CN113022342B - Intelligent power distribution quick charger and control method thereof - Google Patents
Intelligent power distribution quick charger and control method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN113022342B CN113022342B CN202110479230.0A CN202110479230A CN113022342B CN 113022342 B CN113022342 B CN 113022342B CN 202110479230 A CN202110479230 A CN 202110479230A CN 113022342 B CN113022342 B CN 113022342B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
- B60L53/10—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles characterised by the energy transfer between the charging station and the vehicle
- B60L53/14—Conductive energy transfer
- B60L53/16—Connectors, e.g. plugs or sockets, specially adapted for charging electric vehicles
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
- B60L53/20—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles characterised by converters located in the vehicle
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
- B60L53/20—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles characterised by converters located in the vehicle
- B60L53/22—Constructional details or arrangements of charging converters specially adapted for charging electric vehicles
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
- B60L53/60—Monitoring or controlling charging stations
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
- B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
- B60L58/12—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries responding to state of charge [SoC]
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/72—Electric energy management in electromobility
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
- Y02T90/16—Information or communication technologies improving the operation of electric vehicles
Abstract
The invention relates to the field, in particular to an intelligent power distribution direct current charger, which comprises at least two direct current charging guns, a power supply module and a power supply module, wherein the at least two direct current charging guns are used for charging an electric automobile; each direct current charging gun is at least provided with two rectifying power modules, and each rectifying power module is used for being coupled with an external power supply and outputting direct current; each direct current charging gun is provided with a sampling unit for collecting the charge state quantity of the power supply of the corresponding electric automobile when the direct current charging gun works; and the control unit is used for connecting at least one rectifying power module connected with any direct current charging gun to other direct current charging guns in the working state when the charge state quantity of the direct current charging gun is larger than a first preset value. There are a number of charging modes: a single-gun full-power charging mode, a multi-gun simultaneous charging mode and an intelligent power distribution charging mode; the control unit can control the action of the output contactor of the rectifying module according to different vehicle storage battery SOC values, and the charging is continued under the condition that the current channel is not influenced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of electric vehicles and power storage battery charging, in particular to an intelligent power distribution quick charger.
Background
The electric vehicle (BEV) is a vehicle which takes the stored energy of a vehicle-mounted power storage battery as a power supply, provides driving energy for a motor to drive wheels, and meets various requirements of road traffic and safety regulations. The quick charger is a device capable of outputting large capacity for quick charging in a short time, and plays an important role in charging, supplying and supplying power to the electric automobile. No matter how the power density is improved by the power battery technology, a direct current charging facility is not used, and the driving range can be improved while the charging time is shortened.
The conventional quick charger for the electric automobile generally adopts a parallel combination of a plurality of low-power module units to form a charger with required capacity, a one-machine one-charging mode is adopted, at present, a one-machine multi-charging mode is also adopted, but a single-gun independent charging mode or a multi-gun simultaneous charging mode is adopted, and an intelligent power distribution charging mode cannot be realized.
In the charging process, the quick charger realizes the output of charging electric energy through the direct current charging gun, the direct current charging gun feeds the charging parameters of the electric vehicle back to the control unit, and the control unit controls the output power of the power module according to different BMS power requirements. Because the existing charger mostly adopts the small power modules with high power density, high power factor and high efficiency to form the large-capacity charger in parallel, the charging requirement of high power is met. However, the charging process of the power storage battery is a dynamic process, and automatic adjustment of a large charging power range under the maximum charging capacity is required to meet the charging performance of the storage battery pack. For example, when the SOC value of the vehicle storage battery is high, the output power required by the charging parameter of the electric vehicle is small. The existing high-power modularized charger does not have the function of automatic power distribution among module groups, often, when the charging is needed with small capacity, redundant power of the module group cannot be distributed to other charging guns, the redundant arrangement of the larger power of the charging module unit of the cost group is directly made, the charging time of other charging guns cannot be shortened by transferring the redundant arrangement to other charging guns, electric energy waste can be caused, and the like. In addition, under the dynamic condition of low required current, the required current on each power module of the power module group is very small, and all the power modules work in a low-current state for a long time, so that the efficiency of the power modules is low, the loss is large, the service life of the power modules is reduced, the charger efficiency is reduced, the cost is increased, and the like. Therefore, the intelligent power distribution function needs to be added to solve the problem of efficient utilization of the charging capacity of the high-power charger, prolong the service life of equipment and improve the charging efficiency of the charged electric automobile.
