CN113024616A - Preparation method of mango seed tannic acid - Google Patents
Preparation method of mango seed tannic acid Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN113024616A CN113024616A CN202110302793.2A CN202110302793A CN113024616A CN 113024616 A CN113024616 A CN 113024616A CN 202110302793 A CN202110302793 A CN 202110302793A CN 113024616 A CN113024616 A CN 113024616A
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- Prior art keywords
- extract
- solution
- silica gel
- mango seed
- mango
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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- 235000004936 Bromus mango Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 70
- 235000014826 Mangifera indica Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 70
- 235000009184 Spondias indica Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 70
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- 239000001263 FEMA 3042 Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 47
- LRBQNJMCXXYXIU-PPKXGCFTSA-N Penta-digallate-beta-D-glucose Natural products OC1=C(O)C(O)=CC(C(=O)OC=2C(=C(O)C=C(C=2)C(=O)OC[C@@H]2[C@H]([C@H](OC(=O)C=3C=C(OC(=O)C=4C=C(O)C(O)=C(O)C=4)C(O)=C(O)C=3)[C@@H](OC(=O)C=3C=C(OC(=O)C=4C=C(O)C(O)=C(O)C=4)C(O)=C(O)C=3)[C@H](OC(=O)C=3C=C(OC(=O)C=4C=C(O)C(O)=C(O)C=4)C(O)=C(O)C=3)O2)OC(=O)C=2C=C(OC(=O)C=3C=C(O)C(O)=C(O)C=3)C(O)=C(O)C=2)O)=C1 LRBQNJMCXXYXIU-PPKXGCFTSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 47
- 229920002258 tannic acid Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 47
- 235000015523 tannic acid Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 47
- LRBQNJMCXXYXIU-NRMVVENXSA-N tannic acid Chemical compound OC1=C(O)C(O)=CC(C(=O)OC=2C(=C(O)C=C(C=2)C(=O)OC[C@@H]2[C@H]([C@H](OC(=O)C=3C=C(OC(=O)C=4C=C(O)C(O)=C(O)C=4)C(O)=C(O)C=3)[C@@H](OC(=O)C=3C=C(OC(=O)C=4C=C(O)C(O)=C(O)C=4)C(O)=C(O)C=3)[C@@H](OC(=O)C=3C=C(OC(=O)C=4C=C(O)C(O)=C(O)C=4)C(O)=C(O)C=3)O2)OC(=O)C=2C=C(OC(=O)C=3C=C(O)C(O)=C(O)C=3)C(O)=C(O)C=2)O)=C1 LRBQNJMCXXYXIU-NRMVVENXSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 47
- 229940033123 tannic acid Drugs 0.000 title claims abstract description 47
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 7
- 240000007228 Mangifera indica Species 0.000 title 1
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- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000003480 eluent Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N methanoic acid Natural products OC=O BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 22
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- XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acetate Chemical compound CCOC(C)=O XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000012488 sample solution Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000011068 loading method Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- OSWFIVFLDKOXQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-(3-methoxyphenyl)aniline Chemical compound COC1=CC=CC(C=2C=CC(N)=CC=2)=C1 OSWFIVFLDKOXQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
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- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
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- GLMWWMZIEZJGMT-UHFFFAOYSA-N chloroform;formic acid;propan-2-one Chemical compound OC=O.CC(C)=O.ClC(Cl)Cl GLMWWMZIEZJGMT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
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- ROAYSRAUMPWBQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethanol;sulfuric acid Chemical compound CCO.OS(O)(=O)=O ROAYSRAUMPWBQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000007760 free radical scavenging Effects 0.000 description 2
- LNTHITQWFMADLM-UHFFFAOYSA-N gallic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC(O)=C(O)C(O)=C1 LNTHITQWFMADLM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- BAUYGSIQEAFULO-UHFFFAOYSA-L iron(2+) sulfate (anhydrous) Chemical compound [Fe+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O BAUYGSIQEAFULO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07H—SUGARS; DERIVATIVES THEREOF; NUCLEOSIDES; NUCLEOTIDES; NUCLEIC ACIDS
- C07H1/00—Processes for the preparation of sugar derivatives
- C07H1/06—Separation; Purification
- C07H1/08—Separation; Purification from natural products
