CN113014063A - Output-adjustable low-temperature Dewar driven by superconductivity-permanent magnet - Google Patents
Output-adjustable low-temperature Dewar driven by superconductivity-permanent magnet Download PDFInfo
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- CN113014063A CN113014063A CN202110220828.8A CN202110220828A CN113014063A CN 113014063 A CN113014063 A CN 113014063A CN 202110220828 A CN202110220828 A CN 202110220828A CN 113014063 A CN113014063 A CN 113014063A
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- side transmission
- transmission disc
- dewar
- driven
- disc
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K49/00—Dynamo-electric clutches; Dynamo-electric brakes
- H02K49/10—Dynamo-electric clutches; Dynamo-electric brakes of the permanent-magnet type
- H02K49/104—Magnetic couplings consisting of only two coaxial rotary elements, i.e. the driving element and the driven element
- H02K49/108—Magnetic couplings consisting of only two coaxial rotary elements, i.e. the driving element and the driven element with an axial air gap
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
- F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
- F04D29/26—Rotors specially for elastic fluids
- F04D29/28—Rotors specially for elastic fluids for centrifugal or helico-centrifugal pumps for radial-flow or helico-centrifugal pumps
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
- F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
- F04D29/40—Casings; Connections of working fluid
- F04D29/42—Casings; Connections of working fluid for radial or helico-centrifugal pumps
- F04D29/4206—Casings; Connections of working fluid for radial or helico-centrifugal pumps especially adapted for elastic fluid pumps
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
- F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
- F04D29/60—Mounting; Assembling; Disassembling
- F04D29/62—Mounting; Assembling; Disassembling of radial or helico-centrifugal pumps
- F04D29/624—Mounting; Assembling; Disassembling of radial or helico-centrifugal pumps especially adapted for elastic fluid pumps
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K49/00—Dynamo-electric clutches; Dynamo-electric brakes
- H02K49/10—Dynamo-electric clutches; Dynamo-electric brakes of the permanent-magnet type
- H02K49/102—Magnetic gearings, i.e. assembly of gears, linear or rotary, by which motion is magnetically transferred without physical contact
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K55/00—Dynamo-electric machines having windings operating at cryogenic temperatures
- H02K55/02—Dynamo-electric machines having windings operating at cryogenic temperatures of the synchronous type
- H02K55/04—Dynamo-electric machines having windings operating at cryogenic temperatures of the synchronous type with rotating field windings
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Structures Of Non-Positive Displacement Pumps (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of cryogenic liquid storage and transportation, and discloses a superconducting-permanent magnet driven output adjustable cryogenic dewar which comprises a dewar body and a pumping mechanism, wherein the pumping mechanism comprises a volute, an impeller, a driven side transmission disc, a driving side transmission disc and a cryogenic liquid output pipeline with a valve, and the impeller is in transmission connection with the driven side transmission disc; the lower part of the inner side wall of the Dewar body is fixedly provided with a central shaft, a driven side transmission disc is rotationally connected to the central shaft through a bearing, and the volute covers the impeller and the driven side transmission disc and is fixedly connected with the inner side wall of the Dewar body; the driving side transmission disc is arranged at the position, corresponding to the driven side transmission disc, of the outer side of the Dewar body, and the driving side transmission disc drives the driven side transmission disc to rotate through non-contact magnetic transmission. The beneficial effect of this application does: the structure is simple and reasonable, the energy consumption is low, the transmission loss is less, the response speed is high, and the output quantity is adjustable.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of cryogenic liquid storage and transportation, in particular to an output adjustable cryogenic dewar driven by superconductivity-permanent magnetism.
Background
Both low-temperature clean energy (such as liquid hydrogen and liquefied natural gas) and low-temperature cooling media (such as liquid helium and liquid nitrogen) required by scientific research of superconducting devices and the like, low-temperature liquid products (liquid neon and liquid argon) in the production processes of petroleum, air separation and chemical engineering, low-temperature propellants (liquid hydrogen and liquid oxygen) of aerospace aircrafts and the like need to be stored in a low-temperature liquid storage container Dewar, and the low-temperature liquid is assisted to finish the output of the low-temperature liquid in the production, transportation, storage and use processes by matching with a pumping device.
