CN113027382B - Machine learning device, intermittent gas well switching intelligent control system and control method - Google Patents
Machine learning device, intermittent gas well switching intelligent control system and control method Download PDFInfo
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- CN113027382B CN113027382B CN202010832269.1A CN202010832269A CN113027382B CN 113027382 B CN113027382 B CN 113027382B CN 202010832269 A CN202010832269 A CN 202010832269A CN 113027382 B CN113027382 B CN 113027382B
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B34/00—Valve arrangements for boreholes or wells
- E21B34/16—Control means therefor being outside the borehole
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/12—Methods or apparatus for controlling the flow of the obtained fluid to or in wells
- E21B43/121—Lifting well fluids
- E21B43/122—Gas lift
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- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
- G05B19/00—Programme-control systems
- G05B19/02—Programme-control systems electric
- G05B19/04—Programme control other than numerical control, i.e. in sequence controllers or logic controllers
- G05B19/042—Programme control other than numerical control, i.e. in sequence controllers or logic controllers using digital processors
- G05B19/0423—Input/output
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F30/00—Computer-aided design [CAD]
- G06F30/20—Design optimisation, verification or simulation
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F30/00—Computer-aided design [CAD]
- G06F30/20—Design optimisation, verification or simulation
- G06F30/27—Design optimisation, verification or simulation using machine learning, e.g. artificial intelligence, neural networks, support vector machines [SVM] or training a model
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P90/00—Enabling technologies with a potential contribution to greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions mitigation
- Y02P90/02—Total factory control, e.g. smart factories, flexible manufacturing systems [FMS] or integrated manufacturing systems [IMS]
Abstract
The invention relates to a machine learning device, an intermittent gas well switching intelligent control system and a control method, wherein the machine learning device comprises: the state observation unit is used for acquiring data representing gas well inflow when a gas well is closed and data representing gas well state when the gas well is opened; the judging data acquisition unit is used for acquiring data related to judging whether the gas well is opened or closed; the gas well closing model building unit is used for building a gas well closing model by learning data representing gas well inflow when a gas well is closed and data related to judging whether the gas well is opened or not; and the method is used for learning the data which represents the gas well state when the gas well is opened and the data which is related to judging whether the gas well is closed, so as to construct a gas well opening production model. The model can be used for predicting the well opening/closing state of the gas well, so that the optimized production target state of the gas well is obtained.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of natural gas field development, and particularly relates to a machine learning device, an intermittent gas well switching intelligent control system and a control method.
Background
With continuous development of gas fields, the proportion of low-yield and low-efficiency wells is increased year by year, and how to exert the capacity of the low-yield and low-efficiency wells and keep the stable yield of gas wells becomes a technical problem to be solved urgently. The evaluation result in the aspect of yield increasing effect shows that the plunger gas lift water drainage gas recovery technology is suitable for gas wells with small gas quantity and high liquid-gas ratio, and the slippage loss of a shaft is small. Therefore, the plunger gas lift water drainage gas recovery technology is an effective measure for improving the recovery ratio of the low-yield low-efficiency well.
The plunger gas lift is characterized in that the plunger is used as a mechanical interface between gas and liquid, the plunger is pushed by the energy of a gas well to lift the liquid in an oil pipe periodically, the gas can be effectively prevented from channeling upwards and the liquid can fall back, the liquid slippage effect is reduced, and the intermittent gas lift efficiency is improved. The process technology is applied to the low-pressure low-yield well, so that the gas well can be periodically and intermittently opened, and the liquid carrying efficiency of the gas well is improved. Along with the development of science and technology, intelligent remote control is also applied to plunger gas lift drainage gas production system gradually.
The intelligent control system controls the plunger gas lift drainage gas production system according to a control algorithm formulated by dynamic controllable parameters, and common control algorithms comprise plunger operation control algorithms such as a timing switch, a constant pressure switch, pressure microlitre and time optimization. The timing mode is suitable for the initial stage of well opening, the constant pressure mode is suitable for a gas well with sufficient energy, the pressure micro-rising mode is suitable for a gas well with high pressure recovery speed, and the time optimization mode is suitable for a gas well with stable plunger arrival. The control algorithms have the defect of limited application range, and the control algorithms cannot optimize the gas well productivity.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a machine learning device, an intermittent gas well switching intelligent control system and a control method. The technical problem to be solved by the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
the invention provides a machine learning device, comprising:
the state observation unit is used for acquiring data representing gas well inflow when a gas well is closed and data representing gas well state when the gas well is opened;
the judging data acquisition unit is used for acquiring data related to judging whether the gas well is opened or closed;
the learning unit is used for learning data representing gas well inflow when the gas well is closed and data related to judging whether the gas well is opened or not, and a gas well closing model is constructed; and (c) a second step of,
and the method is used for learning the data which represents the gas well state when the gas well is opened and the data which is related to judging whether the gas well is closed, so as to construct a gas well opening production model.
