CN113027405B - Hydraulic fracturing construction method for heterogeneous stratum - Google Patents
Hydraulic fracturing construction method for heterogeneous stratum Download PDFInfo
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- CN113027405B CN113027405B CN202110338327.XA CN202110338327A CN113027405B CN 113027405 B CN113027405 B CN 113027405B CN 202110338327 A CN202110338327 A CN 202110338327A CN 113027405 B CN113027405 B CN 113027405B
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- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 74
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 83
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 53
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 57
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 33
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 22
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000005755 formation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- LPXPTNMVRIOKMN-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium nitrite Chemical group [Na+].[O-]N=O LPXPTNMVRIOKMN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 16
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N citric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)(C(O)=O)CC(O)=O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- GSEJCLTVZPLZKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Triethanolamine Chemical compound OCCN(CCO)CCO GSEJCLTVZPLZKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- VSCWAEJMTAWNJL-UHFFFAOYSA-K aluminium trichloride Chemical compound Cl[Al](Cl)Cl VSCWAEJMTAWNJL-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 11
- CMOAHYOGLLEOGO-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxozirconium;dihydrochloride Chemical compound Cl.Cl.[Zr]=O CMOAHYOGLLEOGO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- HRPVXLWXLXDGHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acrylamide Chemical compound NC(=O)C=C HRPVXLWXLXDGHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000010907 mechanical stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- USHAGKDGDHPEEY-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium persulfate Chemical group [K+].[K+].[O-]S(=O)(=O)OOS([O-])(=O)=O USHAGKDGDHPEEY-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 8
- 235000010288 sodium nitrite Nutrition 0.000 claims description 8
- SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-methoxy-5-methylphenyl)ethanamine Chemical compound COC1=CC=C(C)C=C1CCN SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Propenoic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- DZSVIVLGBJKQAP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-(2-methyl-5-propan-2-ylcyclohex-2-en-1-yl)propan-1-one Chemical compound CCC(=O)C1CC(C(C)C)CC=C1C DZSVIVLGBJKQAP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003995 emulsifying agent Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003999 initiator Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011837 N,N-methylenebisacrylamide Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- ZIUHHBKFKCYYJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N n,n'-methylenebisacrylamide Chemical compound C=CC(=O)NCNC(=O)C=C ZIUHHBKFKCYYJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methacrylic acid Chemical compound CC(=C)C(O)=O CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- NWGKJDSIEKMTRX-AAZCQSIUSA-N Sorbitan monooleate Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC(=O)OC[C@@H](O)[C@H]1OC[C@H](O)[C@H]1O NWGKJDSIEKMTRX-AAZCQSIUSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- LWZFANDGMFTDAV-BURFUSLBSA-N [(2r)-2-[(2r,3r,4s)-3,4-dihydroxyoxolan-2-yl]-2-hydroxyethyl] dodecanoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OC[C@@H](O)[C@H]1OC[C@H](O)[C@H]1O LWZFANDGMFTDAV-BURFUSLBSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000011067 sorbitan monolaureate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- -1 op-4 Chemical compound 0.000 claims 1
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 18
- 239000004034 viscosity adjusting agent Substances 0.000 description 18
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 7
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 7
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 7
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000008346 aqueous phase Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910001873 dinitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 238000005429 filling process Methods 0.000 description 6
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229940051841 polyoxyethylene ether Drugs 0.000 description 6
- 229920000056 polyoxyethylene ether Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 230000001603 reducing effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/25—Methods for stimulating production
- E21B43/26—Methods for stimulating production by forming crevices or fractures
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K8/00—Compositions for drilling of boreholes or wells; Compositions for treating boreholes or wells, e.g. for completion or for remedial operations
- C09K8/60—Compositions for stimulating production by acting on the underground formation
- C09K8/62—Compositions for forming crevices or fractures
- C09K8/66—Compositions based on water or polar solvents
- C09K8/665—Compositions based on water or polar solvents containing inorganic compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K8/00—Compositions for drilling of boreholes or wells; Compositions for treating boreholes or wells, e.g. for completion or for remedial operations
- C09K8/60—Compositions for stimulating production by acting on the underground formation
- C09K8/62—Compositions for forming crevices or fractures
- C09K8/66—Compositions based on water or polar solvents
- C09K8/68—Compositions based on water or polar solvents containing organic compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K8/00—Compositions for drilling of boreholes or wells; Compositions for treating boreholes or wells, e.g. for completion or for remedial operations
- C09K8/60—Compositions for stimulating production by acting on the underground formation
- C09K8/84—Compositions based on water or polar solvents
- C09K8/86—Compositions based on water or polar solvents containing organic compounds
- C09K8/88—Compositions based on water or polar solvents containing organic compounds macromolecular compounds
- C09K8/882—Compositions based on water or polar solvents containing organic compounds macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K2208/00—Aspects relating to compositions of drilling or well treatment fluids