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23F—COFFEE; TEA; THEIR SUBSTITUTES; MANUFACTURE, PREPARATION, OR INFUSION THEREOF
- A23F3/00—Tea; Tea substitutes; Preparations thereof
- A23F3/16—Tea extraction; Tea extracts; Treating tea extract; Making instant tea
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L2/00—Non-alcoholic beverages; Dry compositions or concentrates therefor; Their preparation
- A23L2/52—Adding ingredients
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L33/00—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof
- A23L33/10—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof using additives
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07H—SUGARS; DERIVATIVES THEREOF; NUCLEOSIDES; NUCLEOTIDES; NUCLEIC ACIDS
- C07H13/00—Compounds containing saccharide radicals esterified by carbonic acid or derivatives thereof, or by organic acids, e.g. phosphonic acids
- C07H13/02—Compounds containing saccharide radicals esterified by carbonic acid or derivatives thereof, or by organic acids, e.g. phosphonic acids by carboxylic acids
- C07H13/08—Compounds containing saccharide radicals esterified by carbonic acid or derivatives thereof, or by organic acids, e.g. phosphonic acids by carboxylic acids having the esterifying carboxyl radicals directly attached to carbocyclic rings
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12H—PASTEURISATION, STERILISATION, PRESERVATION, PURIFICATION, CLARIFICATION OR AGEING OF ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES; METHODS FOR ALTERING THE ALCOHOL CONTENT OF FERMENTED SOLUTIONS OR ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES
- C12H1/00—Pasteurisation, sterilisation, preservation, purification, clarification, or ageing of alcoholic beverages
- C12H1/02—Pasteurisation, sterilisation, preservation, purification, clarification, or ageing of alcoholic beverages combined with removal of precipitate or added materials, e.g. adsorption material
- C12H1/04—Pasteurisation, sterilisation, preservation, purification, clarification, or ageing of alcoholic beverages combined with removal of precipitate or added materials, e.g. adsorption material with the aid of ion-exchange material or inert clarification material, e.g. adsorption material
- C12H1/0416—Pasteurisation, sterilisation, preservation, purification, clarification, or ageing of alcoholic beverages combined with removal of precipitate or added materials, e.g. adsorption material with the aid of ion-exchange material or inert clarification material, e.g. adsorption material with the aid of organic added material
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A23V2002/00—Food compositions, function of food ingredients or processes for food or foodstuffs
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- Pharmacology & Pharmacy (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention discloses a preparation method of mango seed tannic acid, and belongs to the field of food technology and biotechnology. The mango seed tannin extract is prepared by taking mango seeds as a raw material through alcohol extraction and macroporous resin and silica gel column chromatography purification methods. The mango seed tannin extract prepared by the invention has obvious functions of bacteriostasis, antioxidation and the like, and can be further researched and developed as an antioxidation health product or medicament.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a preparation method of mango seed tannic acid, and belongs to the field of food technology and biotechnology.
Background
Tannic acid (tannic acid), also known as tannic acid and tannin, is a complex macromolecular polyphenol compound in pharmacopoeia, the traditional definition of the tannic acid is that the tannic acid and tannin can precipitate water-soluble polyphenol compounds of alkaloid, gelatin and other proteins, the tannic acid has strong biological and pharmacological activities, has strong binding capacity with proteins, is reactive with alkaloid, enzyme, metal ions and the like, has strong surface activity, and has direct biological curative effect on certain injuries of human bodies. Therefore, it is widely used in industries such as medicine, food, cosmetics, tanning, metallurgy, printing and dyeing, and mineral separation.
