CN113018330A - 一种中成药感冒冲剂及其制作方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
一种中成药感冒冲剂及其制作方法，所述中成药感冒冲剂包括如下重量份数的原料：金银花提取物20‑30份、桔梗提取物5‑10份、牛蒡子干浸膏粉16‑20份、甘草流浸膏8‑10份、连翘连翘提取物6‑8份、薄荷冻干粉4‑6份、白糖5‑10份；本发明中成药感冒冲剂及其制作方法以纯中药材为原料提取有效成分混合制成感冒冲剂，相较于传统中成药其药效强，服用方便，起到调理体质，治疗感冒的作用，与常见西药相比，毒副作用小，使用限制大大降低。
Description
【技术领域】
本发明涉及中成药技术领域，具体为一种中成药感冒冲剂及其制作方法。
【背景技术】
感冒是一种中医病名，西医称为上呼吸道感染，普通感冒又称急性鼻咽炎，简称感冒，俗称“伤风”，是急性上呼吸道病毒感染中最常见病种；西医主要使用异丙托溴铵类和伪麻黄碱类药物治疗，病情严重的使用抗生素类药物治疗，异丙托溴铵对缓解流涕、打喷嚏有效，但导致患者黏液涕中带血丝不宜使用过多，伪麻黄碱使用条件苛刻，对高血压、冠心病、前列腺疾病、甲亢等患者副作用大不宜使用，特别是免疫力低的老人高血压、冠心病的患者较多，伪麻黄碱类药物使用受到了更大的局限；抗生素类药物滥用会引起菌群失调和破坏肠道先天免疫力，引起耐抗生素细菌感染。
中成药药效温和，副作用小，越来越受到重视，但是目前常见的感冒药的有效成分提取难度大，为起到有效的治疗，通常服用量相对较大，胶囊类药物一次用药少则数粒多则十几粒，冲剂类药物同样如此，这些都对用药体验造成了很大的影响，远不如西药服用简单、见效快。
由此可见，提供一种解决上述问题的中成药感冒冲剂及其制作方法是本领域亟需解决的问题。
【发明内容】
针对上述问题，本发明中成药感冒冲剂及其制作方法以纯中药材为原料提取有效成分混合制成感冒冲剂，相较于传统中成药其药效强，服用方便，起到调理体质，治疗感冒的作用，与常见西药相比，毒副作用小，使用限制大大降低。
为解决上述问题，本发明提出一种中成药感冒冲剂，所述中成药感冒冲剂包括如下重量份数的原料：金银花提取物20-30份、桔梗提取物5-10份、牛蒡子干浸膏粉16-20份、甘草流浸膏8-10份、连翘连翘提取物6-8份、薄荷冻干粉4-6份、白糖5-10份。
进一步的，所述成药感冒冲剂包括如下重量份数的原料：金银花提取物25份、桔梗提取物8份、牛蒡子干浸膏粉18份、甘草流浸膏9 份、连翘连翘提取物7份、薄荷冻干粉5份、白糖7份。
一种中成药感冒冲剂的制作方法，所述制作方法包括以下步骤：
步骤一：将金银花清洗、冷冻、干燥后粉碎，向粉末中加水萃取并过滤的提取液，将提取液分离并浓缩，之后用树脂吸附，合并洗脱液后干燥至膏状；
步骤二：将桔梗根清洗干燥处理后粉碎，置于超声波装置中，加入乙醇溶液进行超声萃取，得预处理的溶液，将经预处理的溶液置于超高压容器内，保持一定时间后泄除压力，浓缩、干燥，获得桔梗提取物；
步骤三：取牛蒡子粉碎，加乙醇回流提取合并提取液、滤过、离心分离，减压回收乙醇并浓缩成浸膏，减压干燥得干浸膏粉；
步骤四：取甘草浸膏加水不断搅拌，并加热使溶化，滤过，在滤液中缓缓加入乙醇，直至溶液中含乙醇量达65％左右，静置过夜，取出上清液，反复三次并合并提取液，滤过，回收乙醇，测定甘草酸含量后，加水与乙醇适量，使甘草酸和乙醇量均符合规定，加浓氨试液适量调节 pH值，静置，使澄清，取出上清液，滤过，即得。