- C09K2208/28—Friction or drag reducing additives
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
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- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Lubricants (AREA)
- Soil Conditioners And Soil-Stabilizing Materials (AREA)
Abstract
The application discloses a hydraulic fracturing construction method for a heterogeneous stratum, belongs to the technical field of oil and gas exploitation equipment and construction, and solves the problems that in the prior art, the brittleness index of the heterogeneous stratum is obviously changed, and the construction cost is high, the occupied space is large and the construction quality is influenced by adopting a method of alternately pumping slickwater and linear glue. The application comprises the following steps: a: continuously mixing and integrating into a viscosity-changing fracturing fluid; b: the integrated variable viscosity fracturing fluid is used for fracturing construction of stratum; c: in the fracturing process, changing the viscosity of the integrated variable viscosity fracturing fluid according to the brittleness index of the corresponding stratum, so that the viscosity is adapted to the brittleness index of the stratum; d: and sequentially completing the fracturing construction of each stratum. According to the application, the viscosity of the fracturing fluid is changed by changing the addition amount of the variable-temperature variable-viscosity resistance reducing agent in the integrated variable-viscosity fracturing fluid, so that the conversion between slickwater and linear glue is realized, the occupied space is saved, the construction quality is improved, and the fracturing fluid is suitable for the fracturing construction of heterogeneous stratum.
Description
Technical Field
The application belongs to the technical field of oil and gas exploitation equipment and construction, and particularly relates to a hydraulic fracturing construction method for heterogeneous strata.
Background
Hydraulic fracturing operation is an important construction operation mode for modifying shale stratum and exploiting shale gas. Depending on the shale gas reservoir rock properties, different fracturing systems need to be selected. Low viscosity slickwater systems are often used for formations with higher brittleness index; frac construction is typically performed using linear glue for formations with lower friability indices. The rock performance of the stratum is very complex, the brittleness index is not a constant value, but a range of values, generally ranging from 20% to 80%, and the change of the brittleness index is more obvious for the heterogeneous stratum, so that the method is particularly important in the selection of fracturing fluid.
In the prior art, the fracturing construction of heterogeneous stratum is generally performed by adopting a mode of alternately pumping slickwater and linear glue. On one hand, a large number of slickwater storage tanks and linear glue storage tanks are required to be configured on a construction site, so that a large amount of space is occupied, and the site operation is inconvenient. On the other hand, the linear adhesive needs to be configured in advance, and the construction of the last section of the previous day and the construction of the first section of the next day are usually separated by more than 12 hours, at this time, the linear adhesive which is prepared in advance is always stored in the liquid tank, and the quality of the linear adhesive which is prepared in advance can be reduced along with the lengthening of the time in the liquid tank due to the reason that a great amount of flowback liquid is used, and meanwhile, the quality of the linear adhesive which is prepared in advance cannot be adjusted again in the liquid tank, so that the construction quality can be influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems of obvious brittle index change of a heterogeneous stratum in the prior art, high construction cost, large occupied space and influence on construction quality by adopting a method of alternately pumping and injecting slickwater and linear glue, the application provides a hydraulic fracturing construction method for the heterogeneous stratum, which aims at: the viscosity of the fracturing fluid is regulated, so that the fracturing fluid can realize the conversion of slickwater and linear glue, thereby improving the construction quality and reducing the cost.
The technical scheme adopted by the application is as follows:
a hydraulic fracturing construction method for heterogeneous formations, comprising the steps of:
a: continuously mixing and integrating into a viscosity-changing fracturing fluid;
b: continuously supplying the integrated variable viscosity fracturing fluid to a fracturing truck for fracturing construction of the stratum;
c: in the fracturing construction process, the viscosity of the integrated variable viscosity fracturing fluid is changed according to the brittleness index of the corresponding stratum, so that the viscosity of the integrated variable viscosity fracturing fluid is adapted to the brittleness index of the stratum;
d: and sequentially completing the fracturing construction of each stratum.
Preferably, the preparation method of the integrated variable viscosity fracturing fluid in the step A comprises the following steps:
a1: preparing a viscosity regulator;
a2: 10-30 parts of acrylamide, 1-15 parts of functional monomer and 30-60 parts of water are weighed, mixed and stirred until the acrylamide is completely dissolved, then transferred into a reaction container with mechanical stirring, stirred and introduced with inert gas, and air is removed;
a3: weighing 25-50 parts by weight of oil and 1-5 parts by weight of emulsifier, and uniformly stirring to obtain an intermediate A; then dripping the intermediate A into a reaction container, controlling the dripping speed within 30min, and continuing stirring for 20-40 min after dripping;
a4: adding 0.02-0.2 weight part of initiator to react for 4-6 h;
a5: adding 0.01 to 0.03 weight part of chain terminator, and reacting for 0.5 to 1.5 hours to obtain a resistance reducing agent pre-use product;
a6: adding 1-2 parts by weight of viscosity regulator and 0.1-1 parts by weight of pH regulator into a pre-use product of the resistance reducing agent, and stirring for 20-40 min to obtain a variable-temperature variable-viscosity resistance reducing agent;
a7: and preparing the integrated variable viscosity fracturing fluid by adopting a variable temperature variable viscosity resistance reducing agent.
