CN113025799B - Heat treatment method for curved surface flexible plate of large wind tunnel - Google Patents
Heat treatment method for curved surface flexible plate of large wind tunnel Download PDFInfo
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- CN113025799B CN113025799B CN202110229029.7A CN202110229029A CN113025799B CN 113025799 B CN113025799 B CN 113025799B CN 202110229029 A CN202110229029 A CN 202110229029A CN 113025799 B CN113025799 B CN 113025799B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/78—Combined heat-treatments not provided for above
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D6/00—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys
- C21D6/004—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys containing Cr and Ni
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Abstract
The invention discloses a heat treatment method for a curved surface flexible plate of a large wind tunnel. According to the heat treatment method, the flexible plate is fixed on a high-precision curved surface tool with a flow channel at the bottom, the flexible plate is fixed into a combined piece through a door-shaped beam and a set screw, the flexible plate of the combined piece is tightly attached to the tool, the combined piece is subjected to heat treatment for three times successively, the combined piece is disassembled after each heat treatment, the tool is subjected to finish machining and then combined into the combined piece, and the flexible plate is ensured to be tightly attached to the tool for each combined piece. The heat treatment method ensures that the heating and cooling speeds of the upper surface and the lower surface of the flexible plate are consistent during heating and cooling of the flexible plate, ensures the profile precision of the flexible plate, and has good effects of controlling performance and shape.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of wind tunnel tests, and particularly relates to a heat treatment method for a curved surface flexible plate of a large wind tunnel.
Background
In a conventional high-speed wind tunnel, a flexible plate of a spray pipe section is usually made of alloy steel, and the flexible plate can meet the requirement as a plane plate. The spray pipe section of a certain large wind tunnel needs to develop a large-size thin-wall curved flexible plate to meet the change requirements of different Mach numbers in a low-temperature region. As the operation temperature range of the large wind tunnel is 330K-110K, the large thin-walled curved surface flexible plate is made of 022Cr12Ni10MoTi maraging stainless steel with good impact toughness at low temperature, but the 022Cr12Ni10MoTi maraging stainless steel has higher yield strength and complex heat treatment requirements. The process research in the early stage finds that if the cooling speeds of the upper surface and the lower surface of the large-specification thin-wall curved flexible plate are inconsistent, the mechanical property can not meet the requirement, and warping is easy to occur in the heat treatment process, so that the development of the large-specification thin-wall curved flexible plate faces the double problems of difficult controllability and difficult shape control.
At present, the development of a heat treatment method for a curved flexible plate of a large wind tunnel is urgently needed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a heat treatment method for a curved surface flexible plate of a large wind tunnel.
The invention relates to a heat treatment method of a large wind tunnel curved surface flexible plate, which is characterized in that the length of the flexible plate treated by the heat treatment method is more than the width and more than the thickness, and a surface thermocouple is arranged on the upper surface of the flexible plate; the tool used by the heat treatment method comprises a curved surface support at the lower part, a curved surface panel covered above the curved surface support and a flow channel rib welded on the surface of the curved surface panel, wherein the curved surface of the curved surface panel is consistent with the curved surface of the large-scale high-speed wind tunnel curved surface flexible plate, and the curved surface of the top surface of the flow channel rib is also consistent with the curved surface of the large-scale high-speed wind tunnel curved surface flexible plate; the heat treatment method comprises the following steps:
a. covering the flexible plate on the surface of the tool, fixing the flexible plate on the surface of the tool through a plurality of groups of door-shaped beams and set screws from front to back, checking and determining that the lower surface of the flexible plate is completely attached to the top surface of the rib of the tool flow channel, and obtaining a combined piece I;
b. putting the assembly I into a furnace, starting from room temperature, heating to a first-order temperature TL1 at a first-order heating speed delta TL1, preserving heat at the first order HL1, then heating to a high-order temperature TH1 at a high-order heating speed delta TH1, timing after a surface thermocouple of the flexible plate reaches the high-order temperature TH1, preserving heat at the high order HH1, discharging the flexible plate out of the furnace, and cooling the flexible plate to the room temperature by air;
c. removing the door-shaped beam of the assembly I, and performing finish machining on the runner ribs of the tool until the curved surfaces of the top surfaces of the runner ribs are consistent with the curved surface of the curved surface flexible plate of the large-scale high-speed wind tunnel;
d. covering the flexible plate on the surface of the tool, fixing the flexible plate on the surface of the tool through a plurality of groups of cross beams and set screws from front to back, checking and determining that the lower surface of the flexible plate is completely attached to the top surface of the runner rib of the tool, and obtaining a combined piece II;
e. putting the assembly II into a furnace, starting from room temperature, heating to an initial-stage temperature TL2 at an initial-stage heating speed delta TL2, preserving heat at the initial stage HL2, then heating to a high-stage temperature TH2 at a high-stage heating speed delta TH2, timing after a surface thermocouple of the flexible plate reaches the high-stage temperature TH2, preserving heat at the high stage HH2, discharging the flexible plate, and cooling to room temperature by water;
f. removing the door-shaped beam of the assembly II, and performing finish machining on the runner ribs of the tool until the curved surfaces of the top surfaces of the runner ribs are consistent with the curved surface of the curved surface flexible plate of the large-scale high-speed wind tunnel;
g. covering the flexible plate on the surface of the tool, fixing the flexible plate on the surface of the tool through a plurality of groups of door-shaped beams and set screws from front to back, checking and determining that the lower surface of the flexible plate is completely attached to the top surface of the tool flow channel rib to obtain a combined piece III;
h. and putting the assembly III into a furnace, starting from room temperature, heating to a high-order temperature TH3 at a high-order heating speed Delta TH3, timing after the surface thermocouple of the flexible plate reaches the high-order temperature TH3, keeping the temperature at the high order HH3, taking out of the furnace, and air cooling to room temperature to finish heat treatment.