步骤五：连翘中加入10倍量纯化水煎煮，滤过，得药液和药渣，药渣再加8倍量水煎煮，滤过，得药液，弃药渣，合并两次煎液并浓缩放凉，搅拌下加入乙醇冷藏，滤过，滤液回收乙醇至无醇味，浓缩放凉，冷藏48小时取出，过滤得药液，用水饱和正丁醇萃取3次，合并正丁醇萃取液，减压回收正丁醇，稠膏加水溶解，冷藏48小时取出，过滤滤液浓缩至稠膏，60℃减压干燥，粉碎，得连翘提取物；
步骤六：将薄荷叶的新鲜叶片烫水杀青，水煮至稍有清香气溢出时捞起，沥水摊凉，用打浆机制成浆液，用冷冻干燥机干燥至含水6％以下时取出，在零下10—30℃的环境下，粉碎成超细粉，并将超细粉制成颗粒制品；
步骤七：将金银花提取物、桔梗提取物、牛蒡子干浸膏粉、甘草流浸膏、连翘连翘提取物、薄荷冻干粉和白糖置于搅拌容器中，加水搅拌，混合充分后取出浓缩成浸膏，减压干燥得颗粒状冲剂。
进一步的，所述步骤一中萃取温度为40℃，压力为20Mpa，时间为 3h。
进一步的，所述步骤二中超声波装置频率50KHz，40℃的条件下进行超声萃取5min。
进一步的，所述步骤三中减压回收乙醇的温度为50～70℃，压强为0.06～0.08MPa浓缩至相对密度为1.10。
进一步的，所述步骤五中两次浓缩的相对密度分别为1.15和1.05，冷藏温度为5℃，在60℃环境下减压干燥。
再者，本发明中成药感冒冲剂及其制作方法以纯中药材为原料提取有效成分混合制成感冒冲剂，相较于传统中成药其药效强，服用方便，起到调理体质，治疗感冒的作用，与常见西药相比，毒副作用小，使用限制大大降低。
【具体实施方式】
本发明公开了一种中成药感冒冲剂及其制作方法，本领域技术人员可以借鉴本发明内容，适当改进工艺参数实现。特别需要指出的是，所有类似的替换和改动对本领域技术人员来说是显而易见的，它们都被视为包括在本发明中，本发明的方法及应用已经通过较佳实施例进行了描述，相关人员明显能在不脱离本发明内容和范围内对本发明所述的方法和应用进行改动或适当变更与组合，来实现和应用本发明技术。
为了进一步理解本发明，下面结合实施例对本发明进行详细说明。
本发明中成药感冒冲剂包括如下重量份数的原料：金银花提取物 20-30份、桔梗提取物5-10份、牛蒡子干浸膏粉16-20份、甘草流浸膏8-10份、连翘连翘提取物6-8份、薄荷冻干粉4-6份、白糖5-10 份。
优选的本发明中成药感冒冲剂包括如下重量份数的原料：金银花提取物25份、桔梗提取物8份、牛蒡子干浸膏粉18份、甘草流浸膏9 份、连翘连翘提取物7份、薄荷冻干粉5份、白糖7份。
金银花为忍冬科忍冬属植物忍冬、红腺忍冬、山银花或毛花柱忍冬的干燥花蕾或带初开的花，具有清热解毒，疏散风热的功效；含有挥发油、木犀草素、肌醇、黄酮类、肌醇、皂苷、鞣质等，分离出的绿原酸和异绿原酸是本品抗菌的主要成分；主治痈肿疔疮，外感风热，温病初起，热毒血痢。
桔梗是桔梗科桔梗属植物桔梗的干燥根，含多种皂苷，主要为桔梗皂苷，多种混合皂苷经完全水解所产生的皂苷元有桔梗皂苷元，远志酸，以及少量的桔梗酸。另外还含菊糖、植物甾醇等，具有宣肺，祛痰，利咽，排脓的功效。
牛蒡子为菊科牛蒡属植物牛蒡的干燥成熟果实，含牛蒡子苷、脂肪油、拉帕酚、维生素A、维生素B1及生物碱等，具有疏散风热，宣肺祛痰，利咽透疹，解毒消肿的功效；主治风热感冒，温病初起，麻疹不透，风疹瘙痒，痈肿疮毒，丹毒，痄腮喉痹。
连翘为木樨科连翘属植物连翘的干燥果实，含三萜皂苷，果皮含甾醇、连翘酚、生物碱、皂苷、齐墩果酸、香豆精类，还有丰富的维生素 P及少量挥发油；具有清热解毒，消肿散结，疏散风热的功效，主治疮痈肿毒，瘰疬痰核，风热外感，温病初起，热淋涩痛。
