CN113023809A - Preparation method of membrane material for solar interface evaporation seawater desalination - Google Patents
Preparation method of membrane material for solar interface evaporation seawater desalination Download PDFInfo
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- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/02—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating
- C02F1/04—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating by distillation or evaporation
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/02—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating
- C02F1/04—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating by distillation or evaporation
- C02F1/08—Thin film evaporation
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
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- C02F1/02—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating
- C02F1/04—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating by distillation or evaporation
- C02F1/14—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating by distillation or evaporation using solar energy
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
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Abstract
The invention discloses a preparation method of a membrane material for solar interface evaporation seawater desalination, which comprises the following steps: dissolving PLA granules in a chloroform/N, N-dimethyl amide mixed solvent, and then adding PLA-g-HPC and Ti respectively3C2TxStirring and ultrasonically treating the (MXene) nanosheet, and performing electrostatic spinning to obtain a PLA/PLA-HPC/MXene film; the invention takes PLA-g-HPC as a dispersing agent and functional particles, and introduces Ti3C2TxThe (MXene) nanosheets are uniformly dispersed in the PLA/PLA-HPC/MXene film, so that the PLA/PLA-HPC/MXene film has good photo-thermal conversion performance and mechanical stability; and the PLA/PLA-HPC/MXene membrane has three-dimensional multilevel pore canalsThe structure makes it have great specific surface area, is favorable to the evaporation of water, improves evaporation efficiency.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of solar seawater desalination, in particular to a preparation method of a membrane material for solar interface evaporation seawater desalination.
Background
Of all renewable energy sources, solar energy is considered the most abundant energy source, with about 3.4 x 1024J of solar energy reaching the earth's surface each year, an amount that is an order of magnitude greater than the sum of all estimated non-renewable energy sources including nuclear and fossil fuels. Although fossil fuels remain a major energy source, global fluctuations in supply and demand for oil and gas often cause conflicts. In addition, carbon, nitrogen and oxides of aerosol emitted from the combustion of fossil fuels contribute to atmospheric pollution and global warming.
With the increasing population, the shortage of fresh water resources in the world is receiving more and more attention, the fresh water resources are one of the indispensable substances for human survival, and the total amount of the fresh water resources on the earth is very small at present. According to reports from the world health organization and joint monitoring of the children's foundation, 21 million people worldwide do not have safe and readily available water at home. The total amount of water resources in China is about 28000 hundred million m3The water accounts for about 6 percent of the total amount of water resources in the world, and the water occupied by everyone is 1/4 of the water occupied by everyone in the world due to the large population. To address the problem of global scarcity of fresh water resources, desalination of sea water is one of the most direct and efficient methods. Compared with the traditional seawater desalination method, the solar seawater desalination technology has the advantages of environmental protection, energy conservation, low cost and the like, and is a seawater desalination technology with great application prospect.
The membrane material for solar interface evaporation seawater desalination is one of the key technologies, and three key principles need to be considered for designing the high-performance membrane material for solar interface evaporation seawater desalination: firstly, constructing a photo-thermal material with broadband absorption to improve the solar photo-thermal conversion capability; secondly, the evaporation area is locally heated to reduce heat loss; thirdly, a multi-stage pore structure is constructed to provide sufficient water transport to support continuous evaporation. Various photothermal materials, such as metal nanoparticles, semiconductor materials, and carbon-based materials, have been developed as a photothermal agent due to their high solar photothermal conversion properties.
