CN113020635A

CN113020635A - Numerical control lathe that parts machining used

Info

Publication number: CN113020635A
Application number: CN202110327975.5A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 许彰衡
Original assignee: Hebei De Netzsch Precision Mould Manufacturing Co ltd
Current assignee: Hebei De Netzsch Precision Mould Manufacturing Co ltd
Priority date: 2021-03-26
Filing date: 2021-03-26
Publication date: 2021-06-25
Anticipated expiration: 2041-03-26
Also published as: CN113020635B

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of cutting processing equipment, and provides a numerical control lathe for processing parts, which comprises: a frame; the clamp is arranged on the rack and used for clamping the workpiece blank; the tool rest feeding device is arranged on the rack in a sliding mode and is used for cutting the workpiece blank; and a feeding device arranged on the frame, the feeding device comprises: the supporting plate is arranged on the rack in a sliding and rotating mode; the material carrying plate is of a circular structure, and a plurality of feeding clamps are arranged on the circumference of the material carrying plate; the coil sets up inside the backup pad, the backup pad becomes the metal sheet of taking magnetism under the effect of coil, and the year flitch that loads the work piece blank is adjusted well under the effect of manipulator and is installed in the backup pad, then the backup pad moves to anchor clamps department along the axis of work piece blank, and the one end that makes the work piece blank gets into in the anchor clamps is pressed from both sides tightly by anchor clamps, accomplishes the material loading, has solved among the prior art manual installation work piece blank, problem that production efficiency is low.

Description

Numerical control lathe that parts machining used

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of cutting processing equipment, in particular to a numerical control lathe for processing parts.

Background

The numerical control lathe is one of the numerical control lathes which are widely used at present, the numerical control lathe is full-automatic, a lathe tool for turning a rotating workpiece is mainly used by a lathe tool, a shaft material is a blank commonly used by the numerical control lathe, manual feeding and discharging are mostly adopted in the prior art, an operator places the shaft material workpiece blank into a fixture for fixing, the lathe tool is placed at an initial position, then the numerical control lathe is controlled to work, after the shaft material is machined, the fixture stops, the lathe tool returns to the initial position, the operator manually takes the machined workpiece down, and places the other shaft material workpiece blank into the fixture for working, the operation is circulated, the blank is manually installed and the workpiece is disassembled, so that the production efficiency is low, and the labor amount of the operator is large.

Therefore, at present, a person skilled in the art needs to design a numerically controlled lathe for machining parts, so as to solve the problem of low production efficiency caused by manual blank installation and workpiece disassembly.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention provides a numerically controlled lathe for machining parts, and solves the problems that in the prior art, blanks are manually installed and workpieces are manually disassembled, and the production efficiency is low.

The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:

a numerically controlled lathe for machining a part, comprising:

a frame;

the clamp is arranged on the rack and used for clamping a workpiece blank, and the workpiece blank is of a cylindrical structure;

the tool rest feeding device is arranged on the rack in a sliding manner; and

loading attachment sets up in the frame, loading attachment includes:

the supporting plate is arranged on the rack in a sliding mode and driven to rotate by the driving motor, and the supporting plate is close to or far away from the clamp after sliding;

the material carrying plate is arranged on the supporting plate and is of a circular structure, and a plurality of feeding clamps are arranged on the circumference of the material carrying plate;

the coil is arranged in the supporting plate and used for enabling the supporting plate and the material carrying plate to have magnetism;

a discharge box slidably disposed on the frame, a support plate slidably disposed between the discharge box and the clamp, and

the material blocking unit is arranged on the discharging box and located at the discharging opening of the discharging box, and the discharging box realizes one-by-one discharging.

As a further technical solution, the discharge box has:

the material storage cavity is positioned in the discharge box, the longitudinal section of the bottom of the material storage cavity is V-shaped, the bottom end of the material storage cavity is provided with a shunting port, and the width of the shunting port is the same as the diameter of the workpiece blank;

the material distributing channels are obliquely arranged in two groups, one ends of the two groups of material distributing channels are communicated with the material distributing port, and the two groups of material distributing channels are combined into an inverted V-shaped structure; and

the discharging channel is vertically arranged and communicated with the material distributing channel, the discharging channel is provided with a plurality of discharging ends, and the material blocking units are arranged at the discharging ends of the discharging channel.

As a further technical solution, the discharge channel has:

the material suction ports are positioned on one side of the material outlet channel and used for tightly sucking the workpiece blank after the feeding clamp moves over, and the material suction ports are arranged in a semi-circular array; and

and the discharge port is positioned at the bottom of the discharge channel, the discharge port is used for the feeding clamp to tightly suck the workpiece blank and then move downwards, and the plane where the discharge port is positioned is perpendicular to the plane where the suction port is positioned.

As a further technical scheme, the discharge ports comprise a first discharge port and a second discharge port which are arranged in sequence from top to bottom,

the material blocking unit comprises a material blocking plate which is provided with a material blocking plate,

the first baffle is arranged at the first discharge hole in a sliding mode and blocks or cancels to block the first discharge hole after sliding;

the second baffle is arranged at the second discharge hole in a sliding mode, the second discharge hole is blocked or not blocked after the second baffle slides, a single discharge space is formed between the first baffle and the second baffle and used for containing a workpiece blank, and the suction port is communicated with one side of the single discharge space;

and the first telescopic cylinder and the second telescopic cylinder respectively drive the first baffle and the second baffle to slide.

As a further technical scheme, the distance between the first baffle and the second baffle is equal to the diameter of the workpiece blank.

