CN113016246A

CN113016246A - Corn stalk returning integrated deep ploughing fertilization and capping equipment

Info

Publication number: CN113016246A
Application number: CN202110331034.9A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 崔学军; 宋有洪; 李金鹏; 李金才; 崔文斌; 王志伟; 苏慧
Original assignee: Anhui Agricultural University AHAU
Current assignee: Anhui Agricultural University AHAU
Priority date: 2021-03-29
Filing date: 2021-03-29
Publication date: 2021-06-25
Anticipated expiration: 2041-03-29
Also published as: CN113016246B

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of corn straw returning, and particularly relates to a corn straw returning integrated deep ploughing fertilization capping device. The invention can carry out deep ploughing and straw application operations on soil, can adjust the application amount of straws, can adjust the pressing degree according to the usage amount of straws, and can carry out soil covering and soil compacting operations on the applied straws, thereby facilitating the returning of the straws to the field, reducing the difficulty of the straw returning operation and improving the straw returning efficiency.

Description

Corn stalk returning integrated deep ploughing fertilization and capping equipment

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of corn straw returning, in particular to deep ploughing fertilization and capping equipment integrating corn straw returning.

Background

The straw returning can increase soil organic matters, improve soil structure, loosen soil, increase porosity, reduce capacity and promote microbial activity and crop root development. The straw returning field is a soil fertility increasing and yield increasing measure which is generally regarded as important in the world at present, and has the functions of increasing fertilizer and increasing yield while avoiding atmospheric pollution caused by straw burning. The straw is required to be buried and covered with soil in the straw returning process, the covering operation of the covering soil is required to be carried out in order to avoid insufficient straw burying, the existing returning equipment is inconvenient to bury and insufficient in covering soil, and the corn straw returning integrated deep ploughing fertilization covering equipment is required for the purpose.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention provides a corn straw returning integrated deep ploughing fertilization and capping device, which solves the problems in the prior art.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:

a corn straw returning integrated deep ploughing fertilization and capping device comprises a connecting frame, wherein a horizontally arranged fixed plate is installed at the bottom of the connecting frame, a driving mechanism fixedly connected with the top of the fixed plate is installed at the bottom of the connecting frame, a supporting frame fixedly connected with the bottom of the fixed plate is installed at the bottom of the driving mechanism, a deep ploughing mechanism is installed at the bottom of the supporting frame, a hopper located at the top of the fixed plate is installed at one side of the supporting frame, a conveying pipe fixedly sleeved with the fixed plate is installed at the bottom of the hopper, and a straw pressing mechanism, an earth covering mechanism and an earth pressing mechanism which are connected with the bottom of the fixed plate are sequentially installed at one side, away;

the soil covering mechanism comprises a guide pipe fixedly connected with the bottom of the fixed plate, a push rod moving along the length direction of the guide pipe is sleeved on the inner ring at the bottom of the guide pipe in a sliding manner, a driving rod movably sleeved with the fixed plate is sleeved on the top of the push rod in a threaded manner, a sleeve is sleeved on the outer ring of one end of the push rod extending out of the guide pipe in a sliding manner, a material pressing plate arranged along the width direction of the fixed plate is fixedly connected with the bottom of the sleeve, a pull rod is hinged to the top of the sleeve, a cross rod positioned, the cross bar is connected with the push rod in a sliding way, one end of the cross bar close to the support frame is connected with a butt plate which is connected with the bottom of the fixed plate in a sliding way, the abutting plate is perpendicular to the fixed plate, one end of the abutting plate, which is far away from the cross rod, is abutted with a cam, a first rotating shaft is fixedly sleeved on the inner ring of the cam, and the first rotating shaft is fixedly connected with the bottom of the fixed plate through a bearing seat, and the outer ring of the first rotating shaft is provided with a first transmission unit connected with the driving mechanism.

Preferably, the deep ploughing mechanism comprises a second rotating shaft movably sleeved with the support frame, a fixing ring coaxially arranged with the second rotating shaft is mounted on the outer ring of the second rotating shaft, a connecting rod fixedly connected with the second rotating shaft is mounted on the inner ring of the fixing ring, and ploughing knives distributed along the axis array of the fixing ring are fixedly connected to the outer ring of the fixing ring.

