CN113025290A - Double-sided human nano-coating particle capable of adjusting rheological property of drilling fluid - Google Patents
Double-sided human nano-coating particle capable of adjusting rheological property of drilling fluid Download PDFInfo
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- CN113025290A CN113025290A CN202110290986.0A CN202110290986A CN113025290A CN 113025290 A CN113025290 A CN 113025290A CN 202110290986 A CN202110290986 A CN 202110290986A CN 113025290 A CN113025290 A CN 113025290A
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- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K8/00—Compositions for drilling of boreholes or wells; Compositions for treating boreholes or wells, e.g. for completion or for remedial operations
- C09K8/02—Well-drilling compositions
- C09K8/03—Specific additives for general use in well-drilling compositions
- C09K8/032—Inorganic additives
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B21/00—Methods or apparatus for flushing boreholes, e.g. by use of exhaust air from motor
- E21B21/06—Arrangements for treating drilling fluids outside the borehole
- E21B21/068—Arrangements for treating drilling fluids outside the borehole using chemical treatment
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Abstract
The invention discloses a double-sided nano-coating particle capable of adjusting rheological property of drilling fluid, which takes silicon dioxide micron particles as a matrix, and titanium (Ti) -nickel (Ni) -titanium (Ti) coatings with nano-scale thickness are sequentially covered on the outer side of the particle. The double-sided man nano coating particles are polarized and then added into the drilling fluid, and then a magnetic field is applied at different positions or the strength of the magnetic field is changed, so that the rheological property of the drilling fluid is adjusted by using the double-sided man nano coating particles. The non-chemical solvent can be recovered and recycled, so that the use cost of the drilling fluid is greatly reduced; the linear structures are different under different magnetic fields, so that the rheological property is convenient to adjust, and the moving direction and the speed of the nano coating particles are controllable; different magnetic field strengths are given to different positions, the rheological property can be adjusted, the anisotropy of the rheological property of the drilling fluid is realized, and the drilling fluid has remarkable advantages compared with the traditional chemical reagent.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a particle with a surface incompletely covered with a nano metal coating, which is used for adjusting rheological property of drilling fluid and belongs to the technical field of drilling materials.
Background
The well wall is maintained to be stable and not to be separated from the drilling fluid in the exploration and development of energy and the deep geological drilling process. During drilling, a large amount of rock cuttings and debris is produced. Through circulation of the drilling fluid, the rock debris crushed by the drill bit is carried to the ground, a well is kept clean, tripping is smooth, the drill bit is ensured to be always in contact with and crush a new stratum at the bottom of the well, repeated cutting is not caused, and safe and rapid drilling is realized.
In the process, the carrying and suspension of the rock debris, well wall stabilization, hydraulic jet and the like are closely related to the rheological property of the drilling fluid. The traditional way to change the rheological properties of drilling fluids is to use viscosifiers or viscosity reducers, which are usually high molecular chemical materials, and the commonly used viscosifiers are carboxymethyl cellulose, pregelatinized starch, polyanion cellulose, XC biopolymer and the like.
The problems and disadvantages of the current conventional approaches are as follows:
after the chemical solvent is dissolved into the solution, the chemical solvent can hardly be recycled. Therefore, the consumption is huge in the drilling process, and higher cost is formed;
secondly, the chemical polymer material can permeate into an underground water system in the drilling process to pollute the environment;
and thirdly, in a drilling fluid system of the chemical additive, the viscosity and the shear force of the drilling fluid at different positions are consistent, and the anisotropy of rheological properties at different positions in the same solution cannot be realized.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide the double-sided man nano-coating particles capable of adjusting the rheological property of the drilling fluid, which can quickly and conveniently adjust the rheological property of the drilling fluid, have low cost and can be recycled.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following solutions:
a double-sided human nano-coating particle capable of adjusting rheological property of drilling fluid comprises,
silica microparticles;
a first titanium surface layer covering the outer surface of the silica micro-particles;
the nickel surface layer covers the outer surface of the first titanium surface layer;
a second titanium surface layer covering the outer surface of the nickel surface layer;
wherein, the first titanium surface layer does not completely cover the outer surface of the silicon dioxide micron particles, the nickel surface layer completely covers the first titanium surface layer, and the second titanium surface layer completely covers the nickel surface layer.
