CN113019039A - Metallurgical flue gas dust removal device and dust removal method - Google Patents
Metallurgical flue gas dust removal device and dust removal method Download PDFInfo
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- CN113019039A CN113019039A CN201911249714.5A CN201911249714A CN113019039A CN 113019039 A CN113019039 A CN 113019039A CN 201911249714 A CN201911249714 A CN 201911249714A CN 113019039 A CN113019039 A CN 113019039A
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- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 243
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 180
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 180
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 57
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 50
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 35
- 238000011001 backwashing Methods 0.000 claims description 33
- 238000011010 flushing procedure Methods 0.000 claims description 31
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 25
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims description 24
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000010865 sewage Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000010797 grey water Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000010792 warming Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 41
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 description 17
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 14
- 239000003595 mist Substances 0.000 description 11
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 10
- 230000005684 electric field Effects 0.000 description 6
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- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000008602 contraction Effects 0.000 description 4
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- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012716 precipitator Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000443 aerosol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005054 agglomeration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002776 aggregation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009749 continuous casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012717 electrostatic precipitator Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009851 ferrous metallurgy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010419 fine particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003517 fume Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D50/00—Combinations of methods or devices for separating particles from gases or vapours
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Abstract
The invention provides a metallurgical flue gas dust removal device and a dust removal method, wherein the metallurgical flue gas dust removal device comprises: the flue gas passes through the dust collection tower and the wet dust removal equipment in sequence; at least one spraying device is arranged in the dedusting collection tower and is used for spraying flue gas. By the method and the device, the technical problems that the dedusting treatment efficiency of the metallurgical flue gas is low and the treated flue gas is difficult to reach low emission concentration in the prior art are solved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of environmental protection equipment, in particular to a metallurgical flue gas dust removal device and a dust removal method.
Background
A production section of ferrous metallurgy can generate a large amount of flue gas, and in order to reduce the pollution of the flue gas to the environment, the environmental protection treatment needs to be strengthened, the flue gas dust removal treatment needs to be deepened, and the environmental protection reconstruction needs to be promoted. The wet flue gas generated by the flame cleaning flue gas and steel slag stewing (splashing slag) of the continuous casting machine has the characteristics of high water content, high dust content, complex components and the like of the flue gas; for the metallurgical flue gas, at present, a wet spraying process is generally adopted for dust removal treatment, but in the actual treatment process, the dust removal efficiency of the wet spraying process is low and unstable, the collection efficiency of the dust particles below PM10 is low, the treated flue gas cannot reach low emission concentration, and in addition, a large amount of water resources are consumed in the treatment process.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a metallurgical flue gas dust removal device and a dust removal method, so as to solve the technical problems that the dust removal treatment efficiency of metallurgical flue gas is low and the treated flue gas is difficult to reach low emission concentration in the prior art.
The above object of the present invention can be achieved by the following technical solutions:
the invention provides a metallurgical flue gas dust removal device, which comprises: the system comprises a dust collection tower and wet dust removal equipment, wherein flue gas sequentially passes through the dust collection tower and the wet dust removal equipment; at least one spraying device is arranged in the dedusting collection tower and is used for spraying flue gas.
In a preferred embodiment, the upper part of the dedusting collecting tower is provided with a collecting tower inlet, and the lower part of the dedusting collecting tower is provided with a collecting tower outlet.
In a preferred embodiment, a first ash water bucket and a flue gas communication mechanism are arranged in the dedusting collection tower; the first grey water bucket is arranged below the spraying device and divides the dedusting collecting tower into an upper tower cavity and a lower tower cavity, and the first grey water bucket can receive spraying liquid of the spraying device and can prevent flue gas in the upper tower cavity from flowing to the lower tower cavity; the flue gas in the upper tower cavity can flow into the lower tower cavity through the flue gas communication mechanism.
In a preferred embodiment, the flue gas communication means comprises a venturi tube.
In a preferred embodiment, the venturi tube is disposed in a vertical direction and penetrates the first grey water bucket.
In a preferred embodiment, the venturi tube comprises a contraction pipe section and a throat pipe section connected below the contraction pipe section, wherein the inner diameter of the contraction pipe section is gradually reduced from top to bottom, and the inner diameter of the throat pipe section is gradually enlarged from top to bottom.
In a preferred embodiment, the flue gas communication mechanism comprises a cone block structure arranged below the venturi tube, the cone block structure is provided with a conical surface, and an annular channel is arranged between the inner wall of the throat pipe section and the conical surface.
In a preferred embodiment, a position adjusting mechanism is connected to the cone block structure, and the position adjusting mechanism can drive the cone block structure to move up and down.
In a preferred embodiment, the flue gas communication means comprises a plurality of venturi tubes distributed circumferentially about the axis of the dust collection column.