As a further technical scheme, a groove and a positioning block are arranged on the supporting plate, a boss and a limiting groove are arranged on the material carrying plate, the boss is matched with the groove, the positioning block is matched with the limiting groove, the supporting plate is of a circular structure, the groove and the boss are of a frustum structure, the groove and the supporting plate are coaxially arranged, and the supporting plate drives the feeding clamp to be aligned with the clamp after rotating.

As a further technical solution, the method further comprises:

the driving machine is arranged on the rack and used for providing power for the numerical control lathe;

the numerical control table is arranged on the outer side of the numerical control lathe and used for controlling the action of the lathe; and

the waste collecting box is arranged on the rack and is positioned below the clamped workpiece blank; and

the discharge apparatus is arranged on the frame, and the discharge apparatus comprises:

the pneumatic clamp is arranged on the frame in a sliding manner along the radial direction of the clamped workpiece blank,

the discharging plate is obliquely arranged on the rack, and the pneumatic clamp is arranged above the discharging plate.

As a further aspect, the tool rest feeding device includes:

the moving plate is arranged on the rack in a sliding mode, and the moving direction of the moving plate is parallel to the axis of the clamped workpiece blank;

the telescopic cylinder is fixedly arranged on the moving plate and stretches along the radial direction of the clamped workpiece blank;

the cutting knife is arranged at the output end of the telescopic cylinder; and

buffer unit, one end is fixed telescopic cylinder's output, the other end is fixed and is provided with the cutting sword, buffer unit includes:

the buffer shell is of a hollow cylindrical structure and is arranged in a vertically split manner, one split body of the buffer shell is fixedly connected to the output end of the telescopic cylinder, and the other split body of the buffer shell is fixedly connected with the cutting knife;

the buffer columns are arranged inside the buffer shell, the buffer columns and the buffer shell are arranged in the same direction, and the number of the buffer columns is multiple;

and the spring is sleeved on the buffer column, and two ends of the spring are connected with two ends of the buffer shell.

The invention also provides a part machining method, which comprises the following steps:

s1, distributing materials for the first time, placing cylindrical workpiece blanks in a discharge box, and meanwhile enabling a plurality of semi-circle-arrayed material suction ports to be fully distributed with the workpiece blanks;

s2, performing primary material suction to enable the coil to be electrified, enabling the supporting plate and the feeding clamp to be both magnetic, enabling the supporting plate to drive the feeding clamp to be aligned with the material suction ports of the semi-circumferential array, performing magnetic suction on the workpiece blank in the feeding clamp, magnetically sucking the workpiece blank in a half circle of the whole feeding clamp, and enabling the rest half circle of the feeding clamp not to suck the workpiece blank;

s3, shifting, namely moving the support plate downwards and rotating 180 degrees, and moving the support plate upwards to enable the half-circle feeding clamp of the residual non-magnetic workpiece blank to be aligned with the suction ports of the half-circle array;

s4, distributing for the second time, and enabling a plurality of semi-circle-arrayed material suction ports to be fully distributed with the workpiece blanks;

s5, secondary material suction, wherein the workpiece blanks in the material suction port are adsorbed by the remaining half-circle feeding clamps which do not magnetically suck the workpiece blanks, and the workpiece blanks are adsorbed by the whole circle of feeding clamps;

s6, feeding, moving the supporting plate to the clamp, clamping a workpiece blank by the clamp, moving the supporting plate upwards, and separating the workpiece blank clamped by the clamp from the feeding clamp;

s7, machining, namely turning the clamped workpiece blank by a lathe;

s8, feeding, rotating and moving the support plate downwards to align another workpiece blank with the clamp, clamping the workpiece blank by the clamp, moving the support plate upwards, and separating the workpiece blank clamped by the clamp from the feeding clamp;

s9, repeating S7-S8 until the workpiece blank magnetically attracted by the feeding clamp is processed;

and S10, repeating S1-S9, and realizing automatic circular machining of the parts.

As a further technical solution, in steps S1 and S4, the step of fully distributing the workpiece blanks at the plurality of half-circumference-arrayed material suction ports is specifically as follows: the second discharge port is blocked by the first baffle, the first discharge port is opened by the first baffle, and after the workpiece blank is fed into the single discharge space, the second discharge port is closed by the first baffle, so that the first baffle keeps blocking the first discharge port, and the second baffle keeps blocking the second discharge port;

in step S3, when the supporting plate moves down and rotates 180 °, the second blocking plate needs to open the second discharge hole, and the supporting plate moves down by a certain height to ensure that the workpiece blank on the feeding clamp can move down and move out of the second discharge hole, and rotates 180 ° after moving out, and the second blocking plate is closed to keep blocking the second discharge hole.

The working principle and the beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:

the supporting plate becomes a metal plate with magnetism under the action of the coil, the magnetic attraction function is realized, the material carrying plate is directly adsorbed on the supporting plate, the installation is convenient, the material carrying plate loaded with the workpiece blank is arranged on the supporting plate in an aligned mode under the action of a manipulator, one of the material loading clamps is positioned on a vertical plane where the clamp is positioned, the supporting plate moves the material carrying plate downwards to enable the material loading clamp to clamp one end of the workpiece blank, the other end of the clamped workpiece blank is opposite to the clamp, then the supporting plate moves to the clamp along the axis of the workpiece blank to enable the other end of the workpiece blank to enter the clamp to be clamped by the clamp, the material loading clamp is loosened at the moment, the material carrying plate is driven by the supporting plate to move back to an initial position, the supporting plate rotates to drive the material carrying plate to rotate, the other material loading clamp clamped with the workpiece blank is rotated to be positioned on the same vertical plane with the clamp, the next feeding is carried, therefore, the tool rest feeding device can process the rotating workpiece blank, complete the processing of the workpiece blank and realize automatic feeding, and the problem of low production efficiency caused by manual installation of the workpiece blank in the prior art is solved.