In the invention, the silicon dioxide microparticles used as the matrix do not react on magnetism, so that the stability of other metal covering layers (a first titanium surface layer, a nickel surface layer and a second titanium surface layer) is ensured, and on the other hand, the price of the silicon dioxide is lower, the total dosage of the drilling fluid is larger, and the silicon dioxide microparticles can be selected to ensure that the silicon dioxide microparticles are widely applied from the viewpoint of cost.
Preferably, the maximum particle size of the silica microparticles is equal to 3 μm;
the thickness of the first titanium surface layer is 2.5 nm;
the thickness of the nickel surface layer is 40 nm;
the thickness of the second titanium surface layer is 2.5 nm.
In the invention, the first titanium surface layer and the second titanium surface layer are both pure Ti layers, and the nickel surface layer is a pure Ni layer. The silica microparticles in the present invention are ideally standard spheres having an outer diameter of 3 μm, but since the silica microparticles are not all standard spheres in the actual production process, the maximum outer diameter of the standard spheres is required in the present invention, and the standard spheres closer to the outer diameter are more in line with the requirements of the present invention.
Further, 48% -52% of the outer surface of the silicon dioxide micro-particles is covered by the first titanium surface layer.
The polarized double-sided human nano-coating particles are added into the drilling fluid to adjust the rheological properties of the drilling fluid, wherein the rheological properties comprise apparent viscosity and plastic viscosity.
Furthermore, the rheological property of the drilling fluid is adjusted by controlling the speed and the direction of double-sided human nano coating particles in the drilling fluid. The control mode comprises setting different magnetic fields at different positions and changing the intensity of the magnetic field at the same position.
Furthermore, the double-sided human nano-coating particles are in a chain state in the drilling fluid.
A preparation method of the double-sided human nano-coating particle comprises the following steps,
s1, dispersing the silicon dioxide microparticles in the solution to finally form a silicon dioxide microparticle layer in a single-layer distribution state;
s2, performing first titanium deposition on the silicon dioxide micron particle layer in the S1 in a single-layer distribution state to form a first titanium surface layer;
s3, depositing a nickel surface layer on the outer surface of the first titanium surface layer;
s4, depositing a second titanium surface layer on the outer surface of the nickel surface layer;
and S5, polarizing the silicon dioxide microparticles subjected to the second titanium surface layer deposition in the S4.
Further, in S1, the silica microparticles are dispersed in deionized water, and the weight percentage of the silica microparticles in the deionized water solution is 0.03%, the deionized water solution containing the silica microparticles is added onto the glass slide, and is rotated at 1000RPM for 5S, then at 3000RPM for 15S, then at 3000RPM for 30S, and finally the rotation is stopped. Spin coating onto microscope slides was used to ensure sufficient particle counts.
Further, electron beam deposition, i.e., electron beam physical vapor deposition, is adopted in S2, S3, and S4, and the method for depositing the metal nano-coating on the surface of the silicon dioxide particles is a conventional method, which is not described herein again.
Further, in S5, the double-sided human nano-coated particles are made to form random dipoles by using a permanent magnet to the deionized water solution containing the double-sided human nano-coated particles, or the deionized water solution containing the double-sided human nano-coated particles is coated on the slide glass and uniform dipoles are generated by magnetic field polarization.
The invention is a double-sided human particle with a high-efficiency electromagnetic driving nano-scale coating, and can control the self-assembly form of the particle. The nanoparticle monolayer is tightly packed on a substrate (e.g., a glass slide) and metal is sputtered onto the particles by physical methods, while the thickness of the double-sided human particle metal coating can be controlled to alter particle properties. Double-sided human particles can self-assemble into clusters or chains under a magnetic field. In addition, the magnetic driving double-sided particles in the fluid can accurately control the speed and the direction, and the formed linear structure can change the rheological property of the drilling fluid and can be recycled.