In a preferred embodiment, a second ash bucket is arranged in the lower tower cavity, and the inner cavity of the second ash bucket is gradually reduced from top to bottom; the dust removal collecting tower comprises a drainage backwashing pipe, the first end of the drainage backwashing pipe is communicated with the top of the second ash bucket, the second end of the drainage backwashing pipe is communicated with the bottom of the second ash bucket, and a sewage discharge valve and a bypass valve are sequentially arranged on the drainage backwashing pipe along the direction from the first end to the second end; the drainage backwashing pipe is connected with a drainage pipe and a backwashing pipe, and the drainage pipe is connected between the sewage discharge valve and the bypass valve; the back flushing pipe is connected between the bypass valve and the second end of the drainage back flushing pipe, and a back flushing pipeline valve is arranged on the back flushing pipe.
In a preferred embodiment, the inner cavity of the first ash bucket is gradually reduced from top to bottom; the dust removal collecting tower comprises a drainage backwashing pipe, a first end of the drainage backwashing pipe is communicated with the top of the first ash bucket, a second end of the drainage backwashing pipe is communicated with the bottom of the first ash bucket, and a sewage discharge valve and a bypass valve are sequentially arranged on the drainage backwashing pipe along the direction from the first end to the second end; the drainage backwashing pipe is connected with a drainage pipe and a backwashing pipe, and the drainage pipe is connected between the sewage discharge valve and the bypass valve; the back flushing pipe is connected between the bypass valve and the second end of the drainage back flushing pipe, and a back flushing pipeline valve is arranged on the back flushing pipe.
In a preferred embodiment, a cooling heat exchanger is arranged in the dust removal collecting tower, and the cooling heat exchanger is used for absorbing heat of flue gas and is arranged on one side of the spraying device close to the collecting tower inlet of the dust removal collecting tower.
In a preferred embodiment, the wet dust removal equipment adopts a wet electric dust removal tower, and a power supply, an anode element and a cathode element are arranged in the wet electric dust removal tower; the lower part of the wet-type electric dust removal tower is provided with a dust removal tower inlet and a water outlet, and the upper part of the wet-type electric dust removal tower is provided with a dust removal tower outlet; and the inlet of the dust removal tower is communicated with the outlet of the collection tower of the dust removal collection tower.
In a preferred embodiment, a temperature-rising heat exchanger for transferring heat to flue gas is arranged in the wet-type electric dust removal tower, and the temperature-rising heat exchanger is close to the outlet of the dust removal tower.
In a preferred embodiment, a cooling heat exchanger is arranged in the dust removal collecting tower, and the cooling heat exchanger is arranged above the spraying device and used for absorbing heat of the flue gas; and the heat exchange medium in the temperature rising heat exchanger and the heat exchange medium in the temperature reducing heat exchanger circularly flow.
The invention provides a metallurgical flue gas dust removal method, which adopts the metallurgical flue gas dust removal device and comprises the following steps:
spraying, namely spraying the flue gas by using a dust removal collecting tower;
and wet dust removal, wherein wet dust removal equipment performs wet dust removal treatment on the flue gas.
In a preferred embodiment, the metallurgical flue gas dust removal method comprises:
a cooling step, wherein the flue gas is subjected to cooling treatment; the cooling step is arranged before the spraying step.
The invention has the characteristics and advantages that:
the flue gas firstly enters a dust removal collecting tower, the flue gas is humidified and cooled by spraying, a supersaturated state is achieved, dust particles with larger particle sizes in the flue gas collide with water mist particles and are condensed to form large dust-containing liquid drops, and the dust particles are separated from the flue gas and are taken away with water flow to be discharged.
After being discharged from the dust removal collecting tower, the flue gas enters wet dust removal equipment for deep purification so as to further reduce the dust emission concentration and achieve the ultralow emission index. The flue gas is subjected to spraying treatment, so that the dust concentration is greatly reduced, the flue gas is well soaked by water mist and is in a supersaturated state, the operation of wet dust removal equipment is facilitated, the operation load of the wet dust removal equipment is reduced, the risk of dust deposition and difficult dust removal is reduced, the overall operation reliability of the dust removal device is higher, and the dust removal treatment efficiency is ensured.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a metallurgical flue gas dust removal device according to a first embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a metallurgical flue gas dust removal device according to a second embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 3 is a sectional view taken along line A-A in FIG. 1;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of a venturi tube in the metallurgical flue gas dust removal device shown in FIG. 1;
FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a second ash bucket and a drainage backwash pipe in the metallurgical flue gas dust removal device shown in FIG. 1;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a metallurgical flue gas dust removal method provided by the invention.
The reference numbers illustrate:
10. a dust removal collecting tower; 101. an inlet of a collector column; 102. an outlet of the collector column; 11. an upper tower cavity; 12. a lower tower cavity; 13. a flue gas duct;
20. a spraying device;
31. a first grey water bucket; 32. a second grey water bucket;
400. a flue gas communication mechanism; 40. a venturi tube; 41. shrinking the pipe section; 42. a throat section; 43. a cylinder section; 44. annular channel
50. A cone block structure; 501. a conical surface; 51. a position adjustment mechanism;
61. a drainage backwash pipe; 62. a drain pipe; 63. a backwash pipe; v1, a blowdown valve; v2, bypass valve; v3, back washing pipeline valve;
70. a cooling heat exchanger;
80. wet dust removal equipment; 81. a wet electric dust removal tower; 811. an inlet of a dust removal tower; 812. an outlet of the dust removal tower; 813. a water outlet;
821. an anode element; 822. a cathode element; 823. a power source; 83. a spray rinsing line and a nozzle;
90. a temperature-rising heat exchanger; 91. and (4) a water circulating pump.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example one
The invention provides a metallurgical flue gas dust removal device, as shown in figures 1 and 2, the dust removal device comprises: the flue gas sequentially passes through the dust collection tower 10 and the wet dust removal equipment 80; at least one spraying device 20 is arranged in the dust removal collecting tower 10, and the spraying device 20 is used for spraying the flue gas.