In the small and medium-sized cryogenic liquid storage and transportation occasions, the pumping device of the traditional cryogenic dewar mostly adopts a cryogenic liquid pump with a pump-machine separation type structure, namely, an external constant temperature end motor is coupled and connected with a low temperature end pump body in the dewar through a long shaft. This structure has two problems: the long shaft coupling structure causes heat leakage of the system, and faults are frequent (due to different thermal expansion coefficients of materials, the coaxiality of the motor and the pump body in a low-temperature environment is difficult to ensure); and sealing difficulties (providing a leak-free rotary seal where the shaft passes through is difficult due to the large temperature difference between the inside and outside of the pump body). Therefore, the manufacturing and production difficulty of the Dewar is higher, and the loss is also higher in use.
In addition, in small-sized occasions such as scientific research devices and laboratory cooling equipment, the output of the traditional Dewar with the pumping device is large due to the small use amount, and the traditional Dewar is not generally adopted. Dewars without pumps are commonly used in such fields, and in particular applications, cryogenic liquids are transferred from a vessel to laboratory equipment by direct manual pouring or by use of cryogenic dewar vessel pressure. The safety is poorer due to direct manual dumping; the need to provide a pressure source to the dewar for the cryogenic liquid to be delivered by means of the internal pressure of the dewar, such as a thermal element inside an external cylinder or reservoir, is also difficult to regulate the delivery rate and head of the cryogenic liquid, does not allow a fast time response, and produces flash losses of the cryogenic liquid during use.
In summary, there is a need to provide a dewar with low transmission loss and adjustable output.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a superconductive-permanent magnet driven output adjustable low-temperature Dewar with a reasonable structure.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention is implemented according to the following technical scheme: an output-adjustable low-temperature Dewar driven by superconductivity and permanent magnetism comprises a Dewar body and a pumping mechanism, wherein the pumping mechanism comprises a volute, an impeller, a driven side transmission disc, a driving side transmission disc and a low-temperature liquid output pipeline with a valve, and the impeller is in transmission connection with the driven side transmission disc; the lower part of the inner side wall of the Dewar body is fixedly provided with a central shaft, a driven side transmission disc is rotationally connected to the central shaft through a bearing, and the volute covers the impeller and the driven side transmission disc and is fixedly connected with the inner side wall of the Dewar body; the driving side transmission disc is arranged at the position, corresponding to the driven side transmission disc, on the outer side of the Dewar body, the driving side transmission disc drives the driven side transmission disc to rotate through non-contact magnetic transmission, one end of the low-temperature liquid output pipeline with the valve is connected with the volute outlet, and the other end and the valve on the low-temperature liquid output pipeline with the valve are arranged outside the Dewar body; the Dewar body wall between the driving side transmission disc and the driven side transmission disc is made of magnetic conduction and non-electric conduction materials, and the thickness of the Dewar body wall between the driving side transmission disc and the driven side transmission disc is smaller than that of an air gap between the driving side transmission disc and the driven side transmission disc.
Preferably, the driving side transmission disc comprises a driving motor and a permanent magnetic disc, and the permanent magnetic disc is formed by circumferentially arranging a plurality of magnetic gathering type magnetic poles; the driving motor is used for driving the permanent magnetic disk to rotate; the driven side transmission disc is an annular superconducting disc.
Preferably, the driving side transmission disc is a stator disc with a symmetrical three-phase alternating current winding, and the driven side transmission disc is an annular superconducting disc.
Preferably, the annular superconducting disk is an integral disk body structure made of superconducting materials or a disk body structure formed by circumferentially arranging a plurality of superconducting blocks, and the superconducting blocks are pre-magnetized and the magnetic poles of the adjacent superconducting blocks are opposite in direction. In practical application, the low-temperature liquid medium in the dewar can directly provide a cooling condition for the transmission disc at the driven side, and the performance of the annular superconducting disc can be ensured without additionally providing a special cooling system; meanwhile, the transmission disc on the driven side is made of superconducting materials, so that the transmission torque and the pumping power of the pumping mechanism can be improved, the power loss is reduced, and the energy is effectively saved.
Preferably, the magnetic conductive and non-conductive material is epoxy resin or reinforced glass fiber. In order to ensure the heat preservation of the dewar body, the dewar body wall of the region where the magnetic conductive and non-conductive material is located has the same vacuum sandwich structure as other regions, and in the specific application, the material is not limited to the epoxy resin or the reinforced glass fiber material, and other magnetic conductive and non-conductive low temperature resistant materials can be used.