Disclosure of Invention
The first purpose of the invention is to provide an intelligent power distribution quick charger, which solves the problems that the power of a direct current quick charger or a charging pile cannot be automatically adjusted and distributed under the condition of multi-module combination and one-machine multi-charging, so that the power of the module cannot distribute redundant power to other charging guns to cause resource waste, the power of the charger cannot be maximally utilized when multiple guns are charged simultaneously, the charging time is long, the efficiency is low and the like under the condition of high SOC value of a storage battery of an electric automobile;
a second objective of the present invention is to provide a control method for a fast charger, which solves the above-mentioned problems that when the power of a dc fast charger or a charging pile is combined by multiple modules and charged by one or multiple charging guns, the power between the modules and charging gun units cannot be automatically adjusted and distributed, and thus, if the SOC value of the storage battery of an electric vehicle is high, the power of the module of the unit cannot distribute redundant power to other charging guns, which results in resource waste, the power of the charging gun cannot be maximally utilized when multiple charging guns are charged simultaneously, the charging time is long, and the efficiency is low;
the technical problem solved by the invention can be realized by adopting the following technical scheme: a quick charger with intelligent power distribution DC charger comprises
The at least two direct current charging guns are used for charging the electric automobile;
each direct current charging gun is at least provided with two rectifying power modules, and each rectifying power module is used for being coupled with an external power supply and outputting a direct current power supply;
each direct current charging gun is provided with a sampling unit for collecting the corresponding charge state quantity of the power supply of the electric automobile when the direct current charging gun works;
and the control unit is used for connecting at least one rectifying power module connected with the direct current charging gun to the rest direct current charging guns in the working state when the state quantity of the electric charge collected by the sampling unit of any direct current charging gun is larger than a first preset value.
Furthermore, each rectification power module is provided with a power supply output end for outputting the direct current power supply; each direct current charging gun is provided with a power supply input end for receiving a direct current power supply; the power supply input end of each direct current charging gun is respectively coupled with a default configuration node, the power supply input end of each direct current charging gun and the power supply output ends of at least two rectification power modules corresponding to the direct current charging gun are coupled with the same default configuration node, a first change-over switch is arranged between each power supply output end and the default configuration node, and the first change-over switch is controlled by the control unit to act.
Furthermore, each rectification power module is provided with a power supply output end for outputting the direct current power supply; each direct current charging gun is provided with a power supply input end for receiving the direct current power supply; each power supply input end is coupled to a common bus, and a second change-over switch is coupled between each power supply output end and the common bus; a third transfer switch is coupled between each power supply input end and the common bus, and each second transfer switch and each third transfer switch are controlled by a control unit.
Further, when only one direct current charging gun is in a working state, the control unit connects all the rectification power modules to the direct current charging gun.
Furthermore, the charging device also comprises a charging main machine and a charging auxiliary machine, wherein the charging main machine and the charging auxiliary machine respectively comprise a plurality of direct current charging guns.
Further, each of the dc charging guns in the charging main is configured with at least three of the rectification power modules.
Furthermore, the charging main machine and the charging auxiliary machine respectively comprise two direct current charging guns; and a metering unit is respectively arranged between the two direct current charging guns in the charging main machine and between the two direct current charging guns in the charging auxiliary machine, and is used for collecting the output electric quantity of the direct current charging guns during working.
Further, the metering unit comprises a current divider, a voltage divider and a direct current meter, and the current divider is used for collecting output current of the direct current charging gun during operation; the voltage divider is used for collecting the voltage of the output end of the direct current charging gun when the direct current charging gun works, and the direct current meter is respectively coupled with the current divider and the voltage divider to calculate and obtain the output electric quantity of the direct current charging gun when the direct current charging gun works.
Furthermore, the intelligent control device also comprises an indicating unit, wherein the indicating unit comprises a plurality of indicating lamps and a buzzer, and the indicating unit is controlled by the control unit to work.
