CN113022071A - Transparent bulletproof experiment device - Google Patents
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- CN113022071A CN113022071A CN202110342065.4A CN202110342065A CN113022071A CN 113022071 A CN113022071 A CN 113022071A CN 202110342065 A CN202110342065 A CN 202110342065A CN 113022071 A CN113022071 A CN 113022071A
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- C08J2471/00—Characterised by the use of polyethers obtained by reactions forming an ether link in the main chain; Derivatives of such polymers
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Abstract
The invention discloses a transparent bulletproof experimental device, which comprises n layers of transparent polycarbonate self-assembly plastic plates and n-1 layers of transparent shear thickening liquid (STF) layers, wherein n is a positive integer more than or equal to 2; an STF layer is clamped between two adjacent layers of polycarbonate self-assembly plastic plates; the preparation process of the polycarbonate self-assembly plastic plate comprises the following steps: dissolving polycarbonate in dichloromethane, adding hydrophilic polyvinyl chloride, polyethylene glycol 600 and defoaming agent under stirring, adding into a forming mold, standing for 20-40h, taking out, adding into a water bath for phase inversion, and hot-press forming at 80-100 deg.C for 1-4h under 0.1-1 Mpa; the STF preparation process comprises the following steps: preparing a mixed solution of a non-volatile liquid medium PEG and a volatile diluting solvent such as ethanol, ethyl acetate and the like, dispersing the nanoparticles into the mixed solution under the action of stirring and ultrasound to form an emulsion, and then removing the diluting solvent under the vacuum condition.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of bulletproof devices, in particular to a transparent bulletproof experimental device.
Background
The bulletproof glass is a composite material obtained by specially processing glass (or organic glass) and high-quality engineering plastics, is usually a transparent material, is mostly made by bonding a plurality of pieces of glass or high-strength organic plates together by a transparent bonding material at present, and generally has the following three-layer structure:
a bearing layer: the layer is first subjected to impact and breaks, generally glass with large thickness and high strength is adopted, and the bullet can be damaged or the shape of the bullet can be changed, so that the bullet loses the capability of continuing advancing.
A transition layer: generally, organic gluing materials are adopted, so that the bullet has strong bonding force and good light resistance, can absorb part of impact energy, and changes the advancing direction of the bullet. A very strong and transparent chemical film is sandwiched in the laminated glass. The bullet firing prevention gun not only can effectively prevent bullet firing, but also has the performances of surge impact resistance, explosion resistance, shock resistance, no crack after impact and the like.
Safety protection layer: the layer is made of high-strength glass or high-strength transparent organic materials, has good elasticity and toughness, can absorb most of impact energy, and ensures that bullets cannot penetrate through the layer.
The most important performance index of the bulletproof glass is bulletproof capability. The ballistic resistance is measured in terms of safety protection on the one hand and the killing power of the protected firearm on the other hand. The influencing factors include:
1. the total thickness of the bulletproof glass is in direct proportion to the bulletproof effect;
2. the thickness of the film in the bulletproof glass structure is related to the bulletproof effect, for example, the bulletproof effect of the bulletproof glass using the 1.52mm film is better than that of the bulletproof glass using the 0.76mm film;
3. the glass is related to the bulletproof effect, the toughened glass is not allowed to be adopted, the observation can be influenced after the toughened glass is broken, and obtuse-angle small particles can be formed after the toughened glass is broken, so that the toughened glass is easy to fall off, and the protection safety is not facilitated.
Polycarbonate plates, abbreviated as PC plates, are produced from polycarbonate polymers by advanced formulation and latest extrusion process technology. As a novel high-strength and light-transmitting building material, the polycarbonate plate is the best building material for replacing glass and organic glass, has better excellent performances of light weight, weather resistance, super strength, flame retardance, sound insulation and the like than laminated glass, toughened glass, hollow glass and the like, and becomes a popular building material. The PC board is adopted to replace organic glass, and the bulletproof glass has great prospect.
However, the prior bulletproof glass has the following problems: the thickness is big, and the quality is heavy, and protective properties is limited, and bulletproof grade is higher, and glass's thickness and quality all increase correspondingly. In order to deal with different protection grades, the thickness of the bulletproof glass is different from 22-75 mm; meanwhile, after high-strength impact, the surface of the PC board is easy to crack, so that the replacement cost is high, and the PC board is not easy to treat after being discarded, thereby causing great waste.
Disclosure of Invention
Based on the technical problems in the background art, the invention provides a transparent bulletproof experimental device.