In one embodiment of the present invention,
the judgment data acquisition unit is also used for acquiring data for judging whether the running state of the plunger is normal or not when the gas well is opened;
the learning unit is further used for learning the data representing the gas well state when the gas well is opened and the data judging whether the plunger operation state is normal when the gas well is opened, so that a plunger operation model is constructed.
In one embodiment of the present invention,
the data which represents the inflow of the gas well when the gas well is closed at least comprises one of the yield, the oil pressure, the casing pressure and the output pressure at the closing moment of the gas well, or the time sequence of the oil pressure when the gas well is closed, or the time sequence of the casing pressure when the gas well is closed;
the data which represents the state of the gas well when the gas well is opened at least comprises the oil pressure, casing pressure and output pressure at the gas well opening time, or the time sequence of the gas well output when the gas well is opened, or the time sequence of the oil pressure when the gas well is opened, or the time sequence of the casing pressure when the gas well is opened or the time sequence of the output pressure when the gas well is opened;
the data related to judging whether the gas well is opened or not comprises corresponding bottom hole pressure in the closing time when the gas well is closed;
the data related to judging whether the gas well is closed or not comprises the gas well yield corresponding to the gas well opening time when the gas well is opened;
and the data for judging whether the running state of the plunger is normal or not when the gas well is opened comprises the rising time of the plunger.
The invention also provides an intelligent control system for an intermittent gas well, which comprises a plunger gas well gas lift control system, a data simulation calculation device, a data transmission device, a remote monitoring unit and the machine learning device in any one of the embodiments, wherein,
the machine learning device, the data simulation and calculation device, the data transmission device, the remote monitoring unit and the plunger gas well gas lift control system are sequentially connected;
the machine learning device is used for acquiring a gas well closing model, a gas well opening production model and a plunger operation model, obtaining corresponding bottom hole pressure in a closing time length when a gas well is closed according to the gas well closing model, obtaining corresponding gas well yield in a well opening time length when the gas well is opened according to the gas well opening production model, and obtaining the time of plunger rising when the gas well is opened according to the plunger operation model;
the data simulation calculation device is used for performing simulation calculation on the average yield of the gas well in the well closing-opening period of the gas well according to the corresponding bottom hole pressure in the well closing duration and the corresponding gas well yield in the well opening duration to obtain a prediction result;
the data transmission device is used for transmitting the prediction result;
the remote monitoring unit is used for generating a well opening control signal and a well closing control signal according to the prediction result;
and the plunger gas well gas lift control system is used for controlling the opening or closing of the gas well according to the well opening control signal and the well closing control signal.
In one embodiment of the invention, the prediction result comprises the maximum average production Qmax of the gas well in the well closing-opening period, the well closing time Tc and the well opening time To corresponding To the maximum average production Qmax, and the bottom hole pressure Po at the well opening time.
In one embodiment of the invention, the remote monitoring unit comprises a first control sub-unit and a second control sub-unit, wherein,
the first control subunit is configured To set a fixed closing duration and a fixed opening duration of a gas well according To the closing duration Tc and the opening duration To, generate a first closing control signal according To the fixed opening duration of the gas well, and generate a first opening control signal according To the fixed closing duration of the gas well;
the second control subunit is configured to set a well closing trigger condition and a well opening trigger condition according to the maximum average production Qmax and the bottom hole pressure Po at the well opening time, generate a second well closing control signal according to the well closing trigger condition, and generate a second well opening control signal according to the well opening trigger condition;
accordingly, the number of the first and second electrodes,
the plunger gas well gas lift control system is used for controlling the opening or closing of the gas well according to the first well opening control signal and the first well closing control signal; and (c) a second step of,
and the gas well opening and closing control device is also used for controlling the opening or closing of the gas well according to the second well opening control signal and the second well closing control signal.