Drawings

The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

FIG. 1 is a front view of the structure of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a front view of the loading device of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a loading device according to the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a front view of the tool holder feeding device of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a buffer unit according to the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a side sectional view of the structure of the present invention;

FIG. 7 is an enlarged view of the discharge box structure of the present invention shown in FIG. 6;

FIG. 8 is a schematic view of the structure of the tapping channel of the present invention;

in the figure: 1. the automatic material feeding device comprises a rack, 2, a clamp, 3, a tool rest feeding device, 31, a moving plate, 32, a telescopic cylinder, 33, a cutting tool, 34, a buffer unit, 341, a buffer shell, 342, a buffer column, 343, a spring, 4, a feeding device, 41, a supporting plate, 411, a groove, 412, a positioning block, 42, a material loading plate, 421, a boss, 422, a limiting groove, 43, a feeding clamp, 44, a discharging box, 441, a material storage cavity, 442, a discharging channel, 443, a material distributing channel, 444, a shunting port, 445, a material sucking port, 446, a discharging port, 45, a material stopping unit, 451, a first telescopic cylinder, 452, a baffle 453, a baffle II, 454, a second telescopic cylinder, 5, a discharging device, 51, a pneumatic clamp, 52, a discharging plate, 6, a driving machine, 7, a numerical control platform, 8, a waste collecting box, 9 and a workpiece blank.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any inventive step, are intended to be within the scope of the present invention.

Example 1

As shown in fig. 1 to 8, the present embodiment proposes a numerically controlled lathe for machining a part, including:

a frame 1;

the clamp 2 is arranged on the rack 1 and used for clamping a workpiece blank 9, and the workpiece blank 9 is of a cylindrical structure;

the tool rest feeding device 3 is arranged on the frame 1 in a sliding manner; and

loading attachment 4 sets up in frame 1, and loading attachment 4 includes:

the supporting plate 41 is arranged on the rack 1 in a sliding mode and driven to rotate by the driving motor, and the supporting plate 41 is close to or far away from the clamp 2 after sliding;

the material loading plate 42 is arranged on the support plate 41, the material loading plate 42 is of a circular structure, and a plurality of feeding clamps 43 are arranged on the upper circumference of the material loading plate 42;

a coil provided inside the support plate 41 for making the support plate 41 and the material-carrying plate 42 magnetic;

a discharge box 44, the discharge box 44 is arranged on the frame 1 in a sliding way, the support plate 41 is arranged between the discharge box 44 and the clamp 2 in a sliding way, and

the material blocking unit 45 is arranged on the discharging box 44 and located at the discharging opening of the discharging box 44, and is used for discharging the materials one by one from the discharging box 44.

In the embodiment, in order to solve the problems of manual blank installation and workpiece disassembly and low production efficiency, a lathe capable of automatic loading and unloading is specially designed, so that the complicated operation of manual loading and unloading is omitted, the automatic processing of parts is greatly improved, the frame 1 enables the numerically controlled lathe to be stably and fixedly installed at a required position, the running stability and the deviation of the numerically controlled lathe are ensured, the clamp 2 is rotatably arranged on the frame 1, the support plate 41 becomes a magnetic metal plate under the action of a coil, the material carrying plate 42 loaded with a plurality of workpiece blanks can be selectively and accurately installed on the support plate 41, one loading clamp 43 is positioned on a vertical plane where the clamp 2 is positioned, the support plate 41 drives the material carrying plate 42 to move downwards, the loading clamp 43 is enabled to clamp one end of the workpiece blank 9, the other end of the clamped workpiece blank 9 is opposite to the clamp 2, then the support plate 41 moves towards the clamp 2 along the axis of the workpiece blank 9, make the other end of work piece blank 9 get into in anchor clamps 2 and be pressed from both sides tightly by anchor clamps 2, then make material loading clamp 43 break away from with this work piece blank 9, can specifically take material loading clamp 43 to move by force through backup pad 41, the coil lasts and keeps electrified, because backup pad 41 is under the effect of coil magnetism, magnetic force is limited, and the effort that acts on work piece blank 9 with anchor clamps 2 differs great, consequently can realize the separation, and can also guarantee that other work piece blanks 9 on the material loading clamp 43 continuously are inhaled by the magnetism.

The supporting plate 41 drives the material carrying plate 42 to move back to the initial position, the supporting plate 41 rotates to drive the material carrying plate 42 to rotate, and the other feeding clamp 43 clamping the workpiece blank 9 rotates to be located on the same vertical plane with the clamp 2 to perform feeding next time. During, anchor clamps 2 drive work piece blank 9 that is pressed from both sides tightly and rotates to make the work piece blank 9 of knife rest feeding device 3 pairing rotation carry out processing, accomplish the processing to work piece blank 9, automatic feeding has effectively promoted production efficiency, adopts automatic feeding to replace current artifical material loading, has reduced personnel's intensity of labour, and effectively avoids the operation personnel to take place accident.

Example 2

The scheme in embodiment 1 can only realize that the workpiece blanks 9 of one circle on the feeding clamp 43 are sequentially fed to the clamp 2 for automatic processing, and still needs to manually feed the workpiece blanks 9 of one circle to the feeding clamp 43, and further improvement is made to solve the problem.