Although researchers have conducted a series of studies on membrane materials that can be used for seawater desalination, there are still the following key problems to be solved: the mechanical properties of the membrane material are poor; the lack of a hierarchical pore structure affects the evaporation of water vapor; the photo-thermal material has poor dispersibility in the matrix.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a preparation method of a membrane material for solar interface evaporation seawater desalination, which aims to solve the problems of poor mechanical property and low photo-thermal conversion efficiency of the seawater desalination membrane material prepared in the prior art.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
the invention provides a preparation method of a membrane material for solar interface evaporation seawater desalination, which comprises the following steps: dissolving PLA (polylactic acid) granules in a chloroform/N, N-dimethyl amide mixed solvent, and then adding PLA-g-HPC (polylactic acid graft compound) and Ti respectively3C2TxAnd (MXene) nanosheets, stirring, performing ultrasonic treatment, and performing electrostatic spinning to obtain a PLA/PLA-HPC/MXene film.
Further, PLA granules, PLA-g-HPC, Ti3C2TxThe mass-volume ratio of the (MXene) nanosheet to the chloroform/N, N-dimethylformamide mixed solvent is 300:15 (44-46):5 (mg/mg/mg/mL); ti3C2TxThe amount of the (MXene) nanosheets cannot be too large or too small, the excessive amount of the (MXene) nanosheets easily causes agglomeration, the mechanical performance of the PLA/PLA-HPC/MXene film is affected, and the too small amount of the (MXene) nanosheets can reduce the photothermal conversion performance of the PLA/PLA-HPC/MXene film;
the mass ratio of chloroform to N, N-dimethyl amide in the chloroform/N, N-dimethyl amide mixed solvent is (5.5-6): 1.
Further, the stirring time is 6-10h, and the ultrasonic time is 30-60 min.
Further, the voltage of electrostatic spinning is 19-20kV, the distance from the nozzle to the receiver is 10-12cm, the feeding rate is 2-3mL/h, and the receiving rotating speed is 900-.
Further, Ti3C2TxThe preparation method of the (MXene) nanosheet comprises the following steps: dissolving lithium fluoride in hydrochloric acid, and then adding Ti3AlC2Reacting the powder, centrifuging after the reaction is finished, taking the lower layer precipitate, washing and drying to obtain Ti3C2Tx(MXene) nanosheets.
Further, lithium fluoride, Ti3AlC2Mass volume of powder and hydrochloric acidThe ratio of (g/g/mL) is 1:1: 20.
Further, the reaction temperature was 35 ℃ and the reaction time was 24 hours.
Further, the preparation method of PLA-g-HPC comprises the following steps: under nitrogen atmosphere, mixing L-lactide, hydroxypropyl cellulose and Sn (Oct)2And respectively adding the catalysts into toluene for reaction, and after the reaction is finished, precipitating, purifying and drying to obtain the PLA-g-HPC.
Further, the mass-to-volume ratio of L-lactide, hydroxypropyl cellulose and toluene was 14.5:0.7:100 (g/g/mL).
Further, the reaction temperature is 80 ℃, and the reaction time is 24 hours; the reagent used for precipitation is methanol; chloroform is used as a reagent for purification.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention provides a preparation method of a membrane material for solar interface evaporation seawater desalination, which takes PLA-g-HPC as a dispersing agent and functional particles and introduces Ti3C2Tx(MXene) nanosheets, wherein the MXene is uniformly dispersed in the PLA/PLA-HPC/MXene film, so that the PLA/PLA-HPC/MXene film has good photo-thermal conversion performance and mechanical performance; in addition, the PLA/PLA-HPC/MXene membrane prepared by electrostatic spinning has a three-dimensional multistage pore canal structure, so that the PLA/PLA-HPC/MXene membrane has a larger specific surface area, the evaporation process of water is facilitated, and the evaporation efficiency is improved; the PLA/PLA-HPC/MXene film has good mechanical stability, corrosion resistance and ideal self-floating characteristic, can float on the surface of water and improves the photo-thermal conversion efficiency.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is an SEM image of a PLA/PLA-HPC/MXene film prepared in example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a surface mapping chart of PLA/PLA-HPC/MXene films prepared in example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 3(a) is a drawing showing the dropping of different liquids onto the surface of the PLA/PLA-HPC/MXene film prepared in example 1 of the present invention; (b) is a self-floating characteristic picture of the PLA/PLA-HPC/MXene film prepared in the embodiment 1 of the invention; (c) is a contact angle characteristic picture of the PLA/PLA-HPC/MXene film prepared in the embodiment 1 of the invention;