The flue gas firstly enters a dust removal collecting tower 10, the flue gas is humidified and cooled by spraying, a supersaturated state is achieved, dust particles with larger particle sizes in the flue gas collide with water mist particles and are condensed to form large liquid drops containing dust, the dust particles are separated from the flue gas and are taken away with water flow to be discharged.
After being discharged from the dust removal collecting tower 10, the flue gas enters the wet dust removal equipment 80 for deep purification, so that the dust emission concentration is further reduced, and the ultra-low emission index is achieved. Because the flue gas is subjected to spraying treatment, the dust concentration is greatly reduced, and the flue gas is well infiltrated by water mist and is in a supersaturated state, so that the operation of the wet dust removal equipment 80 is facilitated, the operation load of the wet dust removal equipment 80 is reduced, the risk of dust accumulation and difficult dust removal is reduced, the overall operation reliability of the dust removal device is higher, and the dust removal treatment efficiency is ensured.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the shower device 20 includes a shower pipe and a plurality of nozzles connected to the shower pipe. One or more spraying devices 20 can be arranged in the dust removal collecting tower 10 according to the actual engineering situation; the multiple spraying devices 20 are vertically arranged along the height direction of the dust removal collecting tower 10, and the multiple spraying devices 20 are combined, so that the high-temperature and high-humidity flue gas is continuously and forcibly cooled after entering the dust removal collecting tower 10, the condensation and separation of moisture in the flue gas are facilitated, and the supersaturated state is reached.
The dust removing device firstly removes dust in advance in the dust removing collecting tower 10, and then carries out fine dust removing treatment through the wet dust removing device 80, so as to deeply purify the smoke. The wet dust removing device 80 may be any one of a tube bundle type dust removing demister, a turbulent ball tower, or a wet electro-precipitator tower. When the wet dust removal device 80 adopts the tube bundle type dust removal demister, in the tube bundle type dust removal demister, the air flow flowing through the tube bundle is turbulent at a high speed by utilizing the difference of centrifugal forces of dust particles with different particle sizes in the flue gas, so that a large amount of fine droplets in the flue gas and the dust particles are promoted to collide with each other and are condensed into larger particles; secondly, high-speed airflow formed by guide vanes in the tube bundle type dust and mist removing device forms extremely high tangential speed, liquid drops and fine dust are thrown to the wall surface at high speed and are intercepted after being contacted with a liquid film on the wall surface, so that separation is realized, and condensation, catching and annihilation phenomena are accompanied in the process. When the wet dust-removing equipment 80 adopts a turbulent ball tower, the spherical filler is suspended in the turbulent ball tower to form turbulent rotation and mutual collision, so that the gas and the liquid are closely contacted, and the mass transfer, the heat transfer and the dust removal are effectively carried out.
Preferably, the wet dust removing device 80 adopts a wet electric dust removing tower 81, and in the wet electric dust removing tower 81, under the action of a high-voltage electric field, smoke particles in the gas are charged and move to the anode plate, and are adhered to and collected on the anode plate; the wet-type electric dust removal tower 81 utilizes electric field force, has high dust removal and purification efficiency for aerosol with the particle size of less than 20 microns, and has wide application range. As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the wet electric precipitator 81 includes a power source 823, an anode element 821, and a cathode element 822; a dust removal tower inlet 811 and a water outlet 813 are arranged at the lower part of the wet-type electric dust removal tower 81, and a dust removal tower outlet 812 is arranged at the upper part of the wet-type electric dust removal tower 81; the dust removal tower inlet 811 is communicated with the collecting tower outlet 102 of the dust removal collecting tower 10 through the flue gas pipeline 13. The cavity in the wet electric dust removal tower 81 is used as a space for flue gas purification treatment, and flue gas passes through from bottom to top; the cathode element 822 is connected with a power source 823, a high voltage power source is introduced, the anode element 821 and the cathode element 822 form a high voltage electric field under the action of the high voltage power source, dust and mist carried by the flue gas are continuously collected on the inner surface of the anode element 821 under the action of the high voltage electric field, and the flue gas is purified. The voltage value of the power source 823 is related to the same pole distance of the electric field, the rated voltage of the power source 823 is generally designed to be 72kV or 80kV, and the actual operating voltage is about 55kV to 70 kV.
