressure relief is completed when pressure water of the packer flows into a drilled hole.
3. The water retention and pressure relief method suitable for deep water drilling ground stress test as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the push-pull water-retaining pressure relief device further comprises a drill rod interface which is used for being connected with a drill rod, a connecting cavity which is communicated with the built-in piston sliding cavity and the drill rod interface is arranged on the upper portion of the push-pull valve plug, and water flow of the drill rod can be led into the built-in piston sliding cavity through the drill rod by the connecting cavity, so that the built-in piston is pushed to move downwards.
4. The water retention and pressure relief method suitable for deep water drilling ground stress test as claimed in claim 2, wherein: three groups of water outlets are formed in the upper cross section, the middle cross section and the lower cross section of the side wall of the pull valve plug, namely a first water outlet of the side wall of the push-pull valve plug, a second water outlet of the side wall of the push-pull valve plug and a third water outlet of the side wall of the push-pull valve plug; a built-in piston side wall water outlet hole is formed in one cross section of the built-in piston, a second water outlet hole of the push-pull valve plug side wall and a third water outlet hole of the pull valve plug side wall are communicated with the built-in piston sliding cavity, and a first water outlet hole of the push-pull valve plug side wall is positioned at the upper part of the built-in piston and is not communicated with the piston sliding cavity;
when the built-in push-pull valve plug stretches in an initial state, a water outlet hole on the side wall of the built-in piston and a second water outlet hole on the side wall of the push-pull valve plug are communicated with a packer fluid channel arranged on the main body, one end of the packer fluid channel is communicated with the second water outlet hole on the side wall of the push-pull valve plug, the other end of the packer fluid channel is communicated with an upper packer connecting oil pipe through an upper packer oil pipe interface, and the upper packer connecting oil pipe is connected with a rubber cylinder of an upper packer; the third water outlet hole on the side wall of the push-pull valve plug is communicated with a pressure relief fluid channel arranged on the main body, one end of the pressure relief fluid channel is communicated with the upper packer through the third water outlet hole on the side wall of the push-pull valve plug, the built-in piston sliding cavity, the water outlet hole on the side wall of the built-in piston, the second water outlet hole on the side wall of the push-pull valve plug and the packer fluid channel, and the other end of the pressure relief fluid channel is provided with a pressure relief hole check plate so as to be communicated with a drilling space, so that a pressure relief loop is formed;
when the push-pull valve plug stretches under the pressurized state, the built-in piston slides downwards to seal the third water outlet hole on the side wall of the push-pull valve plug, so that the pressure release fluid channel is closed and a partition is formed between the pressure release fluid channel and the drilling space; after the seat is sealed, the drill rod slowly falls, the push-pull valve plug is closed under the action of the dead weight of the drill rod and the friction resistance of the packer, and the first water outlet hole on the side wall of the push-pull valve plug is communicated with the fluid channel of the central rod arranged on the main body.
5. The water retention and pressure relief method suitable for deep water drilling ground stress test as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the main body is assembled by an upper main body and a lower main body.
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| CN113309508B (en) * | 2021-07-06 | 2022-04-01 | 中国地质科学院地质力学研究所 | Ground stress testing equipment and testing method applied to water burst of drill hole opening |
| CN113445997A (en) * | 2021-08-06 | 2021-09-28 | 应急管理部国家自然灾害防治研究院 | High-pressure sealing simulation device of underground packing system and using method thereof |
| CN116818545B (en) * | 2023-08-29 | 2023-11-14 | 中国电建集团北京勘测设计研究院有限公司 | Pressure-relief water drainage system and method for hydraulic fracturing ground stress test die device |
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