Preferably, the outer wall of the Dewar body is fixedly provided with a buckling device for limiting and positioning the transmission disc at the driving side. The buckle device can adopt a conventional annular baffle structure or a multi-claw clamping and embedding structure matched with the driving side transmission disc, and the buckle structure can quickly position and install the driving side transmission disc and can limit the driving side transmission disc from deviating; on the other hand, can dismantle fast to realize that a plurality of dewar bodies of this application adopt same initiative side transmission dish, effectively practice thrift space and cost, and realize substitutability and commonality.
The working principle of this application does: the transmission disc on the driving side can generate a rotating magnetic field under the driving of the driving motor or after three-phase current is introduced, and then interacts with the transmission disc on the driven side to drive the transmission disc on the driven side to rotate so as to drive the impeller to rotate, so that work is applied to the low-temperature liquid, the kinetic energy of the low-temperature liquid is converted into potential energy, and the potential energy flows out through the low-temperature liquid output pipeline at certain pressure. The driven side transmission disc is made of superconducting materials, so that the low-temperature environment provided by the low-temperature liquid in the Dewar body can be effectively utilized to ensure the superconducting performance, the energy conversion efficiency can be improved, the power loss is reduced, and the energy is saved effectively.
Be located not only to be equipped with the valve on the outside cryogenic liquids output pipeline of dewar body, generally still be equipped with various monitoring instrument, state monitoring instrument such as flowmeter, pressure gauge. In addition, the external low-temperature liquid can be recycled into the Dewar or the low-temperature liquid in the Dewar can be conveyed to the outside by controlling the steering of the rotating magnetic field generated by the driving side transmission disc. The pumping head and the flow can be adjusted by controlling the rotating speed of the rotating magnetic field generated by the transmission disc at the driving side.
The beneficial effect of this application does: the output torque of the rotating magnetic field under the external room temperature environment is transmitted to the centrifugal pump impeller in the low-temperature dewar in a non-contact manner by integrating the superconducting-permanent magnet driving device in the low-temperature dewar and utilizing the magnetic coupling transmission technology. The heat loss generated by a submerged motor arranged in a traditional low-temperature Dewar or a container is avoided, and the heat leakage problem and the low-temperature rotary dynamic sealing problem caused by a long shaft structure are eliminated. By controlling the rotating speed and the rotating direction of the rotating magnetic field at the driving side, the pumping lift and the flow can be adjusted, and the low-temperature dewar can store, convey or recover low-temperature liquid with high efficiency, quick response and no leakage. In addition, a superconducting material is adopted on a driven side transmission disc of the superconducting-permanent magnetic driver, and the low-temperature liquid in the Dewar directly provides cooling conditions for the superconductor; no special cooling system is required to be provided for the superconductor; meanwhile, the transmission torque and the pumping power of the pumping mechanism can be improved, the transmission loss is reduced, and the vaporization loss of low-temperature liquid in the Dewar can be reduced.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of embodiment 1 of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a partially enlarged view of a portion a of fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the permanent magnet disc in fig. 2.
Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of embodiment 2 of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a partially enlarged view of fig. 4 at B.
Fig. 6 is a schematic view of one of the structures of the annular conductor disc of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is another schematic diagram of the annular conductor disk of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further described with reference to the drawings and specific embodiments, which are illustrative of the invention and are not to be construed as limiting the invention.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, the output-adjustable cryogenic dewar driven by superconducting permanent magnet comprises a dewar body 1 and a pumping mechanism, wherein the pumping mechanism comprises a volute 2, an impeller 3, a driven-side transmission disc 4, a driving-side transmission disc 5 and a cryogenic liquid output pipeline 6 with a valve, and the impeller is in transmission connection with the driven-side transmission disc; a central shaft 7 is fixedly arranged at the lower part of the inner side wall of the Dewar body, a driven side transmission disc is rotatably connected to the central shaft through a bearing 8, and the volute is covered on the impeller and the driven side transmission disc and is fixedly connected with the inner side wall of the Dewar body; the driving side transmission disc is arranged at the position, corresponding to the driven side transmission disc, on the outer side of the Dewar body, the driving side transmission disc drives the driven side transmission disc to rotate through non-contact magnetic transmission, one end of the low-temperature liquid output pipeline with the valve is connected with the volute outlet, and the other end and the valve on the low-temperature liquid output pipeline with the valve are arranged outside the Dewar body; dewar body wall 9 between the driving side transmission disc and the driven side transmission disc is made of magnetic conduction and non-electric conduction materials, and the thickness of Dewar body wall 9 between the driving side transmission disc and the driven side transmission disc is smaller than the thickness of an air gap between the driving side transmission disc and the driven side transmission disc.