FIG. 4 is a graph showing the temperature change of the surface of the PLA/PLA-HPC/MXene film prepared in example 1 of the present invention when the PLA/PLA-HPC/MXene film is irradiated under 1 sun light for different time periods.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1:
a preparation method of a membrane material for seawater desalination by solar interface evaporation comprises the following steps:
(1)Ti3C2Txthe preparation method of the (MXene) nanosheet comprises the following steps:
dissolving 2g of lithium fluoride in 40mL of hydrochloric acid (the concentration of the hydrochloric acid is 9mol/L) in a 100mL polytetrafluoroethylene beaker at room temperature, and fully stirring and mixing for 40 min; then, 2g of Ti was slowly added3AlC2Powder, after the material is added, the reaction solution is placed at 35 ℃ and continuously stirred for 24 hours; after the reaction is finished, centrifuging the reaction solution at 7000rpm for 8 times, taking the lower layer precipitate, washing with distilled water until the pH of the solution is neutral, and then drying in a vacuum drying oven at 60 ℃ for 24 hours to obtain Ti3C2Tx(MXene) nanoplatelets;
(2) the preparation method of the PLA-g-HPC comprises the following steps:
14.5g L-lactide and 0.7g hydroxypropyl cellulose were each added to 100mL of toluene under a nitrogen atmosphere, and then heated to 80 ℃ and 0.29g Sn (Oct) was added2Catalyst, reacting for 24 h; after the reaction is finished, precipitating the product by using methanol, further purifying by using chloroform, and then drying for 72 hours in vacuum at 50 ℃ to obtain PLA-g-HPC;
(3) the preparation method of the PLA/PLA-HPC/MXene film comprises the following steps:
dissolving 0.6g of PLA granules in 10mL of chloroform/N, N-dimethyl amide mixed solvent (the mass ratio of chloroform to N, N-dimethyl amide is 5.5:1) at room temperature, and stirring for 24h to completely dissolve the PLA granules; then, 30mg of PLA-g-HPC and 90mg of Ti were added, respectively3C2TxContinuously stirring the (MXene) nanosheets vigorously for 10 hours, and carrying out ultrasonic treatment for 60min to remove bubbles in the mixed solution; then, carrying out electrostatic spinning on the mixed solution to obtain a PLA/PLA-HPC/MXene film, and placing the PLA/PLA-HPC/MXene film in vacuum at 40 ℃ for drying for 48 h; the setting parameters of the electrostatic spinning process are as follows: the distance between the nozzle and the receiver was 10cm, the applied voltage was 19kV, the feed rate was 2mL/h, and the receiving speed was 900 r/min.
FIG. 1 is an SEM image of a PLA/PLA-HPC/MXene membrane prepared in example 1 of the present invention, and it can be seen from FIG. 1 that the PLA/PLA-HPC/MXene membrane has a significant three-dimensional multi-stage pore channel structure, which can be used as a transmission channel of water vapor to improve the evaporation efficiency;
FIG. 2 is a surface mapping graph of PLA/PLA-HPC/MXene film prepared in example 1 of the present invention, and it can be seen from FIG. 2 that MXene in the PLA/PLA-HPC/MXene film is uniformly dispersed therein;
FIG. 3(a) is a photograph showing the addition of different liquids to the surface of the PLA/PLA-HPC/MXene film prepared in example 1 of the present invention, and it can be seen from FIG. 3(a) that when different liquids (deionized water, hot water at a temperature greater than 80 ℃, water at a pH greater than 7, water at a pH less than 7, and tea leaf water, respectively) are added to the surface of the PLA/PLA-HPC/MXene film, the liquids are almost circular and have large contact angles, and the experimental results show that the PLA/PLA-HPC/MXene film has excellent corrosion resistance;
FIG. 3(b) is a picture of the self-floating property of the PLA/PLA-HPC/MXene film obtained in example 1 of the present invention, and it can be seen from FIG. 3(b) that when the PLA/PLA-HPC/MXene film is immersed in turbid water, the PLA/PLA-HPC/MXene film can keep its original shape and immediately float on the water surface, and the experimental result shows that the PLA/PLA-HPC/MXene film can be used in a floating type solar seawater desalination device;
FIG. 3(c) is a graph showing the contact angle characteristics of the PLA/PLA-HPC/MXene film prepared in example 1 of the present invention, and it can be seen from FIG. 3(c) that after liquid water is dropped on the surface of the PLA/PLA-HPC/MXene film and is maintained for 60s, the contact angle of the liquid water is still 125 degrees, and the experimental results show that the PLA/PLA-HPC/MXene film has excellent hydrophobicity.
