CN113021945A - Integrated preparation method of three-dimensional auxetic structure of foam filled composite material - Google Patents
Integrated preparation method of three-dimensional auxetic structure of foam filled composite material Download PDFInfo
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- CN113021945A CN113021945A CN202110266310.8A CN202110266310A CN113021945A CN 113021945 A CN113021945 A CN 113021945A CN 202110266310 A CN202110266310 A CN 202110266310A CN 113021945 A CN113021945 A CN 113021945A
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- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 109
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 47
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000004026 adhesive bonding Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 230000003139 buffering effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000005489 elastic deformation Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 9
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000000748 compression moulding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012792 core layer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003733 fiber-reinforced composite Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 240000004282 Grewia occidentalis Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011157 advanced composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009435 building construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009787 hand lay-up Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012779 reinforcing material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C70/00—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
- B29C70/04—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts comprising reinforcements only, e.g. self-reinforcing plastics
- B29C70/28—Shaping operations therefor
- B29C70/30—Shaping by lay-up, i.e. applying fibres, tape or broadsheet on a mould, former or core; Shaping by spray-up, i.e. spraying of fibres on a mould, former or core
- B29C70/34—Shaping by lay-up, i.e. applying fibres, tape or broadsheet on a mould, former or core; Shaping by spray-up, i.e. spraying of fibres on a mould, former or core and shaping or impregnating by compression, i.e. combined with compressing after the lay-up operation
- B29C70/342—Shaping by lay-up, i.e. applying fibres, tape or broadsheet on a mould, former or core; Shaping by spray-up, i.e. spraying of fibres on a mould, former or core and shaping or impregnating by compression, i.e. combined with compressing after the lay-up operation using isostatic pressure
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
- B29C65/48—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using adhesives, i.e. using supplementary joining material; solvent bonding
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C70/00—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
- B29C70/04—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts comprising reinforcements only, e.g. self-reinforcing plastics
- B29C70/28—Shaping operations therefor
- B29C70/40—Shaping or impregnating by compression not applied
- B29C70/42—Shaping or impregnating by compression not applied for producing articles of definite length, i.e. discrete articles
- B29C70/44—Shaping or impregnating by compression not applied for producing articles of definite length, i.e. discrete articles using isostatic pressure, e.g. pressure difference-moulding, vacuum bag-moulding, autoclave-moulding or expanding rubber-moulding
Abstract
The invention provides an integrated preparation method of a three-dimensional auxetic structure of a foam filling composite material, which is integrally formed by a VARI process, wherein the structure consists of a plurality of unit bodies with auxetic characteristics and the same structure, each unit body is of a three-dimensional double-arrow-head type negative Poisson's ratio structure and consists of an upper part and a lower part, the upper part is formed by laying fiber fabrics into an arrow with a larger included angle, and the lower part is formed by laying fiber fabrics into an arrow with a smaller included angle. The invention breaks through the process flow that the traditional three-dimensional double-arrow negative Poisson's ratio structure is made into a corrugated plate test piece by a mould pressing method, and then the corrugated plate test piece is cut by a carving machine and then is subjected to interlocking molding, and the foam filling composite material three-dimensional auxetic structure integrated preparation method based on the VARI process is adopted to replace the interlocking process preparation method, so that the elastic deformation of the three-dimensional double-arrow head structure in the processes of buffering, shock absorption and energy absorption is larger, and the performance is more excellent.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to an integrated preparation method, in particular to an integrated preparation method of a three-dimensional auxetic structure of a foam filling composite material.
Background
The fiber reinforced composite material as an advanced composite material has the advantages of light weight, high specific strength, large specific modulus, strong designability and the like, and is widely applied to the fields of aerospace, buildings, oceans, hydraulic structures and the like. The fiber reinforced composite material can meet the requirements of the modern structure on large span, high rise, heavy load, light weight, high strength and work development under severe conditions, and can also meet the requirements of the industrialized development of modern building construction. The double-arrow negative poisson's ratio structure has been widely studied and used at present. The traditional double-arrow head stretching structure is mainly characterized in that a corrugated plate structure is manufactured by a mould pressing method, cutting is carried out by a cutting machine, and a three-dimensional double-arrow head structure is formed by combining an interlocking process, wherein the interlocking structure cannot maintain the required angle of the structure in the gluing process, and the degumming phenomenon easily occurs in the compression and stretching process.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an integrated preparation method of a three-dimensional auxetic structure of a foam filling composite material, which is used for overcoming the elastic deformation capacity of the traditional three-dimensional double-arrow head structure and achieving a better energy absorption effect in an impact load.