The invention also provides a control method of the intermittent gas well switching intelligent control system, which comprises the following steps:
s1: acquiring a gas well closing model and a gas well opening production model, obtaining corresponding bottom hole pressure in a gas well closing time length when a gas well is closed according to the gas well closing model, and obtaining corresponding gas well yield in a gas well opening time length when the gas well is opened according to the gas well opening production model;
s2: according to the corresponding bottom hole pressure in the well closing time and the corresponding gas well yield in the well opening time, performing simulation calculation on the average gas well yield of the gas well in the well closing-well opening period to obtain a prediction result;
s3: generating a well opening control signal and a well closing control signal according to the prediction result, and realizing the opening or closing of the gas well according to the well opening control signal and the well closing control signal;
the prediction result comprises the maximum average yield Qmax of the gas well in the well closing-opening period, the well closing time Tc and the well opening time To corresponding To the maximum average yield Qmax, and the bottom hole pressure Po at the well opening time.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the S3 includes:
s311: setting a fixed closing time length and a fixed opening time length of a gas well according To the closing time length Tc and the opening time length To, generating a first closing control signal according To the fixed opening time length of the gas well, and generating a first opening control signal according To the fixed closing time length of the gas well;
s312: and according to the first well opening control signal and the first well closing control signal, opening or closing of the gas well is realized.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the S3 includes:
s321: setting a well closing triggering condition and a well opening triggering condition according to the maximum average yield Qmax and the bottom hole pressure Po at the well opening time;
s322: if the instantaneous yield of the gas well is smaller than the maximum average yield Qmax when the gas well is opened, generating a second well closing control signal, and if the bottom hole pressure is larger than the bottom hole pressure Po at the well opening time when the gas well is closed, generating a second well opening control signal;
s323: and according to the second well opening control signal and the second well closing control signal, opening or closing the gas well is realized.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the S3 includes:
s331: setting a fixed closing time length and a fixed opening time length of the gas well according To the well closing time length Tc and the well opening time length To, generating a first well closing control signal according To the fixed opening time length of the gas well, and generating a first well opening control signal according To the fixed closing time length of the gas well;
s332: setting well closing and well opening triggering conditions according to the maximum average yield Qmax and the bottom hole pressure Po at the well opening time;
s333: according to the first well opening control signal and the first well closing control signal, opening or closing of the gas well is achieved;
s334: if the instantaneous yield of the gas well is less than the maximum average yield Qmax within the fixed opening time of the gas well, generating a second well closing control signal and executing the step S335, and if the bottom hole pressure is greater than the bottom hole pressure Po at the well opening time within the fixed closing time of the gas well, generating a second well opening control signal and executing the step S335;
s335: and according to the second well opening control signal and the second well closing control signal, opening or closing the gas well is realized.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the machine learning device provided by the application can be used for learning and training dynamic data of the gas well by utilizing an artificial intelligent neural network algorithm, so that a gas well closing model and a gas well opening production model can be obtained, the well opening/closing state of the gas well can be predicted by utilizing the model, and further the optimized production target state of the gas well can be obtained.
2. The intermittent gas well switching intelligent control system is provided with the machine learning device, can predict the well opening/closing state of a gas well, controls the plunger gas well gas lift control system according to the predicted and optimized conditions, and enables the gas well production to reach a more optimized state.
3. The control method of the intermittent switching gas well intelligent control system can adopt a fixed switching well system, a dynamic switching well system or a combination mode of the fixed switching well and the dynamic switching well for the opening and the closing of the gas well, the control mode is more intelligent, the gas well production can reach a more optimized state, and the application range of the gas well is wider.
The foregoing description is only an overview of the technical solutions of the present invention, and in order to make the technical means of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention may be implemented in accordance with the content of the description, and in order to make the above and other objects, features, and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the following preferred embodiments are described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a machine learning apparatus according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 2 is a block diagram of another machine learning apparatus provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a block diagram of an intelligent control system for an intermittent gas well switching provided by an embodiment of the invention;
fig. 4 is a flowchart of a control method of an intermittent gas well switching intelligent control system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
An icon: 1, intermittently switching on and off an intelligent control system of a gas well; 10-a machine learning device; 101-a state observation unit; 102-a decision data acquisition unit; 103-a learning unit; 104-a storage unit; 105-an output unit; 20-a plunger gas well gas lift control system; 30-a data simulation computing device; 40-a data transmission device; 50-a remote monitoring unit; 501-a first control subunit; 502-a second control subunit.
Detailed Description
In order to further explain the technical means and effects of the present invention adopted to achieve the predetermined invention purpose, the following detailed description is made in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and the detailed description to provide a machine learning device, an intermittent gas well switching intelligent control system and a control method thereof.
The foregoing and other technical matters, features and effects of the present invention will be apparent from the following detailed description of the embodiments, which is to be read in connection with the accompanying drawings. The technical means and effects of the present invention adopted to achieve the predetermined purpose can be more deeply and specifically understood through the description of the specific embodiments, however, the attached drawings are provided for reference and description only and are not used for limiting the technical scheme of the present invention.
Example one
Referring to fig. 1, fig. 1 is a block diagram of a machine learning device according to an embodiment of the present invention, and as shown in the drawing, a machine learning device 10 according to the embodiment includes:
the state observation unit 101 is used for acquiring data representing gas well inflow when a gas well is closed and data representing gas well state when the gas well is opened;
a determination data acquisition unit 102, configured to acquire data related to whether to open or close a gas well;
the learning unit 103 is used for learning data representing gas well inflow when the gas well is closed and data related to judging whether the gas well is opened or not, and constructing a gas well closing model; and the method is used for learning the data which represents the gas well state when the gas well is opened and the data which is related to judging whether the gas well is closed, so as to construct a gas well opening production model.
Optionally, the learning unit 103 is a neural network with feedforward.
Optionally, the machine learning method is a non-linear regression learning method.