As shown in fig. 6 to 8, a numerically controlled lathe for machining parts includes all the structures in embodiment 1, and in order to realize automatic loading and unloading of each circle of workpiece blank 9 of the loading clamp 43 on the supporting plate 41, through long-term research by the inventor, an automatic loading structure for arranging cylindrical workpiece blanks 9 into a circle is well designed, so that automatic loading of each link is well ensured, thereby achieving 24-hour uninterrupted automatic loading,

specifically, the discharge box 44 has:

the material storage cavity 441 is positioned in the discharge box 44, the longitudinal section of the bottom of the material storage cavity 441 is V-shaped, the bottom end of the material storage cavity 441 is provided with a shunting port 444, and the width of the shunting port 444 is the same as the diameter of a workpiece blank;

the material distributing channels 443 are obliquely arranged in two groups, one ends of the two groups of material distributing channels 443 are communicated with the material distributing ports 444, and the two groups of material distributing channels 443 are combined into an inverted V-shaped structure; and

discharging channel 442, discharging channel 442 sets up vertically, discharging channel 442 and branch material passageway 443 intercommunication, and discharging channel 442 is provided with a plurality of, and discharging end of discharging channel 442 is provided with and keeps off material unit 45.

The discharge passage 442 has:

the material sucking ports 445 are located on one side of the material discharging channel 442, the material sucking ports 445 are used for sucking the workpiece blank 9 tightly after the feeding clamp 43 moves over, and the material sucking ports 445 are in a semi-circular array; and

and the discharge port 446 is positioned at the bottom of the discharge channel 442, the discharge port 446 is used for the feeding clamp 43 to tightly suck the workpiece blank 9 and then move downwards, and the plane of the discharge port 446 is vertical to the plane of the suction port 445.

The scheme is seemingly simple, but the inventor obtains the scheme through multiple improvements, in the process, the suction ports 445 are designed to be in a full-circle array, so that a full circle of workpiece blanks 9 can be simultaneously sucked through the magnetic force of the feeding clamp 43, but the problem that the workpiece blanks cannot be downwards discharged after being sucked exists, the workpiece blanks are only horizontally moved after being sucked for one circle, the whole workpiece blank 9 can be downwards moved after being horizontally moved out of the suction ports 445, and the position resetting is still required to be realized through multi-step operations such as horizontal moving or rotation after being downwards moved, the process greatly increases the working space required by the equipment, the moving time is greatly increased, in order to reduce the moving space and the moving time, through long-term research of the inventor, the reduction of the feeding time and the space required by the occupied equipment is finally realized through half-circle adsorption, so that the full-automatic feeding of the workpiece blanks 9 can be still realized on the basis of not increasing the space, the existing and conventional arrangement modes need to enlarge the occupied area of equipment and the working space.

In the specific embodiment, the discharge box 44 is arranged along the length direction of the rack 1, so that the length direction of the workpiece blank 9 in the discharge box 44 is parallel to the length direction during machining, an inclined surface is arranged in the discharge box 44, the bottom of the cross section of the storage cavity 441 is V-shaped, a large number of workpiece blanks 9 are placed in the storage cavity 441, the V-shaped structure facilitates the workpiece blanks 9 to slide into the discharge channel 442 through the diversion port 444 and the distribution channel 443 due to self weight, and since the discharge channels 442 are provided with a plurality of discharge ports 446 of the discharge channels 442 to form a semicircle, the radius of the circumference of the material loading plate 42 where the material loading clips 43 are arranged is the same as the radius of the circumference of the material loading plate 42, half of the material loading clips 43 on the material loading plate 42 are loaded after one-time clamping, and then the support plate is moved and rotated 180 degrees to load the other half of; the loading clamp 43 is enabled to clamp materials rapidly, the positions of the discharge hole 446 and the loading clamp 43 correspond to each other, the loading clamp 43 is convenient to clamp a workpiece blank 9 from a discharge channel, then the material blocking unit 45 clamps the unclamped materials, the supporting plate 41 moves downwards to a designated position, then the supporting plate 41 rotates 180 degrees and moves upwards, the rest half position is loaded, after the loading is completed, the discharge box 44 moves upwards, the supporting plate 41 is driven by the driving device to translate to one loading clamp 43 which is opposite to the clamp 2, then the supporting plate 41 moves towards the clamp 2, the workpiece blank 9 on the loading clamp 43 is inserted into the clamp 2, the clamp 2 is locked, the workpiece blank 9 is fixed, the supporting plate 41 returns to the original loading position, the tailstock at the other end of the lathe moves to position the other end of the workpiece blank 9, then the clamp 2 drives the workpiece blank 9 to rotate, and the tool rest feeding device 3 moves to the corresponding position according to a set degree, the workpiece blank 9 is processed, and a good full-automatic processing process is integrally realized.

As shown in fig. 8, the discharge hole 446 comprises a first discharge hole and a second discharge hole, the first discharge hole and the second discharge hole are arranged in sequence from top to bottom,

the material blocking unit 45 comprises a material blocking plate,

the first baffle 452 is arranged at the first discharge hole in a sliding mode and blocks or cancels blocking of the first discharge hole after sliding;

the second baffle 453 is arranged at the second discharge hole in a sliding mode, the second discharge hole is blocked or not blocked after the second baffle 453 slides, a single discharge space is formed between the first baffle 452 and the second baffle 153 and used for containing a workpiece blank 9, and the material suction port 445 is communicated with one side of the single discharge space;

the first telescopic cylinder 451 and the second telescopic cylinder 454 drive the first baffle 452 and the second baffle 453 to slide respectively.

The distance between the first baffle 452 and the second baffle 453 is equal to the diameter of the workpiece blank 9.