The mango belongs to fruit with mild nature, sweet taste, thirst quenching and body fluid generating functions and has the effects of benefiting stomach, preventing vomiting and preventing dizziness. The tannic acid contained in the mango has obvious effects of resisting peroxidation, inhibiting bacteria and the like.
Guangxi, as one of the main provinces for producing a few mangos in China, has the advantages of rich mango resources, various varieties and the like, but the mango deep processing industry is urgently needed to be further developed mainly by fresh production place marketing in the current market and assisted by small amount of processing into fruit juice, preserved fruit and pulp. The waste from the mango production process has been discarded or fed to livestock in the past.
Therefore, if tannin can be extracted from the wastes generated in mango production and processing, the comprehensive utilization value of mangoes can be improved.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problems and provides a preparation method of mango seed tannin, which fully utilizes natural resources to extract mango seed tannin with higher purity and content from mango seeds, and the used reagents are safe and nontoxic and accord with food safety; the method has simple process, is suitable for large-scale production and has wide application prospect.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a preparation method of a mango seed tannin extract is characterized by comprising the following steps: drying and crushing mango seeds, extracting with alcohol to obtain an extracting solution, concentrating or further drying the extracting solution to obtain an extract A, dissolving the extract A with ethanol, adsorbing with macroporous adsorption resin, and eluting with an ethanol solution with the volume fraction of 20-70% to obtain an eluent containing a tannin component; concentrating or further drying the eluate to obtain extract B, dissolving extract B with ethanol, separating by silica gel column chromatography to obtain fraction containing tannic acid, and removing solvent from the fraction, concentrating or further drying to obtain mango seed tannic acid extract.
Further, the method comprises the steps of:
(1) taking mango seeds, drying and crushing to obtain mango seed powder;
(2) taking mango seed powder, adding 20-90% ethanol solution by volume fraction for extraction to obtain an extracting solution, and performing reduced pressure concentration or further vacuum freeze drying on the extracting solution to obtain an extract A;
(3) dissolving the extract A obtained in the step (2) by using water or ethanol solution with volume fraction less than 50%, and removing insoluble substances to obtain macroporous adsorption resin sample loading solution; loading the macroporous adsorption resin sample solution on a nonpolar or low-polarity macroporous adsorption resin column, washing with water to remove impurities, eluting with 20-70% ethanol solution, and collecting eluate;
wherein the macroporous adsorbent resin is selected from HPD-722, HPD-826, LX-17, LX-26, LX-28, SP70, SP700, AB-8, DM21 or D101, preferably macroporous resin AB-8, DM21, D101, more preferably AB-8.
(4) And (3) concentrating the eluent collected in the step (3) under reduced pressure or further performing vacuum freeze drying to obtain an extract B, dissolving the extract B with water or an ethanol solution with the volume fraction of less than 40%, removing insoluble substances to obtain a silica gel column sample solution, performing silica gel column chromatography separation on the silica gel column sample solution, performing thin-layer chromatography analysis, collecting and combining fractions containing tannic acid, and performing reduced pressure concentration or further vacuum freeze drying to obtain the mango seed tannic acid extract.
Further, in the step (2), the extracting is: 1kg of mango seed powder and 20-90% ethanol solution according to the material-liquid ratio: (2-50) mixing, extracting at 70-80 deg.C under reflux, soaking or percolating for 2-5 times, filtering, and mixing filtrates to obtain extractive solution; wherein the hot reflux extraction is carried out for 1-3h each time, and the immersion extraction or the percolation extraction is carried out for 10-15 days each time.
Further, the silica gel column chromatography separation of the step (4) is as follows: adding the silica gel column sample solution into a silica gel chromatographic column, and performing gradient elution by using a mixed solution of chloroform, acetone and formic acid with the volume ratio of 95:4:1, 94:5:1, 93:6:1, 92:7:1 and 90:9:1 in sequence;
further, the dosage of the chloroform, acetone and formic acid mixed solution is 1-10 times of the column volume.