The invention provides a transparent bulletproof experimental device which comprises n layers of polycarbonate self-assembly plastic plates and n-1 layers of transparent shear thickening liquid layers, wherein n is a positive integer greater than or equal to 2;
a transparent shear thickening liquid layer is sandwiched between two adjacent polycarbonate self-assembly plastic plates, and the transparent shear thickening liquid layer is made of STF liquid;
the polycarbonate self-assembly plastic plate is prepared by adopting the following process: dissolving polycarbonate in dichloromethane, adding hydrophilic polyvinyl chloride, polyethylene glycol 600 and a defoaming agent under stirring, adding into a forming mold, standing for 20-40h, taking out, adding into a water bath for phase inversion, and carrying out hot press forming at 80-100 ℃ for 1-4h under the forming pressure of 0.1-1Mpa to obtain the polycarbonate self-assembled plastic plate.
The STF liquid was prepared as follows: uniformly mixing ethylene glycol and ethanol, adding nano silicon dioxide particles under the stirring state, then carrying out ultrasonic treatment for 1-2h, wherein the ultrasonic power is 400-600W, removing the volatile solvent in vacuum until no bubbles are generated, and recovering to normal pressure to obtain the STF liquid.
Specifically, the mass ratio of the ethylene glycol to the ethanol to the nano-silica particles is 6-10: 10-20: 15-30.
STF liquids, also known as shear thickening liquids, are non-newtonian fluids that are often in the form of concentrated colloidal suspensions, where the viscosity of the liquid increases dramatically under rapidly increasing shear stress, even from a liquid to a solid, and the process is reversible. This phenomenon is mainly due to the formation of rigid structural clusters of particles under liquid pressure.
The STF liquid has wide application prospect in a plurality of technical fields such as damping vibration attenuation, a hydraulic coupling device of a gearbox, a vehicle suspension system, individual protection and the like. Protective garments made with it are commonly referred to as "liquid armor". The shear thickening fluid penetrates into the fabric and is normally in a liquid form, but once the fabric is impacted and compacted, the shear thickening fluid becomes a hard solid, making the fabric stronger and difficult to penetrate. The novel bullet-proof vest made of the shear thickening liquid is soft and comfortable at ordinary times, becomes tough and incomparable at the moment of impact once being cut and pierced by sharp objects such as a knife or impacted by a high-speed bullet and a shrapnel, can quickly disperse impact force along a fabric, and greatly reduces the pressure intensity in unit area. When the impact force is removed, the shear thickening fluid returns to a fluid state and the fabric softens again.
The invention uses the completely transparent shear thickening liquid to make the transparent bulletproof glass, the invention uses the nanometer particle as the solid phase component of the STF liquid, the non-volatile liquid medium and the volatile diluting solvent are adopted to prepare the mixed solution, under the stirring and ultrasonic action, the nanometer particle is dispersed into the mixed solution to form the emulsion, then the diluting solvent is removed under the vacuum condition, the uniform, transparent and stable STF liquid is obtained, the preparation process is simple and convenient, the large-scale preparation of the STF liquid can be realized, and the invention provides the technical basis for the commercial application of the STF liquid.
Preferably, in the preparation process of the polycarbonate self-assembly plastic plate, the mass ratio of the polycarbonate, the hydrophilic polyvinyl chloride, the polyethylene glycol 600 and the defoaming agent is 100: 4-10: 1-4: 0.1-1.
Preferably, the solvent is recovered during the hot press molding process of the polycarbonate self-assembled plastic plate preparation process.
Preferably, the hydrophilically treated polyvinyl chloride is prepared by the following steps: adopting diacetone glucose to protect acrylonitrile to obtain a prefabricated monomer; adding polyvinyl chloride into N-methyl pyrrolidone, stirring at 80-90 ℃ for 10-20min, cooling to room temperature, adding a preformed monomer, cuprous chloride and N, N-dimethylformamide, sealing and reacting at 80-100 ℃ for 10-20h under the protection of argon, and purifying for one time to obtain a polymerization product; adding 80-90% formic acid aqueous solution into the polymerization product, stirring at room temperature, adding water, continuing stirring, and performing secondary purification to obtain the hydrophilic polyvinyl chloride.
Preferably, in the primary purification process of the hydrophilic treatment polyvinyl chloride preparation step, an alumina chromatographic column is used for removing copper salt, and the volume ratio of methanol to petroleum ether is 1: 1 and vacuum drying at 40-50 ℃ to obtain a polymerization product.
Preferably, in the secondary purification process of the hydrophilic polyvinyl chloride preparation step, water and methanol are removed by reduced pressure distillation in a reaction system consisting of diethyl ether and water in a volume ratio of 1: 1, and drying in vacuum at room temperature to obtain the hydrophilic treatment polyvinyl chloride.