Preferably, the viscosity modifier comprises, in parts by weight: 10-25 parts of zirconium oxychloride, 10-20 parts of aluminum trichloride, 1-10 parts of glycerol, 5-15 parts of triethanolamine and 30-60 parts of clear water, wherein the preparation method of the viscosity regulator comprises the following steps of:
a1.1: dissolving zirconium oxychloride and aluminum trichloride in clear water, and uniformly stirring to obtain a solution a;
a1.2: adding glycerol into the solution a, and stirring for 20-40 min to obtain a solution b;
a1.3: adding triethanolamine into the solution b, and stirring for 0.5-1.5 h to obtain the viscosity regulator.
Preferably, the functional monomer is one or more of acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, n-methylene bisacrylamide and 2-acrylamide-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid.
Preferably, the oil is one or more of 3# white oil, 5# white oil, 15# white oil and 26# white oil.
Preferably, the initiator is potassium persulfate.
Preferably, the emulsifier is one or more of Span 20, span 80, op-4 and SDS.
Preferably, the chain terminator is sodium nitrite.
Preferably, the pH regulator is one or more of citric acid and acetic acid.
Preferably, the method for changing the viscosity of the integrated variable viscosity fracturing fluid in the step C is to adjust the temperature of the integrated variable viscosity fracturing fluid or adjust the addition amount of the variable temperature variable viscosity resistance reducing agent.
Preferably, the continuous blending and integrating variable viscosity fracturing fluid in the step A is carried out in a sand mixing vehicle.
In summary, due to the adoption of the technical scheme, the beneficial effects of the application are as follows:
1. according to the application, the viscosity of the fracturing fluid can be changed by changing the addition amount of the variable-temperature variable-viscosity resistance reducing agent in the integrated variable-viscosity fracturing fluid, so that the fracturing fluid can be converted between slickwater and linear adhesive, and the effect of slickwater and linear adhesive can be achieved by one fracturing fluid. The application cancels the original linear adhesive storage tank, saves the occupied space and is convenient for operation.
2. The application adopts a continuous blending construction process, does not need to be prepared in advance, can be used along with the preparation, can ensure the quality of the well-entering liquid to the greatest extent, and eliminates the risk hidden trouble of unstable quality of the fracturing liquid caused by longer construction interval time compared with the prior art.
3. Compared with the prior art, the application has greatly reduced equipment, labor and time costs, wherein 2 liquid distribution vehicles, 10 liquid tanks, 4 operators and preparation time before construction are reduced.
4. The slick water prepared by the variable-temperature variable-viscosity friction reducing agent for fracturing is always at room temperature before entering the stratum, so that the slick water maintains a low-viscosity state, and has the friction reducing effect of the friction reducing agent.
5. After entering the stratum, the slick water prepared by the variable-temperature variable-viscosity resistance reducing agent for fracturing can delay the increase of viscosity according to the different temperatures of the stratum. For the stratum with higher brittleness index, the viscosity of the fracturing fluid is reduced by reducing the temperature of the fracturing fluid or reducing the addition amount of the resistance reducing agent; for the stratum with low brittleness index, the viscosity of the fracturing fluid is increased by increasing the temperature of the fracturing fluid or increasing the addition amount of the resistance reducing agent, so that the dynamic change of the viscosity of the fracturing fluid in construction is realized, different construction working conditions are adapted, and the stratum transformation effect is improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a resistivity-lowering curve of a friction reducer of the present application;
FIG. 2 is a graph showing the resistivity of a conventional friction reducer.
Detailed Description
For the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application more apparent, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present application, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present application, not all embodiments. The components of the embodiments of the present application generally described and illustrated in the figures herein may be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations. Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the application, as presented in the figures, is not intended to limit the scope of the application, as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the application. All other embodiments, which can be made by a person skilled in the art without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the present application.
In describing embodiments of the present application, it should be noted that the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc. refer to an azimuth or a positional relationship based on that shown in the drawings, or that the inventive product is conventionally put in place when used, merely for convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the apparatus or elements referred to must have a specific azimuth, be configured and operated in a specific azimuth, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present application. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," "third," and the like are used merely to distinguish between descriptions and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
The present application is described in detail below with reference to fig. 1.