Furthermore, the material of the flexible plate is 022Cr12Ni10MoTi maraging stainless steel.
Further, the tool is made of 304 stainless steel.
Furthermore, the door-shaped beam and the set screw are made of high-temperature alloy steel.
Further, the initial temperature rise speeds are the same, and Δ TL1= Δ TL2; the primary temperature TL1 is more than TL2; the initial stage heat preservation time HL1= HL2;
the high-order heating speed is the same as Deltath 1= Deltath 2= Deltath 3; the high-order temperature TH1 is more than TH2 and more than TH3, and the high-order heat preservation time HH1 is more than HH2 and more than HH3.
Further, the initial temperature rise speed Δ TL1= Δ TL2=100 ℃/h; primary temperature TL1=850 ℃, TL2=700 ℃; the initial stage heat preservation time HL1= HL2=0.5h;
the high-order heating speed Δ TH1= Δ TH2= Δ TH3=60 ℃/h; high-order temperature TH1=900 ℃, TH2=750 ℃, TH3=500 ℃, high-order incubation time HH1=2.5h, hh2=3h, hh3=4h;
the adopted cooling mode is as follows: the high-order temperature TH1=900 ℃ is air-cooled, the high-order temperature TH2=750 ℃ is water-cooled, and the high-order temperature TH3=500 ℃ is air-cooled.
The portal beam and the set screw adopted in the heat treatment method of the large wind tunnel curved surface flexible plate are made of high-temperature alloy steel, the high-temperature alloy steel has higher strength and rigidity in a high-temperature region, and the portal beam has the advantages of ingenious structure, convenience in disassembly and assembly, high installation precision and suitability for repeated disassembly and assembly.
The tool in the heat treatment method of the large wind tunnel curved surface flexible plate is made of 304 stainless steel, and the expansion coefficients of the 304 stainless steel and 022Cr12Ni10MoTi maraging stainless steel materials of the flexible plate are close to each other, so that the tool is suitable for being assembled into an assembly to be put into a furnace for heat treatment.
According to the heat treatment method for the curved-surface flexible plate of the large wind tunnel, the flexible plate is pressed on the tool by the aid of the door-shaped beam all the time in the heating and cooling processes of the flexible plate, so that the upper surface and the lower surface of the flexible plate are consistent in speed in the heating and cooling processes, the tool is subjected to finish machining after each heat treatment, the flexible plate is ensured to be attached to the tool, and the heat treatment of the flexible plate is completed through three heat treatments.
The heating speed, the heat preservation temperature, the heat preservation time and the cooling mode in the heat treatment method of the large wind tunnel curved surface flexible plate are subjected to numerical simulation calculation and test verification, so that the performance of the flexible plate and the curved surface precision of the flexible plate can be ensured, the heat treatment problem of the stainless steel curved surface flexible plate with the ultra-large specification and high strength of the large wind tunnel is solved, and the good effects of controllability and shape control are achieved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a flexible plate in a heat treatment method for a curved surface flexible plate of a large wind tunnel according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a tooling in the heat treatment method of a large wind tunnel curved flexible plate according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of an assembly in the heat treatment method for a large wind tunnel curved flexible plate according to the present invention.
In the figure, 1 is a flexible plate 2, 3 is a door-shaped beam.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
Example 1
The flexible plate 1 in this embodiment is a curved thin plate of 022Cr12Ni10MoTi maraging stainless steel with extra large gauge and high strength.