Furthermore, the control unit further comprises a network communication interface, and the network communication interface is used for connecting a background control system.
Furthermore, each direct current charging gun is provided with a temperature sensor, and the temperature sensors collect the working temperature of the direct current charging guns and output the working temperature to the control unit.
In order to achieve the second object of the present invention, a quick charger control method is provided, which provides an intelligent power distribution quick charger as mentioned above,
and 3, when the state quantity of the electric charge collected by the sampling unit of any one direct current charging gun is larger than a first preset value, connecting at least one rectification power module connected to the direct current charging gun in the next sequence in the working state.
Further, in step 3, when any one of the dc charging guns stops operating, all the rectification power modules of the dc charging gun are connected to the dc charging gun in the next sequence in the operating state.
Further, in step 3, when the state of charge of the dc charging guns in the first sequence is greater than a first preset value, all the rectification power modules of the quick charger are connected to the dc charging guns in the first sequence.
Has the advantages that: by adopting the technical scheme, the invention makes the automatic adjustment of the power distribution among the charging guns of a multi-module combination, a direct-current quick charger or a charging pile which is charged by one machine for multiple times become possible, thereby greatly improving the working efficiency of the charging unit, the rationality of the power distribution and the self-adaptability of the charging capacity of the charger and a charged power storage battery pack such as a motor. If the state of charge of the storage battery of the electric automobile in the working state is detected, when the state of charge is higher than a preset value, redundant rectification power modules are connected into other direct-current charging guns so as to ensure power output of power storage batteries connected into different charging guns and different requirements on charging capacity, and therefore the utilization rate of the power modules is improved, power redundancy is reduced, the charging time of the charged storage battery is shortened, and the charging efficiency of the charged electric automobile is improved; the charging capacity of the high-power charger is efficiently utilized under different charging capacity requirements, the service life of equipment is prolonged, and the overall working efficiency of a charging system is improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a system architecture diagram of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a configuration diagram of a control circuit of embodiment 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a diagram of a monitoring system architecture according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a first portion of a schematic representation of a flow control diagram of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a second portion of a flowchart illustrating the present invention;
fig. 6 is a third part of the flowchart of the present invention.
Reference numerals: 22. a monitoring system; 23. a charging host; 24. a molded case circuit breaker; 25. an AC contactor; 26. an alternating current input busbar; 27. a rectification power module; 28. a DC contactor; 29. a direct current output bus; 30. a dc output contactor (main unit); 31. a metering unit (host); 32. a direct current charging gun (host); 33. a host control unit; 34. a charging auxiliary machine; 35. a direct current output contactor (auxiliary machine); 36. a metering unit (auxiliary machine); 37. a dc charging gun (auxiliary machine); 38. an auxiliary machine control unit.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other without conflict.
The invention is further described with reference to the following drawings and specific examples, which are not intended to be limiting.
Referring to fig. 1, an intelligent power distribution quick charger is a direct current quick charger composed of a plurality of rectification power modules, a control unit, a change-over switch, a direct current common bus, a communication unit and a metering unit, and is used for charging an electric vehicle; the charging system comprises a charging main machine 23 and a charging auxiliary machine 34, wherein the charging main machine 23 and the charging auxiliary machine 34 respectively comprise a plurality of direct current charging guns 32/37. The direct current charging host 23 comprises a host control unit 33, a human-machine interface (HMI), a card reader, a printer, an indicator light, a direct current charging gun 32/37A, a direct current charging gun 32/37B, a smoke sensor module, a GPRS module, a direct current meter, a rectification power module 27 and an insulation monitoring and charging device contactor, wherein the contactor is connected with the direct current charging auxiliary machine 34 through a copper bar and a cable; the dc charging auxiliary 34 includes an auxiliary control unit 38, a contactor, an indicator light, a dc charging gun 32/37C, a dc charging gun 32/37D, a smoke sensor module, and a dc meter.