Compared with the prior art, the invention provides the double-sided human nano-coating particles capable of adjusting the rheological property of the drilling fluid, and the scheme has the following advantages:
(1) the nano coating particles are non-chemical solvents, can be recovered and recycled, and greatly reduces the use cost of the drilling fluid;
(2) the linear structures are different under different magnetic fields, so that the rheological property is convenient to adjust, and the moving direction and the speed of the nano coating particles are controllable;
(3) different magnetic field strengths are given to different positions, the rheological property can be adjusted, and the anisotropy of the rheological property of the drilling fluid is realized, and all the functions can not be completed by the traditional chemical reagent.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a nanoparticle coating synthesized according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the final particle of the synthesized nano-coated particle of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view showing a state of particle diffusion observed by SEM;
FIG. 4 is a monolayer of particles arranged on a microscope slide, each particle having a dipole in the same direction;
FIG. 5 shows particles dispersed in a beaker, each particle having a different dipole orientation;
FIG. 6 is a schematic process diagram of assembly behavior of double-sided human particles under an electromagnetic field;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the assembly of particles into a linear structure.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the scope of the invention is not limited to the following.
It should be noted that in the description of the present invention, the terms "lateral", "longitudinal", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, and do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
The preparation method of the double-sided human nano coating particles comprises the following steps: first, 3 μm silica microparticles were dispersed in a deionized water solution at 0.03 weight percent. The above solution was added to a microscope slide to form a monolayer and large number of silica microparticle layers. The method comprises the following basic steps: spin at 1000RPM for 5 seconds, then 3000RPM for 15 seconds, then 3000RPM for 30 seconds, and finally stop spinning. The main purpose of high speed rotation on the microscope slide is to disperse the silica particles uniformly throughout, and the water can be removed by evaporation. In the method, the high-speed rotation centrifugal speed, the sequence and the concentration of the nano particles are adjusted and tested through experiments, and the silicon dioxide particles can be ensured not to be overlapped, so that the particles subjected to electron beam physical vapor deposition are all double-sided particles. As shown in fig. 1 and 2, titanium (Ti) -nickel (Ni) -titanium (Ti) layers are sequentially deposited on a glass slide using electron beam deposition.
For titanium (Ti) -nickel (Ni) -titanium (Ti) nanocoatings, the final deposited layer thicknesses were 2.5nm, 40nm, 2.5nm, respectively. The first layer of titanium (Ti) is for attaching Ni to the silica microparticles, while the outer layer (second layer) of titanium (Ti) is for preventing nickel (Ni) from oxidizing.
After the deposition of the metallic nanocoating, there are two ways to polarize the double-sided human particles.
The method comprises the following steps: the random dipoles on the particles are generated in the solution using a permanent magnet, i.e. a solution of silica microparticles in deionized water, in which the deposition of the titanium (Ti) -nickel (Ni) -titanium (Ti) nanocoating has been completed, is added to a container (e.g. a beaker), and then the solution is polarized using a permanent magnet, so that random dipoles are generated as shown in fig. 5, the direction of the arrows in fig. 5 indicating the direction of magnetization.
The second method comprises the following steps: the particles were polarized on a microscope slide to create uniform dipoles, as shown in fig. 4, by the process of: an appropriate amount of the silica nano-coated particle suspension is coated on a microscope slide, and then three magnetic fields of different sizes are applied in the same direction, respectively (for example, by using powerful electromagnets and under magnetic fields of 0.5T, 0.05T and 0.01T, respectively, for 5 minutes). The polarized particles are then removed from the microscope slide by ultrasound (i.e., the particles are removed from the microscope slide as a substrate by sonication in a deionized water solution). The particles are now polarized and randomly distributed. The particles are added to the solution at the later stage, and the particles begin to assemble into a chain shape in a constant magnetic field (e.g., a constant magnetic field generated by 3V DC/2A).
In the preparation process of the double-sided human nano-coating particles, the most important thing is to ensure that all the silicon dioxide micro-particles can cover about half (48% -52%) of the metal nano-surface layer, so whether the particles on the microscope glass slide are in a single layer and whether the number of the particles reaches the standard in the preparation process are checked at the same time. The single layer ensures that each particle is a double-sided human nanocoating particle after the metal nanocoating is applied.