In this embodiment, the first baffle 452 is disposed at the telescopic end of the first telescopic cylinder 451, and is used for controlling the first baffle 452 to close or open the discharging channel 442; the second baffle 453 is arranged at the telescopic end of the second telescopic cylinder 454 and is used for controlling the second baffle 453 to close or open the discharging channel 442; the second baffle 453 is positioned below the first baffle 452, a workpiece blank 9 is accommodated between the second baffle 453 and the first baffle 452, and when the two are closed, the feeding clamp 43 penetrates through the material suction port 445 to clamp and feed; when the first baffle 452 is closed, the second baffle 453 is opened, the discharge hole 446 is opened, the discharge box 44 moves upwards or the feeding clamp 43 moves downwards, so that the workpiece blank 9 clamped by the feeding clamp 43 is separated from the discharge box 44, blank damage caused by interference between the first baffle 452 and the workpiece blank 9 is avoided, after the discharge box 44 moves upwards or the feeding clamp 43 moves downwards, the second baffle 453 is closed, the first baffle 452 is opened, the height between the two baffles can only accommodate one workpiece blank 9, the workpiece blank 9 moves downwards for subsequent clamping, the first baffle 452 is closed, the support plate 41 drives the material carrying plate 42 to move downwards and rotate 180 degrees, the second baffle 452 moves upwards again to the original position, the support plate 41 drives the other half of the feeding clamp 43 without clamping materials to clamp and feed, the whole process does not need personnel operation, the automation efficiency is high, accidents of casualties cannot happen, and the effect that after the feeding clamp 43 carries magnetic force twice, the materials are well achieved through a simple structure, and the purpose that the whole circle of sucking the workpieces blank is achieved after the feeding clamp 43 carries the magnetic 9, and simultaneously ensures the synchronous realization of quick discharging.

Example 3

As shown in fig. 1 to 3, including all the structures of embodiment 1, the device further includes a supporting plate 41 having a groove 411 and a positioning block 412, a material-carrying plate 42 having a boss 421 and a limiting groove 422, the boss 421 fitting the groove 411, and the positioning block 412 fitting the limiting groove 422.

In this embodiment, the grooves 411 and the bosses 421 are adapted to align the material-carrying plate 42 with the supporting plate 41 during installation without offset and dislocation, so as to prevent the material-carrying plate 42 from being worn by centrifugal force during rotation of the supporting plate 41, and the positioning blocks 412 are adapted to the limiting grooves 422 to fix the material-carrying plate 42 and the supporting plate 41 relatively as a whole, so as to accurately install the material-carrying plate 42.

As shown in fig. 1 to 3, the supporting plate 41 has a circular structure, the recess 411 and the boss 421 have a frustum-shaped structure, the recess 411 and the supporting plate 41 are coaxially disposed, and the positioning block 412 and a certain loading clamp 43 are located on the same diameter of the material carrying plate 42.

In this embodiment, the frustum-shaped structure, make convenient and fast when boss 421 installs, avoid centering many times and influence the installation effectiveness, one of them material loading presss from both sides 43 and spacing groove 422 sets up along the same diameter that carries flitch 42, make carry flitch 42 to install the back on backup pad 41, work piece blank 9 that this material loading presss from both sides 43 centre gripping and anchor clamps 2 are on same vertical plane, backup pad 41 translation can be aligned and make work piece blank 9 align with anchor clamps 2, avoid aligning many times, influence production efficiency, and make work piece blank 9 move the centre gripping position of anchor clamps 2, make anchor clamps 2 accomplish the centre gripping to work piece blank 9, realize the quick clamping of work piece blank 9.

As shown in fig. 1 to 3, the loading clamps 43 are aligned with the jigs 2 by the support plates 41, and two sets of loading plates 42 are provided.

In this embodiment, the material loading plate 42 is provided with 2 groups, and the 2 groups of material loading plates 42 are alternately installed on the supporting plate 41, so that the working efficiency is improved, and any material loading clamp 43 is driven by the rotation of the supporting plate 41 to have the performance of sharing a vertical plane with the fixture 2, so that the workpiece blank 9 borne by the material loading plate 42 can be clamped by the fixture 2, and the corresponding processing operation is completed.

As shown in fig. 1 to 6, the present invention further includes: discharge apparatus 5, set up on frame 1, discharge apparatus 5 includes: the pneumatic clamp 51 is arranged on the frame 1 in a sliding mode along the radial direction of the clamped workpiece blank 9, the stripper plate 52 is obliquely arranged on the frame 1, and the pneumatic clamp 51 is arranged above the stripper plate 52.

In this embodiment, discharge apparatus 5 is used for shifting the work piece that the processing was accomplished, avoid manual operation to influence production efficiency and manual operation easily to cause the incident, work piece blank 9 is processed into the work piece under knife rest feeding device 3's effect after, pneumatic clamp 51 moves work piece place, press from both sides tight work piece, anchor clamps 2 loosen, pneumatic clamp 51 moves initial position, pneumatic clamp 51 loosens, make the work piece along stripper 52 landing, a work piece case is placed to the discharge end of stripper 52, make the work piece along the stripper 52 landing in the work piece incasement, accomplish the work piece and collect, treat that the work piece case is full, the case change can, manpower resources have been practiced thrift greatly, and production efficiency is improved.

As shown in fig. 1 to 4, the tool holder feeding device 3 includes: the moving plate 31 is arranged on the rack 1 in a sliding mode, and the moving direction of the moving plate 31 is parallel to the axis of the clamped workpiece blank 9; the telescopic cylinder 32 is fixedly arranged on the moving plate 31, and the telescopic cylinder 32 extends and retracts along the radial direction of the clamped workpiece blank 9; and a cutter 33 disposed at an output end of the telescopic cylinder 32.