Each direct current charging gun is provided with a communication unit for butting the BMS information of the corresponding power supply of the electric automobile when the direct current charging gun works, wherein the BMS information comprises voltage, current, state of charge and other information;
the main machine control unit 33 and the auxiliary machine control unit 38 respectively comprise 3 paths of RS232 serial ports, 2 paths of RS485 serial ports and 4 paths of CAN buses; the host control unit 33 is provided with a first RS232 for communication between the rapid charger and a human-computer interface, a second RS232 for communication between the rapid charger and a card reader, a third RS232 for data transmission between the rapid charger and a printer, a first RS485 for communication between the direct-current charging host 23 and a GPRS (general packet radio service), a second RS485 for communication between the direct-current charging host 23 and a direct-current electric meter, a first CAN bus for communication between the direct-current charging host 23 and the direct-current charging auxiliary machine 34, a second CAN bus for communication between the rapid charger and the rectification power module 27 and the insulation monitor, and a third CAN bus and a fourth CAN bus for communication between the direct-current charging host 23 and the vehicle BMS; the second RS485 of the auxiliary control unit 38 is responsible for communication between the dc charging auxiliary 34 and the dc meter, the first CAN bus is responsible for communication between the dc charging auxiliary 34 and the dc charging host 23, the second CAN bus is responsible for communication between the dc charging auxiliary 34 and the background monitoring system 22, the third and fourth CAN buses are responsible for communication between the dc charging auxiliary 34 and the vehicle BMS, and the rest of the RS232 and RS485 serial ports are standby interfaces. The charging device is used for charging the electric automobile; the main machine and the auxiliary machine are provided with a smoke sensor module, a status indicator lamp and a metering unit 31/36; when the smoke sensor detects that smoke exists in the current environment, the conductivity of the sensor is increased along with the increase of the smoke concentration in the air; the smoke sensor module converts the change of the conductivity into a digital signal corresponding to the smoke concentration, and transmits the digital signal to the host control unit 33 to control the quick charger to stop running. The host control unit 33 of the quick charger reasonably distributes the working number of the rectifier modules according to the real-time information of the vehicle BMS by adopting the control principle of high SOC value (state of charge) low current charging or low SOC value (state of charge) high current charging, and switches the contacts of the direct current contactor 28 to the corresponding direct current bus bars; and if other charging requests exist in the charging stage, the host control unit 33 judges whether to enter a trickle charging state according to the charging condition of the currently-charged BMS, and can automatically distribute the excess power to the next channel in the charging sequence under the condition that the continuous charging of the current channel is not influenced.
Referring to fig. 2, each dc charging gun 32/37 in the charging main 23 is configured with three rectifying power modules 27. Each dc charging gun 32/37 is configured with two rectifying power modules 27, and each rectifying power module 27 is configured to be coupled to an external power source and output a dc power source; each dc charging gun 32/37 is configured with a sampling unit for collecting the charge state quantity of the power supply of the corresponding electric vehicle when the dc charging gun 32/37 is working;
and the control unit is used for connecting at least one rectifying power module 27 connected to the direct current charging gun 32/37 to the rest direct current charging guns 32/37 in the working state when the charge state quantity of any direct current charging gun 32/37 is larger than a first preset value.
Each of the rectification power modules 27 is provided with a power supply output end for outputting a direct current power supply; each of the dc charging guns 32/37 is provided with a power supply input terminal for receiving a dc power supply; the power supply input terminal of each dc charging gun 32/37 is coupled to a default configuration node, and the power supply input terminal of each dc charging gun 32/37 and the power supply output terminals of at least two rectification power modules 27 corresponding to the dc charging gun 32/37 are coupled to the same default configuration node, and a first switch is disposed between each power supply output terminal and the default configuration node, and the first switch is controlled by the control unit.
Each of the rectification power modules 27 is provided with a power supply output end for outputting a direct current power supply; each of the dc charging guns 32/37 is provided with a power supply input terminal for receiving a dc power supply; each power supply input end is coupled with a public bus, and a second change-over switch is coupled between each power supply output end and the public bus; and a third change-over switch is coupled between each power supply input end and the common bus, and each second change-over switch and each third change-over switch are controlled by a control unit.