Preferably, the soil breaking knife comprises a soil separating seat fixedly connected with an outer ring of the fixing ring, the soil breaking knife is installed on one side, away from the fixing ring, of the soil separating seat, the soil separating seat is of a triangular structure, the thickness of the soil separating seat gradually becomes thick along the counterclockwise direction of the fixing ring, the width of the soil separating seat gradually becomes narrow along the counterclockwise direction of the fixing ring, and the front end of the soil breaking knife is of a triangular structure.

Preferably, the driving mechanism comprises a butt joint shaft movably sleeved with the connecting frame, a first bevel gear is fixedly sleeved on an outer ring of the butt joint shaft, a second bevel gear is meshed with one side of the first bevel gear, a driving shaft is fixedly sleeved on an inner ring of the second bevel gear, a second rotating unit connected with the second rotating shaft is installed on the outer ring of the driving shaft, the driving shaft is connected with the first rotating unit, and the first driving unit and the second driving unit both adopt a chain and sprocket transmission structure.

Preferably, the earthing mechanism includes the extension rod with fixed plate bottom rigid coupling, and the bottom both sides rigid coupling of extension rod has the earthing board that is splayed and distributes, and the distance between two sets of earthing boards narrows down along the direction of earthing mechanism to soil compacting mechanism gradually.

Preferably, the soil compacting mechanism includes the buffer tube with fixed plate bottom rigid coupling, and the internally mounted of buffer tube has buffer spring, and buffer spring top and fixed plate bottom rigid coupling, buffer spring's bottom rigid coupling have with the buffer tube slip cup joint the movable rod, the rotation axis has been cup jointed in the activity of the one end that the movable rod stretches out the buffer tube, the outer lane of rotation axis is fixed to be cup jointed the soil compacting roller.

Preferably, the bottom of fixed plate sets up the spout that sets up along its length direction, spout and butt board top sliding connection, and the spring of concreteing with spout tip inside wall is installed to one side that the butt board stretched into the spout top.

Preferably, a fastening nut is sleeved on one end of the driving rod, which extends out of the top of the fixing plate, in a threaded manner, and a handle fixedly connected with the top of the driving rod is installed at the top of the fastening nut.

In the present invention,

through the link that sets up, the fixed plate, actuating mechanism, the hopper, the conveyer pipe, a supporting rack, deep ploughing mechanism, straw pressing means, earthing mechanism, the firming mechanism, the stand pipe, the actuating lever, the push rod, the horizontal pole, the sleeve, the flitch, butt joint board, the cam, pivot one, the pull rod, pivot two, solid fixed ring, the connecting rod, plough the sword, divide native seat and broken soil sword, this design can carry out deep ploughing to soil, apply the straw operation, can adjust the straw simultaneously and apply the quantity, press the material degree according to the adjustment of straw quantity, carry out earthing and firming operation to the straw of applying, make things convenient for the straw to return still field, reduce the still field operation degree of difficulty of straw, improve still field efficiency of.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of an integrated deep ploughing, fertilizing and capping device for returning corn stalks to fields according to the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a straw pressing mechanism of the deep ploughing, fertilizing and capping device for returning corn straws to the field;

FIG. 3 is a sectional view of a straw pressing mechanism of the deep ploughing, fertilizing and capping device for returning corn straws to the field;

FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of a deep ploughing mechanism of the corn stalk returning-to-field integrated deep ploughing fertilizer pressing cover device provided by the invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of a corn stalk returning integrated deep ploughing fertilizer pressing cover device ploughing knife provided by the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a schematic structural view of a ground breaking knife of the corn stalk returning-to-field integrated deep ploughing, fertilizing and capping equipment provided by the invention.

In the figure: the device comprises a connecting frame 1, a fixing plate 2, a driving mechanism 3, a hopper 4, a conveying pipe 5, a supporting frame 6, a deep ploughing mechanism 7, a straw pressing mechanism 8, a soil covering mechanism 9, a soil pressing mechanism 10, a guide pipe 21, a driving rod 22, a push rod 23, a cross rod 24, a sleeve 25, a material pressing plate 26, a butting plate 27, a cam 28, a rotating shaft I29, a pull rod 210, a rotating shaft II 31, a fixing ring 32, a connecting rod 33, a ploughing knife 34, a soil separating seat 35 and a soil breaking knife 36.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments.