The purpose of the invention is realized as follows:
a three-dimensional auxetic structure of foam filling composite material is manufactured by a VARI process in an integrated forming mode, and the structure is composed of a plurality of unit bodies with auxetic characteristics and the same structure, wherein each unit body is of a three-dimensional double-arrow-head type negative Poisson ratio structure and is composed of an upper part and a lower part, the upper part is formed by laying fiber fabrics into an arrow with a larger included angle, and the lower part is formed by laying fiber fabrics into an arrow with a smaller included angle.
The foam-filled composite three-dimensional auxetic structure of the present invention may further comprise:
the fiber fabric is made of glass fiber materials.
An integrated preparation method of a three-dimensional auxetic structure of a foam filling composite material comprises the following steps:
(1) calculating the size of the unit body according to the requirement, and manufacturing filling foam in the unit body;
(2) selecting a fiber fabric with proper performance as a raw material;
(3) cutting the fiber fabric into a proper size and laying the fiber fabric in a concave groove processed on the foam;
(4) stacking and placing the foams to form a foam filling composite material structure;
(5) pressing flat plates on the periphery, the upper surface and the lower surface of the manufactured foam panel, putting the foam panel into a vacuum bag, vacuumizing, standing and observing whether the vacuum bag leaks air or not.
(6) And (3) performing forming and curing by using a VARI technology, and demolding to obtain the foam filling composite material three-dimensional auxetic single-layer plate structure based on the VARI technology.
(7) And stacking and gluing the foam filling composite material three-dimensional auxetic single-layer plate structure based on the VARI process, and curing to obtain the foam filling composite material three-dimensional auxetic structure based on the VARI process.
The integrated preparation method of the three-dimensional auxetic structure of the foam filling composite material can also comprise the following steps:
the foam consists of an upper part and a lower part, and the shapes of the upper binding surface, the lower binding surface and the peripheral binding surface of the foam are the same;
the size of the foam surface groove is exactly equal to the size of the fiber fabric, and the foam surface groove plays the role of a diversion trench.
The invention provides a foam filling composite material three-dimensional auxetic structure based on a VARI process, which is different from the traditional three-dimensional double-arrow auxetic structure manufactured by an interlocking process, the three-dimensional double-arrow auxetic structure in the invention is integrally formed by the VARI process, and due to internal foam support, the unit structure can increase the elastic deformation of the three-dimensional double-arrow head structure when the three-dimensional double-arrow head structure is subjected to impact load, so that a better buffering and vibration reduction effect is achieved, and the main characteristics of the invention are reflected in that:
1. the foam sandwich plate structure with the auxetic property consists of a plurality of unit bodies with the auxetic property and the same structure; the unit body is a foam filling composite material three-dimensional double-arrow-head negative Poisson's ratio structure; the foam sandwich board buffering structure with the auxetic characteristic is formed by filling three-dimensional double-arrow unit cells with foam, overcomes the defect of low out-of-plane strength of a two-dimensional double-arrow structure, and enables the structure to be more complete and stable. When the structure bears tensile compression load, the unit body of the double-arrow type negative Poisson ratio structure can deform to achieve the effect of unit expansion, and the foam fills the gap of the three-dimensional auxetic structure, so that the whole structure has more excellent mechanical property, and the effect of buffering and energy absorption is achieved.
2. The structure is a foam filling composite material three-dimensional expansion structure, and the size of the structure can be manufactured by calculating unit bodies required by each row and each column according to requirements;
3. the unit body is a three-dimensional double-arrow-head negative Poisson ratio structure, and can realize the function of structural expansion when bearing tensile compression load, thereby playing the role of buffering and energy absorption.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the method breaks through the process flow that the traditional three-dimensional double-arrow negative Poisson's ratio structure is made into a corrugated plate test piece by a mould pressing method, and then is cut by a carving machine and then is subjected to interlocking molding, and the foam filling composite material three-dimensional auxetic structure integrated preparation method based on the VARI process is adopted to replace an interlocking process preparation method, so that the elastic deformation of the three-dimensional double-arrow head structure in the processes of buffering, shock absorption and energy absorption is larger, and the performance is more excellent.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic representation of a relatively large included angle foam core of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic of a relatively small included angle foam core of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic representation of the larger included angle foam core boundary of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic representation of a four-cornered foam core of the present invention, which is a quarter-model of the schematic representation of the foam core at a larger included angle;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the assembly process of the structure of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the formation of a three-dimensional auxetic monolayer sheet structure of the foam-filled composite material based on the VARI process of the present invention;
fig. 7 is a schematic representation of the three-dimensional auxetic structure of the foam-filled composite material based on the VARI process of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
The invention relates to a first implementation mode of a three-dimensional auxetic structure of a foam filling composite material, which is integrally formed by a VARI process, wherein the structure consists of a plurality of unit bodies with auxetic characteristics and the same structure, each unit body is of a three-dimensional double-arrow-head negative Poisson ratio structure and consists of an upper part and a lower part, the upper part is formed by laying fiber fabrics into an arrow with a larger included angle, and the lower part is formed by laying fiber fabrics into an arrow with a smaller included angle;
a second embodiment of the three-dimensional auxetic structure of the foam-filled composite material according to the present invention is based on the first embodiment, wherein the fiber fabric is made of glass fiber material.