The main components of metallurgical flue gas such as wet flue gas generated by slag stewing include steam and air, and are mixed with steel slag and Ca (OH)2The dust such as, the smoke and dust viscidity is big, concentration is high, very easily the adhesion is inside and the caking at equipment and pipeline, and the smoke and dust particle size distribution is wide moreover, and the flue gas temperature is high, if directly adopt wet-type electrostatic precipitator to handle, has the problem of easy deposition, difficult deashing, leads to the inside material of dust remover to select the difficulty, and the stability of operation is lower, and the maintenance volume is big, can't keep higher dust collection efficiency. According to the metallurgical flue gas dust removal device provided by the invention, before the flue gas enters the wet-type electric dust removal tower 81, the flue gas is firstly removedThe collection tower 10 is sprayed and soaked to form tiny liquid drops with smoke particles as condensation nuclei inside and water outside, the particle size and the weight are increased, and meanwhile, the liquid drops are easy to condense and grow up due to diffusion and collision among the liquid drops. The particles with large particle size are more easily collected by the wet type electric precipitation tower 81, and the operation load of the wet type electric precipitation tower 81 is reduced.
The wet flue gas is gradually cooled in the process of flowing through the chimney, condensate is easy to appear on the inner wall of the chimney, and the chimney is easy to corrode and rust when being in a wet state for a long time. When the flue gas carries acid gas, the condensate on the inner wall of the chimney can dissolve the untreated acid gas, the pH value is acidic, and the corrosion is stronger. Therefore, the inventor makes further improvement: as shown in fig. 1, a temperature-rising heat exchanger 90 for transferring heat to flue gas is disposed in the wet-type electric dust removal tower 81, and the temperature-rising heat exchanger 90 is close to the dust removal tower outlet 812. The flue gas flows from bottom to top, and after dust removal is completed through the anode element 821 and the cathode element 822, the flue gas flows through the heating heat exchanger 90, the flue gas absorbs heat and is heated to reach an unsaturated state, the lifting capacity of smoke plume is enhanced, the phenomenon that water vapor in the flue gas meets condensation junctions at the chimney outlet of the wet electric dust removal tower 81 is reduced, the phenomenon of 'white smoke' is avoided, the corrosion inside the chimney can be reduced, and the requirement of the chimney on the anticorrosion measure of the wet flue gas is lowered. Preferably, a spray rinsing line and nozzles 83 are provided in the wet scrubber apparatus 80 for performing a regular rinsing, which flushes dust collected by the anode element 821 into water, which can be discharged through the water discharge 813.
As shown in fig. 1 or fig. 2, the upper part of the dust-removing collecting tower 10 is provided with a collecting tower inlet 101, the lower part of the dust-removing collecting tower 10 is provided with a collecting tower outlet 102, and the flue gas enters the dust-removing collecting tower 10 through the collecting tower inlet 101 and moves from top to bottom, which is beneficial to the full contact between the flue gas and the spray water mist.
In order to enhance the dust removal efficiency of the flue gas in the spraying treatment process, as shown in fig. 1, a temperature-reducing heat exchanger 70 is arranged in the dust-removing collecting tower 10, and the temperature-reducing heat exchanger 70 is used for absorbing heat of the flue gas and is located above the spraying device 20. The flue gas enters from the collecting tower inlet 101, firstly flows through the cooling heat exchanger 70, and the cooling heat exchanger 70 absorbs the heat of the flue gas to cool the flue gas, so that the flue gas can reach a supersaturated state in the spraying treatment process, and dust particles are separated from the flue gas and fall along with water flow. For high-temperature and high-humidity dust-containing flue gas, a large amount of water is sprayed in the conventional treatment process, and the treatment efficiency of spraying and dedusting is very limited. This dust collector cools down earlier for the flue gas minimizing, volume flow reduces, sprays the processing again, makes the high temperature and high humidity flue gas get into by continuous compulsory cooling, and the moisture condensation in the flue gas is appeared and is reached the oversaturation state, and at this in-process, the dust particle in the flue gas collides with the water smoke granule, condenses the big liquid drop that forms dusty and break away from the air current, has improved purification efficiency.
Further, a first ash bucket 31 and a flue gas communication mechanism 400 are arranged in the dust removal collecting tower 10; the first ash water bucket 31 is arranged below the spraying device 20 and divides the dedusting collecting tower 10 into an upper tower cavity 11 and a lower tower cavity 12, and the first ash water bucket 31 can receive spraying liquid of the spraying device 20 and can prevent flue gas in the upper tower cavity 11 from flowing to the lower tower cavity 12; the flue gas in the upper column cavity 11 can flow into the lower column cavity 12 through the flue gas communication means 400. When the flue gas moves in the upper tower cavity 11, under the spraying effect, dust particles with larger particle sizes are separated from the flue gas and fall into the first dust hopper 31, and the first dust hopper 31 can bear the dust particles and the spraying liquid which are separated by spraying. Preferably, the first dust hopper 31 is formed in an inverted cone shape, and the outer diameter of the upper opening is the same as the inner diameter of the dust collection tower 10, so as to perform a separation function and to accommodate dust particles and spray liquid.