Referring to fig. 1-6, a corn straw returning integrated deep ploughing fertilization capping device comprises a connecting frame 1, wherein a horizontally arranged fixed plate 2 is installed at the bottom of the connecting frame 1, a driving mechanism 3 fixedly connected with the top of the fixed plate 2 is installed at the bottom of the connecting frame 1, a supporting frame 6 fixedly connected with the bottom of the fixed plate 2 is installed at the bottom of the driving mechanism 3, a deep ploughing mechanism 7 is installed at the bottom of the supporting frame 6, a hopper 4 positioned at the top of the fixed plate 2 is installed at one side of the supporting frame 6, a conveying pipe 5 fixedly sleeved with the fixed plate 2 is installed at the bottom of the hopper 4, and a straw pressing mechanism 8, an earthing mechanism 9 and an earth pressing mechanism 10 which are connected with the bottom of the fixed plate 2 are sequentially;

further, the soil covering mechanism 9 comprises a guide pipe 21 fixedly connected with the bottom of the fixed plate 2, a push rod 23 moving along the length direction is slidably sleeved on the inner ring of the bottom of the guide pipe 21, a driving rod 22 movably sleeved with the fixed plate 2 is sleeved on the top of the push rod 23 in a threaded manner, a sleeve 25 is slidably sleeved on the outer ring of one end of the push rod 23 extending out of the guide pipe 21, a pressure plate 26 arranged along the width direction of the fixed plate 2 is fixedly connected with the bottom of the sleeve 25, a pull rod 210 is hinged on the top of the sleeve 25, a cross rod 24 positioned above the pull rod 210 is hinged on the other end of the pull rod 210, the cross rod 24 is slidably connected with the push rod 23, a butt plate 27 slidably connected with the bottom of the fixed plate 2 is slidably connected with one end of the cross rod 23 close to the support frame 6, the butt plate 27 is arranged perpendicular to the fixed plate 2, a, and the first rotating shaft 29 is fixedly connected with the bottom of the fixed plate 2 through a bearing seat, and a first transmission unit connected with the driving mechanism 3 is installed on the outer ring of the first rotating shaft 29.

Specifically, the deep ploughing mechanism 7 comprises a second rotating shaft 31 movably sleeved with the support frame 6, a fixing ring 32 coaxially arranged with the second rotating shaft 31 is mounted on the outer ring of the second rotating shaft 31, a connecting rod 33 fixedly connected with the second rotating shaft 31 is mounted on the inner ring of the fixing ring 32, and ploughing knives 34 distributed along the axis in an array manner are fixedly connected to the outer ring of the fixing ring 32.

Particularly, the tilling blade 34 includes a soil separating seat 35 fixedly connected to the outer ring of the fixing ring 32, a soil breaking blade 36 is mounted on a side of the soil separating seat 35 away from the fixing ring 32, the soil separating seat 35 is of a triangular structure, the thickness of the soil separating seat 35 gradually increases along the counterclockwise direction of the fixing ring 32, the width of the soil separating seat 35 gradually decreases along the counterclockwise direction of the fixing ring 32, and the front end of the soil breaking blade 36 is of a triangular structure.

It is worth to explain, actuating mechanism 3 includes the butt joint axle with link 1 activity cup joint, and the outer lane of butt joint axle is fixed to be cup jointed bevel gear one, and one side meshing of bevel gear one has bevel gear two, and the inner circle of bevel gear two is fixed to be cup jointed the driving shaft, and the driving shaft outer lane is installed and is connected with second rotating unit that 31 is connected of pivot, and the driving shaft is connected with first rotating unit, and transmission unit one and transmission unit two all adopt chain sprocket drive structure.

In addition, earthing mechanism 9 includes the extension rod with fixed plate 2 bottom rigid coupling, and the bottom both sides rigid coupling of extension rod has the earthing plate that is the splayed and distributes, and the distance between two sets of earthing plate narrows down along earthing mechanism 9 to soil compacting mechanism 10's direction gradually.

Besides, the soil compacting mechanism 10 comprises a buffer tube fixedly connected with the bottom of the fixed plate 2, a buffer spring is arranged in the buffer tube, the top of the buffer spring is fixedly connected with the bottom of the fixed plate 2, a movable rod slidably sleeved with the buffer tube is fixedly connected with the bottom of the buffer spring, a rotating shaft is movably sleeved at one end, extending out of the buffer tube, of the movable rod, and a soil compacting roller is fixedly sleeved on the outer ring of the rotating shaft.