Preferably, the working principle of the control unit controlling the switching of the rectified power module 27 is described in detail, and with reference to fig. 2, the intelligent power distribution quick charger for the electric vehicle includes a direct-current charging main machine 23 and an auxiliary machine; the direct current charging host 23 mainly comprises a molded case circuit breaker 24, an alternating current contactor 25, an alternating current input busbar 26, a rectification power module 27, a direct current contactor 28, a direct current output busbar 29, a direct current output contactor 30/35, a metering unit 31/36, a direct current charging gun 32/37 and a host control unit 33; the dc charging auxiliary 34 includes a dc output contactor 30/35, a metering unit 31/36, a dc charging gun 32/37, and an auxiliary control unit 38. Three-phase power of a power grid is connected to an alternating current input busbar 26 through a molded case circuit breaker 24 and an alternating current contactor 25, the alternating current input busbar 26 provides an alternating current power supply for a rectification power module 27, the rectification power module 27 converges direct current to a direct current output busbar 29 through a direct current contactor 28, and different three cables in the direct current output busbar 29 are respectively connected with different direct current charging guns 32/37 through direct current output contactors 30/35; the dc charging slave 34 is connected to the dc charging master 23 through a power cable and a communication line.
The rectification power module 27 consists of 4-20 rectification power modules 27 with 15kW in parallel connection, or consists of 20KW or 30KW in parallel connection, and the positive electrode output of each rectification power module 27 is divided into two paths through a direct current contactor 28 and connected to a direct current output bus bar 29.
According to the intelligent power distribution quick charger for the electric automobile, a host control unit 33 reasonably distributes the working quantity of rectifier modules according to the real-time information of the BMS of the automobile by adopting the control principle of high SOC value (state of charge) low current charging or low SOC value (state of charge) high current charging, and the working quantity is switched to a corresponding direct current output bus bar 29 by controlling the contact of a direct current contactor 28; in the idle time period, a fast charging mode with high power and high current is adopted, if there is other charging request in the charging stage, the host control unit 33 determines whether to enter a trickle charging state according to the charging condition of the currently-charged BMS (power battery management system), and can automatically allocate the excess power to the next channel in the charging sequence without affecting the continuous charging of the current channel. When only one dc charging gun 32/37 is active, the control unit connects all of the rectified power modules 27 to that dc charging gun 32/37.
Referring to fig. 4-6 (fig. 4-6 constitute a complete flow chart, and the connection of the flow lines is connected by a reference number), a control sequence is illustrated, first, a physical connection is established, a low-voltage auxiliary power supply is powered on, the working state of a charging gun is judged, if the charging gun works, a multi-gun working step is performed, and if the charging gun works, a single-gun working step is performed.
Multi-gun working steps: and judging that the SOC of the gun A is less than 92%, and if so, carrying out a full-power working step. If not, waiting for B gun access. If no B gun is accessed, the full power working step is also carried out. If a gun B is connected, the host control unit disconnects the right contactor under one module and closes the left contactor; allocating a power module to the gun A, and allocating the rest modules to the gun B, and waiting for the gun A to stop charging; when the gun A is charged, the main control unit controls the direct current contactor, the power module distributed to the gun A is switched to a bus of the gun B, and the like, the SOC of the gun B is judged to be less than 92%, if the gun B enters a trickle mode, if no gun C is connected, the power rectification module is connected to the gun B, if the gun C is connected, one power rectification module is connected to the gun C from the gun B in a distributed mode until the gun D is charged, a sequence is finished, A, B, C, D guns correspond to the direct current charging guns of the first sequence, the second sequence, the third sequence and the fourth sequence respectively, and the sequence is configured in advance.
The single gun working step: and carrying out full-power operation. The full-power working steps are as follows: and the host control unit controls the closing of the direct current output contactor on the right side under each module, and switches all the power modules to the bus of the first gun.