Preferably, in the secondary purification process of the hydrophilic treatment polyvinyl chloride preparation step, the mass ratio of the N-methyl pyrrolidone, the polyvinyl chloride, the preformed monomer, the cuprous chloride and the N, N-dimethylformamide is 30-60: 5-10: 15-25: 0.1-0.2: 1-2.
Preferably, the hydrophilic polyvinyl chloride has a number average molecular weight of 520000 and a molecular weight distribution of 1 to 1.2.
Preferably, the specific steps for protecting acrylonitrile with diacetone glucose to obtain the preformed monomer are as follows: adding diacetone glucose into anhydrous pyridine, stirring uniformly, adjusting the temperature to 40-50 ℃, dropwise adding acrylonitrile, heating to 80-90 ℃ after completely adding the diacetone glucose, stirring for 2-4h, adding water, continuously stirring for 10-30min, cooling to room temperature, standing for 1-2 days, extracting, washing, removing impurities, and drying to obtain the preformed monomer.
Preferably, the mass ratio of diacetone glucose to acrylonitrile is 2-6: 10-20.
Preferably, petroleum ether is used for the extraction.
Preferably, the impurity removal process is as follows: after dehydration by anhydrous sodium sulfate, petroleum ether is removed by reduced pressure distillation.
In the hydrophilic treatment of polyvinyl chloride, polyvinyl chloride is used as a macroinitiator, atom transfer radical polymerization is carried out to initiate a preformed monomer protected by diacetone glucose to carry out polymerization reaction, and hydrolysis is carried out by formic acid to remove a group protected by double isopropylidene on glycosyl so as to completely expose hydroxyl on glucose molecules, thus obtaining a polymer which takes polyvinyl chloride as a hydrophobic main chain and a sugar-containing polymer as a hydrophilic side chain, namely the hydrophilic treatment of polyvinyl chloride.
According to the invention, the hydrophilic treatment polyvinyl chloride is added into the polycarbonate, and then the polyethylene glycol 600 is added, so that the phase separation in the hydrophilic treatment polyvinyl chloride phase inversion process can be promoted, the surface migration and enrichment occur in the water bath, but the migration is easy to occur in the water bath, and the polyethylene glycol 600 with large molecular weight and the hydrophilic treatment polyvinyl chloride are blended to generate chain entanglement, so that the hydrolysis product can be effectively promoted to continuously remain in the system and be distributed on the surface of the polycarbonate self-assembly plastic plate.
When the transparent bulletproof experimental device is impacted by high strength, the STF liquid becomes tough and incomparable at the moment of impact, and the impact force is rapidly dispersed, so that the polycarbonate self-assembled plastic plate generates a crack structure; in the repairing process, the transparent bulletproof experimental device can be subjected to simple heat treatment, polyvinyl chloride subjected to hydrophilic treatment migrates, and due to the fact that a large number of hydroxyl groups are exposed on the surface, STF liquid can promote the transparent bulletproof experimental device to be further subjected to self-assembly and arranged on the surface of a polycarbonate self-assembly plastic plate, and the restoring effect is extremely excellent; for the surface cracks of the transparent bulletproof device, the transparent bulletproof device is only needed to be immersed in water, and the polyvinyl chloride subjected to hydrophilic treatment continuously migrates to the surface and the periphery of the plastic plate and is enriched on the surface, so that the cracks on the surface of the bulletproof device are automatically repaired.
The invention can greatly reduce the thickness of the prior bulletproof glass, the thickness of the lowest protection level bulletproof glass can be reduced from 22mm to 10mm, the mass is greatly reduced, and the thickness of the prior lowest protection level bulletproof glass is 52kg/m2Reduced to 5kg/m2(ii) a And the bulletproof glass can maintain extremely high impact strength, has excellent bulletproof performance and simultaneously has excellent crack repairing effect, can quickly self-repair even if cracks and other problems occur in the bulletproof glass due to impact, and can maintain excellent optical transparency and mechanical strength.
The bulletproof glass can be used in military places, police places, banks, financial institutions and the like which need a large amount of safety protection, and has a very good application prospect for windshields of bulletproof automobiles which need light bulletproof materials.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to specific examples.
The thickness of the polycarbonate self-assembly plastic plate obtained by the following steps is 0.5-1.5 cm; the transparent bulletproof experimental device obtained in the examples 1-5 has the total thickness of 10-16cm and the mass per square meter of 5-10 kg.