薄荷为唇形科薄荷属植物薄荷的地上部分，主含挥发油，油中主要成分为薄荷醇、薄荷酮、异薄荷酮、薄荷脑、薄荷酯类等多种成分，另含异端叶灵、薄荷糖苷及多种游离氨基酸等；具有疏散风热，清利头目，利咽透疹，疏肝行气的功效；主治风热感冒，温病初起，风热头痛，目赤多泪，咽喉肿痛，麻疹不透，风疹瘙痒，肝郁气滞、胸闷胁痛。
甘草为豆科甘草属植物植物，胀果甘草或光果甘草的干燥根和根茎。具有益气补中，润肺止咳，清热解毒，缓急止痛，调和药性的功效。主治脾虚倦怠，心虚悸动，咳嗽气喘，痈疽喉痹，药食中毒，脘腹、四肢挛急疼痛等。
所述中成药感冒冲剂的制作方法包括以下步骤：
步骤一：制备金银花提取物
准备原材料金银花，清洗，冷冻干燥，粉碎至10目，得金银花粉末；将所得的金银花粉末加入水，金银花粉末和水的质量比为1:10，然后进行萃取，萃取温度为40℃，压力为20Mpa，时间为3h，过滤，得初提取液；将所得的初提取液于分离釜中分离，收集上清液，浓缩至原体积的20％，再用树脂柱吸附，树脂柱通过60％的乙醇、50％的乙醇、 40％的乙醇分别洗脱；合并洗脱液，静置1h，过滤，得粗提取液；将所得的粗提取液在温度为30℃的环境中干燥5h，至膏状，得成品金银花提取物。
步骤二：制备桔梗提取物
将桔梗根清洗，在带排风电烘箱干燥处理后，粉碎，经200目筛选，将物料置于频率50KHz的超声波装置中，加入原料2倍的5％的乙醇溶液，于40℃的条件下进行超声萃取5min，得预处理的溶液，将经预处理的溶液置于超高压容器内，施加压力400Pa，在此压力下保持一定时间，然后泄除压力，浓缩、干燥，获得桔梗提取物。
步骤三：制备牛蒡子提取物
取牛蒡子粉碎，加70％乙醇回流提取2次，第一次加入10倍量，第二次加8倍量溶剂，每次回流提取2.0h，合并提取液，滤过，离心 (1000rpm,5min.)分离，减压回收乙醇(50～70℃、0.06～0.08MPa) 并浓缩至相对密度为1.10的浸膏，减压干燥得干浸膏粉。
步骤四：制作甘草流浸膏
取甘草浸膏加水不断搅拌，并加热使溶化，滤过，在滤液中缓缓加入85％乙醇，随加随搅拌，直至溶液中含乙醇量达65％左右，静置过夜，仔细取出上清液，遗留沉淀再加65％的乙醇，充分搅拌，静置过夜，取出上清液，沉淀再用65％乙醇提取一次，合并三次提取液，滤过，回收乙醇，测定甘草酸含量后，加水与乙醇适量，使甘草酸和乙醇量均符合规定，加浓氨试液适量调节pH值，静置，使澄清，取出上清液，滤过，即得。
步骤五：制备连翘提取物
向连翘中加入10倍量纯化水煎煮1.5小时，滤过，得药液，药渣再加8倍量水煎煮50min，滤过，得药液，弃药渣，合并两次煎液，浓缩至相对密度1.15(60℃)，放凉，搅拌下缓缓加入乙醇，使含醇量达 70％，冷藏(5℃)24小时，滤过，滤液回收乙醇至无醇味，浓缩至相对密度1.05(60℃)，放凉，冷藏(5℃)48小时，取出，滤过，得药液，用水饱和正丁醇萃取3次，合并正丁醇萃取液，减压回收正丁醇，稠膏加水溶解，冷藏(5℃)48小时，取出，滤过，滤液浓缩至稠膏，60℃减压干燥，粉碎，得连翘提取物。
步骤六：制作薄荷冻干粉
将薄荷叶的新鲜叶片烫水杀青，用90—100℃的水煮2—5分钟，稍有清香气溢出时捞起，沥水摊凉，用打浆机制成浆液，用冷冻干燥机干燥至含水6％以下时取出，在零下10—30℃的环境下，粉碎成200 目的超细粉，并将超细粉制成颗粒制品。
步骤七：将金银花提取物、桔梗提取物、牛蒡子干浸膏粉、甘草流浸膏、连翘连翘提取物、薄荷冻干粉和白糖置于搅拌容器中，加水搅拌，混合充分后取出浓缩成浸膏，减压干燥得颗粒状冲剂。
本发明中成药感冒冲剂及其制作方法以纯中药材为原料提取有效成分混合制成感冒冲剂，相较于传统中成药其药效强，服用方便，起到调理体质，治疗感冒的作用，与常见西药相比，毒副作用小，使用限制大大降低。