Further, in the step (4), the flow rate of the silica gel column chromatography is controlled at 2 mL/min.
Further, in the step (4), the developing solvent used for the thin layer chromatography is chloroform: acetone: formic acid 9:0.9:0.1 or petroleum ether: acetone: formic acid 7.9:2:0.1 or petroleum ether: ethyl acetate: formic acid 6:3.9:0.1 or cyclohexane: ethyl acetate: formic acid 6.9:3:0.1 or chloroform: methanol is 6: 1.
The invention comprises the mango seed tannin extract prepared by the method.
The invention also comprises the application of the mango seed tannin extract in food additives, health products or medicines.
Wherein the food additive comprises a clarifier or stabilizer for wine, fruit juice beverage or tea beverage; the health care products or the medicines comprise health care products or medicines with bacteriostatic and antioxidant activities.
Due to the adoption of the technical scheme, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) the invention provides a method for preparing a tannin extract from mango seeds. The purity of tannic acid in the obtained extract can reach 75-88%.
(2) The tannin extract prepared from the mango seeds has bacteriostatic and antioxidant activities, and can be applied to the field of health care products or medicines.
(3) The mango seed raw material adopted by the invention has abundant resources in China; the tannin with bioactivity is extracted and purified from mango kernels, so that waste is changed into valuable, and the comprehensive utilization value of mangoes is improved.
(4) The method has simple process, and the used reagent is safe and nontoxic, is suitable for large-scale production and has very wide economic prospect.
Detailed Description
The technical content of the present invention will be further described with reference to the following examples, which are illustrative and not restrictive, and the scope of the present invention is not limited by the following examples.
The instrumentation, chemicals and detection methods used in the examples were as follows:
instruments and equipment: FW100 high speed universal pulverizer, Tensted instruments, Inc. of Tianjin; UPC-II-20T super water purifier series, Sichuan super pure science and technology Limited; SQP electronic balance, sydows scientific instruments (beijing) ltd; ZWYR-D2403 shaking incubator, Shanghai Zhicheng Analyzer manufacturing, Inc.; SHZ-DIII Yuanhua brand circulating water vacuum pump, Consumer company of Yunhua instruments in Hill; HHS-6S electronic constant temperature stainless steel water bath, Shanghai Yichang instrument yarn sieve factory; UV1901PC ultraviolet visible spectrophotometer, shanghai analytical science instruments ltd;
chemical reagents: anhydrous sodium carbonate, methanol, ethanol, acetone, ethyl acetate, a folin phenol reagent, a gallic acid standard substance, a tannic acid standard substance, various types of macroporous resins, a silica gel plate and the like are all provided by the national medicine group.
Determination of the content of tannic acid in the tannic acid extract:
drawing a tannic acid standard curve: weigh tannic acid 50mg into a 50mL volumetric flask. Adding distilled water to dissolve, diluting to desired volume, and mixing. Then diluted 10 times by distilled water to obtain 0.1mg/mL standard solution. 0, 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0, 2.5, 3.0, 3.5mL of tannic acid standard solution was aspirated, and each was placed in a 10mL volumetric flask containing 6mL of distilled water, 0.5mL of Folin-Denis reagent and 1mL of saturated Na2C03 solution were added, and diluted to 10mL with water, mixed well, and the absorbance value was measured at 650nm after 30 min. The volume of the aspirated standard solution was plotted on the ordinate. And (5) plotting the absorbance as an abscissa to obtain a tannic acid standard curve.