FIG. 1 is a schematic representation of a relatively large included angle foam core of the present invention. Wherein H is the height of unit cell structure, and also determines the height of core layer in which the unit cell structure is located, L1The size of the upper surface of the unit cell structure also determines the size of the upper panel of the double arrow structure, L2The size of the lower surface of the unit cell structure is determined by the thickness of a fiber layer, and a proper space needs to be reserved for a foam core with a smaller included angle at the lower layer in the foam processing process because the double-arrow head structure consists of two layers of corrugated plates. The foam core is shown in L1、L2、H、H2H and t are variables, and a foam core unit cell structure with a large included angle is designed.
FIG. 2 is a schematic of a relatively small included angle foam core of the present invention. Wherein H2The height of the core layer of the lower layer of the double arrow structure is also determined for the height of the single cell structure, L1The size of the upper surface of the unit cell structure is generally the same as that of the upper panel, L2The size of the lower surface of the unit cell structure is h is determined by the thickness of the fiber layer, and the inner part of the three-dimensional expansion structure of the foam filling composite material is required to beThe foam is tightly filled, so the size of the lower layer of the foam core with a larger included angle is completely the same with that of the lower layer of the foam core in the foam processing process. The foam core is shown in L1、L2、H2、h2And t is variable, and a foam core unit cell structure with a smaller included angle is designed.
Referring to FIGS. 1 and 2, the relative density of the unit cell structure can be designed by adjusting any parameters, and the schematic diagram of the foam core with a large included angle shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 is shown as L1、L2、H、H2H and t are variables, and two types of foam filling composite material corrugated plate structures with different included angles are designed. Two foams with different included angles are filled into the corrugated plates to be assembled to obtain the double-arrow unit cell structure. The three-dimensional auxetic structure of the foam filling composite material prepared by assembling and fixing the single cell, the foam core boundary and the four-corner foam core is shown in fig. 6.
Therefore, the preparation embodiment of the foam filling composite material three-dimensional auxetic structure integration based on the VARI process is as follows:
(1) calculating the size of a unit cell structure according to the requirement, and determining five sizes of two foam cores with different included angles and the density required by filling foam inside;
(2) according to the required foam density and the size of the foam core, purchasing the foam with the required density and manufacturing a foam filling unit body structure, wherein the unit body is shown in figures 1 to 4;
(3) selecting a fiber fabric with proper mechanical property as a reinforcing material, cutting the fiber fabric into a strip A with the width t, and laying the strip A above the foam core according to the designed layer number;
(4) stacking the fiber-laid foam cores as shown in fig. 5;
(5) forming the stacked three-dimensional auxetic single-layer boards of the foam filling composite material by a VARI process to obtain a three-dimensional auxetic single-layer board structure of the foam filling composite material, as shown in FIG. 6;
(6) and (3) stacking the single-layer plate structures after demolding and forming, and bonding the single-layer plate structures by using structural adhesive in the middle to obtain the structure, namely the foam filling composite material three-dimensional auxetic structure based on the VARI process, as shown in fig. 7.
The three-dimensional expansion structure of the foam filling composite material can be manufactured by calculating unit bodies required by each row and each column according to the requirement;
the foam filling composite material three-dimensional auxetic structure fiber reinforced layer material and the thickness can be laid according to the requirement;
the foam in the step (1) consists of an upper part and a lower part, and the shapes of the upper binding surface, the lower binding surface and the peripheral binding surface of the foam are the same;
in the step (3), the size of the grooves on the surface of the foam is just equal to that of the fiber fabric, and the grooves on the surface of the foam play the role of diversion trenches;
in the step (4), in the process of stacking and placing the foam, the fiber fabric forms a three-dimensional double-arrow structure in the foam;
the panels are arranged on the periphery, the upper surface and the lower surface of the finished test piece in the step (5), so that the surface of the finished test piece is smooth, and no redundant resin is generated on the periphery in the curing process;
the direction of the double arrow is consistent with the height direction of the foam and the bearing direction.