Referring to fig. 2, the charging master 23 and the charging slave 34 respectively include two dc charging guns 32/37; a metering unit 31/36 is respectively arranged between two direct-current charging guns 32/37 in the charging main machine 23 and between two direct-current charging guns 32/37 in the charging auxiliary machine 34, and the metering unit 31/36 is used for collecting the output electric quantity of the direct-current charging gun 32/37 during operation. The metering unit 31/36 comprises a current divider, a voltage divider and a direct current meter, wherein the current divider is used for collecting the output current of the direct current charging gun 32/37 during operation; the voltage divider is used for collecting the voltage of the output end of the direct current charging gun 32/37 when the direct current charging gun operates, and the direct current meter is respectively coupled with the current divider and the voltage divider to calculate and obtain the output electric quantity of the direct current charging gun 32/37 when the direct current charging gun operates. The metering unit 31/36 consists of a shunt, a voltage divider and a direct current meter; the direct current electric meter adopts two paths of direct current electric meters with independent loops, namely, one electric meter can collect electric quantity information of two channels and is communicated with the control unit through RS 485.
Referring to fig. 1, the portable electronic device further comprises an indicating unit, wherein the indicating unit comprises a plurality of indicating lamps and a buzzer, and the indicating unit is controlled by the control unit to work. The status indicator lamp comprises a white lamp, a green lamp, a yellow lamp, a red lamp and a buzzer; when the quick charger is powered on, the white lamp is on; when the quick charger runs, the green light is on; when the quick charger fully charges the vehicle battery, the yellow light is on; when the quick charger is abnormal in operation, the red light is on and the buzzer gives an alarm sound.
The control unit further comprises a network communication interface, and the network communication interface is used for being connected with a background control system. The main machine and the auxiliary machine of the charger are communicated with the background monitoring system 22 through the CAN bus, so that remote control is realized. The background monitoring system 22 includes a CAN ethernet converter, a switch, a server, and a display.
Each dc charging gun 32/37 is provided with a temperature sensor that collects the operating temperature of the dc charging gun 32/37 and outputs it to the control unit. The main machine and the auxiliary machine of the quick charger respectively comprise 2 direct current charging guns 32/37 with temperature sensors, an electronic lock and an electronic lock feedback function, and the direct current charging guns 32/37, the electronic lock and the electronic lock feedback function are used for detecting the temperature and the plugging state of a direct current charging gun 32/37 seat during charging and transmitting the temperature and the plugging state to a main machine control unit 33, so that over-temperature control and state interlocking are realized.
Taking a 300kW split type quick charger as an example, the charging mode takes an intelligent power distribution charging mode as an example; the DC charging main machine 23 and the auxiliary machine respectively comprise two DC charging guns 32/37, wherein the maximum output power of each DC charging gun 32/37 is 300kW, and the minimum output power is 15 kW. When the host dc charging gun 32/37 is successfully connected to the dc charging socket of the electric vehicle, the BMS transmits the battery information to the host control unit 33 through the CAN bus; if the auxiliary dc charging gun 32/37 is successfully connected to the dc charging socket of the electric vehicle, the BMS sends the battery information to the auxiliary control unit 38 via the CAN bus, and the auxiliary control unit 38 sends the battery information to the main control unit 33 via the CAN bus. The main machine control unit 33 detects the working state of each direct current charging gun 32/37 according to the information uploaded by the BMS, if one direct current charging gun 32/37 is working, the SOC value of the battery of the current charging vehicle is judged, and when the SOC is less than 92%, 10 rectifying power modules 27 are all allocated to the current charging channel; when the SOC value is greater than 92%, the host control unit 33 controls the contacts of the dc contactor 28, only 1 rectified power module 27 is reserved for the current charging channel, and 9 rectified power modules 27 are withdrawn for the next charging channel; if any one of the dc charging guns 32/37 is in an idle state, 10 rectified power modules 27 are distributed to the dc charging gun 32/37 connected to the electric vehicle. In the charging process, the charging unit is communicated with the control unit through an RS485 serial port, and the host control unit 33 is communicated with the BMS, the auxiliary control unit 38, the rectification power module 27, the insulation monitor and the background monitoring system 22 through a CAN bus.
While the invention has been described with reference to a preferred embodiment, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and detail may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.
