CN113024053B - Medical sludge inactivation, dehydration, closed circulation and drying HSDD treatment process and device - Google Patents

Medical sludge inactivation, dehydration, closed circulation and drying HSDD treatment process and device Download PDF

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Publication number
CN113024053B
CN113024053B CN202110219411.XA CN202110219411A CN113024053B CN 113024053 B CN113024053 B CN 113024053B CN 202110219411 A CN202110219411 A CN 202110219411A CN 113024053 B CN113024053 B CN 113024053B
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sludge
unit
ozone
negative pressure
clo
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CN113024053A (en
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戴月珍
史云祥
杨俊�
杨斌
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Jiangsu Hongyang Environmental Protection Co ltd
Nanjing Dashan Environmental Technology Co ltd
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Jiangsu Hongyang Environmental Protection Co ltd
Nanjing Dashan Environmental Technology Co ltd
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F11/00—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
    • C02F11/004—Sludge detoxification
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
    • A61L9/00—Disinfection, sterilisation or deodorisation of air
    • A61L9/01—Deodorant compositions
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
    • A61L9/00—Disinfection, sterilisation or deodorisation of air
    • A61L9/015—Disinfection, sterilisation or deodorisation of air using gaseous or vaporous substances, e.g. ozone
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/02—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F11/00—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
    • C02F11/12—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening
    • C02F11/13—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening by heating
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
    • A61L2209/00—Aspects relating to disinfection, sterilisation or deodorisation of air
    • A61L2209/20—Method-related aspects
    • A61L2209/22—Treatment by sorption, e.g. absorption, adsorption, chemisorption, scrubbing, wet cleaning

Abstract

The invention discloses a medical sludge inactivation, dehydration, closed circulation and drying HSDD treatment process and a device, which comprises a control unit, a negative pressure suction unit, a flocculation sterilization treatment unit, a centrifugal dehydration unit, a heat pump closed circulation low-temperature drying unit, a conveying and packaging unit, a tail gas treatment unit and an ozone generation unit, wherein the whole process works in a closed negative pressure environment, so that bacteria-containing aerosol is prevented from overflowing and diffusing, and the biological safety is ensured.

Description

Medical sludge inactivation, dehydration, closed circulation and drying HSDD treatment process and device
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of medical sludge treatment, in particular to a sludge inactivation dehydration closed circulation drying HSDD treatment process and device for a medical institution.
Background
The sludge of the medical institution is solid waste generated in the wastewater treatment process of the medical institution; can be divided into septic tank sludge, primary sludge, excess sludge, chemical (coagulating) precipitated sludge, digested sludge and the like, and the sludge amount generated by medical institutions is related to the scale uniformity and treatment process of the medical institutions.
Chlorine dioxide CLO is commonly used for general sludge/sewage 2 The ClO2 can kill all microorganisms including bacterial propagules,Cell spores, fungi, mycobacteria, viruses and the like can effectively remove reducing ions such as 2-valent iron ions, 2-valent manganese ions, negative 2-valent sulfur ions and the like in inorganic matters, effectively destroy trace organic pollutants in water, such as benzopyrene anthraquinone, chloroform, carbon tetrachloride, phenol, chlorophenol, cyanide, hydrogen sulfide, organic sulfide and the like, and can also perform deodorization and sludge oxidation treatment.
However, the sludge generated by medical institutions has the particularity that the sludge has high water content, contains organic matters, contains a large amount of pathogenic bacteria, viruses and parasitic ova, contains a large amount of organic matters and suspended matters to adsorb and hide pathogens, and when the water temperature is low, the disinfection effect is influenced due to poor disinfection effect of chlorine, so that the requirement on the sludge treatment process is high, and if the sludge is not properly and thoroughly treated, the human health can be seriously harmed.
At present, the sludge treatment method produced by medical institutions is mainly characterized in that a plate-frame village filter, a stacked spiral dehydrator, a belt filter press and a centrifuge are used for treatment, the water content of the treated sludge is still high, secondary pollution (bacteria-containing aerosol) to the atmosphere exists, and pathogen diffusion risk exists.
At present, sludge generated by medical institutions is used as hazardous waste to be incinerated by qualified units. However, in the initial dehydration treatment of sludge in the early stage in the medical institution, the water content in the sludge is high (about 80%), the treatment cost is high, and the transportation is difficult. There are biosafety risks in transportation. High water content and difficult incineration.
In recent years, SARS virus, HIV virus, H1N1, H7N9, avian influenza virus, new corona virus, and the like have appeared, and are harmful to human health, and sludge generated in medical institutions is more harmful and needs to be properly disposed of.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to: in order to overcome the defects in the prior art, the invention provides a medical sludge inactivation, dehydration, closed circulation and drying HSDD treatment process and device, aiming at solving the potential biosafety risks of incomplete sludge discharge and sterilization, high sludge discharge water content, high energy consumption, bacteria-containing aerosol generated in the treatment process, open sludge treatment and transportation, close contact between people and sludge and the like in the prior art.
The technical scheme is as follows: in order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
the utility model provides a medical treatment sludge deactivation dehydration closed cycle stoving HSDD processing apparatus, includes the control unit, negative pressure suction unit, flocculation sterilization processing unit, centrifugal dehydration unit, the closed cycle low temperature drying unit of heat pump, carries packing unit, tail gas processing unit, ozone generation unit, wherein:
the negative pressure pumping unit is used for generating a negative pressure environment for the flocculation sterilization treatment unit, the heat pump closed circulation low-temperature drying unit, the conveying and packaging unit, the first sealing conveyor and the second sealing conveyor according to the control of the control unit.
The flocculation sterilization treatment unit is used for adding a flocculating agent and CLO 2 The solution and the ozone disinfect and flocculate the medical sludge in a negative pressure environment, and the flocculated medical sludge is conveyed to a centrifugal dehydration unit.
The centrifugal dehydration unit is used for performing centrifugal dehydration on the flocculated medical sludge to obtain solid annular layer sludge, and the solid annular layer sludge is conveyed to the heat pump closed circulation low-temperature drying unit through the sealed conveyor.
The heat pump closed circulation low-temperature drying unit is used for slitting solid annular layer sludge in a negative pressure environment to obtain cut materials, performing heat pump closed circulation drying on the cut materials to obtain dried cut materials, and transmitting the dried cut materials to the conveying and packaging unit through the second sealed conveyor.
And the conveying and packaging unit is used for packaging and packaging the dried cut materials in a negative pressure and ozone environment.
The tail gas treatment unit is used for carrying out secondary disinfection on the generated tail gas through ozone, and then filtering the tail gas to discharge safe tail gas.
The ozone generating unit is used for generating ozone and providing ozone for the flocculation sterilization processing unit, the tail gas processing unit, the first sealing conveyor, the second sealing conveyor and the conveying and packaging unit.
The control unit is used for controlling the negative pressure suction unitThe unit pair flocculation sterilization treatment unit, the heat pump closed circulation low-temperature drying unit, the conveying and packaging unit, the first sealing conveyor and the second sealing conveyor generate a negative pressure environment. Used for controlling the filling of flocculant and CLO which need to be added into the flocculation sterilization treatment unit 2 And the solution is used for controlling the flocculation sterilization treatment unit to disinfect and flocculate the medical sludge. The device is used for controlling the heat pump closed circulation low-temperature drying unit to cut strips and performing heat pump closed circulation drying on cut materials. And the conveying and packaging unit is used for controlling the conveying and packaging unit to pack and package the dried cut materials. Used for controlling the tail gas treatment unit to carry out secondary disinfection on the generated tail gas through ozone, and then filtered again. The ozone generating unit is used for controlling the ozone generating unit to generate ozone, and the ozone is provided for the flocculation sterilization processing unit, the tail gas processing unit, the first sealing conveyor, the second sealing conveyor and the conveying packaging unit. The control system is used for controlling the first sealing conveyor and the second sealing conveyor to work under the negative pressure and ozone environment.
Preferably: the flocculation sterilization processing unit comprises more than two sterilization tanks which are communicated with each other through a pipeline I, a pipeline switch valve is arranged on the pipeline I, and the pipeline I is connected with the negative pressure suction unit. The sterilization tank is provided with a sludge inlet and a CLO 2 Solution inlet, flocculant inlet, tail gas discharge pipe and CLO 2 The device comprises a sterilizing water inlet, a breather valve, a sludge discharge port and an ozone inlet, wherein the ozone inlet is provided with an ozone valve, and is connected with an ozone generating unit. The tail gas discharge pipe is connected with the tail gas treatment unit, a sludge adding valve is arranged on the sludge inlet, and the CLO 2 The solution inlet is provided with CLO 2 A solution adding valve, a flocculant adding valve is arranged on the flocculant inlet, a tail gas discharge valve is arranged on the tail gas discharge pipe, and the CLO 2 The disinfection water inlet is provided with a CLO 2 The sterilizing water adding valve is characterized in that the sludge discharge port is connected with a sludge discharge pipeline and a cleaning sewage discharge pipeline, and the sludge discharge pipeline is provided with a sludge discharge valve. The cleaning sewage discharge pipeline is connected with a sewage return pipeline through a cleaning sewage discharge valve. The sterilization tank is provided with an overflow port, and the overflow port is communicated with sewage through an overflow valveThe flow lines are connected. Residual CLO is arranged on the sterilization tank 2 An on-line detector.