The foam filling composite material three-dimensional auxetic structure based on the VARI process, which is prepared by the invention, has the advantages that the unit bodies are three-dimensional double-arrow-head type negative Poisson's ratio structures, and the function of structural expansion can be realized when tensile and compressive loads are borne. Different from the traditional honeycomb structure, the three-dimensional expansion structure of the foam filling composite material is composed of three-dimensional double-arrow-shaped units, and except that the fiber reinforced three-dimensional double-arrow-shaped structure and the foam core filled inside the fiber reinforced three-dimensional double-arrow-shaped structure can consume energy, the three-dimensional expansion structure of the foam filling composite material based on the VARI process can greatly reduce the generation of defect forms and achieve better buffering effect. The invention has simple preparation and is convenient for mass production.
In summary, the following steps: the invention relates to a VARI process-based integrated preparation method of a three-dimensional auxetic structure of a foam filling composite material. The VARI process has the characteristics of simple forming process and mass production. Compared with the traditional composite material forming process, such as hand lay-up forming, winding, mould pressing and other methods, the VARI process does not need an autoclave, only forms under vacuum pressure, does not need heating, and can be cured at room temperature. Different from the existing preparation method of the three-dimensional double-arrow auxetic structure, the invention omits the steps of mould preparation, compression molding, gluing and the like, thereby ensuring that the preparation of the three-dimensional auxetic structure of the foam filling composite material is more economic and convenient. And the design of the foam surface diversion trench also enables the resin to flow fully and uniformly on the foam surface, thereby avoiding the compression molding defect and the influence on the structure caused by degumming. The structure simultaneously focuses on designability, and the density of the foam core, the fiber reinforced material and the unit cell size can be adjusted according to the operation requirement. The problem of difficult process forming of the three-dimensional auxetic structure of the foam filling composite material is solved, and the product quality is improved.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the above description, and the present invention can be modified in various ways within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. A three-dimensional auxetic structure of a foam filling composite material is characterized by being integrally formed by a VARI process, and the structure consists of a plurality of unit bodies with auxetic characteristics and the same structure, wherein each unit body is of a three-dimensional double-arrow-head type negative Poisson's ratio structure and consists of an upper part and a lower part, the upper part is formed by laying fiber fabrics into arrows with larger included angles, and the lower part is formed by laying fiber fabrics into arrows with smaller included angles.
2. The foam-filled composite three-dimensional auxetic structure according to claim 1, wherein said fiber fabric is a glass fiber material.
3. The integrated preparation method of the three-dimensional auxetic structure of the foam filled composite material is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
(1) calculating the size of the unit body according to the requirement, and manufacturing filling foam in the unit body;
(2) selecting a fiber fabric with proper performance as a raw material;
(3) cutting the fiber fabric into a proper size and laying the fiber fabric in a concave groove processed on the foam;
(4) stacking and placing the foams to form a foam filling composite material structure;
(5) pressing flat plates on the periphery, the upper surface and the lower surface of the manufactured foam panel, putting the foam panel into a vacuum bag, vacuumizing, standing and observing whether the vacuum bag leaks air or not.
(6) And (3) performing forming and curing by using a VARI technology, and demolding to obtain the foam filling composite material three-dimensional auxetic single-layer plate structure based on the VARI technology.
(7) And stacking and gluing the foam filling composite material three-dimensional auxetic single-layer plate structure based on the VARI process, and curing to obtain the foam filling composite material three-dimensional auxetic structure based on the VARI process.
4. The method for integrally preparing the three-dimensional auxetic structure of the foam-filled composite material according to claim 3, wherein the foam is composed of an upper part and a lower part, and the upper part, the lower part and the periphery of the foam are adhered to the same surface.
5. The integrated preparation method of the three-dimensional auxetic structure of the foam-filled composite material according to claim 3, wherein the size of the grooves on the foam surface is exactly equal to the size of the fiber fabric and the grooves on the foam surface function as channels.
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| CN202110266310.8A CN113021945A (en) | 2021-03-11 | 2021-03-11 | Integrated preparation method of three-dimensional auxetic structure of foam filled composite material |
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| CN202110266310.8A CN113021945A (en) | 2021-03-11 | 2021-03-11 | Integrated preparation method of three-dimensional auxetic structure of foam filled composite material |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN114474785A (en) * | 2022-02-09 | 2022-05-13 | 烟台大学 | 3D multi-component composite auxetic super-structural material based on additive manufacturing |
| CN114703904A (en) * | 2022-03-12 | 2022-07-05 | 北京工业大学 | Lamb wave-based concave hexagonal section seismic metamaterial structure |
| CN114770975A (en) * | 2022-04-20 | 2022-07-22 | 航天特种材料及工艺技术研究所 | Bionic composite material airfoil and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN115789375A (en) * | 2022-11-02 | 2023-03-14 | 中国船舶重工集团公司第七一九研究所 | Compression energy locking type displacement compensation vibration reduction connecting pipe |
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