As shown in fig. 1, a flexible plate 1 processed by the heat treatment method for the large wind tunnel curved surface flexible plate of the embodiment has a length of 7000mm, a width of 2800mm and a thickness of only 45mm, and a surface thermocouple is mounted on the upper surface of the flexible plate 1; the tool 2 used in the heat treatment method is shown in figure 2, the tool 2 comprises a curved surface support at the lower part, a curved surface panel covering the curved surface support and a flow channel rib welded on the surface of the curved surface panel, the curved surface of the curved surface panel is consistent with the curved surface of a large-scale high-speed wind tunnel curved surface flexible plate, and the curved surface of the top surface of the flow channel rib is also consistent with the curved surface of the large-scale high-speed wind tunnel curved surface flexible plate; the heat treatment method comprises the following steps:
a. covering the flexible plate 1 on the surface of the tool 2, fixing the flexible plate 1 on the surface of the tool 2 through 10 groups of door-shaped beams 3 and set screws from front to back, checking and determining that the lower surface of the flexible plate 1 is completely attached to the top surface of the runner rib of the tool 2, and obtaining an assembly I shown in figure 3;
b. putting the assembly I into a furnace, starting from room temperature, heating to 850 ℃ at a primary temperature rise speed of 100 ℃/h, preserving heat for 0.5h at the primary temperature, then heating to 900 ℃ at a high-order temperature rise speed of 60 ℃/h, timing after a surface thermocouple of the flexible plate 1 reaches the high-order temperature of 900 ℃, and taking out of the furnace and air-cooling to room temperature after 2.5h of high-order heat preservation;
c. removing the door-shaped beam 3 of the assembly I, and performing finish machining on the runner ribs of the tool 2 until the curved surfaces of the top surfaces of the runner ribs are consistent with the curved surface of the large-scale high-speed wind tunnel curved surface flexible plate;
d. covering the flexible plate 1 on the surface of the tool 2, fixing the flexible plate 1 on the surface of the tool 2 through 10 groups of door-shaped beams 3 and set screws from front to back, checking to ensure that the lower surface of the flexible plate 1 is completely attached to the top surface of the runner rib of the tool 2, and obtaining a combined piece II;
e. putting the assembly II into a furnace, starting from room temperature, heating to 700 ℃ at a first-stage heating rate of 100 ℃/h, preserving heat for 0.5h at the first stage, then heating to 750 ℃ at a high-stage heating rate of 60 ℃/h, timing after a surface thermocouple of the flexible plate 1 reaches 750 ℃ at a high-stage temperature, preserving heat for 3h at the high stage, taking out of the furnace, and cooling to room temperature by water;
f. removing the door-shaped beam 3 of the assembly II, and performing finish machining on the runner ribs of the tool 2 until the curved surfaces of the top surfaces of the runner ribs are consistent with the curved surface of the large-scale high-speed wind tunnel curved surface flexible plate;
g. covering the flexible plate 1 on the surface of the tool 2, fixing the flexible plate 1 on the surface of the tool 2 through 10 groups of door-shaped beams 3 and set screws from front to back, checking and determining that the lower surface of the flexible plate 1 is completely attached to the top surface of the runner rib of the tool 2, and obtaining a combined piece III;
h. and putting the assembly III into a furnace, heating the assembly III to a high-order temperature of 500 ℃ from room temperature at a high-order heating speed of 60 ℃/h, timing after a surface thermocouple of the flexible plate 1 reaches the high-order temperature of 500 ℃, keeping the temperature for 4h at the high order, taking the assembly out of the furnace, and cooling the assembly to room temperature to finish heat treatment.
Furthermore, the material of the flexible plate 1 is 022Cr12Ni10MoTi maraging stainless steel.
Further, the tool 2 is made of 304 stainless steel.
Furthermore, the material of the door beam 3 and the set screw is high-temperature alloy steel.
The heat treatment method for the large-scale wind tunnel curved surface flexible plate of the embodiment verifies that the heating speed, the heat preservation temperature, the heat preservation time and the cooling mode of the embodiment can solve the problem of development of the large-scale wind tunnel curved surface flexible plate through numerical simulation calculation and two small-scale flexible plate heat treatment tests, ensures the profile precision of the flexible plate, and has good effects of shape control and shape control.