Preferably: the tail gas treatment unit comprises an ozone disinfection module, a filter and an induced draft fan which are sequentially connected, the ozone disinfection module is connected with a tail gas discharge pipe, and the filter element pore of the filter is not more than 0.22 mu m. And an activated carbon adsorption box is arranged between the filter and the draught fan. The ozone disinfection module is connected with the ozone generating unit.
Preferably: the centrifugal dehydration unit comprises a tubular mixer and a horizontal spiral centrifugal machine, the sludge discharge pipeline, the tubular mixer and the horizontal spiral centrifugal machine are sequentially connected, a flocculating agent inlet of the mixer is arranged on the tubular mixer, the horizontal spiral centrifugal machine is provided with a water outlet and a sludge outlet, the water outlet is connected with a sewage backflow pipeline, and the sludge outlet is connected with a first sealing conveyor. The first sealing conveyor is provided with a conveyor ozone inlet and a negative pressure suction port, the negative pressure suction port is connected with the negative pressure suction unit, and the conveyor ozone inlet is connected with the ozone generation unit.
Preferably: horizontal screw centrifuge includes central inlet pipe, rotary drum, takes hollow shaft's auger delivery ware, differential mechanism, centrifugal motor, sealed cowling, bearing frame, centrifugal motor, differential mechanism, take hollow shaft's auger delivery ware transmission to be connected, and hollow shaft installs on the bearing frame, the discharge gate of central inlet pipe is deep into in the hollow shaft, just the side and the hollow shaft sealing connection of central inlet pipe. The rotary drum is arranged on the outer surface of the spiral conveyor, the sealing cover is arranged on the outer surface of the rotary drum, the rotary drum is in transmission connection with the differential mechanism, and the water outlet and the sludge outlet are respectively formed in the sealing cover.
Preferably: the heat pump closed circulation low-temperature drying unit comprises a sludge slitting system, a drying chamber, an evaporator, a condenser, a compressor and a circulating fan, wherein more than two mesh belt drying conveyer belts are arranged in the drying chamber, the mesh belt drying conveyer belts are arranged up and down, and a material outlet of one mesh belt drying conveyer belt is connected with a material inlet of the next adjacent mesh belt drying conveyer belt. The drying chamber is provided with an air inlet pipeline and an air outlet pipeline, and the air outlet pipeline, the evaporator, the condenser, the circulating fan and the air inlet pipeline are communicated in sequence. The compressor is installed between the evaporator and the condenser. The evaporator is provided with a condensed water outlet, and the condensed water outlet is connected with a sewage return pipeline.
Preferably, the following components: the sludge slitting system comprises a first air-tight unloader, a slitting machine and a hopper which are sequentially arranged from top to bottom, wherein the first air-tight unloader is connected with a discharge port of a first sealing conveyor, a measuring heavy hammer is arranged on the slitting machine, and the measuring heavy hammer is in linkage connection with a Guan Feng unloader.
Preferably: the conveying and packaging unit comprises a second sealing conveyor, a second air-tight unloader, a discharging pipe with a bag buckling ring and a closed glove box, the second air-tight unloader is installed on the discharging pipe, one end of the second sealing conveyor is connected with a discharge port of the heat pump closed circulation low-temperature drying unit, the other end of the second sealing conveyor is connected with a second feeding port of the Guan Feng unloader, one end of the discharging pipe with the bag buckling ring extends into the closed glove box, a packaging negative pressure pipe is arranged on the discharging pipe and the closed glove box, and the packaging negative pressure pipe is connected with the negative pressure suction unit. The closed glove box is provided with a glove box ozone tube, and the glove box ozone tube is connected with an ozone generating unit; and a second conveyor ozone inlet and a second negative pressure suction port are formed in the second sealed conveyor, the second negative pressure suction port is connected with the negative pressure suction unit, and the second conveyor ozone inlet is connected with the ozone generation unit.
A medical sludge inactivation, dehydration, closed circulation and drying HSDD treatment process comprises the following steps:
step 1, a control unit controls a sludge adding valve to be opened, medical sludge is pumped into a sterilization tank, and the liquid level of the sterilization tank is detected through a liquid level meter. The control unit controls the pipeline switching valve to be opened. Meanwhile, the control unit controls the negative pressure suction unit to perform negative pressure operation on the sterilization tank through the pipeline. When the liquid level detected by the liquid level meter reaches a set threshold value of the liquid level controller, the control unit controls the sludge adding valve to be closed.
Step 2, determining the addition amount of the flocculating agent in the sterilization tank according to the concentration of the flocculating agent in the sterilization tank, wherein the concentration is as follows:
n 1 ＝c 1 V 1
wherein, c 1 Indicates the concentration, V, of the flocculant to be achieved in the sterilization tank 1 Represents the volume of sludge in the sterilization tank, n 1 Indicates the amount of flocculant added to the sterilization tank.
Determining CLO in the sterilization tank according to the addition amount of the flocculating agent 2 The addition amount of (A):
Figure BDA0002954007670000041
wherein n is 2 Indicating CLO in Sterilization tank 2 A represents the addition coefficient of the flocculant in the sterilization tank, and b represents a constant term.
According to the obtained CLO in the sterilized tank 2 Determining the amount of CLO charged into the sterilization tank 2 Volume of solution:
Figure BDA0002954007670000042
wherein, V 2 Indicating CLO filling the sterilization tank 2 Volume of solution, c 2 Represents CLO 2 The concentration of the solution.
Adding amount n of the flocculating agent filled into the sterilization tank according to theory Theory of things And the addition amount n of the flocculating agent in the actual sterilization tank Fruit of Chinese wolfberry Determining the system flocculant correction factor K 1 ：
Figure BDA0002954007670000043
Determining CLO filled in a sterilization tank finally according to the flocculant correction factor 2 Volume of solution:
N＝K 1 n 1
wherein: n represents the addition amount of the flocculant charged in the sterilization tank.
According to theoryPlacing into a sterilization tank CLO 2 Volume of solution V Theory of things And CLO actually filled into the sterilization tank 2 Volume of solution V Fruit of Chinese wolfberry Determining the correction factor K of the system solution 2 ：
Figure BDA0002954007670000051
Determining CLO filled in the sterilizing tank finally according to the correction factor 2 Volume of solution:
V＝K 2 V 2
wherein: v denotes CLO filled into the Sterilization tank 2 Volume of solution.
The control unit is filled into the sterilization tank according to the CLO 2 CLO control by solution volume V 2 Solution addition valve to add CLO to sterilization tank 2 And (3) solution. And the control unit controls the flocculant adding valve to add the flocculant to the sterilization tank according to the addition amount N of the flocculant in the sterilization tank. The control unit controls the ozone valve to add ozone to the sterilization tank. The control unit controls the sterilization tank to stir and sterilize.
And 3, after sterilization, opening the tail gas discharge valve, the draught fan and the ozone disinfection module by the control unit under the negative pressure state of the sterilization tank, and discharging the tail gas.
And 4, controlling a sludge discharge valve by a control unit, pumping the sludge into the horizontal spiral centrifugal machine through the tubular mixer, injecting a flocculating agent into the tubular mixer through a flocculating agent inlet of the mixer by the control unit, controlling the horizontal spiral centrifugal machine to rotate by the control unit to obtain a separation liquid and solid annular layer sludge, and enabling the separation liquid to enter a sewage backflow pipeline and flow back to the sludge tank.
And 5, controlling the first sealing conveyor to convey the solid annular layer sludge to an airlock unloader by the control unit, and simultaneously filling ozone into the conveyor through an ozone inlet of the conveyor. And starting the slitter to slit the solid ring layer sludge to obtain a cut material, and when the weight of the cut material exceeds the set weight, opening the Guan Feng unloader to fall onto the mesh belt drying conveyor belt by means of gravity.
And 6, controlling the evaporator, the condenser, the compressor and the circulating fan to work by the control unit, introducing dry hot air into the drying chamber by the circulating fan, sequentially passing the dry hot air on the mesh belt drying conveyor belt from bottom to top, taking away moisture of cut materials on the mesh belt drying conveyor belt by the dry hot air, drying the cut materials, converting the dry hot air into wet cold air, allowing the wet cold air to enter the evaporator for condensation to obtain dry cold air and condensed water, and allowing the condensed water to enter a sewage backflow pipeline and flow back to the sludge pool. And dry cold air enters the condenser to be heated to obtain dry hot air.