Alternatively, a single layer of particles can be verified using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and optical microscopy. As shown in fig. 3(a), by SEM experiments, a large number of monolayer particles can be found in the image, and the particles are uniformly arranged in a limited space of the optical microscope image. Fig. 3(a) shows that the silica microparticles are uniformly dispersed on the micron scale, with no particles above or below other particles, without stacking, and in preparation for later stages where all particles cover half of the coating. Since the particle solution needs to be placed on a carbon belt for observation by the SEM apparatus, the particles are aggregated in the SEM image by gravity. FIG. 3(b) is an enlarged particle diagram, in which the elements and concentrations are measured by dotting on the particles, and the coating metal mass is calculated based on the atomic mass concentration, and the results show that the substrate particles are completely coated and the content is in accordance with the design value. Experimental results with an electron microscope show that the preparation method of the present invention can ensure that the number of particles is sufficient for the next coating process.
Two suspensions were used throughout the experiment: deionized water and aqueous polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP). The PVP solution contained 0.1 wt%, 0.5 wt% and 2 wt% PVP. 2 wt% PVP produced Maxwell fluid with a relaxation time of 10-3And second. The PVP solution was used in order to increase the resistance to particle flow, observing that the particles were also mobile in the resistant fluid.
To demonstrate the possibility of direct control of the microstructure and movement of the particles (silica double-sided human nanometal coated particles), this example shows the movement, assembly and disassembly of the particles in a constant magnetic field generated at 3V DC/2A by the sequence shown in fig. 6.
The reconstructed trace map and velocity map under the microscope reveal the turning curvature and velocity fluctuation of the particles under the electromagnetic field. In fig. 6(a, t ═ 0s), brownian motion produces a spatially uniform distribution of double-sided human particles in solution. Once the magnetic field is activated, cluster formation is observed and moves towards the magnetic source, as shown in fig. 6(b, t-428 s). By changing the position of the magnetic source, the direction of particle motion and the shape of the clusters due to the delicate balance between hydrodynamic interaction and interparticle forces can be controlled, as shown in fig. 6(c, t-1122 s), where the magnetic field position is changed in fig. 6(c, t-1122 s) relative to the magnetic field position in fig. 6(b, t-428 s), where the moving direction of the particles after clustering is marked by longer arrows and text in fig. 6(b, t-428 s) and fig. 6(c, t-1122 s) and smaller arrows mark the moving direction of different particles. When the magnetic source is turned off, the particle motion stops and the cluster becomes isotropic, as shown in fig. 6(d, t-1268 s). Eventually, brownian motion begins to prevail as the induced dipole decays and the clusters break, as in fig. 6(e, t 3068 s).
When the particles are polarized immediately after deposition, uniform dipoles are formed, the particles are self-assembled into chains instead of clusters all the time, and the rheological property of the drilling fluid can be adjusted after the particles are in chains. As shown in fig. 7, when subjected to an external magnetic field of a specific magnetic field strength, the longest chain observed is almost 60 μm (fig. 7(a) shows a long chain with a chain length L of 43.33 μm, but the long chain is not the longest long chain), the shortest chain is 10 μm (fig. 7(a) shows a short chain with a chain length L of 10 μm), and fig. 7(b), 7(c), and 7(d) sequentially show the particle chain formation process.
If the attractive force is insufficient, clusters or chains will not form due to low magnetic field strength or large average distance between particles. The maximum average distance between particles can be estimated by calculating the energy required for the displacement r to overcome brownian motion. To this end, the energy required for displacement will be approximately Fmag × r ≈ kBT, where kB is boltzmann's constant and T is absolute temperature. The above procedure gives a maximum average interval of 6 μm at a concentration of 8.16X 10-3 wt%. In addition, the rheological property of the double-sided human nanoparticle solution is tested, and the viscosity of the double-sided human nanoparticle solution can be adjusted between 1 and 5 mPas.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and all equivalent structural changes made by using the contents of the present specification and the drawings, or any other related technical fields, should be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A double-sided human nano-coating particle capable of adjusting rheological property of drilling fluid is characterized in that: comprises the steps of (a) preparing a mixture of a plurality of raw materials,
silica microparticles;
a first titanium surface layer covering the outer surface of the silica micro-particles;
the nickel surface layer covers the outer surface of the first titanium surface layer;
a second titanium surface layer covering the outer surface of the nickel surface layer;
wherein, the first titanium surface layer does not completely cover the outer surface of the silicon dioxide micron particles, the nickel surface layer completely covers the first titanium surface layer, and the second titanium surface layer completely covers the nickel surface layer.