Respectively sucking 1, 5, 10, 15 and 20mL of standard solution into a 200mL volumetric flask, adding water for dilution and fixing the volume to a scale mark, and preparing reference product diluent with the mass concentration of 1.0, 2.0, 4.0, 6.0, 8.0, 10.0, 12.0, 14.0, 16.0 and 20 mu g/mL < -1 > in sequence. Measuring absorbance of control solution with different concentrations under the maximum absorption wavelength of ultraviolet spectrum measurement of standard solution with pure water as reference, repeating the measurement for 3 times, and taking the average value. And (3) drawing a standard curve by taking the mass concentration (rho) of the tannic acid standard solution as an abscissa and the corresponding absorbance (A) as an ordinate. Preparing 20 mu g/mL-1 tannic acid test sample detection solutions from the separated and purified samples, diluting the solutions by 1000 times respectively, measuring the absorbance, calculating the mass concentration of tannic acid according to a standard curve regression equation, calculating the mass of tannic acid, and calculating the purity of tannic acid in the tannic acid extraction solution, namely the purity of the tannic acid of mango core is 100% (mass concentration of the tannic acid of mango core in the extraction solution multiplied by dilution times, volume of the extraction solution)/dry mass of the tannic acid extraction solution.
Determination of antioxidant Activity:
determination of the hydroxyl radical scavenging capacity: respectively putting sample liquids to be tested with different mass concentrations into 5 test tubes, respectively adding ferrous sulfate and hydrogen peroxide, standing for 10min, adding salicylic acid, standing at 510nmeasurement of the absorbance A at m1Using distilled water instead of salicylic acid to determine the absorbance value A according to the method2Using distilled water to replace the liquid to be measured to measure the absorbance value A according to the method0，VCFor comparison, the hydroxyl radical scavenging rate of the tannin substance is calculated according to the following formula: hydroxy radical (%) ═ a0-(A1-A2)]/(A0)*100(％)。
Measurement of DPPH scavenging ability: respectively taking 2.0mL of active ingredient sample solutions with different mass concentrations (1.0, 5.0, 10.0, 15.0, mango seed active ingredient sample solutions in 5 test tubes, respectively adding 2mL of DPPH (0.04mg/mL), standing for 20min, and detecting absorbance A at 517nm1(ii) a Absorbance A was measured in the above-mentioned manner in place of DPPH2(ii) a Blank set determination of Absorbance A0With VCFor comparison, the clearance of DPPH free radicals by the sample: DPPH clearance (%) - [1- (a)1-A2)/A0]*100(％)。
Example 1: the invention discloses a crude extraction method of mango seed tannic acid
Coarse extraction: drying and crushing mango seeds, weighing 1kg of mango seed powder, adding 20L of ethanol with the volume fraction of 50%, carrying out hot reflux extraction for three times at 70-80 ℃ for 1h each time, combining extracting solutions, carrying out reduced pressure concentration on the extracting solutions to obtain an extract A, dissolving the extract A with 10 times of water by weight, and filtering out insoluble substances to obtain a macroporous adsorption resin sample solution.
Example 2: macroporous adsorption resin and silica gel column chromatography purification process
(1) Loading macroporous adsorption resin on a column: loading the macroporous adsorption resin sample solution obtained in the example 1 on macroporous adsorption resin AB-8, controlling the flow rate of an effluent to be 0.5BV/h, and controlling the volume ratio of the macroporous adsorption resin sample solution to the macroporous adsorption resin AB-8 to be 2: 1.
(2) Elution of macroporous adsorbent resin: washing with water to remove impurities, eluting with 5BV of 30% ethanol at a flow rate of 2BV/h, and collecting the eluate.
(3) Silica gel column chromatography:
loading: vacuum drying the eluent obtained in the step (2) at 70-80 ℃ to obtain an extract B, dissolving the extract B by using 35% of ethanol with the volume fraction as small as possible, adding a small amount of 200-mesh silica gel, uniformly stirring, performing rotary evaporation until no ethanol smell exists to obtain a sample, pouring the sample into a packed silica gel chromatographic column, flattening the surface of the sample, and covering the surface of the sample with a layer of quartz sand to prevent the sample from being dispersed when an eluent is added; wherein the total mass ratio of the sample after vacuum drying to the silica gel is 1: 120.