And 7, the control unit controls the sealing conveyor II to convey the dried cut materials to the airlock unloader II, ozone is filled into the sealed glove box through an ozone tube of the glove box, the control unit controls the negative pressure suction unit to carry out negative pressure operation on the sealed glove box through a packaging negative pressure tube, and the dried cut materials enter a double-layer sealing bag with a buckle through a blanking tube and are packaged and encapsulated through a buckle bag ring.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the negative pressure pumping unit is used for generating a negative pressure environment for the flocculation sterilization processing unit, the heat pump closed circulation low-temperature drying unit, the conveying and packaging unit, the first sealing conveyor and the second sealing conveyor, so that when the mechanisms work, the bacteria-containing aerosol can be prevented from overflowing and diffusing, and the biological safety is ensured.
2. The sludge is dried by the heat pump closed circulation low-temperature drying unit, so that the problems of high investment, high energy consumption, high treatment cost and the like in the prior art are solved. Because the water content of the sludge is reduced to below 30% by adopting the heat pump closed circulation low-temperature drying, the problems of high water content (80% of water content) of the discharged sludge, difficult incineration and the like in the prior art are solved.
3. Because the flocculation sterilization treatment unit, the tail gas treatment unit, the first sealing conveyor, the second sealing conveyor and the conveying and packaging unit work in an ozone environment, relevant harmful germs in the gas inside the conveying and packaging unit can be effectively killed. Meanwhile, the tail gas treatment unit filters the tail gas to prevent harmful gas substances from escaping.
In conclusion, the invention solves the potential biological safety risks of incomplete sludge discharging and sterilization, high sludge discharging water content, high energy consumption, bacteria-containing aerosol generated in the treatment process, open sludge treatment and transportation and close contact between people and sludge in the prior art.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a flocculation sterilization treatment unit.
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a centrifugal dewatering unit.
Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a heat pump closed cycle low-temperature drying unit.
Fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of the conveying and packaging unit.
Detailed Description
The present invention is further illustrated by the following description in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and the specific embodiments, it is to be understood that these examples are given solely for the purpose of illustration and are not intended as a definition of the limits of the invention, since various equivalent modifications will occur to those skilled in the art upon reading the present invention and fall within the limits of the appended claims.
A medical Sludge inactivation Dehydration closed circulation Drying HSDD processing device, HSDD refers to short names of Hospital (Hospital), sludge (Sludge), dehydration (Dehydration) and Drying (Drying), as shown in figure 1, comprises a control unit, a negative pressure suction unit, a flocculation sterilization processing unit, a centrifugal Dehydration unit, a heat pump closed circulation low-temperature Drying unit, a conveying packaging unit, a tail gas processing unit and an ozone generating unit, wherein the flocculation sterilization processing unit, the centrifugal Dehydration unit, the heat pump closed circulation low-temperature Drying unit and the conveying packaging unit are sequentially connected, the negative pressure suction unit is respectively connected with the flocculation sterilization processing unit, the centrifugal Dehydration unit, the heat pump closed circulation low-temperature Drying unit, the conveying packaging unit and the tail gas processing unit, the control unit is respectively connected with the negative pressure suction unit, the flocculation sterilization processing unit, the centrifugal Dehydration unit, the heat pump closed circulation low-temperature Drying unit, the conveying packaging unit, the tail gas processing unit and the ozone generating unit, and the control unit is respectively connected with the negative pressure suction unit, the flocculation sterilization processing unit, the centrifugal Dehydration unit, the heat pump closed circulation low-temperature Drying unit, the conveying packaging unit, the tail gas processing unit and the ozone generating unit, wherein:
the negative pressure suction unit is used for generating a negative pressure environment for the flocculation sterilization treatment unit, the heat pump closed circulation low-temperature drying unit, the conveying and packaging unit, the first sealing conveyor and the second sealing conveyor according to the control of the control unit.
The negative pressure suction unit mainly comprises an air pipe, an ozone feeding pipe, a control valve, a high-efficiency filter, an activated carbon adsorption box and an exhaust funnel, and has the function of providing negative pressure for each link. Sterilizing and filtering the pumped gas.
The ozone generating unit is used for generating ozone and providing ozone for the flocculation sterilization processing unit, the first sealing conveyor, the second sealing conveyor and the conveying and packaging unit. Ozone is a high-efficiency broad-spectrum bactericide, has strong killing power on various bacteria, viruses and spores, and can destroy botulinum toxin. The ozone disinfection is a gas fumigation disinfection method, has good diffusion, no sanitary dead angle, no secondary pollution and good disinfection and sterilization effect consistency. When the negative pressure pipeline needs to be maintained and the filter membrane needs to be replaced, ozone is firstly opened for disinfection, and then maintenance is carried out after disinfection is finished, so that the worker is prevented from contacting with germs.
Performing inactivation experiment on SARS virus with ozone water, and when the ozone content is 27.73mg/L, acting for 4min to completely inactivate SARS virus; when the ozone content is 17.82mg/L, the action time is 4min and 4.86mg/L is 10min, the inactivation rate of SARS virus can reach 100%.
The control unit is used for controlling the negative pressure suction unit to generate a negative pressure environment for the flocculation sterilization treatment unit, the heat pump closed circulation low-temperature drying unit, the conveying and packaging unit, the first sealing conveyor and the second sealing conveyor. Used for controlling the filling of flocculant and CLO which need to be added into the flocculation sterilization treatment unit 2 And the solution is used for controlling the flocculation sterilization treatment unit to disinfect and flocculate the medical sludge. The device is used for controlling the heat pump closed circulation low-temperature drying unit to cut strips and performing heat pump closed circulation drying on cut materials. And the conveying and packaging unit is used for controlling the conveying and packaging unit to pack and package the dried cut materials. The tail gas treatment unit is used for controlling the generated tail gas to be secondarily disinfected by ozone and then filtered. Used for controlling an ozone generating unit to generate ozone, and comprises a flocculation sterilization processing unit, a first sealing conveyor, a second sealing conveyor and a conveying and packaging unitOzone is provided. The control system is used for controlling the first sealing conveyor and the second sealing conveyor to work under the negative pressure and ozone environment.
As shown in fig. 2, the flocculation sterilization treatment unit is used for adding a flocculant, CLO 2 The solution and the ozone disinfect and flocculate the medical sludge in a negative pressure environment, and the flocculated medical sludge is conveyed to a centrifugal dehydration unit.
The flocculation sterilization processing unit comprises more than two sterilization tanks 11, the sterilization tanks 11 are communicated with each other through a first pipeline 13, and the first pipeline 13 is connected with the negative pressure suction unit. The sterilization tank 11 is provided with a sludge inlet 111 and a CLO 2 Solution inlet 112, flocculant inlet 113, tail gas discharge pipe 114, CLO 2 A sterilized water inlet 115, a breather valve 116, a sludge discharge port 117 and an ozone inlet, wherein the ozone inlet is connected with an ozone generating unit. The tail gas discharge pipe 114 is connected with a tail gas treatment unit, a sludge adding valve 1111 is arranged on the sludge inlet 111, and the CLO 2 The solution inlet 112 is provided with a CLO 2 A solution adding valve 1121, a flocculant adding valve 1131 is arranged on the flocculant inlet 113, a tail gas discharge valve 1141 is arranged on the tail gas discharge pipe 114, and the CLO 2 The inlet 115 for the disinfectant is provided with a CLO 2 The sterilizing water adding valve 1151, the sludge discharge port 117 is connected with a sludge discharge pipeline 1171 and a cleaning sewage discharge pipeline 1181, and the sludge discharge pipeline 1171 is provided with a sludge discharge valve 1172. The cleaning wastewater discharge pipeline 1181 is connected to a wastewater return pipeline 1183 through a cleaning wastewater discharge valve 1182. The sterilization tank 11 is provided with an overflow port 119, and the overflow port 119 is connected with a sewage return pipeline 1183 through an overflow valve 1191.
The control unit adopts a PLC controller, and for the sterilization tank 11, the control unit controls the normal working time of the sterilization tank 11, the sludge adding valve 1111 controls the sludge adding amount and the CLO 2 Solution adding valve 1121 controls the amount of disinfectant to be added, flocculant adding valve 1131 controls the amount of flocculant to be added, start and stop of stirrer inside sterilization tank 11, and CLO 2 And opening and closing the sterilizing water adding valve 1151.
The sterilization tank 11 is provided with a liquid level meter 1101, the liquid level meter adopts an ultrasonic liquid level meter, the ultrasonic liquid level meter converts the liquid level in the sterilization tank into an electric signal of 0-20mA and transmits the electric signal to the PLC controller, and the PLC controller sends an instruction to control the switch of the sludge adding valve 1111 and control the sludge adding amount.