Furthermore, the bottom of the fixed plate 2 is provided with a sliding groove arranged along the length direction of the fixed plate, the sliding groove is connected with the top of the abutting plate 27 in a sliding manner, and one side of the abutting plate 27 extending into the top of the sliding groove is provided with a spring fixedly connected with the inner side wall of the end part of the sliding groove.

It should be explained that a fastening nut is sleeved on the end of the driving rod 22 extending out of the top of the fixing plate 2, and a handle fixedly connected with the top of the driving rod 2 is installed on the top of the fastening nut.

The working principle is as follows: when the tractor is used, the connecting frame 1 is connected with traction equipment such as a tractor for traction through screws, the butt joint shaft is connected with the output end of the traction equipment, and when cultivation operation is carried out, the traction equipment carries out traction cultivation on the connecting frame 1;

in the farming process, the traction equipment drives the butt joint shaft to rotate, then the butt joint shaft drives the driving shaft to rotate under the drive of the bevel gear I and the bevel gear II, and the driving shaft drives the transmission unit I and the transmission unit II on the butt joint shaft to move, so that the rotating shaft II 31 and the rotating shaft I29 rotate;

when the second rotating shaft 31 rotates, the fixing ring 32 rotates along with the second rotating shaft, so that the tilling blade 34 starts to perform deep tilling operation on soil, firstly, the tip part of the front end of the soil breaking blade 36 separates the soil, then, the soil separating seat 35 pushes the broken soil to two sides, so that the soil is subjected to deep tilling and ditching operation, then, the soil is pushed to two sides of the top of the ditch, then, the straw on the hopper 4 is conveyed downwards into the ditch along the conveying pipe 5, and the conveying pipe 5 is provided with a valve for controlling the feeding amount;

then, the cam 28 on the rotating shaft 29 is driven to rotate along with the rotation of the rotating shaft I29, the cam 28 pushes the abutting plate 27 abutting against the cam 28 to reciprocate along the length direction of the fixing plate 2 when rotating, then the cross rod 24 is driven to move, the pull rod 210 on the cross rod 24 drives the sleeve 25 to reciprocate along the length direction of the push rod 23, so that the pressing plate 26 presses the thrown straw, when a valve on the conveying pipe 5 is adjusted, the throwing amount is controlled, at the moment, the driving rod 22 is rotated, the driving rod 22 drives the push rod 23 to move along the length direction of the guide pipe 21, the height of the push rod 23 is adjusted, the position of the lowest point of the pressing plate 26 on the push rod 23 is adjusted, the pressing degree is controlled, then the soil at the opening of the trench is pushed by the soil covering plate on the soil covering mechanism 9, and finally the soil covering mechanism 10;

this design can carry out deep ploughing, apply the straw operation to soil, can adjust the straw simultaneously and apply the quantity, presses the material degree according to the adjustment of straw quantity, carries out earthing and firming operation to the straw of applying, makes things convenient for the straw to carry out still field, reduces the still field operation degree of difficulty of straw, improves still field efficiency of straw.

In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", and the like, indicate orientations and positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are used only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, and do not indicate or imply that the equipment or element being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, should not be considered as limiting the present invention.

Furthermore, the terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless specifically defined otherwise.

The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art should be considered to be within the technical scope of the present invention, and the technical solutions and the inventive concepts thereof according to the present invention should be equivalent or changed within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a maize straw returning field integration deep ploughing fertilization gland equipment, includes link (1), its characterized in that, fixed plate (2) that the level set up are installed to the bottom of link (1), actuating mechanism (3) with fixed plate (2) top rigid coupling are installed to the bottom of link (1), support frame (6) with fixed plate (2) bottom rigid coupling are installed to the bottom of actuating mechanism (3), deep ploughing mechanism (7) are installed to the bottom of support frame (6), hopper (4) that are located fixed plate (2) top are installed to one side of support frame (6), conveyer pipe (5) that cup joint with fixed plate (2) are installed to the bottom of hopper (4), straw pressing mechanism (8) of being connected bottom fixed plate (2) are installed in proper order to one side that support frame (6) were kept away from in conveyer pipe (5), A soil covering mechanism (9) and a soil pressing mechanism (10);