Example 1
A hydraulic fracturing construction method for heterogeneous formations, comprising the steps of:
a: continuously mixing and integrating into a viscosity-changing fracturing fluid;
b: continuously supplying the integrated variable viscosity fracturing fluid to a fracturing truck for fracturing construction of the stratum;
c: in the fracturing construction process, the viscosity of the integrated variable viscosity fracturing fluid is changed according to the brittleness index of the corresponding stratum, so that the viscosity of the integrated variable viscosity fracturing fluid is adapted to the brittleness index of the stratum;
d: and sequentially completing the fracturing construction of each stratum.
In this embodiment, the preparation method of the integrated variable viscosity fracturing fluid in the step a includes the following steps:
a1: preparing a viscosity regulator;
a2: preparing an aqueous phase: weighing 40 parts by weight of water, 20 parts by weight of acrylamide and 10 parts by weight of acrylic acid, stirring until the components are completely dissolved, transferring the components into a reaction container with mechanical stirring, starting stirring, introducing nitrogen for 30min, and removing air in a reaction system;
a3: during the nitrogen gas filling process, an oil phase is prepared: weighing 10 parts of 5# white oil, 16 parts of 15# white oil, 1 part of OP-4 (octylphenol polyoxyethylene ether) and 1 part of SDS, and uniformly stirring to obtain an intermediate A; then slowly dripping the intermediate A into the S2 reaction system, controlling the dripping speed within 30min, and continuing stirring for 30min;
a4: adding 0.1 part by weight of potassium persulfate, and reacting for 5 hours;
a5: adding 0.02 weight part of sodium nitrite, and reacting for 1h to obtain a resistance reducing agent pre-use product;
a6: adding 1.5 parts by weight of viscosity modifier and 0.5 part by weight of citric acid into a pre-use product of the resistance reducing agent, and stirring for 30min to obtain a variable-temperature variable-viscosity resistance reducing agent for fracturing;
a7: and preparing the integrated variable viscosity fracturing fluid by adopting a variable temperature variable viscosity resistance reducing agent.
In this embodiment, the viscosity modifier includes, in parts by weight: 10-25 parts of zirconium oxychloride, 10-20 parts of aluminum trichloride, 1-10 parts of glycerol, 5-15 parts of triethanolamine and 30-60 parts of clear water, wherein the preparation method of the viscosity regulator comprises the following steps of:
a1.1: dissolving 10 parts by weight of zirconium oxychloride and 15 parts by weight of aluminum trichloride in 57 parts by weight of clear water, and uniformly stirring to obtain a solution a;
a1.2: adding 8 parts by weight of glycerol into the solution a, and stirring for 20min to obtain a solution b;
a1.3: 10 parts by weight of triethanolamine was added to the solution b, and the mixture was stirred for 1 hour to obtain a viscosity modifier.
In this example, the stirring speed was 500r/min, and it was preferable that the reaction system was swirling and did not splash. And (C) continuously mixing the integrated variable viscosity fracturing fluid in the step A in a sand mixing vehicle.
Example 2
A hydraulic fracturing construction method for heterogeneous formations, comprising the steps of:
a: continuously mixing and integrating into a viscosity-changing fracturing fluid;
b: continuously supplying the integrated variable viscosity fracturing fluid to a fracturing truck for fracturing construction of the stratum;
c: in the fracturing construction process, the viscosity of the integrated variable viscosity fracturing fluid is changed according to the brittleness index of the corresponding stratum, so that the viscosity of the integrated variable viscosity fracturing fluid is adapted to the brittleness index of the stratum;
d: and sequentially completing the fracturing construction of each stratum.
In this embodiment, the preparation method of the integrated variable viscosity fracturing fluid in the step a includes the following steps:
a1: preparing a viscosity regulator;
a2: preparing an aqueous phase: weighing 30 parts by weight of water, 10 parts by weight of acrylamide and 5 parts by weight of acrylic acid, stirring until the components are completely dissolved, transferring the components into a reaction container with mechanical stirring, starting stirring, introducing nitrogen for 30min, and removing air in a reaction system;
a3: during the nitrogen gas filling process, an oil phase is prepared: weighing 10 parts by weight of 3# white oil, 20 parts by weight of 15# white oil, 2 parts by weight of OP-4 (octylphenol polyoxyethylene ether) and 1 part by weight of SDS, and uniformly stirring to obtain an intermediate A; then slowly dripping the intermediate A into the reaction system in the step S2, controlling the dripping speed within 30min, and continuously stirring for 30min after the dripping is finished;
a4: adding 0.02 weight part of potassium persulfate, and reacting for 4 hours;
a5: adding 0.01 part by weight of sodium nitrite, and reacting for 1h to obtain a resistance reducing agent pre-use product;
a6: adding 1 weight part of viscosity regulator and 0.1 weight part of acetic acid into the pre-use product of the resistance reducing agent, and stirring for 30min to obtain the variable-temperature variable-viscosity resistance reducing agent for fracturing;
a7: and adding a variable-temperature variable-viscosity resistance reducing agent and other raw materials into the sand mixing vehicle to prepare the integrated variable-viscosity fracturing fluid. The other raw materials are the raw materials for preparing the fracturing fluid commonly used in the prior art.