The sterilization tank 11 is provided with residual CLO 2 On-line detector 1102, through residual CLO 2 On-line detector real-time monitoring residual CLO in sterilization tank 11 2 Concentration according to the measured residual CLO 2 The concentration is converted into 0-20mA electric signal and transmitted to the PLC controller, and the PLC controller is set in advance according to the measured residual CLO 2 Concentration to control CLO 2 The opening and closing of the solution adding valve 1121 controls the dosage.
The PLC controller can input a liquid level value, disinfection time and residual CLO through the touch screen according to the set disinfection time 2 The concentration requirement opens sludge drain valve 1172 in preparation for subsequent dewatering.
While maintaining the equipment, CLO 2 A sterilized water adding valve 1151 for controlling the adding amount of the sterilized water and the residual CLO in the sterilizing tank 11 2 On-line detector will remain CLO 2 Converting the concentration into 0-20mA electric signal and transmitting to a PLC controller, wherein the PLC controller is preset according to the measured residual CLO 2 Concentration to control CLO 2 The amount of the sterilized water is controlled by the on-off of the sterilized water adding valve 1151, and the PLC controller inputs the sterilizing time and the rest CLO according to the set sterilizing time (the sterilizing time and the rest CLO can be input through the touch screen) 2 Concentration requirement) to open sludge drain valve 1172 in preparation for cleaning the dewatering system. Meanwhile, the PLC controller controls the purge wastewater discharge valve 1182 according to a preset setting, so that the sterilization tank is emptied.
After the sterilization, under negative pressure state, exhaust emission valve 1141 carries out the evacuation of tail gas and keeps the negative pressure, sets up the tail gas processing unit at the row end of evacuation, and the tail gas processing unit includes ozone disinfection and 0.2 um's precision filter to guarantee that the combustion gas is clean.
After the exhaust gas is exhausted, the exhaust gas discharge valve 1141 is closed, and the sludge discharge valve 1172 is opened to allow the sterilized sludge to enter the horizontal screw centrifuge 32.
The number of the sterilization tanks 11 is two, and certainly, the number of the sterilization tanks can be three, the air pressure is more easily balanced, and the aerosol is less prone to overflow. The sterilization tank 11 is provided with a solution dosing port and a powder dosing port which can be selected according to different working conditions. When a sewage treatment facility of a medical institution is subjected to secondary sedimentation tank sedimentation and part of sludge is returned for recycling, the rest part of sewage enters a sludge tank and enters a sterilization tank 11 after being sterilized by sludge, and the sludge in the sterilization tank 11 can be sterilized by adding a liquid disinfectant through a solution adding port; when the sludge is not disinfected in the sludge tank and the sludge enters the sterilization tank 11, a powder dosing port can be adopted, and a powder disinfectant can be added for disinfection. In this example, CLO was used 2 And (5) disinfecting with a liquid disinfectant.
The sterilization tanks 11 are operated intermittently, and the sterilization tanks 11 are communicated with each other through the first pipeline 13, so that the air pressure of the sterilization tanks 11 is balanced, and the generation amount of aerosol is reduced. A breather valve 116 is arranged on the sterilization tank 11, when the sterilization tank 11 is charged, the pressure in the tank rises, the breather valve 116 is closed, one part of aerosol is discharged into the other tank, and the other part enters a negative pressure suction unit. When the sterilization tank 11 discharges materials, the negative pressure reaches a set value, the breather valve 116 is automatically opened, and outside air enters the sterilization tank 11, so that the discharging can be normally carried out.
The tail gas treatment unit is used for carrying out secondary disinfection on the generated tail gas through ozone, then filtering the tail gas and discharging safe tail gas.
The tail gas treatment unit comprises an ozone disinfection module 21, a filter 22 and an induced draft fan 23 which are connected in sequence, the ozone disinfection module 21 is connected with a tail gas discharge pipe 114, and the pore of a filter element of the filter 22 is not more than 0.22 mu m. An active carbon adsorption box 24 is arranged between the filter 22 and the induced draft fan 23. The ozone disinfection module 21 is connected with an ozone generating unit.
Type A H1N1, influenza virus PR8, respiratory syncytial virus RSV, adenovirus type 3 ADV3, human infection H7N9 avian influenza virus H7N9, SARS, MERS, 2019-nCoV, etc. can be transmitted in aerosol form. Aerosols are small particles in solid or liquid form, dispersed in a gaseous medium to form a colloidal dispersion. Aerosol transmission, also called air transmission, is the transmission effect generated by air droplet cores or dust particles containing infectious factors, and through the mode, pathogenic microorganisms can be transmitted in a long distance, and the filtering efficiency of the high-efficiency filter can reach 99.99 percent; the exhaust gas of the system contains ammonia odor and trace bioactive substances, and is exhausted to the atmosphere after being filtered by a high-efficiency filter and adsorbed by activated carbon. Because the bioactive substances pass through the filter membrane in the form of aerosol, the particle size is larger than 0.5 mu m, the pore size of the filter element of the high-efficiency filter is 0.22 mu m and is smaller than the particle size of the aerosol, the exhaust gas can be ensured not to contain the bioactive substances.
As shown in fig. 3, the centrifugal dehydration unit is used for performing centrifugal dehydration on the flocculated medical sludge to obtain solid annular layer sludge, and the solid annular layer sludge is conveyed to the heat pump closed circulation low-temperature drying unit through the sealed conveyor.
The centrifugal dehydration unit comprises a tubular mixer 31 and a horizontal spiral centrifuge 32, the sludge discharge pipeline 1171, the tubular mixer 31 and the horizontal spiral centrifuge 32 are sequentially connected, a mixer flocculant inlet 311 is arranged on the tubular mixer 31, the horizontal spiral centrifuge 32 is provided with a water outlet 321 and a sludge outlet 322, the water outlet 321 is connected with a sewage backflow pipeline 1183, and the sludge outlet 322 is connected with a first sealing conveyor. The first sealing conveyor is provided with a conveyor ozone inlet and a negative pressure suction port, the negative pressure suction port is connected with the negative pressure suction unit, and the conveyor ozone inlet is connected with the ozone generation unit.
The horizontal screw centrifuge 32 comprises a central feeding pipe 324, a rotary drum 325, a screw conveyor 326 with a hollow rotary shaft, a differential 3271, a centrifugal motor 327, a sealing cover 328 and a bearing seat 329, wherein the centrifugal motor 327, the differential 3271 and the screw conveyor 326 with the hollow rotary shaft are in transmission connection, the hollow rotary shaft is installed on the bearing seat 329, a discharging port of the central feeding pipe 324 extends into the hollow rotary shaft, and the side surface of the central feeding pipe 324 is in sealing connection with the hollow rotary shaft. The rotary drum 325 is arranged on the outer surface of the spiral conveyor 326, the sealing cover 328 is arranged on the outer surface of the rotary drum 325, the rotary drum 325 is in transmission connection with the differential 3271, and the water outlet 321 and the sludge outlet 322 are respectively arranged on the sealing cover 328.
After hospital sludge (with more than 98% of water) to be separated enters the hollow rotating shaft from the central feeding pipe 324 and is fed into the spiral conveyor 326, the hospital sludge is immediately thrown into the cavity of the rotary drum 325 under the action of centrifugal force generated by high-speed rotation. The high-speed rotating rotary drum 325 generates strong centrifugal force to throw solid-phase particles with density higher than that of a liquid phase onto the inner wall of the rotary drum 325 to form a solid layer (called a solid annular layer because of an annular shape); since the moisture has a low density and a low centrifugal force, only a liquid layer, called a liquid ring layer, can be formed inside the solid ring layer. Because the screw conveyor 326 and the revolving drum 325 have different rotating speeds and have relative movement, namely rotating speed difference, the relative movement of the screw conveyor 326 and the revolving drum 325 is realized through a differential 3271, the sludge of a solid annular layer is slowly pushed to the conical end of the revolving drum 325 by utilizing the relative movement of the screw conveyor 326 and the revolving drum 325, and is continuously discharged from outlets distributed on the circumference of the revolving drum 325 after passing through a drying zone; the liquid in the liquid ring layer continuously overflows from the weir port and is discharged out of the rotary drum 325 by gravity to form separation liquid.
The horizontal screw centrifuge 32 is capable of continuous feed, separation, washing and discharge at full speed operation. The device has the characteristics of compact structure, continuous operation, stable operation, strong adaptability, convenient sealing operation and maintenance and the like.
The mud inlet pipe of the horizontal spiral centrifuge is a positive pressure operation pipe, a mud mixer is arranged on the pipe, and since the mud contains harmful pathogens, the pipeline connecting port, the flange interface and the equipment connecting port all adopt flange protective covers, the mud is prevented from being sprayed out due to the damage, aging and the like of the interface.
Rotating speed of the centrifuge: 2800 to 3500 rpm.
The differential rotation speed is 10-30r/min.
The liquid content of the separated slag phase is not higher than 80%.
The solid content of the clear liquid is not higher than 1%.