The machine learning apparatus 10 of the present embodiment is an apparatus that performs machine learning related to gas well production to construct a gas well closing model and a gas well opening production model that can determine whether a gas well is open or closed, and can predict the open/closed state of the gas well using the models to obtain an optimized production target state of the gas well. The machine learning device 10 of the embodiment may be applied to a gas well which is intermittently opened and closed, and the production principle of the intermittently opened and closed gas well is that due to the existence of the output pressure, the pressure of the gas well is gradually reduced in the production process of the gas well, when the pressure of the gas well is close to the output pressure, the yield is significantly reduced, and when the output pressure fluctuates, there is a backflow risk, and at this time, a common method is to close the gas well for a period of time to accumulate energy/pressure, so that a relatively large pressure/yield is obtained when the gas well is opened.
Further, the judgment data acquisition unit 102 is further configured to acquire data for judging whether the operation state of the plunger is normal when the gas well is opened; the learning unit 103 is further configured to learn data indicating a gas well state when the gas well is opened and data determining whether the plunger operation state is normal when the gas well is opened, so as to construct a plunger operation model.
When the machine learning device 10 is applied to a plunger gas well, a plunger operation model that can determine whether the plunger operation state is normal is constructed by performing machine learning related to plug operation. By utilizing the gas well closing model, the gas well opening production model and the plunger operation model, the well opening/closing state and the plunger operation state of the plunger gas well can be predicted, and the optimized production target state of the plunger gas well can be obtained under the condition that the plunger normally operates.
In this embodiment, the data indicative of gas well inflow at the time of gas well shut-down includes at least one of production, oil pressure, casing pressure, output pressure at the time of gas well shut-down, or a time series of oil pressures at the time of gas well shut-down, or a time series of casing pressures at the time of gas well shut-down. The data of the gas well state when the gas well is opened at least comprises one of oil pressure, casing pressure and output pressure at the gas well opening time, or a time sequence of gas well yield when the gas well is opened, or a time sequence of oil pressure when the gas well is opened, or a time sequence of casing pressure when the gas well is opened or a time sequence of output pressure when the gas well is opened.
The oil pressure, the casing pressure and the output pressure of the gas well can be measured by a pressure sensor installed in the gas well. Production at a given time in a gas well may be measured by a flow sensor installed in the gas well. In addition, the temperature sensor arranged in the gas well can measure the well temperature at a certain depth of the gas well or the temperature change along the well section, and can be used for determining the temperature of an oil layer and knowing the flowing state of fluid in the well.
Further, in this embodiment, it is determined whether the gas well is open-related data, including a bottom hole pressure corresponding to a shut-in duration when the gas well is closed; judging whether the gas well is closed or not, wherein the data comprises the gas well yield corresponding to the gas well in the well opening time when the gas well is opened; and (3) judging whether the running state of the plunger is normal or not when the gas well is opened, wherein the data comprises the time of plunger rising. Wherein, because the bottom hole pressure is not convenient to be directly measured, the bottom hole pressure is generally expressed by corresponding oil pressure or casing pressure.
The working principle of the plunger gas lift is to lift water out of the well by utilizing a freely moving plunger to move up and down in an oil pipe, and the gas lift energy is from gas in an annular space of the oil pipe and a casing. A valve is arranged at the bottom of the plunger, when the plunger falls down by self weight, the valve is opened, water enters the oil pipe, when the plunger collides with a buffer positioned at the bottom of the well, the valve is closed, and gas in the well enables the plunger to move upwards to lift the water. When the plunger impacts a buffer at the wellhead, the valve is opened, the plunger falls by the dead weight and then impacts the buffer at the bottom of the well, and the plunger moves up and down repeatedly to lift water to the ground.
Therefore, when the gas well is closed, the corresponding casing pressure in the well closing time period is used as data related to judging whether the gas well is opened or not. Because the gas well yield can be gradually attenuated along with the time in the process of plunger gas lift, the gas well yield corresponding to the gas well yield in the well opening time period when the gas well is opened is used as data related to judging whether the gas well is closed or not. Because the plunger rises in the gas well in a certain time, when the gas well is opened, the well opening time is not shorter than the corresponding plunger rising time, and therefore the plunger rising time when the gas well is opened is used as data for judging whether the operation state of the plunger is normal or not.
Referring to fig. 2, fig. 2 is a block diagram of another machine learning apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention, in this embodiment, the machine learning apparatus 10 further includes a storage unit 104, and the storage unit 104 is used for storing a gas well closing model and a gas well opening production model constructed by the learning unit 103. In addition, after the gas well shut-down model and the gas well open production model are constructed, when new training data is acquired, supervised learning is further added to the gas well shut-down model and the gas well open production model stored in the storage unit 104, so that the constructed gas well shut-down model and the gas well open production model are updated.
It should be noted that the additional learning may be automatically executed, for example, by setting a fixed update cycle (weekly or monthly), or may be performed at the discretion of the user, that is, by determining the actual production status of the gas well and the gas well reserve amount, and updating the already-constructed gas well shut-down model and gas well open-production model at irregular intervals.