此外，应当理解，虽然本说明书按照实施方式加以描述，但并非每个实施方式仅包含一个独立的技术方案，说明书的这种叙述方式仅仅是为清楚起见，本领域技术人员应当将说明书作为一个整体，各实施例中的技术方案也可以经适当组合，形成本领域技术人员可以理解的其他实施方式。
Claims (7)
1.一种中成药感冒冲剂，其特征在于，所述中成药感冒冲剂包括如下重量份数的原料：金银花提取物20-30份、桔梗提取物5-10份、牛蒡子干浸膏粉16-20份、甘草流浸膏8-10份、连翘连翘提取物6-8份、薄荷冻干粉4-6份、白糖5-10份。
2.根据权利要求1所述的中成药感冒冲剂，其特征在于，所述成药感冒冲剂包括如下重量份数的原料：金银花提取物25份、桔梗提取物8份、牛蒡子干浸膏粉18份、甘草流浸膏9份、连翘连翘提取物7份、薄荷冻干粉5份、白糖7份。
3.一种应用于权利要求1所述中成药感冒冲剂的制作方法，其特征在于，所述制作方法包括以下步骤：
步骤一：将金银花清洗、冷冻、干燥后粉碎，向粉末中加水萃取并过滤的提取液，将提取液分离并浓缩，之后用树脂吸附，合并洗脱液后干燥至膏状；
步骤二：将桔梗根清洗干燥处理后粉碎，置于超声波装置中，加入乙醇溶液进行超声萃取，得预处理的溶液，将经预处理的溶液置于超高压容器内，保持一定时间后泄除压力，浓缩、干燥，获得桔梗提取物；
步骤三：取牛蒡子粉碎，加乙醇回流提取合并提取液、滤过、离心分离，减压回收乙醇并浓缩成浸膏，减压干燥得干浸膏粉；
步骤四：取甘草浸膏加水不断搅拌，并加热使溶化，滤过，在滤液中缓缓加入乙醇，直至溶液中含乙醇量达65％左右，静置过夜，取出上清液，反复三次并合并提取液，滤过，回收乙醇，测定甘草酸含量后，加水与乙醇适量，使甘草酸和乙醇量均符合规定，加浓氨试液适量调节pH值，静置，使澄清，取出上清液，滤过，即得。
步骤五：连翘中加入10倍量纯化水煎煮，滤过，得药液和药渣，药渣再加8倍量水煎煮，滤过，得药液，弃药渣，合并两次煎液并浓缩放凉，搅拌下加入乙醇冷藏，滤过，滤液回收乙醇至无醇味，浓缩放凉，冷藏48小时取出，过滤得药液，用水饱和正丁醇萃取3次，合并正丁醇萃取液，减压回收正丁醇，稠膏加水溶解，冷藏48小时取出，过滤滤液浓缩至稠膏，60℃减压干燥，粉碎，得连翘提取物；
步骤六：将薄荷叶的新鲜叶片烫水杀青，水煮至稍有清香气溢出时捞起，沥水摊凉，用打浆机制成浆液，用冷冻干燥机干燥至含水6％以下时取出，在零下10—30℃的环境下，粉碎成超细粉，并将超细粉制成颗粒制品；
步骤七：将金银花提取物、桔梗提取物、牛蒡子干浸膏粉、甘草流浸膏、连翘连翘提取物、薄荷冻干粉和白糖置于搅拌容器中，加水搅拌，混合充分后取出浓缩成浸膏，减压干燥得颗粒状冲剂。
4.根据权利要求3所述的中成药感冒冲剂制作方法，其特征在于，所述步骤一中萃取温度为40℃，压力为20Mpa，时间为3h。
5.根据权利要求3所述的中成药感冒冲剂制作方法，其特征在于，所述步骤二中超声波装置频率50KHz，40℃的条件下进行超声萃取5min。
6.根据权利要求3所述的中成药感冒冲剂制作方法，其特征在于，所述步骤三中减压回收乙醇的温度为50～70℃，压强为0.06～0.08MPa浓缩至相对密度为1.10。
7.根据权利要求3所述的中成药感冒冲剂制作方法，其特征在于，所述步骤五中两次浓缩的相对密度分别为1.15和1.05，冷藏温度为5℃，在60℃环境下减压干燥。
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