As shown in fig. 4, the heat pump closed cycle low-temperature drying unit is configured to strip solid annular layer sludge in a negative pressure environment to obtain cut materials, perform heat pump closed cycle drying on the cut materials to obtain dried cut materials, and transmit the dried cut materials to the conveying and packaging unit through the second sealed conveyor.
The heat pump closed circulation low-temperature drying unit comprises a sludge slitting system 41, a drying chamber, a circulating fan 46 and a dehumidification heat pump system, wherein the dehumidification heat pump system comprises an evaporator 43, a condenser 44 and a compressor 45 which are arranged in a sealing cover 47, more than two mesh belt drying conveyer belts 42 are arranged in the drying chamber, the mesh belt drying conveyer belts 42 are arranged up and down, and a material outlet of one mesh belt drying conveyer belt 42 is connected with a material inlet of the next adjacent mesh belt drying conveyer belt 42. The drying chamber is provided with an air inlet pipeline 421 and an air outlet pipeline 422, and the air outlet pipeline 422, the evaporator 43, the condenser 44, the circulating fan 46 and the air inlet pipeline 421 are communicated in sequence. The compressor 45 is installed between the evaporator 43 and the condenser 44. The evaporator 43 is provided with a condensed water outlet 431, and the condensed water outlet 431 is connected with a sewage return pipeline 1183.
The sludge slitting system 41 comprises a closed air unloader 411, a slitting machine 412 and a hopper 413 which are sequentially arranged from top to bottom, the closed air unloader 411 is connected with a discharge hole of a first sealing conveyor, a measuring heavy hammer is arranged on the slitting machine 412, and the measuring heavy hammer is in linkage connection with a Guan Feng unloader 411.
The heat pump closed circulation low-temperature drying unit compresses a refrigerant by using a compressor to generate sensible heat, and generates dry hot air by using a heat exchange mode, and the hot air heats sludge and directly dries the sludge; the water in the sludge is transferred into the dry hot air, the temperature of the dry hot air is reduced to form wet cold air, the wet cold air enters the cold medium evaporator in the compressor system, the sensible heat of the wet cold air is evaporated and absorbed by the refrigerant, the temperature of the wet cold air is further reduced, and the water in the wet cold air is condensed to form the dry cold air.
The dehumidification drying is to recover the latent heat and sensible heat in the exhaust air, the heat can be utilized in a closed cycle, and the moisture is discharged through condensed water. The dehumidification drying process has no waste heat discharge. And no tail gas is discharged, a tail gas deodorization and dust treatment system is not needed, the system is concise and optimized, and the system belongs to full-closed drying and dehumidifying.
The sludge with the water content not higher than 80 percent after centrifugal dehydration is sent to a feed inlet of a closed air discharger 411 through a first sealed conveyer, the mixture is cut into strips and granulated by a strip cutter 412 below an air-closing discharger 411, and then falls onto a mesh belt drying and conveying belt 42. The slitter 412 is composed of a pair of blades, a speed reducer, a frame, a transmission mechanism and the like, wherein the blades and the speed reducer are arranged on the frame, the blades and the speed reducer are in transmission connection through the transmission mechanism, at the moment, sludge is cut into a shape of noodles, a heavy hammer is arranged on the slitter, when the weight of the heavy hammer exceeds the weight of the heavy hammer, the Guan Feng unloader 411 is opened, and the sludge falls onto the mesh belt drying conveyer belt 42 which slowly walks by means of gravity.
The mesh belt drying and conveying belt 42 is composed of a 304 stainless steel chain net, gears, a polyester net and the like, can ventilate and ventilate, and has the characteristics of corrosion resistance, rust resistance, high temperature resistance and the like.
The dry hot air passes through the mesh belt drying conveyer belt 42 layer by layer from the bottom of the drying chamber, and in the process, the high-temperature air can dry the sludge on the mesh belt drying conveyer belt 42 and take away the moisture, namely the dry hot air dries the sludge in the process of contacting with the sludge, and the dry hot air is changed into wet cold air. The wet cold air enters the dehumidification heat pump system, the temperature of the wet cold air is lower than the dew point in a cooling mode, water vapor is condensed to obtain condensate water and is discharged out of the dehumidification heat pump system to obtain dry cold air, then the dehydrated dry cold air is heated in a heating mode and is changed into dry hot air again, the temperature of the dry hot air is up to 78 ℃, the dry hot air is sent into the drying chamber to continuously dry the sludge, the air is recycled in the whole process, and no tail gas is generated. The system can reduce the water content of the sludge to be below 30 percent.
The mesh belt drying conveyer belt 42 is mainly divided into three layers, and the lowest mesh belt drying conveyer belt 42 penetrates high-temperature dry air with the lowest humidity, and can dry and dehydrate the water content of sludge to reach the specified standard. And the sludge falls into the second sealing conveyor 51 after being dried by the mesh belt drying conveyer belt 42 on the lowest layer.
The condensed water contains a large amount of organic matters and flows back to a water collecting well of a hospital sewage treatment station to enter a sewage treatment system for sewage treatment again.
Number of filter belt houses: 2-3 layers.
The speed of the filter belt is as follows: 0.5-1.5m/min.
Drying operation temperature: 65-85 ℃.
The water content of the sludge is as follows: 80% or less.
And (3) the water content of the discharged mud: ≦ 35%.
As shown in fig. 5, the conveying and packaging unit is used for packaging and packaging the dried cut materials under the environment of negative pressure and ozone, and the conveying and packaging unit is used for sealing and subpackaging the sludge according to a certain weight and is convenient to transport and store.
The conveying and packaging unit comprises two sealed conveyors 51, two air-tight unloaders 52, a discharging pipe 53 with a bag buckling ring 54, a sealed glove box 55, gloves 552, a meter 56, a sealed door 57, a negative pressure meter, a window 58 and a double-layer sealed bag 59 with a buckle, the two air-tight unloaders 52 are installed on the discharging pipe 53, one ends of the two sealed conveyors 51 are connected with a discharge hole of the heat pump closed circulation low-temperature drying unit, the other ends of the two sealed conveyors are connected with a feed hole of the two Guan Feng unloaders 52, one ends of the discharging pipe 53 with the bag buckling ring 54 extend into the sealed glove box 55, the discharging pipe 53 and the sealed glove box 55 are provided with packaging negative pressure pipes 531, and the packaging negative pressure pipes 531 are connected with a negative pressure suction unit. The closed glove box 55 is provided with a glove box ozone tube 551, and the glove box ozone tube 551 is connected to an ozone generating unit. The second sealing conveyor 51 is provided with a second conveyor ozone inlet and a second negative pressure suction port, the second negative pressure suction port is connected with the negative pressure suction unit, and the second conveyor ozone inlet is connected with the ozone generation unit. The gauge 56 is provided in the closed glove box 55, the opening of the double-layer sealed bag 59 with a buckle is hung on the buckle ring 54, the bottom of the double-layer sealed bag is placed on the gauge 56, and the closed door 57 is used for closing the opening and closing of the closed glove box 55.
And conveying the dried sludge to a second air-closing unloading machine 52 through a second sealing conveyor 51. The second sealed conveyer 51 is provided with a negative pressure pipe to maintain the negative pressure during discharging, and the negative pressure pipe is provided with an ozone pipe which is provided with a manual valve and is normally opened and closed when not needed. So as to avoid the safety risk of people contacting with the device and achieve the purposes of energy conservation, energy conservation and consumption reduction.
After the sludge enters the second airlock discharging machine 52 and reaches a certain weight, the discharging valve of the Guan Feng discharging machine 52 is opened, the sludge falls into the double-layer sealing bag 59 with the buckle buckled on the discharging pipe 53, and the discharging valve of the second airlock discharging machine 52 is automatically closed. When the amount of sludge falling into the double-layer sealed bag with buckle 59 reaches a set value, the double-layer sealed bag with buckle 59 is manually taken off from the blanking pipe 53, and the bag opening is fastened by a self-provided tightening rope buckle on the sealed bag. After the bag mouth of the double-layer sealing bag 59 with the buckle is fastened, the valve of the ozone tube is closed, the sealing door 57 is opened, and the double-layer sealing bag 59 with the sludge is manually removed. A new double-layer sealing bag with a buckle 59 is arranged on the blanking pipe 53, so that the expansion ring on the double-layer sealing bag with a buckle 59 is buckled above the bag buckling ring of the blanking pipe 53, the double-layer sealing bag with a buckle 59 is ensured to be fixed on the blanking pipe, the airtight door is closed, and the valve on the odor pipe is opened.
The conveying and packaging unit is mainly characterized in that:
and (3) closed negative pressure operation: the material discharging pipe 53 and the sealed glove box 55 are respectively provided with a negative pressure pipe, the negative pressure value is between-25 pa and-50 pa, and aerosol, dust and the like in the box are ensured not to leak. Because the negative pressure pipe is arranged in the blanking pipe 53, the blanking pipe is in a negative pressure state, and after the double-layer sealing bag with the buckle 59 is buckled, the original gas in the double-layer sealing bag with the buckle 59 can be pumped out. When the discharge valve is opened, the amount of dust generated after the sludge falls down to the belt-buckled double-layer sealing bag 59 is very small.