Fig. 4 is a graph showing the temperature change of the surface of the PLA/PLA-HPC/MXene film prepared in example 1 of the present invention when the PLA/PLA-HPC/MXene film is irradiated under 1 sun for different time periods, and it can be seen from fig. 4 that the temperature of the surface of the PLA/PLA-HPC/MXene film is rapidly increased from 24.8 ℃ to 39.4 ℃ after the PLA/PLA-HPC/MXene film is irradiated under 1 sun for 60min, because the MXene uniformly dispersed in the PLA/PLA-HPC/MXene film has excellent photo-thermal conversion performance, the absorbed sun light can be rapidly converted into thermal energy by means of energy conversion, and the MXene has a high thermal conductivity coefficient, so that the PLA/PLA-HPC/MXene film has good thermal conductivity under the sun light irradiation.
Example 2:
a preparation method of a membrane material for seawater desalination by solar interface evaporation comprises the following steps:
dissolving 2g of lithium fluoride in 40mL of hydrochloric acid (the concentration of the hydrochloric acid is 9mol/L) in a 100mL polytetrafluoroethylene beaker at room temperature, and fully stirring and mixing for 60 min; then, 2g of Ti was slowly added3AlC2Powder, after the material is added, the reaction solution is placed at 35 ℃ and continuously stirred for 24 hours; after the reaction is finished, centrifuging the reaction solution for 5 times at the rotation speed of 8000rpm, taking the lower-layer precipitate, washing with distilled water until the pH of the solution is neutral, and then drying in a vacuum drying oven at 60 ℃ for 24 hours to obtain Ti3C2Tx(MXene) nanoplatelets;
(2) the preparation method of the PLA-g-HPC comprises the following steps:
14.5g L-lactide and 0.7g hydroxypropyl cellulose were each added to 100mL of toluene under a nitrogen atmosphere, and then heated to 80 ℃ and 0.29g Sn (Oct) was added2Catalyst, reacting for 24 h; after the reaction is finished, precipitating the product by using methanol, further purifying by using chloroform, and then drying for 72 hours in vacuum at 50 ℃ to obtain PLA-g-HPC;
(3) the preparation method of the PLA/PLA-HPC/MXene film comprises the following steps:
dissolving 0.6g of PLA granules in 10mL of chloroform/N, N-dimethyl amide mixed solvent (the mass ratio of chloroform to N, N-dimethyl amide is 6:1) at room temperature, and stirring for 24h to completely dissolve the PLA granules; then, 30mg of PLA-g-HPC and 88mg of Ti were added, respectively3C2TxContinuously stirring (MXene) nanosheets vigorously for 8 hours, and carrying out ultrasonic treatment for 30min to remove bubbles in the mixed solution; then, carrying out electrostatic spinning on the mixed solution to obtain a PLA/PLA-HPC/MXene film, and placing the PLA/PLA-HPC/MXene film in vacuum at 50 ℃ for drying for 24 hours; the setting parameters of the electrostatic spinning process are as follows: the distance between the nozzle and the receiver was 12cm, the applied voltage was 20kV, the feed rate was 3mL/h, and the receiving speed was 1000 r/min.