Example 1
A transparent bulletproof experimental device comprises 2 layers of polycarbonate self-assembly plastic plates and 1 layer of transparent shear thickening liquid layer; a transparent shear thickening liquid layer is sandwiched between the two layers of polycarbonate self-assembly plastic plates, and the transparent shear thickening liquid layer is made of STF liquid;
the polycarbonate self-assembly plastic plate is prepared by adopting the following process: dissolving 100kg of polycarbonate in 200kg of dichloromethane, adding 10kg of hydrophilic polyvinyl chloride, 1kg of polyethylene glycol 600 and 1kg of polydimethylsiloxane under stirring, stirring at 100r/min, adding into a forming mold, standing for 40h, taking out, adding into a water bath for phase inversion, carrying out hot press forming at 80 ℃ for 1h under the forming pressure of 1MPa, and recovering the solvent in the forming process to obtain the polycarbonate self-assembled plastic plate.
The hydrophilic treatment polyvinyl chloride is prepared by the following steps: adding 6kg of diacetone glucose into 30kg of anhydrous pyridine, uniformly stirring, adjusting the temperature to 50 ℃, dropwise adding 10kg of acrylonitrile, heating to 90 ℃ after completely adding the acrylonitrile, stirring for 2 hours, adding 40kg of water, continuously stirring for 10 minutes, cooling to room temperature, standing for 2 days, extracting the product by using petroleum ether, sequentially adopting alkali washing and water washing, removing water by using anhydrous sodium sulfate, then carrying out reduced pressure distillation to remove the petroleum ether, and drying to obtain a preformed monomer;
adding 5kg of polyvinyl chloride into 60kg of N-methyl pyrrolidone, stirring for 20min at 80 ℃, cooling to room temperature, adding 15kg of preformed monomer, 0.2kg of cuprous chloride and 1kg of N, N-dimethylformamide, sealing and reacting for 10h at 100 ℃ under the protection of argon, and purifying once to obtain a polymerization product; adding 200kg of aqueous solution of 80% formic acid by mass into the polymerization product, stirring for 40h at room temperature, adding 50kg of water, continuing stirring for 20h, and performing secondary purification to obtain the hydrophilic treatment polyvinyl chloride with the number average molecular weight of 520000 and the molecular weight distribution of 1.
Example 2
A transparent bulletproof experimental device comprises 7 layers of polycarbonate self-assembled plastic plates and 6 layers of transparent shear thickening liquid layers; a transparent shear thickening liquid layer is sandwiched between two adjacent polycarbonate self-assembly plastic plates, and the transparent shear thickening liquid layer is made of STF liquid;
the polycarbonate self-assembly plastic plate is prepared by adopting the following process: dissolving 100kg of polycarbonate in 300kg of dichloromethane, adding 4kg of hydrophilic polyvinyl chloride, 4kg of polyethylene glycol 600 and 0.1kg of polydimethylsiloxane under stirring, stirring at the speed of 500r/min, adding the mixture into a forming mold, standing for 20h, taking out, adding the mixture into a water bath for phase conversion, carrying out hot press forming at the temperature of 100 ℃ for 4h under the forming pressure of 0.1MPa, and recovering the solvent in the forming process to obtain the polycarbonate self-assembled plastic plate.
The hydrophilic treatment polyvinyl chloride is prepared by the following steps: adding 2kg of diacetone glucose into 50kg of anhydrous pyridine, uniformly stirring, adjusting the temperature to 40 ℃, dropwise adding 20kg of acrylonitrile, heating to 80 ℃ after completely adding the acrylonitrile, stirring for 4 hours, adding 20kg of water, continuously stirring for 30 minutes, cooling to room temperature, standing for 1 day, extracting the product by using petroleum ether, sequentially adopting alkali washing and water washing, removing water by using anhydrous sodium sulfate, then carrying out reduced pressure distillation to remove the petroleum ether, and drying to obtain a preformed monomer;
adding 10kg of polyvinyl chloride into 30kg of N-methyl pyrrolidone, stirring for 10min at 90 ℃, cooling to room temperature, adding 25kg of preformed monomer, 0.1kg of cuprous chloride and 2kg of N, N-dimethylformamide, sealing and reacting for 20h at 80 ℃ under the protection of argon, and purifying once to obtain a polymerization product; adding 100kg of 90% formic acid aqueous solution into the polymerization product, stirring for 20h at room temperature, adding 100kg of water, continuing stirring for 10h, and performing secondary purification to obtain the hydrophilic treatment polyvinyl chloride with the number average molecular weight of 520000 and the molecular weight distribution of 1.2.
Example 3
A transparent bulletproof experimental device comprises 6 layers of polycarbonate self-assembled plastic plates and 5 layers of transparent shear thickening liquid layers; a transparent shear thickening liquid layer is sandwiched between two adjacent polycarbonate self-assembly plastic plates, and the transparent shear thickening liquid layer is made of STF liquid;
the polycarbonate self-assembly plastic plate is prepared by adopting the following process: dissolving 100kg of polycarbonate in 220kg of dichloromethane, adding 8kg of hydrophilic polyvinyl chloride, 2kg of polyethylene glycol 600 and 0.8kg of polydimethylsiloxane under stirring, stirring at the speed of 200r/min, adding the mixture into a forming mold, standing for 35 hours, taking out, adding the mixture into a water bath for phase conversion, carrying out hot press forming at the temperature of 85 ℃ for 2 hours under the forming pressure of 0.7MPa, and recovering the solvent in the forming process to obtain the polycarbonate self-assembled plastic plate.