And (3) column passing and elution collection: when the loading is finished, adding eluents with different gradients into the column for gradient elution, wherein the eluents are chloroform: acetone: eluting with 3 times of column volume of eluent at flow rate of 2mL/min, collecting fractions every 20mL, and recovering eluting solvent in a vacuum rotary evaporator at temperature lower than 40 deg.C to obtain separated component, namely mango seed tannin extract.
Qualitative identification of silica gel chromatographic column separation components: detecting whether the collected separated components are the same component or not by a silica gel thin-layer chromatography plate, combining the same components, and after the combination is finished, carrying out color reaction by adopting 10% sulfuric acid-ethanol solution and iodine to preliminarily and qualitatively judge each elution component.
The results showed that the tannin-containing fraction separated by silica gel chromatography was dried to obtain a tannin extract having a purity of tannin of 88.3%.
Example 3: the purity of tannic acid obtained by separating different macroporous adsorbent resin eluents through a silica gel chromatographic column
(1) Loading macroporous adsorption resin on a column: the sample solution obtained in example 1 is loaded on a column of macroporous adsorption resin AB-8, the flow rate of effluent is controlled to be 0.5BV/h, and the volume ratio of the sample loading to the resin AB-8 is 2:1, until all the extract enters a resin bed.
(2) Eluting with 5BV of water, 5%, 10%, 20%, 30%, 40%, 50% ethanol (volume fraction) at a flow rate of 2BV/h, and collecting the eluate according to the volume of the resin.
(3) Silica gel column chromatography:
loading: vacuum drying the eluent obtained in the step (2) at 70-80 ℃ to obtain an extract B, dissolving the extract B by using 35% of ethanol with the volume fraction as small as possible, adding a small amount of 200-mesh silica gel, uniformly stirring, performing rotary evaporation until no ethanol smell exists to obtain a sample, pouring the sample into a packed silica gel chromatographic column, flattening the surface of the sample, and covering the surface of the sample with a layer of quartz sand to prevent the sample from being dispersed when an eluent is added; wherein the total mass ratio of the sample after vacuum drying to the silica gel is 1: 120.
And (3) column passing and elution collection: when the loading is finished, adding eluents with different gradients into the column for gradient elution, wherein the eluents are chloroform: acetone: eluting with 3 times of column volume of eluent at flow rate of 2mL/min, collecting fractions every 20mL, and recovering eluting solvent in a vacuum rotary evaporator at temperature lower than 40 deg.C to obtain separated component, namely mango seed tannin extract.
Qualitative identification of silica gel chromatographic column separation components: detecting whether the collected separated components are the same component or not by a silica gel thin-layer chromatography plate, combining the same components, and after the combination is finished, carrying out color reaction by adopting 10% sulfuric acid-ethanol solution and iodine to preliminarily and qualitatively judge each elution component.
The results showed that the tannin purity of the extract from water eluent was about 10%, the tannin purity of the extract from 5% ethanol eluent was about 15%, the tannin purity of the extract from 10% ethanol eluent was about 30%, the tannin purity of the extract from 20% ethanol eluent was about 45%, the tannin purity of the extract from 30% ethanol eluent was about 88%, the tannin purity of the extract from 40% ethanol eluent was about 30%, and the tannin purity of the extract from 50% ethanol eluent was about 10% in the mango seed tannin extract.