In this embodiment, the preparation method of the viscosity modifier includes the following steps:
a1.1: dissolving 10 parts by weight of zirconium oxychloride and 10 parts by weight of aluminum trichloride in 30 parts by weight of clear water, and uniformly stirring to obtain a solution a;
a1.3: adding 1 part by weight of glycerol into the solution a, and stirring for 30min to obtain a solution b;
a1.3: to the solution b, 5 parts by weight of triethanolamine was added and stirred for 1 hour to obtain a viscosity modifier.
In this example, the stirring speed was 500r/min, and it was preferable that the reaction system was swirling and did not splash.
Example 3
A hydraulic fracturing construction method for heterogeneous formations, comprising the steps of:
a: continuously mixing and integrating into a viscosity-changing fracturing fluid;
b: continuously supplying the integrated variable viscosity fracturing fluid to a fracturing truck for fracturing construction of the stratum;
c: in the fracturing construction process, the viscosity of the integrated variable viscosity fracturing fluid is changed according to the brittleness index of the corresponding stratum, so that the viscosity of the integrated variable viscosity fracturing fluid is adapted to the brittleness index of the stratum;
d: and sequentially completing the fracturing construction of each stratum.
In this embodiment, the preparation method of the integrated variable viscosity fracturing fluid in the step a includes the following steps:
a1: preparing a viscosity regulator;
a2: preparing an aqueous phase: weighing 50 parts by weight of water, 30 parts by weight of acrylamide and 15 parts by weight of acrylic acid, stirring until the components are completely dissolved, transferring the components into a reaction container with mechanical stirring, starting stirring, introducing nitrogen for 30min, and removing air in a reaction system;
a3: during the nitrogen gas filling process, an oil phase is prepared: 15 parts by weight of 5# white oil, 20 parts by weight of 26# white oil, 2 parts by weight of OP-4 (octylphenol polyoxyethylene ether) and 2 parts by weight of SDS are weighed and stirred uniformly to obtain an intermediate A; then slowly dripping the intermediate A into the reaction system in the step S2, controlling the dripping speed within 30min, and continuously stirring for 30min after the dripping is finished;
a4: adding 0.2 part by weight of potassium persulfate, and reacting for 6 hours;
a5: adding 0.03 weight part of sodium nitrite, and reacting for 1.5 hours to obtain a resistance reducing agent pre-use product;
a6: adding 2 parts by weight of viscosity modifier and 1 part by weight of citric acid into a pre-use product of the resistance reducing agent, and stirring for 40min to obtain a variable-temperature variable-viscosity resistance reducing agent for fracturing;
a7: adding a variable-temperature variable-viscosity resistance reducing agent and other raw materials into the sand mixing vehicle to prepare an integrated variable-viscosity fracturing fluid;
in this embodiment, the preparation method of the viscosity modifier includes the following steps:
s1.1: dissolving 20 parts by weight of zirconium oxychloride and 15 parts by weight of aluminum trichloride in 60 parts by weight of clear water, and uniformly stirring to obtain a solution a;
s1.2: adding 10 parts by weight of glycerol into the solution a, and stirring for 30min to obtain a solution b;
s1.3: 15 parts by weight of triethanolamine was added to the solution b, and the mixture was stirred for 1 hour to obtain a viscosity modifier.
In this example, the stirring speed was 500r/min, and it was preferable that the reaction system was swirling and did not splash.
Example 4
A hydraulic fracturing construction method for heterogeneous formations, comprising the steps of:
a: continuously mixing and integrating into a viscosity-changing fracturing fluid;
b: continuously supplying the integrated variable viscosity fracturing fluid to a fracturing truck for fracturing construction of the stratum;
c: in the fracturing construction process, the viscosity of the integrated variable viscosity fracturing fluid is changed according to the brittleness index of the corresponding stratum, so that the viscosity of the integrated variable viscosity fracturing fluid is adapted to the brittleness index of the stratum;
d: and sequentially completing the fracturing construction of each stratum.