The embodiments of the present invention are disclosed as the preferred embodiments, but not limited thereto, and those skilled in the art can easily understand the spirit of the present invention and make various extensions and changes without departing from the spirit of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. The heat treatment method of the large wind tunnel curved surface flexible plate is characterized in that the length of the flexible plate (1) treated by the heat treatment method is larger than the width ≫, and the upper surface of the flexible plate (1) is provided with a surface thermocouple; the tool (2) used in the heat treatment method comprises a curved surface support at the lower part, a curved surface panel covering the curved surface support and a flow channel rib welded on the surface of the curved surface panel, wherein the curved surface of the curved surface panel is consistent with the curved surface of the large-scale high-speed wind tunnel curved surface flexible plate, and the curved surface of the top surface of the flow channel rib is also consistent with the curved surface of the large-scale high-speed wind tunnel curved surface flexible plate; the flexible plate (1) is made of 022Cr12Ni10MoTi maraging stainless steel; the heat treatment method comprises the following steps:
a. covering the flexible plate (1) on the surface of the tool (2), fixing the flexible plate (1) on the surface of the tool (2) through a plurality of groups of door-shaped beams (3) and set screws from front to back, checking and determining that the lower surface of the flexible plate (1) is completely attached to the top surface of the runner rib of the tool (2), and obtaining a combined part I;
b. putting the assembly I into a furnace, starting from room temperature, heating to a first-order temperature TL1 at a first-order heating speed delta TL1, preserving heat at the first order HL1, then heating to a high-order temperature TH1 at a high-order heating speed delta TH1, timing after a surface thermocouple of the flexible plate (1) reaches the high-order temperature TH1, preserving heat at the high order HH1, discharging the flexible plate out of the furnace, and cooling to room temperature;
c. removing the door-shaped beam (3) of the assembly I, and performing finish machining on the runner ribs of the tool (2) until the curved surfaces of the top surfaces of the runner ribs are consistent with the curved surface of the large-scale high-speed wind tunnel curved surface flexible plate;
d. covering the flexible plate (1) on the surface of the tool (2), fixing the flexible plate (1) on the surface of the tool (2) through a plurality of groups of door-shaped beams (3) and set screws from front to back, checking and determining that the lower surface of the flexible plate (1) is completely attached to the top surface of a runner rib of the tool (2), and obtaining a combined piece II;
e. putting the assembly II into a furnace, starting from room temperature, heating to an initial-stage temperature TL2 at an initial-stage heating speed delta TL2, preserving heat at the initial stage HL2, then heating to a high-stage temperature TH2 at a high-stage heating speed delta TH2, timing after a surface thermocouple of the flexible plate (1) reaches the high-stage temperature TH2, preserving heat at the high stage HH2, discharging the furnace, and cooling to room temperature by water;
f. removing the door-shaped beam (3) of the assembly II, and performing finish machining on the runner ribs of the tool (2) until the curved surfaces of the top surfaces of the runner ribs are consistent with the curved surface of the large-scale high-speed wind tunnel curved surface flexible plate;
g. covering the flexible plate (1) on the surface of the tool (2), fixing the flexible plate (1) on the surface of the tool (2) through a plurality of groups of door-shaped beams (3) and set screws from front to back, checking and determining that the lower surface of the flexible plate (1) is completely attached to the top surface of the runner rib of the tool (2), and obtaining a combined part III;
h. putting the assembly III into a furnace, starting from room temperature, heating to a high-order temperature TH3 at a high-order heating speed delta TH3, timing after a surface thermocouple of the flexible plate (1) reaches the high-order temperature TH3, keeping the temperature of HH3 at a high order, taking out of the furnace, air cooling to room temperature, and finishing heat treatment;
the initial-stage heating speeds are the same, and delta TL1= delta TL2; the primary temperature TL1 is more than TL2; the initial stage heat preservation time HL1= HL2;
the high-order heating speed is the same as Deltath 1= Deltath 2= Deltath 3; the high-order temperature TH1 is more than TH2 and more than TH3, and the high-order heat preservation time HH1 is more than HH2 and more than HH3;
the initial temperature rise speed delta TL1= delta TL2=100 ℃/h; primary temperature TL1=850 ℃, TL2=700 ℃; the initial stage heat preservation time HL1= HL2=0.5h;
the high-order temperature rise speed is delta TH1= delta TH2= delta TH3=60 ℃/h; high-order temperature TH1=900 ℃, TH2=750 ℃, TH3=500 ℃, high-order incubation time HH1=2.5h, hh2=3h, hh3=4h;
the cooling method adopted is as follows: the high-order temperature TH1=900 ℃ is air-cooled, the high-order temperature TH2=750 ℃ is water-cooled, and the high-order temperature TH3=500 ℃ is air-cooled.
2. The heat treatment method of the large wind tunnel curved flexible plate according to claim 1, wherein the tool (2) is made of 304 stainless steel.
3. The heat treatment method of the large wind tunnel curved flexible plate according to claim 1, wherein the material of the door beam (3) and the set screw is high-temperature alloy steel.
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| CN113375893B (en) * | 2021-08-12 | 2022-06-14 | 中国空气动力研究与发展中心高速空气动力研究所 | Continuous wind tunnel test method adopting reverse Brayton cycle to control temperature |
| CN117433484A (en) * | 2023-12-13 | 2024-01-23 | 中国空气动力研究与发展中心设备设计与测试技术研究所 | Wide-temperature-range wind tunnel multi-pivot flexible-wall spray pipe molded surface measuring device and measuring method |
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