The flue gas after the spraying treatment in the upper tower cavity 11 continues to move to the lower tower cavity 12 through the flue gas communication mechanism 400. To further facilitate dust particle separation, the flue gas communication means 400 includes a venturi 40. The density of the flue gas after being cooled by spraying is increased, the volume is reduced, the flue gas flows through the Venturi tube 40, the flue gas, dust particles and liquid drops generate violent turbulence mixing action, a part of smoke dust with fine particle size is condensed into smoke dust with large particle size, and the smoke dust is separated from the air flow after passing through the Venturi tube 40 and falls into the bottom of the lower tower cavity 12.
As shown in fig. 4, the venturi tube 40 includes a convergent tube section 41 and a throat tube section 42 connected below the convergent tube section 41, the inner diameter of the convergent tube section 41 is gradually reduced from top to bottom, and the inner diameter of the throat tube section 42 is gradually enlarged from top to bottom; the upper end of the contraction pipe section 41 is connected with a cylindrical section 43. Preferably, the venturi tube 40 is fixedly disposed in a vertical direction and penetrates through the first grey water bucket 31; the upper portion of the venturi tube 40 is provided with an umbrella-shaped funnel cap to prevent the spray liquid from directly passing through the venturi tube 40 and entering the lower tower chamber 12.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the flue gas communication mechanism 400 includes a cone block structure 50 disposed below the venturi tube 40, the cone block structure 50 is provided with a tapered surface 501, the cone block structure 50 extends into the throat section 42, and an annular passage 44 is disposed between the inner wall of the throat section 42 and the tapered surface 501. The smoke dust is well soaked by the water mist in the upper tower cavity 11, and then passes through the annular channel 44, the annular channel 44 is in an expanded shape, the smoke generates violent turbulence, the relative movement speed between dust particles, liquid drops and the smoke is extremely high, and the mixing and agglomeration of the dust particles and the liquid drops are enhanced.
Further, the cone block structure 50 is connected with a position adjusting mechanism 51, and the position adjusting mechanism 51 can drive the cone block structure 50 to move up and down to adjust the height of the cone block structure 50, so as to adjust and control the size of the annular channel 44, so that the resistance loss of the annular channel 44 is between 1kPa and 10 kPa; within a certain range, when the cone block structure 50 moves upward, the size of the annular passage 44 is reduced, dust removal efficiency is improved, and resistance loss is increased. Through position adjustment mechanism 51, adjustable to satisfying the fume emission standard, make the resistance loss keep less value simultaneously, make this dust collector's performance more balanced. In the actual operation process, the working condition of the flue gas can change, and the size of the annular channel 44 is regulated and controlled to adapt to the working condition of the flue gas, so that the high dust removal efficiency is favorably realized. Preferably, the slope of the tapered surface 501 on the cone block structure 50 is not equal to the slope of the inner wall of the throat section 42.
Specifically, the position adjustment mechanism 51 may employ a hydraulic, pneumatic, or electric mechanism. For example: the position adjustment mechanism 51 includes an air cylinder, or the position adjustment mechanism 51 includes an electric cylinder.
The flue gas communication means 400 may comprise 1 or more venturi tubes 40. As shown in fig. 3, the flue gas communication mechanism 400 includes a plurality of venturi tubes 40, and the plurality of venturi tubes 40 are circumferentially distributed around the axis of the dedusting collective tower 10 to improve the circulation of the flue gas and the dedusting efficiency. When the flue gas communication means 400 includes a plurality of venturi tubes 40, a plurality of cone block structures 50 and position adjusting means 51 may be provided in one-to-one correspondence with the venturi tubes 40.
After the flue gas enters the lower tower cavity 12, dust particles are settled, and therefore, a second ash water bucket 32 is arranged in the lower tower cavity 12 to bear the dust particles and liquid drops; the collector tower outlet 102 is positioned above the second grey water hopper 32 to facilitate the discharge of flue gas from the lower tower chamber 12. Preferably, the second ash bucket 32 is in the shape of an inverted cone, and the inner cavity of the second ash bucket is gradually reduced from top to bottom so as to accommodate dust particles and spraying liquid.
Further, the second ash bucket 32 is connected with a drainage back-flushing pipe 61, as shown in fig. 5, a first end of the drainage back-flushing pipe 61 is communicated with the top of the second ash bucket 32, a second end of the drainage back-flushing pipe 61 is communicated with the bottom of the second ash bucket 32, and a sewage discharge valve V1 and a bypass valve V2 are sequentially arranged on the drainage back-flushing pipe 61 along the direction from the first end to the second end; the drainage back-flushing pipe 61 is connected with a drainage pipe 62 and a back-flushing pipe 63, and the drainage pipe 62 is connected between the drainage valve V1 and the bypass valve V2; the backwash pipe 63 is connected between the bypass valve V2 and the second end of the discharge backwash pipe 61, and a backwash conduit valve V3 is provided on the backwash pipe 63.
In a normal operation state, the sewage discharge valve V1 is closed, the bypass valve V2 is opened, the back flush pipeline valve V3 is closed, and the sewage collected in the second ash bucket 32 is continuously discharged out of the tower body from the bottom of the second ash bucket.