In this embodiment, the preparation method of the integrated variable viscosity fracturing fluid in the step a includes the following steps:
a1: preparing a viscosity regulator;
a2: preparing an aqueous phase: weighing 40 parts of water, 20 parts of acrylamide and 10 parts of n, n-methylene bisacrylamide according to a proportion, stirring until the mixture is completely dissolved, transferring the mixture into a reaction container with mechanical stirring, starting stirring, introducing nitrogen for 30min, and removing air in a reaction system;
a3: during the nitrogen gas filling process, an oil phase is prepared: weighing 10 parts by weight of 5# white oil, 16 parts by weight of 15# white oil, 1 part by weight of OP-4 (octylphenol polyoxyethylene ether) and 1 part by weight of SDS, and uniformly stirring to obtain an intermediate A; then slowly dripping the intermediate A into the reaction system in the step S2, controlling the dripping speed within 30min, and continuously stirring for 30min after the dripping is finished;
a4: adding 0.15 weight part of potassium persulfate into the reaction system for reaction for 5 hours;
a5: adding 0.03 weight part of sodium nitrite into the reaction system, and reacting for 1h to obtain a resistance reducing agent pre-use product;
a6: adding 1.5 parts by weight of viscosity modifier and 0.5 part by weight of citric acid into a pre-use product of the resistance reducing agent, and stirring for 30min to obtain a variable-temperature variable-viscosity resistance reducing agent for fracturing;
a7: and adding a variable-temperature variable-viscosity resistance reducing agent and other raw materials into the sand mixing vehicle to prepare the integrated variable-viscosity fracturing fluid.
In this embodiment, the preparation method of the viscosity modifier includes the following steps:
s1.1: dissolving 10 parts by weight of zirconium oxychloride and 15 parts by weight of aluminum trichloride in 57 parts by weight of clear water, and uniformly stirring to obtain a solution a;
s1.2: adding 8 parts by weight of glycerol into the solution a, and stirring for 30min to obtain a solution b;
s1.3: 10 parts by weight of triethanolamine was added to the solution b, and the mixture was stirred for 1 hour to obtain a viscosity modifier.
In this example, the stirring speed was 500r/min, and it was preferable that the reaction system was swirling and did not splash.
Example 5
A hydraulic fracturing construction method for heterogeneous formations, comprising the steps of:
a: continuously mixing and integrating into a viscosity-changing fracturing fluid;
b: continuously supplying the integrated variable viscosity fracturing fluid to a fracturing truck for fracturing construction of the stratum;
c: in the fracturing construction process, the viscosity of the integrated variable viscosity fracturing fluid is changed according to the brittleness index of the corresponding stratum, so that the viscosity of the integrated variable viscosity fracturing fluid is adapted to the brittleness index of the stratum;
d: and sequentially completing the fracturing construction of each stratum.
In this embodiment, the preparation method of the integrated variable viscosity fracturing fluid in the step a includes the following steps:
a1: preparing a viscosity regulator;
a2: preparing an aqueous phase: weighing 40 parts of water, 20 parts of acrylamide and 10 parts of 2-acrylamide-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid according to a proportion, stirring until the components are completely dissolved, transferring the components into a reaction container with mechanical stirring, starting stirring, introducing nitrogen for 30min, and removing air in a reaction system;
a3: during the nitrogen gas filling process, an oil phase is prepared: weighing 20 parts by weight of 3# white oil, 30 parts by weight of 26# white oil, 1 part by weight of OP-4 (octylphenol polyoxyethylene ether) and 1 part by weight of SDS, and uniformly stirring to obtain an intermediate A; then slowly dripping the intermediate A into the reaction system in the step S2, controlling the dripping speed within 30min, and continuously stirring for 30min after the dripping is finished;
a4: adding 0.2 part by weight of potassium persulfate into the reaction system, and reacting for 5 hours;
a5: adding 0.03 weight part of sodium nitrite into the reaction system, and reacting for 1h to obtain a resistance reducing agent pre-use product;
a6: adding 1.5 parts by weight of viscosity modifier and 0.5 part by weight of acetic acid into a pre-use product of the resistance reducing agent, and stirring for 30min to obtain a variable-temperature variable-viscosity resistance reducing agent for fracturing;
a7: adding a variable-temperature variable-viscosity resistance reducing agent and other raw materials into the sand mixing vehicle to prepare an integrated variable-viscosity fracturing fluid;
in this embodiment, the preparation method of the viscosity modifier includes the following steps:
s1.1: dissolving 25 parts by weight of zirconium oxychloride and 20 parts by weight of aluminum trichloride in 60 parts by weight of clear water, and uniformly stirring to obtain a solution a;
s1.2: adding 5 parts by weight of glycerol into the solution a, and stirring for 30min to obtain a solution b;
s1.3: 10 parts by weight of triethanolamine was added to the solution b, and the mixture was stirred for 1 hour to obtain a viscosity modifier.
In this example, the stirring speed was 500r/min, and it was preferable that the reaction system was swirling and did not splash.