Example 3:
a preparation method of a membrane material for seawater desalination by solar interface evaporation comprises the following steps:
dissolving 2g of lithium fluoride in 40mL of hydrochloric acid (the concentration of the hydrochloric acid is 9mol/L) in a 100mL polytetrafluoroethylene beaker at room temperature, and fully stirring and mixing for 50 min; then, 2g of Ti was slowly added3AlC2Powder, after the material is added, the reaction solution is placed at 35 ℃ and continuously stirred for 24 hours; after the reaction is finished, centrifuging the reaction solution for 6 times at the rotating speed of 7500rpm, taking the lower layer precipitate, washing with distilled water until the pH of the solution is neutral, and then drying in a vacuum drying oven at 60 ℃ for 24 hours to obtain Ti3C2Tx(MXene) nanoplatelets;
(2) the preparation method of the PLA-g-HPC comprises the following steps:
14.5g L-lactide and 0.7g hydroxypropyl cellulose were each added to 100mL of toluene under a nitrogen atmosphere, and then heated to 80 ℃ and 0.29g Sn (Oct) was added2Catalyst, reacting for 24 h; after the reaction is finished, precipitating the product by using methanol, further purifying by using chloroform, and then drying for 72 hours in vacuum at 50 ℃ to obtain PLA-g-HPC;
(3) the preparation method of the PLA/PLA-HPC/MXene film comprises the following steps:
0.6g of PLA pellets was dissolved in 10mL of a chloroform/N, N-dimethylformamide mixed solvent (the mass ratio of chloroform to N, N-dimethylformamide was 6:1) at room temperature, and the mixture was stirred for 24 hours to be dissolved in the solventCompletely dissolving; then, 30mg of PLA-g-HPC and 92mg of Ti were added, respectively3C2TxContinuously stirring the (MXene) nanosheets vigorously for 6 hours, and carrying out ultrasonic treatment for 50min to remove bubbles in the mixed solution; then, carrying out electrostatic spinning on the mixed solution to obtain a PLA/PLA-HPC/MXene film, and placing the PLA/PLA-HPC/MXene film in vacuum at 45 ℃ for drying for 36 h; the setting parameters of the electrostatic spinning process are as follows: the distance between the nozzle and the receiver was 10cm, the applied voltage was 19kV, the feed rate was 2mL/h, and the receiving speed was 900 r/min.
Example 4:
a preparation method of a membrane material for seawater desalination by solar interface evaporation comprises the following steps:
(1)Ti3C2Txthe preparation method of the (MXene) nanosheet comprises the following steps:
dissolving 2g of lithium fluoride in 40mL of hydrochloric acid (the concentration of the hydrochloric acid is 9mol/L) in a 100mL polytetrafluoroethylene beaker at room temperature, and fully stirring and mixing for 50 min; then, 2g of Ti was slowly added3AlC2Powder, after the material is added, the reaction solution is placed at 35 ℃ and continuously stirred for 24 hours; after the reaction is finished, centrifuging the reaction solution at 7000rpm for 7 times, taking the lower layer precipitate, washing with distilled water until the pH of the solution is neutral, and then drying in a vacuum drying oven at 60 ℃ for 24 hours to obtain Ti3C2Tx(MXene) nanoplatelets;
(2) the preparation method of the PLA-g-HPC comprises the following steps:
14.5g L-lactide and 0.7g hydroxypropyl cellulose were each added to 100mL of toluene under a nitrogen atmosphere, and then heated to 80 ℃ and 0.29g Sn (Oct) was added2Catalyst, reacting for 24 h; after the reaction is finished, precipitating the product by using methanol, further purifying by using chloroform, and then drying for 72 hours in vacuum at 50 ℃ to obtain PLA-g-HPC;
(3) the preparation method of the PLA/PLA-HPC/MXene film comprises the following steps:
at room temperature, 0.6g of PLA granules are dissolved in 10mL of chloroform/N, N-dimethyl amide mixed solvent (the mass ratio of chloroform to N, N-dimethyl amide is 5.8:1), and stirred for 24 hours to be completely dissolved; then, 30mg of PLA-g-HPC and 89mg of Ti were added, respectively3C2TxContinuously stirring (MXene) nanosheets vigorously for 7 hours, and performing ultrasonic treatment for 40min to remove bubbles in the mixed solution; then, carrying out electrostatic spinning on the mixed solution to obtain a PLA/PLA-HPC/MXene film, and placing the PLA/PLA-HPC/MXene film in vacuum for drying for 30h at the temperature of 45 ℃; the setting parameters of the electrostatic spinning process are as follows: the distance between the nozzle and the receiver was 12cm, the applied voltage was 20kV, the feed rate was 3mL/h, and the receiving speed was 1000 r/min.