The hydrophilic treatment polyvinyl chloride is prepared by the following steps: adding 5kg of diacetone glucose into 35kg of anhydrous pyridine, uniformly stirring, adjusting the temperature to 47 ℃, dropwise adding 12kg of acrylonitrile, heating to 88 ℃ after complete addition, stirring for 2.5h, adding 35kg of water, continuously stirring for 15min, cooling to room temperature, standing for 1.5 days, extracting a product by using petroleum ether, sequentially adopting alkali washing and water washing, removing water by using anhydrous sodium sulfate, carrying out reduced pressure distillation to remove the petroleum ether, and drying to obtain a preformed monomer;
adding 8kg of polyvinyl chloride into 40kg of N-methyl pyrrolidone, stirring for 12min at 88 ℃, cooling to room temperature, adding 22kg of preformed monomer, 0.13kg of cuprous chloride and 1.7kg of N, N-dimethylformamide, sealing and reacting for 18h at 82 ℃ under the protection of argon, and purifying once to obtain a polymerization product; adding 130kg of 88 mass percent formic acid aqueous solution into the polymerization product, stirring for 25h at room temperature, adding 80kg of water, continuing stirring for 13h, and performing secondary purification to obtain the hydrophilic treatment polyvinyl chloride with the number average molecular weight of 520000 and the molecular weight distribution of 1.1.
Example 4
A transparent bulletproof experimental device comprises 4 layers of polycarbonate self-assembly plastic plates and 3 layers of transparent shear thickening liquid layers; a transparent shear thickening liquid layer is sandwiched between two adjacent polycarbonate self-assembly plastic plates, and the transparent shear thickening liquid layer is made of STF liquid;
the polycarbonate self-assembly plastic plate is prepared by adopting the following process: dissolving 100kg of polycarbonate in 280kg of dichloromethane, adding 6kg of hydrophilic polyvinyl chloride, 3kg of polyethylene glycol 600 and 0.2kg of polydimethylsiloxane under stirring, stirring at the speed of 400r/min, adding the mixture into a forming mold, standing for 25h, taking out, adding the mixture into a water bath for phase inversion, carrying out hot press forming at the temperature of 95 ℃ for 3h under the forming pressure of 0.3Mpa, and recovering the solvent in the forming process to obtain the polycarbonate self-assembled plastic plate.
The hydrophilic treatment polyvinyl chloride is prepared by the following steps: adding 3kg of diacetone glucose into 45kg of anhydrous pyridine, uniformly stirring, adjusting the temperature to 43 ℃, dropwise adding 18kg of acrylonitrile, completely adding the diacetone glucose, heating to 82 ℃, stirring for 3.5h, adding 25kg of water, continuously stirring for 25min, cooling to room temperature, standing for 1.5 days, extracting the product by using petroleum ether, sequentially adopting alkali washing and water washing, removing water by using anhydrous sodium sulfate, then carrying out reduced pressure distillation to remove the petroleum ether, and drying to obtain a preformed monomer;
adding 6kg of polyvinyl chloride into 50kg of N-methyl pyrrolidone, stirring for 18min at 82 ℃, cooling to room temperature, adding 18kg of preformed monomer, 0.17kg of cuprous chloride and 1.3kg of N, N-dimethylformamide, sealing and reacting for 12h at 88 ℃ under the protection of argon, and purifying once to obtain a polymerization product; adding 170kg of aqueous solution of formic acid with the mass fraction of 82% into the polymerization product, stirring for 35h at room temperature, adding 60kg of water, continuing stirring for 17h, and performing secondary purification to obtain the hydrophilic treatment polyvinyl chloride with the number average molecular weight of 520000 and the molecular weight distribution of 1.1.
Example 5
A transparent bulletproof experimental device comprises 5 layers of polycarbonate self-assembly plastic boards and 4 layers of transparent shear thickening liquid layers; a transparent shear thickening liquid layer is sandwiched between two adjacent polycarbonate self-assembled plastic plates, and the transparent shear thickening liquid layer is made of STF liquid.