2. The double-sided human nano-coating particles capable of adjusting rheological properties of drilling fluids according to claim 1, wherein the double-sided human nano-coating particles are characterized in that:
the maximum particle size of the silica microparticles is equal to 3 μm;
the thickness of the first titanium surface layer is 2.5 nm;
the thickness of the nickel surface layer is 40 nm;
the thickness of the second titanium surface layer is 2.5 nm.
3. The double-sided human nano-coating particles capable of adjusting rheological properties of drilling fluids according to claim 1, wherein the double-sided human nano-coating particles are characterized in that: the first titanium surface layer covers 48% -52% of the outer surface of the silicon dioxide micron particles.
4. The application of the double-sided human nano coating particles in the drilling fluid is characterized in that: the polarized double-sided human nano-coating particles are added into the drilling fluid and used for adjusting the rheological properties of the drilling fluid, wherein the rheological properties comprise apparent viscosity and plastic viscosity.
5. The use of the double-sided human nanocoating particles of claim 4 in drilling fluids, wherein: the rheological property of the drilling fluid is adjusted by controlling the speed and the direction of double-sided nano coating particles in the drilling fluid.
6. The use of the double-sided human nanocoating particles of claim 4 in drilling fluids, wherein: the double-sided human nano-coating particles are in a chain state in the drilling fluid.
7. A method for preparing double-sided human nano coating particles is characterized by comprising the following steps: comprises the steps of (a) preparing a mixture of a plurality of raw materials,
s1, dispersing the silicon dioxide microparticles in the solution to finally form a silicon dioxide microparticle layer in a single-layer distribution state;
s2, performing first titanium deposition on the silicon dioxide micron particle layer in the S1 in a single-layer distribution state to form a first titanium surface layer;
s3, depositing a nickel surface layer on the outer surface of the first titanium surface layer;
s4, depositing a second titanium surface layer on the outer surface of the nickel surface layer;
and S5, polarizing the silicon dioxide microparticles subjected to the second titanium surface layer deposition in the S4.
8. The method for preparing double-sided human nano-coating particles according to claim 7, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in S1, silica microparticles are dispersed in deionized water, wherein the weight percentage of the silica microparticles in the deionized water solution is 0.03%, the deionized water solution containing the silica microparticles is added onto the glass slide, rotated at 1000RPM for 5S, then at 3000RPM for 15S, then at 3000RPM for 30S, and finally stopped.
9. The method for preparing double-sided human nano-coating particles according to claim 4, wherein the method comprises the following steps: electron beam deposition is used in each of the S2, S3, and S4.
10. The method for preparing double-sided human nano-coating particles according to claim 4, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in S5, the double-sided human nano-coated particles are made to form random dipoles by using a permanent magnet to the deionized water solution containing the double-sided human nano-coated particles, or the deionized water solution containing the double-sided human nano-coated particles is coated on a slide glass and uniform dipoles are generated by magnetic field polarization.
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Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104204131A (en) * | 2012-01-27 | 2014-12-10 | 威廉马什莱斯大学 | Wellbore fluids incorporating magnetic carbon nanoribbons and magnetic functionalized carbon nanoribbons and methods of using the same |
| CN108530582A (en) * | 2017-03-03 | 2018-09-14 | 中国科学院化学研究所 | Multi-component Janus composite nano materials and preparation method thereof |
| CN109370549A (en) * | 2018-09-07 | 2019-02-22 | 中国石油大学(北京) | Suitable for the oil base drilling fluid super-amphiphobic Janus particle of silica and its preparation method and application for taking bits agent |
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Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104204131A (en) * | 2012-01-27 | 2014-12-10 | 威廉马什莱斯大学 | Wellbore fluids incorporating magnetic carbon nanoribbons and magnetic functionalized carbon nanoribbons and methods of using the same |
| CN108530582A (en) * | 2017-03-03 | 2018-09-14 | 中国科学院化学研究所 | Multi-component Janus composite nano materials and preparation method thereof |
| CN109370549A (en) * | 2018-09-07 | 2019-02-22 | 中国石油大学(北京) | Suitable for the oil base drilling fluid super-amphiphobic Janus particle of silica and its preparation method and application for taking bits agent |
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