Further, the machine learning device 10 further includes an output unit 105, where the output unit 105 is configured to output the gas well closing model and the gas well opening production model that are constructed by the learning unit 103, and obtain the casing pressure corresponding to the gas well closing time length when the gas well is closed, and the gas well yield corresponding to the gas well opening time length when the gas well is opened. The output unit 105 is further configured to output the time of the plunger rising when the gas well is opened, which is obtained through the plunger operation model constructed by the learning unit 103.
The machine learning device 10 of this embodiment performs learning training on gas well dynamic data by using an artificial intelligent neural network algorithm, and can obtain a gas well closing model and a gas well opening production model, and can predict the well opening/closing state of a gas well by using the model, thereby obtaining an optimized production target state of the gas well. And when the machine learning device 10 is applied to a plunger gas well, by performing machine learning related to the plunger operation, a plunger operation model that can determine whether the plunger operation state is normal is constructed. By utilizing the gas well closing model, the gas well opening production model and the plunger operation model, the well opening/closing state and the plunger operation state of the plunger gas well can be predicted, and the optimized production target state of the plunger gas well can be obtained under the condition that the plunger normally operates.
In order to realize the functions of the respective units of the machine learning device 10, the machine learning device 10 includes an arithmetic Processing device such as a CPU (Central Processing Unit). The machine learning device 10 further includes an auxiliary storage device such as a Hard Disk Drive (HDD) that stores various control programs such as application software and an Operating System (OS), and a main storage device such as a Random Access Memory (RAM) that stores data temporarily required for execution of the programs by the arithmetic processing device. The machine learning device 10 of the present embodiment can be realized by hardware and software cooperation.
Example two
Fig. 3 is a block diagram of an intelligent control system for an intermittent gas well according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in the figure, the intermittent gas well switching intelligent control system 1 of the embodiment includes a plunger gas well gas lift control system 20, a data simulation calculation device 30, a data transmission device 40, a remote monitoring unit 50, and a machine learning device 10 according to the first embodiment. The machine learning device 10, the data simulation calculation device 30, the data transmission device 40, the remote monitoring unit 50 and the plunger gas well gas lift control system 20 are connected in sequence.
Specifically, the machine learning device 10 is configured to obtain a gas well closing model, a gas well opening production model, and a plunger operation model, obtain a bottom hole pressure corresponding to a gas well closing time period according to the gas well closing model, obtain a gas well yield corresponding to a certain output pressure when a gas well is opened according to the gas well opening production model, and obtain a time when the gas well is opened according to the plunger operation model and a plunger rises.
The data simulation calculation device 30 is used for performing simulation calculation on the average yield of the gas well in the well closing-opening period of the gas well according to the corresponding bottom pressure in the well closing time and the corresponding gas well yield in the well opening time to obtain a prediction result;
in the embodiment, the prediction result includes the maximum average production Qmax of the gas well in the well closing-opening period, the well closing time Tc and the well opening time To corresponding To the maximum average production Qmax, and the bottom hole pressure Po at the well opening time.
It should be noted that the well opening time To corresponding To the maximum average production Qmax should not be less than the time of the plunger rising when the gas well is opened according To the plunger operation model.
The maximum average production Qmax is calculated under the corresponding output pressure and temperature conditions, wherein the output pressure and temperature may be a variable output pressure and temperature or a more stable output pressure and temperature corresponding to the set gas well. For example, if the data indicative of the state of the gas well at the time of opening the gas well includes the output pressure and the temperature, the maximum average production Qmax is calculated at a certain set output pressure and a certain set temperature; if the data indicating the state of the gas well at the time of opening does not include the output pressure and temperature, then the maximum average production Qmax is calculated as a result of the output pressure and temperature being constant by default. In general, the error between the two results will be large, but if the output pressure of the gas well is stable and the temperature is stable, i.e., the set output pressure and the set temperature are equal to a certain output pressure and temperature that are constant by default, the two results should be approximately equal.
Further, the data transmission device 40 transmits the prediction result to the remote monitoring unit 50, the remote monitoring unit 50 is used for generating a well opening control signal and a well closing control signal according to the prediction result, and the plunger gas well gas lift control system 20 controls the opening or closing of the gas well according to the well opening control signal and the well closing control signal.
In the present embodiment, the remote monitoring unit 50 includes a first control subunit 501 and a second control subunit 502. The first control subunit 501 is configured To set a fixed closing duration and a fixed opening duration of a gas well according To the closing duration Tc and the opening duration To, generate a first closing control signal according To the fixed opening duration of the gas well, and generate a first opening control signal according To the fixed closing duration of the gas well. The second control subunit 502 is configured to set a well closing trigger condition and a well opening trigger condition according to the maximum average production Qmax and the bottom hole pressure Po at the well opening time, generate a second well closing control signal according to the well closing trigger condition, and generate a second well opening control signal according to the well opening trigger condition.