Test example:
(1) the test method comprises the following steps:
under the indoor conditions of room temperature and relative humidity of 20 +/-1%, a sunlight simulation xenon lamp is used as a light source, deionized water is filled in a container, the height of the liquid level in the container is ensured to be the same in each test, then the PLA/PLA-HPC/MXene membrane material prepared in the embodiments 1 to 4 of the invention is placed, the PLA/PLA-HPC/MXene membrane material floats on the water level of the deionized water automatically, and the illumination intensity of the sunlight simulation xenon lamp is adjusted to be 1 kW.m-2I.e. in one sun, the container was placed on a precision balance, the change in mass of the container during evaporation was recorded using a notebook, the change in temperature of the surface of the PLA/PLA-HPC/MXene film material during evaporation was recorded using an infrared imager, and the test results are shown in table 1.
The calculation formula of the evaporation efficiency is as follows:
wherein m is the evaporation rate; coptIs the number of the sun; q. q.siIs the intensity under one sunlight, i.e. 1 kW.m-2；hLVIs the total enthalpy of phase change;
hLV＝λ+C·ΔT，
wherein λ is latent heat of phase change; c is the specific heat capacity of water; and delta T is a temperature change value.
The simulated seawater evaporation was performed by irradiating PLA/PLA-HPC/MXene membrane material with a sunlight simulated xenon lamp according to the above test method, and the water vapor generated during evaporation was collected by using a simple distillation system, and the test results are shown in Table 2.
(2) Test results and conclusions:
TABLE 1 test results of evaporation rate and evaporation efficiency
| Evaporation rate (kg. m)-2·h-1) | Efficiency of Evaporation (%) | |
| Example 1 | 1.26 | 84.5 |
| Example 2 | 1.30 | 84.9 |
| Example 3 | 1.29 | 84.6 |
| Example 4 | 1.26 | 84.8 |
As can be seen from Table 1, the evaporation rates of the PLA/PLA-HPC/MXene film materials obtained in examples 1 to 4 of the present invention were all 1.26 kg. m-2·h-1Above, the evaporation efficiency is above 84.5%, and the test results show that the PLA/PLA-HPC/MXene film materials prepared in the embodiments 1 to 4 of the invention have excellent evaporation performance.
TABLE 2 simulation of respective ion concentration results in seawater and distilled water
As can be seen from Table 2, Ca is present in fresh water collected after evaporation of PLA/PLA-HPC/MXene membrane materials prepared in examples 1 to 4 of the present invention in comparison with the initial simulated seawater2+、K+、Mg2+、Na+The ion concentration of the collected fresh water is reduced by 4-5 orders of magnitude compared with that of the initially simulated seawater, and the ion concentration of the collected fresh water meets the human water-drinking standard, and the test result shows that the PLA/PLA-HPC/MXene membrane material prepared in the embodiments 1-4 of the invention has good seawater desalination performance and can be used in the field of solar interface evaporation seawater desalination.