Example 6
A hydraulic fracturing construction method for heterogeneous formations, comprising the steps of:
a: continuously mixing and integrating into a viscosity-changing fracturing fluid;
b: continuously supplying the integrated variable viscosity fracturing fluid to a fracturing truck for fracturing construction of the stratum;
c: in the fracturing construction process, the viscosity of the integrated variable viscosity fracturing fluid is changed according to the brittleness index of the corresponding stratum, so that the viscosity of the integrated variable viscosity fracturing fluid is adapted to the brittleness index of the stratum;
d: and sequentially completing the fracturing construction of each stratum.
In this embodiment, the preparation method of the integrated variable viscosity fracturing fluid in the step a includes the following steps:
a1: preparing a viscosity regulator;
a2: preparing an aqueous phase: 40 parts by weight of water, 20 parts by weight of acrylamide, 5 parts by weight of acrylic acid, 3 parts by weight of n, n-methylene bisacrylamide and 2 parts by weight of 2-acrylamide-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid are weighed according to the proportion, stirred until the components are completely dissolved, transferred into a reaction container with mechanical stirring, stirred and introduced with nitrogen for 30min, and air in a reaction system is discharged;
a3: during the nitrogen gas filling process, an oil phase is prepared: weighing 10 parts by weight of 5# white oil, 20 parts by weight of 3# white oil, 2 parts by weight of OP-4 (octylphenol polyoxyethylene ether) and 3 parts by weight of SDS, and uniformly stirring to obtain an intermediate A; then slowly dripping the intermediate A into the reaction system in the step S2, controlling the dripping speed within 30min, and continuously stirring for 30min after the dripping is finished;
a4: adding 0.1 part by weight of potassium persulfate into the reaction system, and reacting for 5 hours;
a5: adding 0.02 weight part of sodium nitrite into the reaction system, and reacting for 1h to obtain a resistance reducing agent pre-use product;
a6: adding 1.5 parts by weight of viscosity modifier and 0.5 part by weight of acetic acid into a pre-use product of the resistance reducing agent, and stirring for 30min to obtain a variable-temperature variable-viscosity resistance reducing agent for fracturing;
a7: and adding a variable-temperature variable-viscosity resistance reducing agent and other raw materials into the sand mixing vehicle to prepare the integrated variable-viscosity fracturing fluid.
In this embodiment, the preparation method of the viscosity modifier includes the following steps:
s1.1: dissolving 10 parts by weight of zirconium oxychloride and 15 parts by weight of aluminum trichloride in 40 parts by weight of clear water, and uniformly stirring to obtain a solution a;
s1.2: adding 8 parts by weight of glycerol into the solution a, and stirring for 30min to obtain a solution b;
s1.3: 10 parts by weight of triethanolamine was added to the solution b, and the mixture was stirred for 1 hour to obtain a viscosity modifier.
In this example, the stirring speed was 500r/min, and it was preferable that the reaction system was swirling and did not splash.
TABLE 1
Table 1 shows the viscosity of the fracturing fluid at various temperatures and at various additive levels of the friction reducing agent. As can be seen from table 1, the viscosity of the fracturing fluid to which the friction reducer prepared in example 1 was added increased with an increase in temperature, while the viscosity of the fracturing fluid to which the conventional friction reducer was added was not substantially changed with an increase in temperature, in the same additive amount of the friction reducer. Under the conditions of the same temperature and the same addition amount, the viscosity of the fracturing fluid added with the resistance reducing agent prepared in the example 1 is far greater than that of the fracturing fluid added with the common resistance reducing agent.
Therefore, in the fracturing construction, for the stratum with higher brittleness index, the viscosity of the fracturing fluid can be reduced by reducing the temperature of the fracturing fluid or reducing the addition amount of the resistance reducing agent; for the stratum with lower brittleness index, the viscosity of the fracturing fluid is increased by increasing the temperature of the fracturing fluid or increasing the addition amount of the resistance reducing agent, so that the dynamic change of the viscosity of the fracturing fluid in construction is realized, different construction working conditions are adapted, the stratum transformation effect is improved, the construction cost is reduced, and the occupied space is reduced.
Table 2 operation equipment and personnel requirements of the existing construction method
TABLE 3 operation device and personnel requirement of the present application
As is apparent from the comparison of tables 2 and 3, the present application has a substantial reduction in equipment, labor and time costs, as compared to existing construction methods, wherein 2 liquid dispensing carts, 10 liquid tanks, 4 operators and pre-construction preparation time are reduced.
As can be seen from the comparison of FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, the resistance-reducing agent of the application has a resistance-reducing rate of 63% which is 60% better than that of the traditional resistance-reducing agent.