In this embodiment, the moving plate 31 drives the cutting blade 33 to move along the axis of the workpiece blank 9, the telescopic cylinder 32 drives the cutting blade 33 to move along the radial direction of the workpiece blank 9, and the cutting blade 33 performs a combined motion under the action of the moving plate 31 and the telescopic cylinder 32, thereby completing the processing of the workpiece blank 9.

As shown in fig. 1 to 4, the tool rest feeding device 3 further includes a buffer unit 34, one end of which is fixed to the output end of the telescopic cylinder 32, and the other end of which is fixedly provided with a cutter 33.

In this embodiment, when the cutting blade 33 receives the acting force of the workpiece blank 9, the buffer unit 34 buffers the acting force, so as to prevent the cutting blade 33 from being damaged due to the large acting force, and the buffer unit 34 prolongs the service life of the cutting blade.

As shown in fig. 4, the buffer unit 34 includes: the buffer shell 341 is a hollow cylindrical structure, the buffer shell 341 is divided into an upper part and a lower part, one part of the buffer shell 341 is fixedly connected to the output end of the telescopic cylinder 32, and the other part is fixedly connected with the cutting knife 33; the buffer columns 342 are fixedly arranged inside the buffer shell 341, the buffer columns 342 and the buffer shell 341 are arranged in the same direction, and a plurality of buffer columns 342 are arranged; and a spring 343 sleeved on the buffer column 342, wherein two ends of the spring 343 are connected with two ends of the buffer shell 341.

In this embodiment, the upper and lower parts of the buffer housing 341 are respectively used to connect the telescopic cylinder 32 and the cutting blade 33, the buffer column 342 is used to support the buffer housing 341, one end of the buffer column 342 is disposed on one part of the buffer housing 341, the other end of the buffer column is disposed on the surface of the other part of the buffer housing 341 in contact with the other part of the buffer housing 341, a plurality of buffer columns 342 are disposed to enhance the strength of the buffer housing 341 and prevent the buffer housing 341 from being damaged due to excessive force, the buffer column 342 is sleeved with a spring 343, when the cutting blade 33 is subjected to a large acting force, the acting force is transmitted to the buffer housing 341 so that the unit force is reduced, and the acting force passes through the buffer column 342 and the spring 343 to make a part of the force elastically deform the spring 343, thereby preventing the cutting blade 33 from being damaged due to excessive force, and prolonging the service life of the cutting blade 33.

As shown in fig. 1, the method further includes: the driving machine 6 is arranged on the machine frame 1 and used for providing power for the numerical control lathe; the numerical control table 7 is arranged on the outer side of the numerical control lathe and used for programming and controlling the moving track of the cutting knife 33; and the waste collecting box 8 is arranged on the frame 1 and is positioned below the clamped workpiece blank 9.

In this embodiment, the driving machine 6 provides system power for the numerically controlled lathe, so that the numerically controlled lathe can run stably, and the numerically controlled lathe can work normally, the numerical control table 7 is used for an operator to program to control the movement of the cutting blade 33, so that the cutting blade 33 completes the processing of the workpiece blank 9 as required, the numerically controlled table 7 controls the operation and the stop of the numerically controlled lathe, and the waste collection box 8 is used for collecting waste materials under cutting to perform recovery processing, so that waste is avoided.

Example 4

s1, distributing materials for the first time, placing cylindrical workpiece blanks 9 in the discharging box 44, and meanwhile enabling a plurality of semi-circle-arrayed material suction ports 445 to be fully distributed with the workpiece blanks 9;

s2, performing primary material suction to enable the coil to be electrified, enabling the supporting plate 41 and the feeding clamp 43 to be both magnetic, enabling the supporting plate 41 to drive the feeding clamp 43 to be aligned with the material suction ports 445 in the semi-circumferential array, performing magnetic suction on the workpiece blank 9 in the feeding clamp, magnetically sucking the workpiece blank 9 in a half circle of the whole feeding clamp 43, and enabling the rest half circle of the feeding clamp 43 not to suck the workpiece blank 9;

s3, shifting, namely moving the support plate 41 downwards and rotating 180 degrees, and moving the support plate 41 upwards to enable the half-circle feeding clamp 43 of the residual non-magnetic workpiece blank 9 to be aligned with the semi-circular array of the suction ports 445;

s4, distributing for the second time, and enabling a plurality of semi-circle arrayed material suction ports 445 to be fully distributed with the workpiece blank 9;

s5, secondary material suction, wherein the workpiece blank 9 in the material suction port 445 is sucked by the remaining half-circle material feeding clamp 43 which does not magnetically suck the workpiece blank 9, and the workpiece blank 9 is sucked by the whole circle of material feeding clamp 43;

s6, feeding, wherein the supporting plate 41 moves towards the clamp 2, the clamp 2 clamps a workpiece blank 9, the supporting plate 41 moves upwards, and the workpiece blank 9 clamped by the clamp 2 is separated from the feeding clamp 43;

s7, machining, namely turning the clamped workpiece blank 9 by a lathe;

s8, feeding, the supporting plate 41 rotates and moves down to align another workpiece blank 9 with the fixture 2, the fixture 2 clamps the workpiece blank 9, the supporting plate 41 moves up, and the workpiece blank 9 clamped by the fixture 2 is separated from the feeding clamp 43;

s9, repeating S7-S8 until the workpiece blank 9 magnetically attracted by the feeding clamp 43 is processed;