Manual bag bundling: a window 552 is arranged on the closed glove box 55, so that the condition in the box can be observed, and workers can be ensured not to directly contact with a harmful environment through bag removal and bag binding of gloves.
Because the system is always in a negative pressure state, when the sealing door is opened, fresh air outside enters the box, the gas in the box cannot overflow, and the environment of workers is ensured not to be polluted.
Ozone disinfection: continuously supplying ozone in a seal to ensure that the environment in the box is in an aseptic state and the concentration of the ozone is 10 ppm).
The flange protective sleeves are arranged at the outlet of the sludge pump, the inlet and the outlet of the sludge mixer, the horizontal spiral centrifugal sedimentation dehydration sludge inlet and the like, so that the whole process sealing operation is realized, and the phenomena of water leakage and sludge leakage of a high-pressure sludge conveying pipeline are prevented.
A medical sludge inactivation, dehydration, closed circulation and drying HSDD treatment process comprises the following steps:
step 1, the control unit controls the sludge adding valve 1111 to be opened, medical sludge is pumped into the sterilization tank 11, and the liquid level of the sterilization tank 11 is detected through the liquid level meter. The control unit controls the line switching valve 131 to be opened. Meanwhile, the control unit controls the negative pressure suction unit to perform negative pressure operation on the sterilization tank 11 through the first pipeline 13. When the liquid level detected by the liquid level meter reaches the set threshold of the liquid level controller, the control unit controls the sludge addition valve 1111 to close.
Step 2, because the CLO is passed 2 When the solution is sterilized in the sterilizing tank 11, harmful aerosol is easily generated due to stirring during sterilization, and CLO is used 2 When a solution is sterilized, gas is generated, and harmful substances are easily taken out of sludge to generate harmful aerosol, so that in order to reduce the generation of aerosol, CLO (clean room) is used 2 And a flocculating agent is added during the solution sterilization to carry out flocculation conditioning on the sludge, so that the generation of harmful aerosol is reduced. The addition of flocculant in the sludge affects CLO 2 Solution sterilisation Effect, for which we determined the CLO required according to the influence of the flocculating agent 2 Solution to achieve a predetermined killing effect, the relevant model is designed as follows:
determining the addition amount of the flocculating agent in the sterilizing tank according to the concentration of the flocculating agent in the sterilizing tank 11, wherein the concentration is as follows:
n 1 ＝c 1 V 1
wherein, c 1 Indicates the concentration, V, of the flocculant to be achieved in the sterilization tank 1 Represents the volume of sludge in the sterilization tank, n 1 Indicates the amount of flocculant added to the sterilization tank.
Determining CLO in the sterilization tank according to the addition amount of the flocculating agent 2 The addition amount of (A):
Figure BDA0002954007670000131
wherein n is 2 Indicating CLO in Sterilization tank 2 The amount of (b) is a coefficient of the amount of flocculant added to the sterilization tank, and b is a constant term.
According to the obtained CLO in the sterilized tank 2 Is determined by the addition of CLO to the sterilization tank 2 Volume of solution:
Figure BDA0002954007670000132
wherein, V 2 Indicating CLO filling the sterilization tank 2 Volume of solution, c 2 Represents CLO 2 The concentration of the solution.
Because the system has errors, the actual addition value of the related solution is inconsistent with the theoretical addition value, and the antivirus effect is influenced, the actual addition value needs to be corrected, and the related correction model is designed as follows:
adding amount n of the flocculating agent filled into the sterilization tank according to theory Theory of things And the addition amount n of the flocculating agent in the actual sterilization tank Fruit of Chinese wolfberry Determining a system flocculant correction factor K 1 ：
Figure BDA0002954007670000141
Determining CLO filled in a sterilization tank finally according to the flocculant correction factor 2 Volume of solution:
N＝K 1 n 1
wherein: n represents the addition amount of the flocculant charged in the sterilization tank.
Charging into a sterilization tank CLO according to theory 2 Volume of solution V Theory of things And CLO actually filled into the sterilization tank 2 Volume of solution V Fruit of Chinese wolfberry Determining the correction factor K of the system solution 2 ：
Figure BDA0002954007670000142
Determining CLO filled in the sterilizing tank finally according to the correction factor 2 Volume of solution:
V＝K 2 V 2
wherein: v denotes CLO filled into the Sterilization tank 2 Volume of solution.
The control unit is filled into the sterilization tank according to the CLO 2 CLO control by solution volume V 2 Solution addition valve 1121 adds CLO to sterilization tank 11 2 And (3) solution. The control unit controls the flocculant addition valve 1131 to add a flocculant to the sterilization tank 11 according to the addition amount N of the flocculant in the sterilization tank. The control unit controls the ozone valve to add ozone to the sterilization tank 11. The control unit controls the sterilization tank 11 to stir and sterilize.
In addition, for the continuous treatment, the sterilization tank 11 is provided with residual CLO 2 On-line detector, through residual CLO 2 On-line detector real-time monitoring residual CLO in sterilization tank 11 2 Concentration according to the measured residual CLO 2 The concentration is converted into an electric signal of 0-20mA, and the electric signal is transmitted to a PLC controller which is used for controlling the PLC according to the residual CLO 2 Concentration obtaining residual CLO 2 Volume of solution, depending on CLO filled into the sterilization tank 2 Volume of solution V and residual CLO 2 Comparing the volumes of the solutions to determine whether the solution needs to be filled into a sterilization tank 2 The volume of the solution is controlled by a PLC and is filled into a sterilization tank according to the requirement 2 Control of CLO by solution volume 2 The opening and closing of the solution adding valve 1121 controls the dosage. Sterilizing for more than 30 min. Ensuring that the concentration of the residual chlorine dioxide is over 10 mg/L.
And 3, after sterilization, the control unit opens the tail gas discharge valve 1141, the induced draft fan 23 and the ozone disinfection module 21 to discharge the tail gas when the sterilization tank 11 is in a negative pressure state.
And 4, the control unit controls a sludge discharge valve 1172, the sludge is pumped into the horizontal spiral centrifuge 32 through the tubular mixer 31, the control unit injects a flocculating agent into the tubular mixer 31 through a flocculating agent inlet 311 of the mixer, so that the sludge is further flocculated in the tubular mixer 31 and can better perform mud-water separation after entering the horizontal spiral centrifuge 32, the control unit controls the horizontal spiral centrifuge 32 to rotate to obtain separation liquid and solid annular layer sludge, and the separation liquid enters a sewage backflow pipeline 1183 and flows back to the sludge tank.
And 5, controlling the first sealing conveyor to convey the solid annular layer sludge to the airlock unloader 411 by the control unit, and simultaneously filling ozone into the conveyor through an ozone inlet of the conveyor. The slitter 412 is started to slit the solid ring layer sludge to obtain a cut material, and when the weight of the cut material exceeds the set weight, the Guan Feng unloader 411 is started and falls onto the mesh belt drying conveyer belt 42 by means of gravity.
And 6, controlling the evaporator 43, the condenser 44, the compressor 45 and the circulating fan 46 to work by the control unit, introducing dry hot air into the drying chamber by the circulating fan 46, sequentially passing the dry hot air through the mesh belt drying conveyer belt 42 from bottom to top, taking away moisture of cut materials on the mesh belt drying conveyer belt 42 by the dry hot air, drying the cut materials, converting the dry hot air into wet cold air, allowing the wet cold air to enter the evaporator 43 for condensation to obtain dry cold air and condensed water, and allowing the condensed water to enter the sewage backflow pipeline 1183 and flow back to the sludge pool. The dry cold air enters the condenser 44 and is heated to obtain dry hot air.
And 7, controlling the second sealing conveyor 51 to convey the dried cut materials to the second airlock discharger 52 by the control unit, filling ozone into the sealed glove box 55 through an ozone pipe 551 of the glove box, controlling the negative pressure suction unit to perform negative pressure operation on the sealed glove box 55 through a packaging negative pressure pipe 531, and enabling the dried cut materials to enter a double-layer sealed bag with a buckle through a discharge pipe 53 and be packaged and encapsulated through a buckle bag ring 54.
The sludge sterilization and conditioning of the invention are completed in the sterilization tanks, and the sterilization tanks adopt an intermittent operation mode and negative pressure operation, so that the generated aerosol is less and cannot leak.