The above examples merely illustrate specific embodiments of the application, which are described in more detail and are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the application. It should be noted that it is possible for a person skilled in the art to make several variants and modifications without departing from the technical idea of the application, which fall within the scope of protection of the application.
Claims (8)
1. The hydraulic fracturing construction method for the heterogeneous stratum is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
a: continuously mixing and integrating into a viscosity-changing fracturing fluid;
b: continuously supplying the integrated variable viscosity fracturing fluid to a fracturing truck for fracturing construction of the stratum;
c: in the fracturing construction process, the viscosity of the integrated variable viscosity fracturing fluid is changed according to the brittleness index of the corresponding stratum, so that the viscosity of the integrated variable viscosity fracturing fluid is adapted to the brittleness index of the stratum;
d: sequentially completing fracturing construction of each stratum;
the preparation method of the integrated variable viscosity fracturing fluid in the step A comprises the following steps:
a1: preparing a viscosity regulator;
a2: 10-30 parts of acrylamide, 1-15 parts of functional monomer and 30-60 parts of water are weighed, mixed and stirred until the acrylamide is completely dissolved, then transferred into a reaction container with mechanical stirring, stirred and introduced with inert gas, and air is removed;
a3: weighing 25-50 parts by weight of oil and 1-5 parts by weight of emulsifier, and uniformly stirring to obtain an intermediate A; then dripping the intermediate A into a reaction container, controlling the dripping speed within 30min, and continuing stirring for 20-40 min after dripping;
a4: adding 0.02-0.2 weight part of initiator to react for 4-6 h;
a5: adding 0.01 to 0.03 weight part of chain terminator, and reacting for 0.5 to 1.5 hours to obtain a resistance reducing agent pre-use product;
a6: adding 1-2 parts by weight of viscosity regulator and 0.1-1 parts by weight of pH regulator into a pre-use product of the resistance reducing agent, and stirring for 20-40 min to obtain a variable-temperature variable-viscosity resistance reducing agent;
a7: preparing an integrated variable viscosity fracturing fluid by adopting a variable temperature variable viscosity resistance reducing agent;
the viscosity regulator comprises the following components in parts by weight: 10-25 parts of zirconium oxychloride, 10-20 parts of aluminum trichloride, 1-10 parts of glycerol, 5-15 parts of triethanolamine and 30-60 parts of clear water, wherein the preparation method of the viscosity regulator comprises the following steps of:
a1.1: dissolving zirconium oxychloride and aluminum trichloride in clear water, and uniformly stirring to obtain a solution a;
a1.2: adding glycerol into the solution a, and stirring for 20-40 min to obtain a solution b;
a1.3: adding triethanolamine into the solution b, and stirring for 0.5-1.5 h to obtain a viscosity regulator;
the functional monomer is one or more of acrylic acid and n, n-methylene bisacrylamide.
2. The hydraulic fracturing construction method for heterogeneous formations according to claim 1, wherein the functional monomer is one or more of acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, n-methylenebisacrylamide, 2-acrylamide-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid.
3. The hydraulic fracturing construction method for heterogeneous formations of claim 1, wherein the oil is one or more of 3# white oil, 5# white oil, 15# white oil, 26# white oil.
4. The hydraulic fracturing construction method for heterogeneous formations of claim 1, wherein the initiator is potassium persulfate.
5. The hydraulic fracturing construction method for heterogeneous formations of claim 1, wherein the emulsifier is one or more of Span 20, span 80, op-4, SDS.
6. The hydraulic fracturing construction method for heterogeneous formations of claim 1, wherein the chain terminator is sodium nitrite.
7. The hydraulic fracturing construction method for heterogeneous formations according to claim 1, wherein: the pH regulator is one or more of citric acid and acetic acid.
8. The hydraulic fracturing construction method for heterogeneous formations according to claim 1, wherein: the method for changing the viscosity of the integrated variable viscosity fracturing fluid in the step C is to adjust the temperature of the integrated variable viscosity fracturing fluid or adjust the addition amount of the variable temperature variable viscosity resistance reducing agent.
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| CN106382111A (en) * | 2015-07-28 | 2017-02-08 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Method increasing shale gas fracturing crack complexity |
| CN105567211A (en) * | 2015-12-28 | 2016-05-11 | 重庆地质矿产研究院 | Shale gas slickwater fracturing fluid and preparation method thereof |
| CN110003877A (en) * | 2019-04-12 | 2019-07-12 | 四川申和新材料科技有限公司 | A kind of anti-high salinity cleaning become sticky slippery water, crosslinking agent, become sticky friction reducer and preparation method |
| CN110437817A (en) * | 2019-08-16 | 2019-11-12 | 中石化石油工程技术服务有限公司 | A kind of multi-functional emulsion-type salt tolerant fracturing fluid and preparation method thereof |
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