As a further technical solution, it is proposed that,

in steps S1 and S4, the material suction ports 445 in the plurality of semi-circumferential arrays are fully distributed with the workpiece blank 9, specifically: the second discharge hole is blocked by the second baffle 453, the first baffle 452 opens the first discharge hole, after the workpiece blank 9 is fed into the single discharge space, the second discharge hole is closed by the first baffle 452, so that the first baffle 452 keeps blocking the first discharge hole, and the second baffle 453 keeps blocking the second discharge hole;

in step S3, when the supporting plate 41 moves downward and rotates 180 °, the second blocking plate 453 needs to open the second discharge hole, and the supporting plate 41 moves downward by a certain height, so as to ensure that the workpiece blank 9 on the feeding clamp 43 can move downward and move out of the second discharge hole, and rotate 180 ° after moving out, and the second blocking plate 453 is closed to keep blocking the second discharge hole.

In this embodiment, not only can realize that an automatic material loading of material loading clamp 43 carries out lathe work to anchor clamps 2, after the round of material processing on material loading clamp 43 finishes, can also the automatic migration carry out the half a circle to ejection of compact case 44 and inhale the material, move down the rotation and move the back up again, carry out remaining half a circle again and inhale the material, fine whole circle has been realized and has been inhaled the material, not only whole circle is inhaled the material and can be realized, and need not long distance translation and long distance and reset again, consequently, it is still less with the removal time shorter to have guaranteed to move the space, make and still can realize the full autoloading of work piece blank 9 on the basis that does not increase the space.

Automatic feeding is realized, the program is subjected to clamping-feeding circulation operation through the numerical control table 7, the material is only required to be placed into the discharging box 44 at regular time, manual blank installation and workpiece disassembly are not required, personnel injury is avoided, automatic production is realized, and production efficiency is greatly improved.

The present invention is not limited to the above preferred embodiments, and any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A numerically controlled lathe for machining a part, comprising:

a frame (1);

the clamp (2) is arranged on the rack (1) and used for clamping a workpiece blank (9), and the workpiece blank (9) is of a cylindrical structure;

the tool rest feeding device (3) is arranged on the rack (1) in a sliding manner; and

loading attachment (4), set up in on frame (1), loading attachment (4) include:

the supporting plate (41) is arranged on the rack (1) in a sliding mode and driven to rotate by a driving motor, and the supporting plate (41) is close to or far away from the clamp (2) after sliding;

the material carrying plate (42) is arranged on the supporting plate (41), the material carrying plate (42) is of a circular structure, and a plurality of feeding clamps (43) are arranged on the upper circumference of the material carrying plate (42);

the coil is arranged inside the supporting plate (41) and is used for enabling the supporting plate (41) and the material carrying plate (42) to be magnetic;

a discharge box (44), the discharge box (44) is arranged on the frame (1) in a sliding manner, the support plate (41) slides between the discharge box (44) and the clamp (2), and

the material blocking unit (45) is arranged on the discharging box (44) and located at the discharging opening of the discharging box (44) and used for discharging the materials one by one from the discharging box (44).

2. The numerically controlled lathe for machining parts according to claim 1, characterized in that said discharge box (44) has:

the storage cavity (441) is positioned in the discharge box (44), the longitudinal section of the bottom of the storage cavity (441) is V-shaped, the bottom end of the storage cavity (441) is provided with a shunting port (444), and the width of the shunting port (444) is the same as the diameter of the workpiece blank;

the material distributing channels (443) are obliquely arranged in two groups, one ends of the two groups of material distributing channels (443) are communicated with the material distributing port (444), and the two groups of material distributing channels (443) are combined into an inverted V-shaped structure; and

the discharging channel (442), the discharging channel (442) sets up vertically, the discharging channel (442) with divide material passageway (443) intercommunication, the discharging channel (442) is provided with a plurality of, the discharge end of discharging channel (442) is provided with the fender unit (45).

3. A numerically controlled lathe for machining parts according to claim 2, characterized in that said outfeed channel (442) has:

the material suction ports (445) are located on one side of the discharge channel (442), the material suction ports (445) are used for tightly sucking the workpiece blank (9) after the feeding clamp (43) moves over, and the material suction ports (445) are arranged in a semicircular array; and

the discharge port (446) is located at the bottom of the discharge channel (442), the discharge port (446) is used for the feeding clamp (43) to tightly suck the workpiece blank (9) and then move downwards, and the plane where the discharge port (446) is located is perpendicular to the plane where the suction port (445) is located.

4. The numerically controlled lathe for machining a part according to claim 3,

the discharge hole (446) comprises a first discharge hole and a second discharge hole which are sequentially arranged from top to bottom,

the material blocking unit (45) comprises a material blocking part,

the first baffle (452) is arranged at the first discharge hole in a sliding mode and blocks or cancels to block the first discharge hole after sliding;

the second baffle (453) is arranged at the second discharge hole in a sliding mode, the second discharge hole is blocked or not blocked after the second baffle slides, a single discharge space is formed between the first baffle (452) and the second baffle (153) and used for containing a workpiece blank (9), and the material suction port (445) is communicated with one side of the single discharge space;

and the first telescopic cylinder (451) and the second telescopic cylinder (454) respectively drive the first baffle plate (452) and the second baffle plate (453) to slide.

5. The numerically controlled lathe for machining parts according to claim 4, characterized in that the distance between said first baffle (452) and said second baffle (453) is equal to the diameter of said workpiece blank (9).