The total thickness of the transparent bulletproof experimental device is 10mm, and the weight is 5kg/m2。
The polycarbonate self-assembly plastic plate is prepared by adopting the following process: dissolving 100kg of polycarbonate in 260kg of dichloromethane, adding 7kg of hydrophilic polyvinyl chloride, 2.5kg of polyethylene glycol 600 and 0.5kg of polydimethylsiloxane under stirring, stirring at the speed of 300r/min, adding the mixture into a forming mold, standing for 30h, taking out, adding the mixture into a water bath for phase inversion, carrying out hot press forming at the temperature of 90 ℃ for 2.5h under the forming pressure of 0.5MPa, and recovering the solvent in the forming process to obtain the polycarbonate self-assembled plastic plate.
The hydrophilic treatment polyvinyl chloride is prepared by the following steps: adding 4kg of diacetone glucose into 40kg of anhydrous pyridine, uniformly stirring, adjusting the temperature to 45 ℃, dropwise adding 15kg of acrylonitrile, heating to 85 ℃ after completely adding, stirring for 3 hours, adding 30kg of water, continuously stirring for 20 minutes, cooling to room temperature, standing for 1.5 days, extracting a product by using petroleum ether, sequentially adopting alkali washing and water washing, removing water by using anhydrous sodium sulfate, then carrying out reduced pressure distillation to remove the petroleum ether, and drying to obtain a preformed monomer;
adding 7kg of polyvinyl chloride into 45kg of N-methyl pyrrolidone, stirring for 15min at 85 ℃, cooling to room temperature, adding 20kg of preformed monomer, 0.15kg of cuprous chloride and 1.5kg of N, N-dimethylformamide, sealing and reacting for 15h at 85 ℃ under the protection of argon, and purifying once to obtain a polymerization product; adding 150kg of aqueous solution of formic acid with the mass fraction of 85% into the polymerization product, stirring for 30h at room temperature, adding 70kg of water, continuing stirring for 15h, and performing secondary purification to obtain the hydrophilic treatment polyvinyl chloride with the number average molecular weight of 520000 and the molecular weight distribution of 1.1.
Comparative example 1
A transparent bulletproof experimental device comprises 5 layers of polycarbonate self-assembly plastic boards and 4 layers of transparent shear thickening liquid layers; a transparent shear thickening liquid layer is sandwiched between two adjacent polycarbonate self-assembly plastic plates, and the transparent shear thickening liquid layer is made of STF liquid;
the polycarbonate self-assembly plastic plate is prepared by adopting the following process: dissolving 100kg of polycarbonate in 260kg of dichloromethane, adding 7kg of pretreated polyvinyl chloride, 2.5kg of polyethylene glycol 600 and 0.5kg of polydimethylsiloxane under stirring at the stirring speed of 300r/min, adding the mixture into a forming mold, standing for 30h, taking out, adding the mixture into a water bath for phase inversion, carrying out hot press forming at 90 ℃ for 2.5h under the forming pressure of 0.5MPa, and recovering the solvent in the forming process to obtain the polycarbonate self-assembled plastic plate.
The pretreated polyvinyl chloride is prepared by the following steps: adding 7kg of polyvinyl chloride into 45kg of N-methyl pyrrolidone, stirring for 15min at 85 ℃, cooling to room temperature, adding 20kg of acrylonitrile, 0.15kg of cuprous chloride and 1.5kg of N, N-dimethylformamide, sealing and reacting for 15h at 85 ℃ under the protection of argon, and purifying once to obtain a polymerization product; adding 150kg of formic acid aqueous solution with the mass fraction of 85% into the polymerization product, stirring for 30h at room temperature, adding 70kg of water, continuing stirring for 15h, and performing secondary purification to obtain pretreated polyvinyl chloride with the number average molecular weight of 520000 and the molecular weight distribution of 1.1.
Comparative example 2
A transparent bulletproof experimental device comprises 5 layers of polycarbonate self-assembly plastic boards and 4 layers of transparent shear thickening liquid layers; a transparent shear thickening liquid layer is sandwiched between two adjacent polycarbonate self-assembly plastic plates, and the transparent shear thickening liquid layer is made of STF liquid;
the polycarbonate self-assembly plastic plate is prepared by adopting the following process: dissolving 100kg of polycarbonate in 260kg of dichloromethane, adding 7kg of polyvinyl chloride, 2.5kg of polyethylene glycol 600 and 0.5kg of polydimethylsiloxane under stirring, stirring at the speed of 300r/min, adding the mixture into a forming mold, standing for 30h, taking out, adding the mixture into a water bath for phase conversion, carrying out hot press forming at the temperature of 90 ℃ for 2.5h under the forming pressure of 0.5Mpa, and recovering the solvent in the forming process to obtain the polycarbonate self-assembled plastic plate.
Comparative example 3
A transparent bulletproof experimental device comprises 5 layers of polycarbonate plates and 4 layers of transparent shear thickening liquid layers; a transparent shear thickening fluid layer is sandwiched between two adjacent polycarbonate sheets, and the transparent shear thickening fluid layer is made of STF fluid.