In this embodiment, if the instantaneous gas well production is less than the maximum average production Qmax when the gas well is opened, the well shut-in trigger condition is satisfied, and the second control subunit 502 generates the second well shut-in control signal. If the bottom hole pressure is greater than the bottom hole pressure Po at the well opening time when the gas well is closed, the well opening triggering condition is met, and the second control subunit 502 generates a second well opening control signal.
It should be noted that the shut-in triggering condition may also be set to a preset coefficient × the maximum average flow rate Qmax, for example, when the instantaneous average gas well production is less than 110% × the maximum average production rate Qmax when the gas well is opened, the shut-in triggering condition is satisfied, and the second control subunit 502 generates the second shut-in control signal.
In this embodiment, defining the cycle production in the shut-in-open period as the total production at the time of opening the well, the average production of the gas well = cycle production/(open-in duration + previous shut-in duration).
Correspondingly, the plunger gas well gas lift control system 20 is used for realizing the opening or closing of the gas well according to the first well opening control signal and the first well closing control signal; and the gas well is also used for realizing the opening or closing of the gas well according to the second well opening control signal and the second well closing control signal.
Optionally, the plunger gas well gas lift control system 20 of the embodiment includes a logging unit, which is used for measuring and acquiring logging data such as flow, temperature, pressure signal, etc. of the gas well in real time.
The intermittent gas well switching intelligent control system 1 of the embodiment is provided with the machine learning device 10, and can predict the well opening/closing state of a gas well so as to predict and optimize the conditions to control the plunger gas well gas lift control system 20, so that the gas well production reaches a more optimized state.
Further, the embodiment also provides a control method of the intelligent control system for the intermittent gas well, please refer to fig. 4, and fig. 4 is a flowchart of the control method of the intelligent control system for the intermittent gas well provided by the embodiment of the invention. As shown in the figure, the control method comprises the following steps:
s1: acquiring a gas well closing model and a gas well opening production model, obtaining the corresponding bottom hole pressure in the closing time length of the gas well when the gas well is closed according to the gas well closing model, and obtaining the corresponding gas well yield in the opening time length of the gas well when the gas well is opened according to the gas well opening production model;
s2: according to the corresponding bottom hole pressure in the well closing time and the corresponding gas well yield in the well opening time, performing simulation calculation on the average gas well yield of the gas well in the well closing-well opening period to obtain a prediction result;
s3: and generating a well opening control signal and a well closing control signal according to the prediction result, and realizing the opening or closing of the gas well according to the well opening control signal and the well closing control signal.
The prediction result comprises the maximum average yield Qmax of the gas well in the well closing-opening period, the well closing time Tc and the well opening time To corresponding To the maximum average yield Qmax, and the bottom hole pressure Po at the well opening time.
Optionally, in an embodiment, step S3 includes:
s311: setting fixed closing time and opening time of a gas well according To the closing time Tc and the opening time To, generating a first closing control signal according To the fixed opening time of the gas well, and generating a first opening control signal according To the fixed closing time of the gas well;
s312: and opening or closing the gas well according to the first well opening control signal and the first well closing control signal.
In this embodiment, the first well opening control signal and the first well closing control signal are generated according to a fixed closing time length of the gas well and a fixed opening time length of the gas well, so that the opening time length of the gas well and the closing time length of the gas well are fixed and unchanged, and a well opening and closing system of the gas well is a fixed well opening and closing system.
Optionally, in another embodiment, step S3 includes:
s321: setting a well closing triggering condition and a well opening triggering condition according to the maximum average yield Qmax and the bottom hole pressure Po at the well opening time;
s322: if the instantaneous yield of the gas well is smaller than the maximum average yield Qmax when the gas well is opened, generating a second well closing control signal, and if the casing pressure is larger than the bottom hole pressure Po at the well opening time when the gas well is closed, generating a second well opening control signal;
s323: and opening or closing the gas well according to the second well opening control signal and the second well closing control signal.
In this embodiment, the second well opening control signal and the second well closing control signal are generated according to the set well closing trigger condition and the set well opening trigger condition, so that the opening duration of the gas well and the closing duration of the gas well are changed, and the well opening and closing system of the gas well is a dynamic well opening and closing system.
Optionally, in a further embodiment, step S3 comprises:
s331: setting fixed closing time and opening time of a gas well according To the closing time Tc and the opening time To, generating a first closing control signal according To the fixed opening time of the gas well, and generating a first opening control signal according To the fixed closing time of the gas well;
s332: setting a well closing triggering condition and a well opening triggering condition according to the maximum average yield Qmax and the bottom hole pressure Po at the well opening time;
s333: according to the first well opening control signal and the first well closing control signal, opening or closing of the gas well is achieved;
s334: if the instantaneous yield of the gas well is less than the maximum average yield Qmax within the fixed opening time of the gas well, generating a second well closing control signal and executing the step S335, and if the bottom hole pressure is greater than the bottom hole pressure Po at the well opening time within the fixed closing time of the gas well, generating a second well opening control signal and executing the step S335;
s335: and opening or closing the gas well according to the second well opening control signal and the second well closing control signal.