When the water flow of the drain pipe 62 is slowed down or other signs of poor drainage occur, the sewage discharge valve V1 is opened, the bypass valve V2 is closed, the backwashing pipeline valve V3 is opened, and externally supplied backwashing water enters from the bottom of the second ash bucket 32 through the backwashing pipe 63 and the backwashing pipeline valve V3; when the liquid level in the second gray water bucket 32 exceeds the height of the overflow port, the water flows from the top of the second gray water bucket 32 and is discharged through the sewage valve V1 and the water discharge pipe 62, and a back flushing procedure is carried out.
During actual operation, the valves can be switched regularly to execute a back washing program, and the valves can be interlocked to realize automatic control.
If serious effusion and blockage occur in the tower and the liquid level stored in the tower is higher, a blowdown valve V1 can be opened firstly to discharge the effusion; when the liquid level in the tower is reduced to the height of the liquid level at the overflow port, the bypass valve V2 is closed, the back flushing pipeline valve V3 is opened, and back flushing water is introduced into the tower for back flushing.
As shown in fig. 1, the first ash bucket 31 is connected with a drainage backwash pipe 61, a first end of the drainage backwash pipe 61 is communicated with the top of the first ash bucket 31, a second end of the drainage backwash pipe 61 is communicated with the bottom of the first ash bucket 31, and a sewage discharge valve V1 and a bypass valve V2 are sequentially arranged on the drainage backwash pipe 61 along the direction from the first end to the second end; the drainage back-flushing pipe 61 is connected with a drainage pipe 62 and a back-flushing pipe 63, and the drainage pipe 62 is connected between the drainage valve V1 and the bypass valve V2; the backwash pipe 63 is connected between the bypass valve V2 and the second end of the discharge backwash pipe 61, and a backwash conduit valve V3 is provided on the backwash pipe 63.
In a normal operation state, the sewage discharge valve V1 is closed, the bypass valve V2 is opened, the backwash pipeline valve V3 is closed, and the collected sewage in the first gray water bucket 31 is continuously discharged out of the tower body from the bottom thereof.
When the water flow of the drain pipe 62 is slowed down or other signs of poor drainage occur, the sewage discharge valve V1 is opened, the bypass valve V2 is closed, the backwashing pipeline valve V3 is opened, and externally supplied backwashing water enters from the bottom of the first ash bucket 31 through the backwashing pipe 63 and the backwashing pipeline valve V3; when the liquid level of the first grey water bucket 31 exceeds the height of the overflow port, the water flow is discharged from the top of the first grey water bucket 31 through the sewage discharge valve V1 and the water discharge pipe 62, and a back flushing program is carried out.
During actual operation, the valves can be switched regularly to execute a back washing program, and the valves can be interlocked to realize automatic control.
If serious effusion and blockage occur in the tower and the liquid level stored in the tower is higher, a blowdown valve V1 can be opened firstly to discharge the effusion; when the liquid level in the tower is reduced to the height of the liquid level at the overflow port, the bypass valve V2 is closed, the back flushing pipeline valve V3 is opened, and back flushing water is introduced into the tower for back flushing.
When the dust removal device is used for treating high-temperature and high-humidity flue gas, after the flue gas is cooled, water vapor in the flue gas is separated out to form liquid and is collected by the first ash water bucket 31 and the second ash water bucket 32, so that the water vapor discharged along with the flue gas is reduced; the collected liquid water can be transported to the spraying device 20 through a pipeline to be used as spraying liquid for recycling.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the heat exchange medium in the temperature-increasing heat exchanger 90 and the heat exchange medium in the temperature-decreasing heat exchanger 70 flow in a circulating manner, that is, the heat exchange medium absorbs heat in the flue gas at the inlet of the dust-removing collecting tower 10, and then the heat exchange medium moves from the temperature-decreasing heat exchanger 70 to the temperature-increasing heat exchanger 90, and releases heat at the outlet of the wet-type electric dust-removing tower 81, so that the flue gas is heated before being discharged from the chimney of the wet-type electric dust-removing tower 81. Specifically, a circulating water pump 91 is installed between the warming heat exchanger 90 and the cooling heat exchanger 70 to drive the heat exchange medium to flow.
In one embodiment of the present invention, detection instruments for detecting temperature, pressure, flow rate and dust concentration are provided at the collecting tower inlet 101 and collecting tower outlet 102; the liquid level meter, the liquid level meter and the detection signal of the detection instrument are connected into the control system in the dust removal collecting tower 10, so that the process production conditions can be known conveniently, and the size of the annular channel 44 can be adjusted through the position adjusting mechanism 51 according to the change of the process production conditions, so that the resistance loss and the dust removal efficiency of the dust removal collecting tower 10 can be operated in an interlocking manner with the production process, and the dust removal efficiency can be improved.
The power of the flue gas flowing through the dust removal device can be provided by a dust removal fan; the dust extraction fan may be disposed before the collector tower inlet 101 or after the dust extraction tower outlet 812. The temperature-raising heat exchanger 90 and the temperature-lowering heat exchanger 70 may be plate-type structures or fin-tube structures. The heat exchange medium can adopt water; the circulating water quantity can be adjusted.