Claims (7)
1. A control method of a quick charger is characterized in that,
the quick charger comprises: the direct-current charging system comprises a direct-current charging main machine and a direct-current charging auxiliary machine, wherein the direct-current charging main machine comprises two direct-current charging guns, a main machine control unit, a human-computer interface, a GPRS (general packet radio service) module, a direct-current ammeter, a rectification power module, an insulation monitor, a contactor and a molded case circuit breaker, and the contactor is connected with the direct-current charging auxiliary machine through a copper bar and a cable; the direct-current charging auxiliary machine comprises two direct-current charging guns, an auxiliary machine control unit, a contactor and a direct-current electric meter; the contactor in the direct current charging main machine comprises an alternating current contactor, a direct current contactor and a direct current output contactor, and the contactor in the direct current charging auxiliary machine comprises a direct current output contactor; the system comprises a direct current charging main machine, a direct current charging auxiliary machine and a direct current charging main machine, wherein a metering unit is respectively arranged between two direct current charging guns in the direct current charging main machine and between two direct current charging guns in the direct current charging auxiliary machine, and each metering unit is used for collecting the output electric quantity of the direct current charging guns during working; each direct current charging gun is provided with a sampling unit for collecting the charge state quantity of the corresponding electric vehicle power supply when the direct current charging gun works;
three-phase electricity of a power grid is connected to an alternating current input busbar through the molded case circuit breaker and the alternating current contactor, the alternating current input busbar provides an alternating current power supply for the rectification power module, the rectification power module enables direct current to be converged to a direct current output busbar through the direct current contactor, and three different cables in the direct current output busbar are respectively connected with a direct current charging gun of the direct current charging host machine and a direct current charging gun of the direct current charging auxiliary machine through the direct current output contactor; the direct current charging auxiliary machine is connected to the direct current charging main machine through a power cable and a communication line;
the main machine control unit and the auxiliary machine control unit respectively comprise an RS232 serial port, an RS485 serial port and a CAN bus;
in the charging process, each charging unit is communicated with a corresponding control unit through an RS485 serial port, and the host control unit is communicated with a vehicle BMS, an auxiliary machine control unit, a rectification power module, an insulation monitor and a background monitoring system through a CAN bus; the direct-current charging host and the direct-current charging auxiliary machine are communicated with the background monitoring system through the CAN bus to realize remote control; the background monitoring system comprises a CAN Ethernet converter, a switch, a server and a display;
the quick charger control method comprises the following steps:
step 1: when the direct-current charging gun of the direct-current charging host is successfully connected with the direct-current charging socket of the electric automobile, the BMS transmits battery information to the host control unit through the CAN bus; if the direct-current charging gun of the direct-current charging auxiliary machine is successfully connected with the direct-current charging socket of the electric automobile, the BMS transmits battery information to the auxiliary machine control unit through the CAN bus, and the auxiliary machine control unit transmits the battery information to the host machine control unit through the CAN bus;
step 2: the host control unit reasonably distributes the working quantity of the rectifier modules according to the information uploaded by the BMS by adopting a control principle of high-SOC value low-current charging or low-SOC value high-current charging, and switches the contacts of the direct current contactor to corresponding direct current output busbars; judging the working state of the charging gun, and if the charging gun works, entering a multi-gun working step 3; if the single gun working mode is adopted, entering a single gun working step 4;
and step 3: the direct-current charging main machine comprises two direct-current charging guns A, B, and the direct-current charging auxiliary machine comprises two direct-current charging guns C, D; if the multiple guns work, entering the multiple gun working step: detecting the working state of each direct current charging gun A, B, C, D, if the gun A works, judging the SOC value of the battery of the current charging vehicle, judging whether the SOC is less than 92%, and if so, entering a full-power working state; if not, waiting for the access of the gun B, and if no gun B is accessed, similarly performing a full-power working step; if a gun B is connected, the host control unit disconnects the right contactor under one module and closes the left contactor; distributing one rectifying power module to the gun A, distributing the other rectifying power modules to the gun B, and waiting for the gun A to stop charging; when the gun A is charged, the host control unit controls the direct current contactor, the power module distributed to the gun A is switched to a bus of the gun B, and the like, the SOC of the gun B is judged to be less than 92%, if the gun B enters a trickle mode, if no gun C is connected, the power rectifying module is connected to the gun B, if the gun C is connected, one power rectifying module is connected to the gun C from the gun B in a distributed mode until the gun D is charged, a sequence is finished, A, B, C, D guns correspond to the direct current charging guns of the first sequence, the second sequence, the third sequence and the fourth sequence respectively, and the sequence is configured in advance;
and 4, step 4: carrying out full-power operation, wherein the full-power operation comprises the following steps: and the host control unit controls the direct current output contactor on the right side under each module to be closed, and switches all the power modules to the bus of the direct current charging gun.