In this embodiment, a fixed switching well system and a dynamic switching well system are combined to open or close a gas well.
The control method of the intermittent switching gas well intelligent control system can adopt a fixed switching well system, a dynamic switching well system or a combination mode of the fixed switching well and the dynamic switching well for the opening and the closing of the gas well, the control mode is more intelligent, the gas well production can reach a more optimized state, and the application range of the gas well is wider.
It is noted that, herein, relational terms such as first and second, and the like may be used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Also, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that an article or device that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrases "comprising one of \8230;" does not exclude the presence of additional like elements in an article or device comprising the element. The terms "connected" or "coupled" and the like are not restricted to physical or mechanical connections, but may include electrical connections, whether direct or indirect.
The foregoing is a more detailed description of the invention in connection with specific preferred embodiments and it is not intended that the invention be limited to these specific details. For those skilled in the art to which the invention pertains, numerous simple deductions or substitutions may be made without departing from the spirit of the invention, which shall be deemed to belong to the scope of the invention.
Claims (7)
1. An intelligent control system for intermittently switching on and off a gas well is characterized by comprising a plunger gas well gas lift control system, a data simulation calculation device, a data transmission device, a remote monitoring unit and a machine learning device, wherein,
the machine learning device, the data simulation and calculation device, the data transmission device, the remote monitoring unit and the plunger gas well gas lift control system are sequentially connected;
the machine learning device is used for acquiring a gas well closing model, a gas well opening production model and a plunger operation model, obtaining corresponding bottom hole pressure in a closing time length when a gas well is closed according to the gas well closing model, obtaining corresponding gas well yield in a well opening time length when the gas well is opened according to the gas well opening production model, and obtaining the time of plunger rising when the gas well is opened according to the plunger operation model; the machine learning apparatus includes:
the state observation unit is used for acquiring data representing gas well inflow when a gas well is closed and data representing gas well state when the gas well is opened;
the judging data acquisition unit is used for acquiring data related to judging whether the gas well is opened or closed;
the learning unit is used for learning data representing gas well inflow when the gas well is closed and data related to judging whether the gas well is opened or not, and a gas well closing model is constructed; the gas well opening production model is constructed by learning data representing the gas well state when the gas well is opened and data related to judging whether the gas well is closed;
the data simulation calculation device is used for performing simulation calculation on the average yield of the gas well in the well closing-opening period of the gas well according to the corresponding bottom hole pressure in the well closing duration and the corresponding gas well yield in the well opening duration to obtain a prediction result; the prediction result comprises the maximum average yield Qmax of the gas well in the well closing-opening period, the well closing time Tc and the well opening time To which the maximum average yield Qmax corresponds, and the bottom hole pressure Po at the well opening time;
the data transmission device is used for transmitting the prediction result;
the remote monitoring unit is used for generating a well opening control signal and a well closing control signal according to the prediction result; the remote monitoring unit comprises a first control subunit and a second control subunit, wherein,
the first control subunit is configured To set a fixed closing duration and a fixed opening duration of a gas well according To the closing duration Tc and the opening duration To, generate a first closing control signal according To the fixed opening duration of the gas well, and generate a first opening control signal according To the fixed closing duration of the gas well;
the second control subunit is configured to set a well closing trigger and a well opening trigger condition according to the maximum average production Qmax and the bottom hole pressure Po at the well opening time, generate a second well closing control signal according to the well closing trigger condition, and generate a second well opening control signal according to the well opening trigger condition;
the plunger gas well gas lift control system is used for controlling the opening or closing of a gas well according to the well opening control signal and the well closing control signal, wherein,
the plunger gas well gas lift control system is used for controlling the opening or closing of the gas well according to the first well opening control signal and the first well closing control signal; and (c) a second step of,
and the gas well opening and closing control device is also used for controlling the opening or closing of the gas well according to the second well opening control signal and the second well closing control signal.
2. An intelligent control system for an intermittent gas well as recited in claim 1,
the judgment data acquisition unit is also used for acquiring data for judging whether the running state of the plunger is normal or not when the gas well is opened;
the learning unit is further used for learning the data representing the gas well state when the gas well is opened and the data judging whether the plunger operation state is normal when the gas well is opened, so that a plunger operation model is constructed.
3. An intelligent control system for an intermittent gas well as in claim 2 wherein,
the data which represents the inflow of the gas well when the gas well is closed at least comprises yield, oil pressure, casing pressure and output pressure at the closing moment of the gas well, or a time sequence of the oil pressure when the gas well is closed, or one of the time sequences of the casing pressure when the gas well is closed;
the data which represents the state of the gas well when the gas well is opened at least comprises the oil pressure, casing pressure and output pressure at the gas well opening time, or the time sequence of the gas well output when the gas well is opened, or the time sequence of the oil pressure when the gas well is opened, or the time sequence of the casing pressure when the gas well is opened or the time sequence of the output pressure when the gas well is opened;
the data related to whether the gas well is started or not is judged, and the data comprises corresponding bottom hole pressure in the closing time when the gas well is closed;
the data related to whether the gas well is closed or not is judged, wherein the data comprises the gas well yield corresponding to the gas well in the well opening time when the gas well is opened;
and the data for judging whether the running state of the plunger is normal or not when the gas well is opened comprises the time for the plunger to rise.