the soil covering mechanism (9) comprises a guide pipe (21) fixedly connected with the bottom of a fixed plate (2), a push rod (23) moving along the length direction of the guide pipe is sleeved on the inner ring of the bottom of the guide pipe (21) in a sliding manner, a driving rod (22) movably sleeved with the fixed plate (2) is sleeved on the top of the push rod (23), a sleeve (25) is sleeved on the outer ring of one end, extending out of the guide pipe (21), of the push rod (23), a pressure plate (26) arranged along the width direction of the fixed plate (2) is fixedly connected with the bottom of the sleeve (25), a pull rod (210) is hinged on the top of the sleeve (25), a cross rod (24) positioned above the pull rod (210) is hinged on the other end of the pull rod (210), the cross rod (24) is connected with the push rod (23) in a sliding manner, one end, close to a support frame (6), of the cross rod (23) is connected with a butt plate, one end, far away from the cross rod (24), of the abutting plate (27) is abutted with a cam (28), the inner ring of the cam (28) is fixedly sleeved with a first rotating shaft (29), the first rotating shaft (29) is fixedly connected with the bottom of the fixed plate (2) through a bearing seat, and the outer ring of the first rotating shaft (29) is provided with a first transmission unit connected with the driving mechanism (3).

2. The corn stalk returning integrated deep ploughing, fertilizing and capping device as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the deep ploughing mechanism (7) comprises a second rotating shaft (31) movably sleeved with the support frame (6), a fixing ring (32) coaxially arranged with the second rotating shaft (31) is mounted on the outer ring of the second rotating shaft (31), a connecting rod (33) fixedly connected with the second rotating shaft (31) is mounted on the inner ring of the fixing ring (32), and ploughing knives (34) distributed along the axis array are fixedly connected to the outer ring of the fixing ring (32).

3. The corn straw returning-to-field integrated deep ploughing, fertilizing and capping device as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that the ploughing cutter (34) comprises a soil separating seat (35) fixedly connected with the outer ring of the fixing ring (32), a soil breaking cutter (36) is mounted on one side of the soil separating seat (35) far away from the fixing ring (32), the soil separating seat (35) is of a triangular structure, the thickness of the soil separating seat (35) gradually becomes thicker along the counterclockwise direction of the fixing ring (32), the width of the soil separating seat (35) gradually becomes narrower along the counterclockwise direction of the fixing ring (32), and the front end of the soil breaking cutter (36) is of a triangular structure.

4. The corn stalk returning integrated deep ploughing fertilizer application capping device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the driving mechanism (3) comprises a butt shaft movably sleeved with the connecting frame (1), a first bevel gear is fixedly sleeved on an outer ring of the butt shaft, a second bevel gear is meshed with one side of the first bevel gear, a driving shaft is fixedly sleeved on an inner ring of the second bevel gear, a second rotating unit connected with a second rotating shaft (31) is installed on an outer ring of the driving shaft, the driving shaft is connected with the first rotating unit, and the first driving unit and the second driving unit both adopt a chain and sprocket driving structure.

5. The corn stalk returning integrated deep ploughing, fertilizing and capping equipment as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the soil covering mechanism (9) comprises an extension rod fixedly connected with the bottom of the fixing plate (2), soil covering plates distributed in a splayed shape are fixedly connected with two sides of the bottom of the extension rod, and the distance between two groups of soil covering plates is gradually narrowed along the direction from the soil covering mechanism (9) to the soil pressing mechanism (10).

6. The corn straw returning field integrated deep ploughing fertilization capping device according to claim 1, wherein the soil compacting mechanism (10) comprises a buffer tube fixedly connected with the bottom of the fixing plate (2), a buffer spring is installed inside the buffer tube, the top of the buffer spring is fixedly connected with the bottom of the fixing plate (2), a movable rod slidably sleeved with the buffer tube is fixedly connected with the bottom of the buffer spring, a rotating shaft is movably sleeved at one end of the movable rod, which extends out of the buffer tube, and a soil compacting roller is fixedly sleeved on the outer ring of the rotating shaft.

7. The corn straw returning field integrated deep ploughing, fertilizing and capping device as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the bottom of the fixing plate (2) is provided with a chute arranged along the length direction thereof, the chute is slidably connected with the top of the abutting plate (27), and one side of the abutting plate (27) extending into the top of the chute is provided with a spring fixedly connected with the inner side wall of the end part of the chute.

8. The corn stalk returning integrated deep ploughing, fertilizing and capping device as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the end of the driving rod (22) extending out of the top of the fixed plate (2) is threaded and sleeved with a fastening nut, the top of which is mounted with a handle fixedly connected with the top of the driving rod (2).