The polycarbonate self-assembled plastic plate obtained in example 5 and comparative examples 1 and 2 and the polycarbonate plate used in comparative example 3 were subjected to the performance test, and the results were as follows:
adopting a pendulum cantilever beam impact tester and adopting a cantilever beam gap mode to realize 50KJ/m2The impact strength impacts the polycarbonate self-assembly plastic plate or the polycarbonate plate to cause the polycarbonate self-assembly plastic plate or the polycarbonate plate to generate cracks; the polycarbonate self-assembled plastic plate and the polycarbonate plate were then immersed in water and then removed for testing mechanical properties, with the following results:
immersing in water for 1 day
| Example 5 | Comparative example 1 | Comparative example 2 | Comparative example 3 | |
| Notched Izod impact Strength, KJ/m2 | 4.13 | 2.75 | 2.16 | 4.15 |
| Tensile strength, Mpa | 3.62 | 2.26 | 1.84 | 3.56 |
| Elongation at break,% | 8.53 | 4.35 | 3.59 | 6.41 |
| Flexural strength, Mpa | 3.41 | 1.93 | 1.51 | 2.18 |
Immersing in water for 5 days
| Practice ofExample 5 | Comparative example 1 | Comparative example 2 | Comparative example 3 | |
| Notched Izod impact Strength, KJ/m2 | 7.95 | 2.73 | 2.20 | 4.17 |
| Tensile strength, Mpa | 6.14 | 2.30 | 1.83 | 3.43 |
| Elongation at break,% | 12.57 | 4.33 | 3.61 | 6.36 |
| Flexural strength, Mpa | 6.05 | 1.95 | 1.47 | 2.10 |
Immersing in water for 10 days
From the above table, it can be seen that: the polycarbonate self-assembly plastic plate obtained by the invention has better optical transparency and excellent impact resistance, although the initial mechanical property of the polycarbonate self-assembly plastic plate is slightly inferior to that of the traditional polycarbonate plate, the polycarbonate self-assembly plastic plate obtained by the comparative example 1-2 and the polycarbonate plate used by the comparative example 3 have no change in mechanical property after being soaked in water after being impacted; the polycarbonate self-assembled plastic plate obtained in example 5 is self-repaired with the increase of the soaking time, so that the mechanical properties of the plastic plate are gradually recovered, and the polycarbonate self-assembled plastic plate obtained in the invention is proved to have excellent automatic repairing performance.
Comparative example 4
The total thickness of the bulletproof glass is about 22mm, and the bulletproof glass sequentially comprises 10mm white glass, 0.76mm transparent PVB, 5mm white glass, 0.76mm transparent PVB and 5mm white glass; the weight of the powder is 15kg/m2。
A 64-type 7.62mm pistol was used to fire at a distance of 10m from the bullet-proof glass used in the transparent bullet-proof experimental setup obtained in example 5, comparative example 4, using a 64-type 7.62mm pistol (lead).
And (3) confirming that: the transparent bulletproof experimental device obtained by the invention and the bulletproof glass obtained by the comparative example 4 can both prevent 64 handguns, but the total thickness of the transparent bulletproof experimental device is 10mm, and the weight of the transparent bulletproof experimental device is 5kg/m2And the portability is superior to the prior bulletproof glass.
Comparative example 5
The total thickness of the bulletproof glass is about 24mm, the bulletproof glass sequentially comprises 5mm white glass, 0.76mm transparent PVB, 12mm white glass, 0.76mm transparent PVB, 5mm white glass and a bulletproof film, and the weight of the bulletproof glass is 57kg/m2。
The transparent bulletproof experimental device obtained in example 5 was attached with a bulletproof film on the inner side.
A 7.62mm 79-type submachine gun was used to shoot at a distance of 10m from the transparent bulletproof experimental apparatus attached with a bulletproof film and the bulletproof glass used in comparative example 5, using a 7.62mm 79-type common bullet (steel core).