It will be evident to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the foregoing illustrative embodiments, and that the present invention may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential attributes thereof. The present embodiments are therefore to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the invention being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein. Any reference sign in a claim should not be construed as limiting the claim concerned.
Claims (10)
1. A preparation method of a membrane material for seawater desalination by solar interface evaporation is characterized by comprising the following steps: dissolving PLA granules in a chloroform/N, N-dimethyl amide mixed solvent, and then adding PLA-g-HPC and Ti respectively3C2TxAnd (MXene) nanosheets, stirring, performing ultrasonic treatment, and performing electrostatic spinning to obtain a PLA/PLA-HPC/MXene film.
2. The preparation method of the membrane material for solar interfacial evaporation seawater desalination according to claim 1The method is characterized in that: the PLA particles, PLA-g-HPC and Ti3C2TxThe mass-volume ratio of the (MXene) nanosheet to the chloroform/N, N-dimethylformamide mixed solvent is 300:15 (44-46):5 (mg/mg/mg/mL);
the mass ratio of chloroform to N, N-dimethyl amide in the chloroform/N, N-dimethyl amide mixed solvent is (5.5-6): 1.
3. The preparation method of the membrane material for solar interface evaporation seawater desalination according to claim 1, characterized by comprising the following steps: the stirring time is 6-10h, and the ultrasonic time is 30-60 min.
4. The preparation method of the membrane material for solar interface evaporation seawater desalination according to claim 1, characterized by comprising the following steps: the voltage of the electrostatic spinning is 19-20KV, the distance from the nozzle to the receiver is 10-12cm, the supply rate is 2-3mL/h, and the receiving rotating speed is 900-.
5. The method for preparing the membrane material for the desalination of seawater by solar interfacial evaporation according to claim 1, wherein the Ti is prepared by the method3C2TxThe preparation method of the (MXene) nanosheet comprises the following steps: dissolving lithium fluoride in hydrochloric acid, and then adding Ti3AlC2Reacting the powder, centrifuging after the reaction is finished, taking the lower layer precipitate, washing and drying to obtain Ti3C2Tx(MXene) nanosheets.
6. The preparation method of the membrane material for solar interface evaporation seawater desalination according to claim 5, characterized by comprising the following steps: the lithium fluoride and Ti3AlC2The mass-to-volume ratio of the powder to the hydrochloric acid was 1:1:20 (g/g/mL).
7. The preparation method of the membrane material for solar interface evaporation seawater desalination according to claim 5, characterized by comprising the following steps: the reaction temperature is 35 ℃, and the reaction time is 24 h.
8. The preparation method of the film material for solar interfacial evaporation seawater desalination according to claim 1, wherein the preparation method of PLA-g-HPC comprises: under nitrogen atmosphere, mixing L-lactide, hydroxypropyl cellulose and Sn (Oct)2And respectively adding the catalysts into toluene for reaction, and after the reaction is finished, precipitating, purifying and drying to obtain the PLA-g-HPC.
9. The preparation method of the membrane material for solar interface evaporation seawater desalination according to claim 8, characterized by comprising the following steps: the mass-to-volume ratio of the L-lactide to the hydroxypropyl cellulose to the toluene was 14.5:0.7:100 (g/g/mL).
10. The preparation method of the membrane material for solar interface evaporation seawater desalination according to claim 8, characterized by comprising the following steps: the reaction temperature is 80 ℃, and the reaction time is 24 hours; the reagent adopted for precipitation is methanol; the reagent adopted for purification is chloroform.
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| CN114349993A (en) * | 2022-02-28 | 2022-04-15 | 陕西科技大学 | HPC/CNC/MXene composite film material and preparation method and application thereof |
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| CN114656288A (en) * | 2022-03-15 | 2022-06-24 | 中国科学院过程工程研究所 | MXene/ceramic fiber photothermal conversion composite material and preparation method and application thereof |
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