The dust removing device provided by the invention carries out first-stage pre-dust removal through cooling and spraying treatment, carries out second-stage pre-dust removal through the Venturi tube 40, then carries out first-stage fine dust removal through deep purification of an electric field area of the wet electric dust removing tower 81,the dust emission concentration can reach 5mg3The dust concentration reaches the ultra-low emission index. The multistage dust removal is adopted, the higher purification efficiency can be realized for the flue gas with high dust concentration, and the adaptability to the smoke dust is strong. The cooling treatment is combined with the spraying treatment, when the flue gas temperature at the inlet of the dust removal collecting tower 10 is higher or the fluctuation is larger, the influence on the final purification efficiency is smaller, the adaptability to the change of the flue gas working condition is strong, the blockage is not easy to occur, and the operation reliability of the system is high.
Example two
The invention provides a metallurgical flue gas dust removal method, which adopts the metallurgical flue gas dust removal device, and as shown in figure 6, the dust removal method comprises the following steps:
a spraying step, in which the dedusting collection tower 10 sprays the flue gas;
wet dust removal step, wet dust removal equipment 80 performs wet dust removal treatment on the flue gas.
When the dust removal method is used for treating flue gas, the flue gas is humidified and cooled through spraying treatment to reach a supersaturated state, and dust particles with larger particle sizes in the flue gas collide with water mist particles and are condensed to form large dust-containing liquid drops, so that the dust particles are promoted to be separated from the flue gas. Then, deep purification is carried out through a wet dust removal step, so that the dust emission concentration is further reduced, and the ultra-low emission index is achieved; because the flue gas is treated by spraying, the dust concentration is greatly reduced, and the flue gas is well infiltrated by water mist and is in a supersaturated state, thereby reducing the operation load of the wet dust removal step and being beneficial to ensuring the dust removal treatment efficiency and reliability.
Further, the dust removal method comprises the following steps: a cooling step, wherein the flue gas is subjected to cooling treatment; the cooling step is arranged before the spraying step. The smoke is reduced by cooling, the volume flow is reduced, and then the spraying treatment is carried out, so that the high-temperature and high-humidity smoke enters and is continuously and forcibly cooled. The flue gas is cooled firstly, so that moisture in the flue gas is condensed and separated out, and the flue gas reaches a supersaturated state in the spraying treatment process, and in the process, dust particles in the flue gas collide with water mist particles and are condensed to form large liquid drops containing dust, so that the dust particles are separated from the flue gas, and the purification efficiency is improved.
The above description is only a few embodiments of the present invention, and those skilled in the art can make various changes or modifications to the embodiments of the present invention according to the disclosure of the application document without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention.
Claims (17)
1. The utility model provides a metallurgical flue gas dust collector which characterized in that includes: the system comprises a dust collection tower and wet dust removal equipment, wherein flue gas sequentially passes through the dust collection tower and the wet dust removal equipment; at least one spraying device is arranged in the dedusting collection tower and is used for spraying flue gas.
2. The metallurgical flue gas dust removal device of claim 1, wherein the upper part of the dust removal collecting tower is provided with a collecting tower inlet, and the lower part of the dust removal collecting tower is provided with a collecting tower outlet.
3. The metallurgical flue gas dust removal device of claim 2, wherein a first ash water bucket and a flue gas communication mechanism are arranged in the dust removal collecting tower; the first grey water bucket is arranged below the spraying device and divides the dedusting collecting tower into an upper tower cavity and a lower tower cavity, and the first grey water bucket can receive spraying liquid of the spraying device and can prevent flue gas in the upper tower cavity from flowing to the lower tower cavity;
the flue gas in the upper tower cavity can flow into the lower tower cavity through the flue gas communication mechanism.
4. The metallurgical flue gas dust removal device of claim 3, wherein the flue gas communication means comprises a venturi tube.
5. The metallurgical flue gas dust removal device of claim 4, wherein the venturi tube is vertically disposed and extends through the first grey water bucket.
6. The metallurgical flue gas dust removal device of claim 4, wherein the venturi comprises a converging tube section and a throat section connected below the converging tube section, the inner diameter of the converging tube section gradually decreases from top to bottom, and the inner diameter of the throat section gradually increases from top to bottom.
7. The metallurgical flue gas dust removal device of claim 6, wherein the flue gas communication mechanism comprises a cone block structure arranged below the venturi tube, the cone block structure is provided with a conical surface, and an annular channel is arranged between the inner wall of the throat pipe section and the conical surface.
8. The metallurgical flue gas dust removal device of claim 7, wherein a position adjustment mechanism is connected to the cone block structure, and the position adjustment mechanism can drive the cone block structure to move up and down.
9. The metallurgical flue gas dust removal device of any one of claims 4 to 8, wherein the flue gas communication means comprises a plurality of venturi tubes distributed circumferentially about the axis of the dust collection column.
10. The metallurgical flue gas dust removal device of claim 3, wherein a second ash water bucket is arranged in the lower tower cavity, and the inner cavity of the second ash water bucket is gradually reduced from top to bottom;
the dust removal collecting tower comprises a drainage backwashing pipe, the first end of the drainage backwashing pipe is communicated with the top of the second ash bucket, the second end of the drainage backwashing pipe is communicated with the bottom of the second ash bucket, and a sewage discharge valve and a bypass valve are sequentially arranged on the drainage backwashing pipe along the direction from the first end to the second end;
the drainage backwashing pipe is connected with a drainage pipe and a backwashing pipe, and the drainage pipe is connected between the sewage discharge valve and the bypass valve;
the back flushing pipe is connected between the bypass valve and the second end of the drainage back flushing pipe, and a back flushing pipeline valve is arranged on the back flushing pipe.