And (3) confirming that: the transparent bulletproof experimental device obtained by the invention and the bulletproof glass obtained by the comparative example 5 can both prevent 79 miniature submachine guns, but the total thickness of the bulletproof experimental device is 10mm, and the bulletproof glass is heavyThe amount is 5kg/m2And the portability is superior to the prior bulletproof glass.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art should be considered to be within the technical scope of the present invention, and the technical solutions and the inventive concepts thereof according to the present invention should be equivalent or changed within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. A transparent bulletproof experimental device is characterized by comprising n layers of polycarbonate self-assembly plastic plates and n-1 layers of transparent shear thickening liquid layers, wherein n is a positive integer greater than or equal to 2;
a transparent shear thickening liquid layer is sandwiched between two adjacent polycarbonate self-assembly plastic plates, and the transparent shear thickening liquid layer is made of STF liquid;
the polycarbonate self-assembly plastic plate is prepared by adopting the following process: dissolving polycarbonate in dichloromethane, adding hydrophilic polyvinyl chloride, polyethylene glycol 600 and a defoaming agent under stirring, adding into a forming mold, standing for 20-40h, taking out, adding into a water bath for phase inversion, and carrying out hot press forming at 80-100 ℃ for 1-4h under the forming pressure of 0.1-1Mpa to obtain the polycarbonate self-assembled plastic plate.
2. The transparent bulletproof experimental device of claim 1, wherein in the preparation process of the polycarbonate self-assembly plastic plate, the mass ratio of the polycarbonate, the hydrophilic treatment polyvinyl chloride, the polyethylene glycol 600 and the defoaming agent is 100: 4-10: 1-4: 0.1-1.
3. The transparent ballistic experimental facility of claim 1 wherein the solvent is recovered from the thermoforming process of the polycarbonate self-assembled plastic sheet manufacturing process.
4. The transparent ballistic experimental installation according to claim 1, characterized in that the hydrophilically treated polyvinyl chloride is prepared by the following steps: adopting diacetone glucose to protect acrylonitrile to obtain a prefabricated monomer; adding polyvinyl chloride into N-methyl pyrrolidone, stirring at 80-90 ℃ for 10-20min, cooling to room temperature, adding a preformed monomer, cuprous chloride and N, N-dimethylformamide, sealing and reacting at 80-100 ℃ for 10-20h under the protection of argon, and purifying for one time to obtain a polymerization product; adding 80-90% formic acid aqueous solution into the polymerization product, stirring at room temperature, adding water, continuing stirring, and performing secondary purification to obtain the hydrophilic polyvinyl chloride.
5. The transparent bulletproof experimental device as set forth in claim 4, wherein the copper salt is removed by an alumina chromatographic column in a primary purification process of the hydrophilic polyvinyl chloride preparation step, and the mass ratio of the copper salt to the petroleum ether is 1: 1 and vacuum drying at 40-50 ℃ to obtain a polymerization product.
6. The transparent bulletproof experimental device of claim 4, wherein in the secondary purification process of the hydrophilic polyvinyl chloride preparation step, water and methanol are removed by reduced pressure distillation, and the ratio of diethyl ether to water in volume ratio of 1: 1, and drying in vacuum at room temperature to obtain the hydrophilic treatment polyvinyl chloride.
7. The transparent bulletproof experimental device as set forth in claim 4, wherein in the secondary purification process of the hydrophilic treatment polyvinyl chloride manufacturing step, the mass ratio of N-methyl pyrrolidone, polyvinyl chloride, preformed monomer, cuprous chloride and N, N-dimethylformamide is 30-60: 5-10: 15-25: 0.1-0.2: 1-2.
8. The transparent ballistic experimental apparatus of claim 1 wherein the hydrophilic polyvinyl chloride has a number average molecular weight of 520000 and a molecular weight distribution of 1-1.2.
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| CN101269302A (en) * | 2008-05-06 | 2008-09-24 | 南京奥特高科技有限公司 | Non-crystallization permanent hydrophilic PVDF membrane material and preparation method thereof |
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| KR20180124586A (en) * | 2017-05-12 | 2018-11-21 | 송위현 | Manufacturing method of protective SFT using low density silica, protective SFT and protective clothing thereby |
| CN110524960A (en) * | 2019-08-07 | 2019-12-03 | 东华大学 | A kind of high buffering flexible function auxetic composite material and preparation method of asymmetry |
| CN211641242U (en) * | 2019-12-27 | 2020-10-09 | 重庆诚谦玻璃有限公司 | Bulletproof glass |
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Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN101269302A (en) * | 2008-05-06 | 2008-09-24 | 南京奥特高科技有限公司 | Non-crystallization permanent hydrophilic PVDF membrane material and preparation method thereof |
| CN107212485A (en) * | 2017-05-09 | 2017-09-29 | 东华大学 | A kind of flexible puncture-proof fabric |
| KR20180124586A (en) * | 2017-05-12 | 2018-11-21 | 송위현 | Manufacturing method of protective SFT using low density silica, protective SFT and protective clothing thereby |
| CN110524960A (en) * | 2019-08-07 | 2019-12-03 | 东华大学 | A kind of high buffering flexible function auxetic composite material and preparation method of asymmetry |
| CN211641242U (en) * | 2019-12-27 | 2020-10-09 | 重庆诚谦玻璃有限公司 | Bulletproof glass |
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