Example 4: the mango seed tannic acid obtained by the method has antibacterial and antioxidant properties
Determination of the bacteriostatic effect:
activating test strains on slant culture medium, and picking out the loop with inoculating loopShaking in 50mL sterile physiological saline triangular flask for 10min (containing several glass beads) for 1-2 rings, and making into bacterial suspension about 10%8CFU/mL is reserved. Weighing a certain amount of vacuum freeze-dried mango seed tannin extract sample obtained in example 2, and dissolving the sample with sterile 30% ethanol water solution on a clean bench to a required concentration for later use. Sterilizing fresh culture medium at 121 deg.C, and pouring the culture medium into sterilized culture medium on a clean bench when the culture medium is cooled to 50-60 deg.C
After the plate is cooled, 0.5mL of bacterial suspension is added into each dish, and a triangular glass coating rod is used for uniformly coating the plate for later use. And (3) immersing the sterile filter paper sheet into the prepared liquid medicine for 12h, and draining. 3 pieces of aseptic paper with medicine are arranged on each bacteria-containing flat plate in a regular triangle, bacteria are cultured for 24 hours at 37 ℃, beer yeast and aspergillus niger are cultured for 5 days at 30 ℃, and the diameter of the inhibition zone is measured. The bacteriostatic effect is determined according to the size of the bacteriostatic zone. The control was made by adding the bacterial suspension without adding mango core tannic acid solution. The result shows that the mango seed tannin has strong bacteriostatic effect.
Research on antioxidant activity of mango seed tannin substances:
hydroxyl is the most active oxidative free radical, can induce the body to generate oxidative damage, and the clearance rate is often an important index for the anti-oxidation effect of the reaction medicament. Likewise, superoxide anion is also the major active oxygen free radical of the organism, and lipid peroxidation in vivo caused by superoxide anion is an important cause of aging, cardiovascular diseases and tumorigenesis of the organism. The scavenging capacity of hydroxyl free radical of mango seed tannic acid is increased along with the increase of the concentration of tannic acid, and the scavenging rate can reach about 90% when the concentration of the mango seed tannic acid reaches 0.05-0.30mg/mL, which shows that the mango seed tannic acid has stronger effect of scavenging the hydroxyl free radical and the scavenging effect is more than VCHas strong clearing effect. The research of the invention finds that the DPPH free radical scavenging capacity of the mango seed tannin extract in example 2 is increased along with the increase of the tannin concentration, and when the concentration reaches 0.06-0.45mg/mL, the DPPH free radical scavenging capacity is increasedIn the above process, the clearance rate of DPPH free radicals can reach 89%, which shows that mango seed tannic acid has a strong effect of clearing DPPH free radicals. The data show that mango kernel tannin has good cleaning capability on hydroxyl free radicals and DPPH free radicals, and research results provide reference for comprehensive utilization of mango kernel resources and development of corresponding functional foods.
Example 5: the mango seed tannin obtained by the method has anti-inflammatory effect
When the mango seed tannin extract (30% ethanol elution part) of example 2 is subjected to xylene-induced mouse ear swelling and foot swelling model establishment, the mango seed tannin extract has a good anti-inflammatory effect, and when the administration dose reaches 0.5g/kg and 0.15g/kg respectively, the inhibition effect on the mouse ear swelling and foot swelling is equivalent to that of the positive drug indometacin of 20 mg/kg.
Example 6: clarification experiment
Under the conditions of room temperature and natural pH value, respectively taking 25ml of raw wine, adding a certain amount of clarifying agent into a 50ml colorimetric tube, uniformly stirring, standing, taking supernate after wine liquid is clarified, determining the clarity and chromaticity, determining the reasonable amount of mango seed tannic acid when in action, and displaying that the mango seed tannic acid is used as the clarifying agent, the highest light transmittance of the wine body can reach 50%, but the reduction range of the wine body chromaticity is slightly larger, and the main physicochemical components, the amino acid content and the like are lost. The mango seed tannin, chitosan, gelatin and egg white liquid are compounded to be used as a clarifying agent, so that the optimal clarifying effect of the wild grape wine is that the light transmittance of the wine body is about 70%, and the change of the wine body chromaticity, the main physicochemical components, the amino acid content and the like is small.