6. The numerically controlled lathe for machining parts according to claim 1, wherein a groove (411) and a positioning block (412) are arranged on the supporting plate (41), a boss (421) and a limiting groove (422) are arranged on the material carrying plate (42), the boss (421) is matched with the groove (411), the positioning block (412) is matched with the limiting groove (422), the supporting plate (41) is of a circular structure, the groove (411) and the boss (421) are of a frustum structure, the groove (411) and the supporting plate (41) are coaxially arranged, and the supporting plate (41) rotates to drive the feeding clamp (43) to be aligned with the clamp (2).

7. The numerically controlled lathe for machining a part according to claim 1, further comprising:

the driving machine (6) is arranged on the machine frame (1) and used for providing power for the numerical control lathe;

the numerical control table (7) is arranged on the outer side of the numerical control lathe and is used for controlling the lathe to act; and

the waste collecting box (8) is arranged on the rack (1) and is positioned below the clamped workpiece blank (9); and

-a discharge device (5) arranged on the frame (1), the discharge device (5) comprising:

a pneumatic clamp (51) which is arranged on the frame (1) in a sliding manner along the radial direction of the clamped workpiece blank (9),

the discharging plate (52) is obliquely arranged on the frame (1), and the pneumatic clamp (51) is arranged above the discharging plate (52).

8. A numerically controlled lathe for the machining of parts according to claim 1, characterized in that said tool-holder feeding means (3) comprise:

the moving plate (31) is arranged on the rack (1) in a sliding mode, and the moving direction of the moving plate (31) is parallel to the axis of the clamped workpiece blank (9);

the telescopic cylinder (32) is fixedly arranged on the moving plate (31), and the telescopic cylinder (32) stretches along the radial direction of the clamped workpiece blank (9);

the cutting knife (33) is arranged at the output end of the telescopic cylinder (32); and

a buffer unit (34), one end of which is fixed to the output end of the telescopic cylinder (32), and the other end of which is fixedly provided with the cutting knife (33), wherein the buffer unit (34) comprises:

the buffer shell (341) is of a hollow cylindrical structure, the buffer shell (341) is arranged in a vertically split manner, one split body of the buffer shell (341) is fixedly connected to the output end of the telescopic cylinder (32), and the other split body of the buffer shell is fixedly connected with the cutting knife (33);

the buffer columns (342) are arranged inside the buffer shell (341), the buffer columns (342) and the buffer shell (341) are arranged in the same direction, and a plurality of buffer columns (342) are arranged;

and the spring (343) is sleeved on the buffer column (342), and two ends of the spring (343) are connected with two ends of the buffer shell (341).

9. A method of machining a part, comprising the steps of:

s1, distributing materials for the first time, placing cylindrical workpiece blanks (9) in a discharging box (44), and meanwhile enabling a plurality of semi-circle arrayed material suction ports (445) to be fully distributed with the workpiece blanks (9);

s2, performing primary material suction to enable the coil to be electrified, enabling the supporting plate (41) and the feeding clamp (43) to be both magnetic, enabling the supporting plate (41) to drive the feeding clamp (43) to be aligned to the material suction ports (445) of the semi-circumferential array, performing magnetic suction on the workpiece blank (9) in the feeding clamp, enabling half of the whole circle of the feeding clamp (43) to magnetically suck the workpiece blank (9), and enabling the rest half of the circle of the feeding clamp (43) not to suck the workpiece blank (9);

s3, changing the position, moving the support plate (41) downwards and rotating 180 degrees, moving the support plate (41) upwards to enable the half-circle feeding clamp (43) of the residual non-magnetic work piece blank (9) to be aligned with the suction ports (445) of the half-circle array;

s4, distributing for the second time, and enabling a plurality of semi-circle arrayed material suction ports (445) to be fully distributed with the workpiece blank (9);

s5, secondary material suction, wherein the remaining half-circle feeding clamp (43) which does not magnetically suck the workpiece blank (9) adsorbs the workpiece blank (9) in the material suction port (445), and the whole circle of feeding clamp (43) adsorbs the workpiece blank (9);

s6, feeding, wherein the supporting plate (41) moves towards the clamp (2), the clamp (2) clamps a workpiece blank (9), the supporting plate (41) moves upwards, and the workpiece blank (9) clamped by the clamp (2) is separated from the feeding clamp (43);

s7, machining, namely turning the clamped workpiece blank (9) by a lathe;

s8, feeding, wherein the supporting plate (41) rotates and moves downwards to enable the other workpiece blank (9) to be aligned with the clamp (2), the clamp (2) clamps the workpiece blank (9), the supporting plate (41) moves upwards, and the workpiece blank (9) clamped by the clamp (2) is separated from the feeding clamp (43);

s9, repeating S7-S8 until the workpiece blank (9) magnetically attracted by the feeding clamp (43) is processed;

10. A method of machine-processing a part according to claim 9,

in steps S1 and S4, the specific steps of filling the workpiece blank (9) with the plurality of half-circle array of material suction ports (445) are: the second discharge hole is blocked by the second baffle (453), the first baffle (452) opens the first discharge hole, and after the workpiece blank (9) is fed into the single discharge space, the second discharge hole is closed by the first baffle (452), so that the first baffle (452) keeps blocking the first discharge hole, and the second baffle (453) keeps blocking the second discharge hole;

in step S3, when the supporting plate (41) moves downward and rotates 180 degrees, the second discharge hole needs to be opened by the second blocking plate (453), and the supporting plate (41) moves downward by a certain height to ensure that the workpiece blank (9) on the feeding clamp (43) can move downward and move out of the second discharge hole, and rotates 180 degrees after moving out, and the second blocking plate (453) is closed to keep blocking the second discharge hole.