4. A control method of an intelligent control system of an intermittent gas well is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1: acquiring a gas well closing model and a gas well opening production model, obtaining the corresponding bottom hole pressure in the closing time length of the gas well when the gas well is closed according to the gas well closing model, and obtaining the corresponding gas well yield in the opening time length of the gas well when the gas well is opened according to the gas well opening production model;
s2: according to the corresponding bottom hole pressure in the well closing time and the corresponding gas well yield in the well opening time, performing simulation calculation on the average gas well yield of the gas well in the well closing-well opening period to obtain a prediction result; the prediction result comprises the maximum average yield Qmax of the gas well in the well closing-opening period, the well closing time Tc and the well opening time To which the maximum average yield Qmax corresponds, and the bottom hole pressure Po at the well opening time;
s3: generating a well opening control signal and a well closing control signal according to the prediction result, and realizing the opening or closing of the gas well according to the well opening control signal and the well closing control signal; the method comprises the following steps:
generating a first well switching control signal according To the well closing time length Tc and the well opening time length To, and realizing the opening or closing of a gas well according To the first well switching control signal;
or setting a well switching trigger condition according to the maximum average yield Qmax and the bottom hole pressure Po at the well opening time, generating a second well switching control signal according to the well switching trigger condition, and realizing the opening or closing of a gas well according to the second well switching control signal;
or generating a first switch well control signal according To the well closing time Tc and the well opening time To, setting a switch well triggering condition according To the maximum average yield Qmax and the bottom hole pressure Po at the well opening time, if the gas well reaches the set switch well triggering condition in the process of realizing the opening or closing of the gas well according To the first switch well control signal, generating a second switch well control signal, and realizing the opening or closing of the gas well according To the second switch well control signal.
5. The method for controlling the intermittent on-off gas well intelligent control system according To claim 4, wherein the generating a first on-off well control signal according To the off-well time period Tc and the on-well time period To, and the opening or closing of a gas well according To the first on-off well control signal comprises:
s311: setting a fixed closing time length and a fixed opening time length of a gas well according To the closing time length Tc and the opening time length To, generating a first closing control signal according To the fixed opening time length of the gas well, and generating a first opening control signal according To the fixed closing time length of the gas well;
s312: and realizing the opening or closing of the gas well according to the first well opening control signal and the first well closing control signal.
6. The method for controlling the intelligent control system of an intermittent switch gas well as claimed in claim 4, wherein the step of setting a switch well triggering condition according to the maximum average production Qmax and the bottom hole pressure Po at the well opening time, generating a second switch well control signal according to the switch well triggering condition, and realizing the opening or closing of the gas well according to the second switch well control signal comprises the following steps:
s321: setting a well closing triggering condition and a well opening triggering condition according to the maximum average yield Qmax and the bottom hole pressure Po at the well opening time;
s322: if the instantaneous yield of the gas well is smaller than the maximum average yield Qmax when the gas well is opened, generating a second well closing control signal, and if the bottom hole pressure is larger than the bottom hole pressure Po at the well opening time when the gas well is closed, generating a second well opening control signal;
s323: and opening or closing the gas well according to the second well opening control signal and the second well closing control signal.
7. The method for controlling an intermittent switch-on/off gas well intelligent control system according To claim 4, wherein a first switch-on/off control signal is generated according To the switch-on duration Tc and the switch-on duration To, a switch-on/off trigger condition is set according To the maximum average production Qmax and the bottom hole pressure Po at the time of the switch-on, if a gas well reaches the set switch-on/off trigger condition in the process of realizing the opening or closing of the gas well according To the first switch-on/off control signal, a second switch-on/off control signal is generated, and the opening or closing of the gas well is realized according To the second switch-on/off control signal, and the method comprises the following steps:
s331: setting a fixed closing time length and a fixed opening time length of the gas well according To the well closing time length Tc and the well opening time length To, generating a first well closing control signal according To the fixed opening time length of the gas well, and generating a first well opening control signal according To the fixed closing time length of the gas well;
s332: setting a well closing triggering condition and a well opening triggering condition according to the maximum average yield Qmax and the bottom hole pressure Po at the well opening time;
s333: according to the first well opening control signal and the first well closing control signal, opening or closing of the gas well is achieved;
s334: if the instantaneous gas well yield is less than the maximum average gas well yield Qmax within the fixed gas well opening time, generating a second well closing control signal and executing the step S335, and if the bottom hole pressure is greater than the bottom hole pressure Po at the well opening time within the fixed gas well closing time, generating a second well opening control signal and executing the step S335;
s335: and opening or closing the gas well according to the second well opening control signal and the second well closing control signal.
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