The present invention has been described in detail with reference to the embodiments, but the embodiments are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. Various changes and modifications can be made by one skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, and the scope of the invention should be determined by the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. A preparation method of a mango seed tannin extract is characterized by comprising the following steps: drying and crushing mango seeds, extracting with alcohol to obtain an extracting solution, concentrating or further drying the extracting solution to obtain an extract A, dissolving the extract A with ethanol, adsorbing with macroporous adsorption resin, and eluting with an ethanol solution with the volume fraction of 20-70% to obtain an eluent containing a tannin component; concentrating or further drying the eluate to obtain extract B, dissolving extract B with ethanol, separating by silica gel column chromatography to obtain fraction containing tannic acid, and removing solvent from the fraction, concentrating or further drying to obtain mango seed tannic acid extract.
2. Method according to claim 1, characterized in that it comprises the following steps:
(1) taking mango seeds, drying and crushing to obtain mango seed powder;
(2) taking mango seed powder, adding 20-90% ethanol solution by volume fraction for extraction to obtain an extracting solution, and performing reduced pressure concentration or further vacuum freeze drying on the extracting solution to obtain an extract A;
(3) dissolving the extract A obtained in the step (2) by using water or ethanol solution with volume fraction less than 50%, and removing insoluble substances to obtain macroporous adsorption resin sample loading solution; loading the macroporous adsorption resin sample solution on a nonpolar or low-polarity macroporous adsorption resin column, washing with water to remove impurities, eluting with 20-70% ethanol solution, and collecting eluate;
(4) and (3) concentrating the eluent collected in the step (3) under reduced pressure or further performing vacuum freeze drying to obtain an extract B, dissolving the extract B with water or an ethanol solution with the volume fraction of less than 40%, removing insoluble substances to obtain a silica gel column sample solution, performing silica gel column chromatography separation on the silica gel column sample solution, performing thin-layer chromatography analysis, collecting and combining fractions containing tannic acid, and performing reduced pressure concentration or further vacuum freeze drying to obtain the mango seed tannic acid extract.
3. The method according to claim 2, wherein in the step (2), the extracting is: 1kg of mango seed powder and 20-90% ethanol solution according to the material-liquid ratio: (2-50) mixing, extracting at 70-80 deg.C under reflux, soaking or percolating for 2-5 times, filtering, and mixing filtrates to obtain extractive solution; wherein the hot reflux extraction is carried out for 1-3h each time, and the immersion extraction or the percolation extraction is carried out for 10-15 days each time.
4. The method as claimed in claim 2, wherein the silica gel column chromatography separation of the step (4) is: adding the silica gel column sample solution into a silica gel chromatographic column, and performing gradient elution by using a mixed solution of chloroform, acetone and formic acid with the volume ratio of 95:4:1, 94:5:1, 93:6:1, 92:7:1 and 90:9:1 in sequence.
5. The method according to claim 4, wherein the amount of the chloroform-acetone-formic acid mixture is 1 to 10 times the column volume.
6. The method as claimed in claim 2, wherein in the step (4), the flow rate of the silica gel column chromatography is controlled to be 2 mL/min.
7. The method according to claim 2, wherein in the step (4), the developing solvent for the thin layer chromatography is chloroform: acetone: formic acid 9:0.9:0.1 or petroleum ether: acetone: formic acid 7.9:2:0.1 or petroleum ether: ethyl acetate: formic acid 6:3.9:0.1 or cyclohexane: ethyl acetate: formic acid 6.9:3:0.1 or chloroform: methanol is 6: 1.
8. The mango seed tannin extract prepared by the method of any one of claims 1 to 7.
9. Use of the mango seed tannin extract of claim 8 in food additives, health products or medicines.
10. Use according to claim 9, wherein the food additive comprises a clarifier or stabilizer for an alcoholic, fruit juice or tea beverage; the health care products or the medicines comprise health care products or medicines with bacteriostatic and antioxidant activities.
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