The invention can sterilize in a whole system:
and (3) system maintenance and disinfection: when the system needs to be overhauled and spun, in order to ensure the safety of workers and fully disinfect the whole system, the disinfectant can be in good contact with pathogens, a sectional disinfection mode is adopted, and a first-stage disinfection mode is to wash a disinfection tank, a sludge inlet pump, a sludge inlet pipeline and a centrifuge by adopting chlorine dioxide disinfectant fluid (the concentration of chlorine dioxide is 30 mg/L); the second section adopts ozone disinfection, a screw conveyor, a blanking machine, a blanking pipe, a heat pump circulation low-temperature dryer, a slitter, a packaging machine, and other pipelines and equipment which are filled with ozone with certain concentration for disinfection and sterilization. (ozone concentration 10 mg/L)
And (4) normal operation disinfection: the normal working time of the sterilizing tank adopts hypochlorous acid (sodium) and ozone water, and simultaneously adopts solid disinfector, and the disinfectors carry out sterilization management according to concentration and contact time. Drying and subpackaging the dewatered sludge, and disinfecting a contact space by adopting ozone for disinfection.
The invention can ensure the stability of the sterilization, dehydration and drying of the sludge, realizes the water content of the sludge to be lower than 30 percent, and has the advantages of convenient operation and management, high treatment efficiency, investment saving, low operation cost, strong adaptability and good stability.
The above description is only of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and it should be noted that: it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and adaptations can be made without departing from the principles of the invention, and such modifications and adaptations are intended to be within the scope of the invention.

Claims (8)

1. The utility model provides a treatment process of medical sludge deactivation dehydration closed cycle stoving HSDD processing apparatus, its characterized in that, medical sludge deactivation dehydration closed cycle stoving HSDD processing apparatus includes control unit, negative pressure suction unit, flocculation sterilization processing unit, centrifugal dehydration unit, the closed cycle low temperature drying unit of heat pump, carries packaging unit, tail gas processing unit, ozone production unit, wherein:
the negative pressure suction unit is used for generating a negative pressure environment for the flocculation sterilization treatment unit, the heat pump closed circulation low-temperature drying unit, the conveying and packaging unit, the first sealing conveyor and the second sealing conveyor according to the control of the control unit;
the flocculation sterilization treatment unit is used for adding flocculant and ClO 2 Sterilizing and flocculating the medical sludge by using the solution and ozone in a negative pressure environment, and conveying the flocculated medical sludge to a centrifugal dehydration unit;
the centrifugal dehydration unit is used for performing centrifugal dehydration on the flocculated medical sludge to obtain solid annular layer sludge, and the solid annular layer sludge is conveyed to the heat pump closed circulation low-temperature drying unit through the sealed conveyor;
the heat pump closed circulation low-temperature drying unit is used for slitting the solid annular layer sludge in a negative pressure environment to obtain cut materials, carrying out heat pump closed circulation drying on the cut materials to obtain dried cut materials, and transmitting the dried cut materials to the conveying and packaging unit through the second sealed conveyor;
the conveying and packaging unit is used for packaging and packaging the dried cut materials in a negative pressure and ozone environment;
the tail gas treatment unit is used for carrying out secondary disinfection on the generated tail gas through ozone, then filtering the tail gas and discharging safe tail gas;
the ozone generating unit is used for generating ozone and providing ozone for the flocculation sterilization processing unit, the first sealing conveyor, the second sealing conveyor and the conveying and packaging unit;
the control unit is used for controlling the negative pressure suction unit to generate a negative pressure environment for the flocculation sterilization treatment unit, the heat pump closed circulation low-temperature drying unit, the conveying and packaging unit, the first sealing conveyor and the second sealing conveyor; used for controlling the filling of the flocculating and sterilizing treatment unit with flocculating agent and ClO which need to be added 2 The solution is used for controlling the flocculation sterilization treatment unit to disinfect and flocculate the medical sludge; the device is used for controlling the heat pump closed circulation low-temperature drying unit to cut strips and performing heat pump closed circulation drying on cut materials; the conveying and packaging unit is used for controlling the conveying and packaging unit to pack and package the dried cut materials; the tail gas treatment unit is used for controlling the generated tail gas to be secondarily disinfected by ozone and then filtered; the ozone generating unit is used for controlling the ozone generating unit to generate ozone and providing ozone for the flocculation sterilization processing unit, the first sealing conveyor, the second sealing conveyor and the conveying and packaging unit; the device is used for controlling the first sealing conveyor and the second sealing conveyor to work under the negative pressure and ozone environment;
the treatment process comprises the following steps:
step 1, a control unit controls a sludge adding valve (1111) to be opened, medical sludge is pumped into a sterilization tank (11), and the liquid level of the sterilization tank (11) is detected through a liquid level meter (1101); the control unit controls the pipeline switch valve (131) to be opened; meanwhile, the control unit controls the negative pressure suction unit to carry out negative pressure operation on the sterilization tank (11) through a first pipeline (13); when the liquid level detected by the liquid level meter reaches a set threshold value of the liquid level controller, the control unit controls the sludge adding valve (1111) to be closed;
step 2, determining the addition amount of the flocculating agent in the sterilizing tank according to the concentration of the flocculating agent in the sterilizing tank (11):
Figure 72334DEST_PATH_IMAGE001
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
Figure 209661DEST_PATH_IMAGE002
indicating the concentration of flocculant that needs to be achieved in the sterilization tank,
Figure 667187DEST_PATH_IMAGE003
the volume of the sludge in the sterilization tank is shown,
Figure 278297DEST_PATH_IMAGE004
represents the addition amount of the flocculant in the sterilization tank;
determining ClO in the sterilization tank according to the addition amount of the flocculating agent 2 The addition amount of (A):
Figure 163076DEST_PATH_IMAGE005
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
Figure 993891DEST_PATH_IMAGE006
indicating ClO in the Sterilization tank 2 The amount of (a) to be added,
Figure 520688DEST_PATH_IMAGE007
the addition amount coefficient of the flocculant in the sterilization tank is shown,
Figure 455146DEST_PATH_IMAGE008
represents a constant term;
according to the obtained ClO in the sterilization tank 2 Is determined by the amount of ClO added to the sterilization tank 2 Volume of solution:
Figure 510826DEST_PATH_IMAGE009
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
Figure 97446DEST_PATH_IMAGE010
indicating the ClO filled in the sterilization tank 2 The volume of the solution is determined by the volume of the solution,
Figure 896775DEST_PATH_IMAGE011
represents ClO 2 The concentration of the solution;
adding amount of flocculant filled into a sterilization tank according to theory
Figure 216898DEST_PATH_IMAGE012
And the addition amount of the flocculating agent in the actual sterilization tank
Figure 709059DEST_PATH_IMAGE013
Determining the flocculant correction factor of the system
Figure 311204DEST_PATH_IMAGE014
：
Figure 648644DEST_PATH_IMAGE015
According to the flocculant correction factor, determining ClO filled in a sterilization tank finally 2 Volume of solution:
Figure 354432DEST_PATH_IMAGE016
wherein:
Figure 486336DEST_PATH_IMAGE017
showing the addition amount of the flocculant charged into the sterilization tank;
charging into a sterilization tank according to theory 2 Volume of solution
Figure 949679DEST_PATH_IMAGE018
And the ClO is actually filled in the sterilization tank 2 Volume of solution
Figure 589345DEST_PATH_IMAGE019
Determining a system solution correction factor
Figure 884060DEST_PATH_IMAGE020
：
Figure 514762DEST_PATH_IMAGE021
According to the correction factor, determining the ClO filled in the sterilization tank 2 Volume of solution:
Figure 527717DEST_PATH_IMAGE022
wherein:
Figure 974004DEST_PATH_IMAGE023
indicates the final charge of ClO in the sterilized tank 2 Volume of solution;
the control unit is used for filling the ClO into the sterilization tank according to the final filling 2 Volume of solution
Figure 123226DEST_PATH_IMAGE023
Controlling ClO 2 Solution addition valve (1121) to sterilization tank(s) ((s))11 Add ClO) 2 A solution; the control unit is used for controlling the addition of the flocculating agent in the sterilizing tank
Figure 128091DEST_PATH_IMAGE024
Controlling a flocculant adding valve (1131) to add flocculant to the sterilization tank (11); the control unit controls the ozone valve to add ozone to the sterilization tank (11); the control unit controls the sterilization tank (11) to stir and sterilize;
step 3, after sterilization, the control unit opens the tail gas discharge valve (1141), the induced draft fan (23) and the ozone disinfection module (21) to discharge the tail gas when the sterilization tank (11) is in a negative pressure state;
step 4, the control unit controls a sludge discharge valve (1172), the sludge is pumped into the horizontal spiral centrifuge (32) through the tubular mixer (31), the control unit injects a flocculating agent into the tubular mixer (31) through a flocculating agent inlet (311) of the mixer, the control unit controls the horizontal spiral centrifuge (32) to rotate to obtain separation liquid and solid annular layer sludge, and the separation liquid enters a sewage backflow pipeline (1183) and flows back to the sludge pool;
step 5, the control unit controls the first sealing conveyor to convey the solid annular layer sludge to a closed air unloader (411), and meanwhile, ozone is filled into the conveyor through an ozone inlet of the conveyor; starting a slitter (412) to slit the solid annular layer sludge to obtain a cut material, and when the weight of the cut material exceeds the set weight, starting a Guan Feng unloader (411) and dropping the cut material onto a mesh belt drying conveyer belt (42) by means of gravity;
step 6, the control unit controls the evaporator (43), the condenser (44), the compressor (45) and the circulating fan (46) to work, the circulating fan (46) introduces dry hot air into the drying chamber, the dry hot air sequentially passes through the mesh belt drying conveyer belt (42) from bottom to top, the dry hot air takes away moisture of cut materials on the mesh belt drying conveyer belt (42), the cut materials are dried, the dry hot air is changed into wet cold air, the wet cold air enters the evaporator (43) to be condensed to obtain dry cold air and condensed water, and the condensed water enters the sewage backflow pipeline (1183) to flow back to the sludge tank; dry cold air enters a condenser (44) to be heated to obtain dry hot air;
and 7, the control unit controls the second sealing conveyor (51) to convey the dried cut materials to the second airlock discharger (52), ozone is filled into the sealed glove box (55) through an ozone tube (551) of the glove box, the control unit controls the negative pressure suction unit to perform negative pressure operation on the sealed glove box (55) through a packaging negative pressure tube (531), and the dried cut materials enter a double-layer sealed bag with a buckle through a discharging tube (53) and are packaged and encapsulated through a buckle bag ring (54).