11. The metallurgical flue gas dust removal device of claim 3, wherein the inner cavity of the first grey water bucket is gradually reduced from top to bottom;
the dust removal collecting tower comprises a drainage backwashing pipe, a first end of the drainage backwashing pipe is communicated with the top of the first ash bucket, a second end of the drainage backwashing pipe is communicated with the bottom of the first ash bucket, and a sewage discharge valve and a bypass valve are sequentially arranged on the drainage backwashing pipe along the direction from the first end to the second end;
the drainage backwashing pipe is connected with a drainage pipe and a backwashing pipe, and the drainage pipe is connected between the sewage discharge valve and the bypass valve;
the back flushing pipe is connected between the bypass valve and the second end of the drainage back flushing pipe, and a back flushing pipeline valve is arranged on the back flushing pipe.
12. The metallurgical flue gas dust removal device of any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein a cooling heat exchanger is arranged in the dust removal collecting tower, the cooling heat exchanger is used for absorbing heat of flue gas, and is arranged on one side of the spraying device, which is close to the collecting tower inlet of the dust removal collecting tower.
13. The metallurgical flue gas dust removal device of claim 1, wherein the wet dust removal equipment adopts a wet electric dust removal tower, and a power supply, an anode element and a cathode element are arranged in the wet electric dust removal tower; the lower part of the wet-type electric dust removal tower is provided with a dust removal tower inlet and a water outlet, and the upper part of the wet-type electric dust removal tower is provided with a dust removal tower outlet; and the inlet of the dust removal tower is communicated with the outlet of the collection tower of the dust removal collection tower.
14. The metallurgical flue gas dust removal device of claim 13, wherein a warming heat exchanger is arranged in the wet-type electric dedusting tower and used for transferring heat to flue gas, and the warming heat exchanger is close to the outlet of the dedusting tower.
15. The metallurgical flue gas dust removal device of claim 14, wherein a cooling heat exchanger is arranged in the dust removal collecting tower, and the cooling heat exchanger is arranged above the spray device and used for absorbing heat of flue gas;
and the heat exchange medium in the temperature rising heat exchanger and the heat exchange medium in the temperature reducing heat exchanger circularly flow.
16. A metallurgical flue gas dedusting method, characterized in that the metallurgical flue gas dedusting device of any one of claims 1-15 is adopted, and comprises the following steps:
spraying, namely spraying the flue gas by using a dust removal collecting tower;
and wet dust removal, wherein wet dust removal equipment performs wet dust removal treatment on the flue gas.
17. The metallurgical flue gas dust removal method of claim 16, comprising:
a cooling step, wherein the flue gas is subjected to cooling treatment; the cooling step is arranged before the spraying step.
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| CN201911249714.5A CN113019039A (en) | 2019-12-09 | 2019-12-09 | Metallurgical flue gas dust removal device and dust removal method |
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| CN201911249714.5A CN113019039A (en) | 2019-12-09 | 2019-12-09 | Metallurgical flue gas dust removal device and dust removal method |
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Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN204999932U (en) * | 2015-09-04 | 2016-01-27 | 江苏博际喷雾系统有限公司 | Primary smoke of converter low energy consumption semidry method dust pelletizing system |
| CN106731403A (en) * | 2016-12-31 | 2017-05-31 | 上海宝钢节能环保技术有限公司 | The flue gas high-efficiency low energy consumption dedusting of metallurgical slag processing procedure and device for deep cleaning |
| CN106731402A (en) * | 2016-12-31 | 2017-05-31 | 江苏博际环境工程科技有限公司 | Metallurgical Slag treatment flue gas wet type unsteady flow dedusting and wet electrostatic advanced purification system |
| CN211462590U (en) * | 2019-12-09 | 2020-09-11 | 中冶京诚工程技术有限公司 | Metallurgical flue gas dust removal device |
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2019
- 2019-12-09 CN CN201911249714.5A patent/CN113019039A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN204999932U (en) * | 2015-09-04 | 2016-01-27 | 江苏博际喷雾系统有限公司 | Primary smoke of converter low energy consumption semidry method dust pelletizing system |
| CN106731403A (en) * | 2016-12-31 | 2017-05-31 | 上海宝钢节能环保技术有限公司 | The flue gas high-efficiency low energy consumption dedusting of metallurgical slag processing procedure and device for deep cleaning |
| CN106731402A (en) * | 2016-12-31 | 2017-05-31 | 江苏博际环境工程科技有限公司 | Metallurgical Slag treatment flue gas wet type unsteady flow dedusting and wet electrostatic advanced purification system |
| CN211462590U (en) * | 2019-12-09 | 2020-09-11 | 中冶京诚工程技术有限公司 | Metallurgical flue gas dust removal device |
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