2. The quick charger control method according to claim 1, characterized in that,
step 3 also includes: and when any one direct current charging gun stops working, all the rectification power modules of the direct current charging gun are connected to the direct current charging gun in the next sequence in the working state.
3. An intelligent power distribution quick charger adopting the quick charger control method according to claim 1, wherein each dc charging gun is configured with at least two rectifying power modules, and each rectifying power module is configured to be coupled to an external power source and output a dc power source;
the control unit is used for connecting at least one rectifying power module connected with any one direct current charging gun to the rest direct current charging guns in the working state when the charge state quantity acquired by the sampling unit of the direct current charging gun is larger than a first preset value; each rectification power module is provided with a power supply output end for outputting the direct current power supply; each direct current charging gun is provided with a power supply input end for receiving a direct current power supply; the power supply input end of each direct current charging gun is respectively coupled with a default configuration node, the power supply input end of each direct current charging gun and the power supply output ends of at least two rectification power modules corresponding to the direct current charging gun are coupled with the same default configuration node, a first change-over switch is arranged between each power supply output end and the default configuration node, and the first change-over switch is controlled by the control unit to act.
4. The intelligent power distribution quick charger according to claim 3,
each rectification power module is provided with a power supply output end for outputting a direct current power supply; each direct current charging gun is provided with a power supply input end for receiving a direct current power supply; each power supply input end is coupled to a common bus, and a second change-over switch is coupled between each power supply output end and the common bus; and a third change-over switch is coupled between each power supply input end and the common bus, and each second change-over switch and each third change-over switch are controlled by a control unit.
5. The intelligent power distribution quick charger according to claim 3, wherein each direct current charging gun in the direct current charging host is configured with at least three rectified power modules.
6. The intelligent power distribution quick charger according to claim 3, characterized in that the master control unit and the auxiliary control unit each include 3 paths of RS232 serial ports, 2 paths of RS485 serial ports and 4 paths of CAN buses; the direct current charging host computer still includes: a card reader, a printer and a smoke sensor module; the direct current charging auxiliary machine further comprises a smoke sensor module, wherein,
the first RS232 of the host control unit is responsible for communication between the quick charger and a human-computer interface, the second RS232 is responsible for communication between the quick charger and a card reader, the third RS232 is responsible for data transmission between the quick charger and a printer, the first RS485 is responsible for communication between the direct-current charging host and a GPRS (general packet radio service), the second RS485 is responsible for communication between the direct-current charging host and a direct-current electric meter, the first CAN bus is responsible for communication between the direct-current charging host and a direct-current charging auxiliary machine, the second CAN bus is responsible for communication between the quick charger and a rectification power module and an insulation monitor, and the third CAN bus and the fourth CAN bus are responsible for communication between the direct-current charging host and a vehicle BMS;
the second RS485 of the auxiliary control unit is responsible for communication between the direct-current charging auxiliary machine and the direct-current electric meter, the first CAN bus is responsible for communication between the direct-current charging auxiliary machine and the direct-current charging host, the second CAN bus is responsible for communication between the direct-current charging auxiliary machine and the background monitoring system, and the third CAN bus and the fourth CAN bus are responsible for communication between the direct-current charging auxiliary machine and the vehicle BMS.
7. The intelligent power distribution quick charger according to claim 3, further comprising an indication unit, wherein the indication unit comprises a plurality of indication lamps and a buzzer, the indication unit is controlled by the control unit to operate, and the indication lamps comprise four colors of white, green, yellow and red lamps and a buzzer; when the quick charger is powered on, the white lamp is on; when the quick charger runs, the green light is on; when the quick charger fully charges the vehicle battery, the yellow light is on; when the quick charger is abnormal in operation, the red light is on and the buzzer gives an alarm sound.
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