2. The treatment process of the medical sludge inactivation, dehydration, closed-cycle drying HSDD treatment device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the flocculation sterilization treatment unit comprises more than two sterilization tanks (11), the sterilization tanks (11) are mutually communicated through a first pipeline (13), a first pipeline (13) is provided with a pipeline switch valve (131), and the first pipeline (13) is connected with the negative pressure suction unit; the sterilization tank (11) is provided with a sludge inlet (111) and ClO 2 A solution inlet (112), a flocculant inlet (113), a tail gas discharge pipe (114), clO 2 The device comprises a sterilized water inlet (115), a breather valve (116), a sludge discharge port (117) and an ozone inlet, wherein the ozone inlet is provided with an ozone valve and is connected with an ozone generating unit; the tail gas discharge pipe (114) is connected with a tail gas treatment unit, a sludge adding valve (1111) is arranged on the sludge inlet (111), and the ClO is 2 The solution inlet (112) is provided with ClO 2 A solution adding valve (1121), a flocculant adding valve (1131) is arranged on the flocculant inlet (113), a tail gas discharge valve (1141) is arranged on the tail gas discharge pipe (114), and the ClO is 2 The inlet (115) of the disinfectant is provided with ClO 2 The device comprises a sterilized water adding valve (1151), a sludge discharge port (117) is connected with a sludge discharge pipeline (1171) and a cleaning sewage discharge pipeline (1181), and the sludge discharge pipeline (1171) is provided with a sludge discharge valve (1172); the cleaning sewage discharge pipeline (1181) passes through a cleaning sewage discharge valve (1182)A sewage return pipeline (1183) is connected; an overflow port (119) is formed in the sterilization tank (11), and the overflow port (119) is connected with a sewage return pipeline (1183) through an overflow valve (1191); residual ClO is arranged on the sterilization tank (11) 2 An on-line detector.
3. The treatment process of the medical sludge inactivation, dehydration, closed-cycle drying HSDD treatment device according to claim 2, characterized in that: the tail gas treatment unit comprises an ozone disinfection module (21), a filter (22) and an induced draft fan (23) which are sequentially connected, the ozone disinfection module (21) is connected with a tail gas discharge pipe (114), and the pore of a filter element of the filter (22) is not more than 0.22 mu m; an activated carbon adsorption box (24) is arranged between the filter (22) and the induced draft fan (23); the ozone disinfection module (21) is connected with the ozone generating unit.
4. The treatment process of the medical sludge inactivation, dehydration, closed-cycle drying HSDD treatment device according to claim 3, characterized in that: the centrifugal dehydration unit comprises a tubular mixer (31) and a horizontal spiral centrifuge (32), the sludge discharge pipeline (1171), the tubular mixer (31) and the horizontal spiral centrifuge (32) are sequentially connected, a mixer flocculant inlet (311) is arranged on the tubular mixer (31), the horizontal spiral centrifuge (32) is provided with a water outlet (321) and a sludge outlet (322), the water outlet (321) is connected with a sewage backflow pipeline (1183), and the sludge outlet (322) is connected with a first sealing conveyor; the first sealing conveyor is provided with a conveyor ozone inlet and a negative pressure suction port, the negative pressure suction port is connected with the negative pressure suction unit, and the conveyor ozone inlet is connected with the ozone generation unit.
5. The treatment process of the medical sludge inactivation, dehydration, closed-cycle drying HSDD treatment device according to claim 4, characterized in that: the horizontal screw centrifuge (32) comprises a central feeding pipe (324), a rotary drum (325), a screw conveyor (326) with a hollow rotary shaft, a differential (3271), a centrifugal motor (327), a sealing cover (328) and a bearing seat (329), wherein the centrifugal motor (327), the differential (3271) and the screw conveyor (326) with the hollow rotary shaft are in transmission connection, the hollow rotary shaft is installed on the bearing seat (329), a discharging port of the central feeding pipe (324) extends into the hollow rotary shaft, and the side surface of the central feeding pipe (324) is in sealing connection with the hollow rotary shaft; the rotary drum (325) is arranged on the outer surface of the spiral conveyor (326), the sealing cover (328) is arranged on the outer surface of the rotary drum (325), the rotary drum (325) is in transmission connection with the differential (3271), and the water outlet (321) and the sludge outlet (322) are respectively arranged on the sealing cover (328).
6. The treatment process of the medical sludge inactivation, dehydration, closed-cycle drying HSDD treatment device according to claim 5, characterized in that: the heat pump closed circulation low-temperature drying unit comprises a sludge slitting system (41), a drying chamber, an evaporator (43), a condenser (44), a compressor (45) and a circulating fan (46), wherein more than two mesh belt drying conveyer belts (42) are arranged in the drying chamber, the mesh belt drying conveyer belts (42) are arranged up and down, and a material outlet of one mesh belt drying conveyer belt (42) is connected with a material inlet of the next adjacent mesh belt drying conveyer belt (42); the drying chamber is provided with an air inlet pipeline (421) and an air outlet pipeline (422), and the air outlet pipeline (422), the evaporator (43), the condenser (44), the circulating fan (46) and the air inlet pipeline (421) are communicated in sequence; the compressor (45) is installed between the evaporator (43) and the condenser (44); the evaporator (43) is provided with a condensed water outlet (431), and the condensed water outlet (431) is connected with a sewage return pipeline (1183).
7. The treatment process of the medical sludge inactivation, dehydration, closed-cycle drying HSDD treatment device according to claim 6, characterized in that: mud slitting system (41) include by last air-lock unloader (411), slitter (412), hopper (413) that set gradually under to, air-lock unloader (411) is connected with the discharge gate of sealed conveyer one, be provided with the measurement weight on slitter (412), measure the weight and Guan Feng unloader (411) linkage connection.
8. The treatment process of the medical sludge inactivation, dehydration, closed-cycle drying HSDD treatment device according to claim 7, characterized in that: the conveying and packaging unit comprises a second sealing conveyor (51), a second air-seal unloading machine (52), a blanking pipe (53) with a bag buckling ring (54) and a sealed glove box (55), wherein the second air-seal unloading machine (52) is arranged on the blanking pipe (53), one end of the second sealing conveyor (51) is connected with a discharge port of the heat pump closed circulation low-temperature drying unit, the other end of the second sealing conveyor is connected with a feed port of the Guan Feng unloading machine (52), one end of the blanking pipe (53) with the bag buckling ring (54) extends into the sealed glove box (55), the blanking pipe (53) and the sealed glove box (55) are provided with a packaging negative pressure pipe (531), and the packaging negative pressure pipe (531) is connected with a negative pressure suction unit; the closed glove box (55) is provided with a glove box ozone tube (551), and the glove box ozone tube (551) is connected with an ozone generating unit; and a second conveyor ozone inlet and a second negative pressure suction port are arranged on the second sealing conveyor (51), the second negative pressure suction port is connected with the negative pressure suction unit, and the second conveyor ozone inlet is connected with the ozone generation unit.
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CN1268562C (en) * 2003-08-28 2006-08-09 清华同方股份有限公司 Negative pressure moving type sludge drying treatment equipment
JP4868127B2 (en) * 2006-03-31 2012-02-01 栗田工業株式会社 Organic sludge dewatering method
CN201999838U (en) * 2010-12-15 2011-10-05 嘉兴新嘉爱斯热电有限公司 Sludge treatment system
CN203568959U (en) * 2013-10-21 2014-04-30 程中和 Oily sludge dewatering treatment equipment
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