The outer wall of the Dewar body is fixedly provided with a buckle device 10 used for limiting and positioning the transmission disc at the driving side. In this embodiment, the snap device adopts an annular retainer ring structure.
The driving side transmission disc comprises a driving motor 502 and a permanent magnetic disc 501, the permanent magnetic disc is clamped and embedded in a clamping device, and the clamping device does not interfere with the rotation of the permanent magnetic disc. As shown in fig. 3, the permanent magnetic disk 501 is a magnetic flux concentration type permanent magnetic disk, and is formed by circumferentially arranging a plurality of magnetic flux concentration type magnetic poles, and each magnetic flux concentration type magnetic pole is formed by a permanent magnet 5011 and a magnetic flux concentration element 5012; more specifically, a plurality of permanent magnets 5011 which are magnetized in parallel are arranged on the magnetism-gathering permanent magnetic disk at intervals in the circumferential direction, and a magnetism-gathering element 5012 is arranged between every two adjacent permanent magnets; the two side surfaces of each permanent magnet are respectively provided with opposite magnetic poles, the two magnetic poles of each permanent magnet are respectively provided with the same polarity with the opposite surface of the other permanent magnet adjacent to the magnetic poles, and the arrow direction in fig. 3 is the magnetization direction of the permanent magnet; the driving motor is used for driving the permanent magnetic disk to rotate; the driven side transmission disc is an annular superconducting disc.
As shown in fig. 6, when the annular superconducting disk is an integral disk structure made of superconducting material, asynchronous magnetic transmission is formed between the driving-side transmission disk and the driven-side transmission disk.
As shown in fig. 7, when the annular conductor disk is a disk structure formed by a plurality of superconducting bulk materials arranged in the circumferential direction, the superconducting bulk materials are pre-magnetized and the magnetic poles of the adjacent superconducting bulk materials are opposite in direction. In this case, a synchronous magnetic transmission is formed between the driving-side transmission disk and the driven-side transmission disk.
Under the two conditions, when the permanent magnetic disk is driven to rotate by the driving motor, due to the interaction of magnetic fields, the output torque of the driving motor is transmitted to the driven side transmission disk in a non-contact manner by the permanent magnetic disk, so that the driven side transmission disk rotates to drive the impeller to rotate, and further pumping of low-temperature liquid is realized.
Example 2
As shown in fig. 4 and 5, the output-adjustable cryogenic dewar driven by superconducting permanent magnet comprises a dewar body 1 and a pumping mechanism, wherein the pumping mechanism comprises a volute 2, an impeller 3, a driven-side transmission disc 4, a driving-side transmission disc 5 and a cryogenic liquid output pipeline 6 with a valve, and the impeller is in transmission connection with the driven-side transmission disc; a central shaft 7 is fixedly arranged at the lower part of the inner side wall of the Dewar body, a driven side transmission disc is rotatably connected to the central shaft through a bearing 8, and the volute is covered on the impeller and the driven side transmission disc and is fixedly connected with the inner side wall of the Dewar body; the driving side transmission disc is arranged at the position, corresponding to the driven side transmission disc, on the outer side of the Dewar body, the driving side transmission disc drives the driven side transmission disc to rotate through non-contact magnetic transmission, one end of the low-temperature liquid output pipeline with the valve is connected with the volute outlet, and the other end and the valve on the low-temperature liquid output pipeline with the valve are arranged outside the Dewar body; the Dewar body wall 9 between the driving side transmission disc and the driven side transmission disc is made of magnetic conduction and non-electric conduction materials, and the thickness of the Dewar body wall between the driving side transmission disc and the driven side transmission disc is smaller than that of an air gap between the driving side transmission disc and the driven side transmission disc.
The outer wall of the Dewar body is fixedly provided with a buckle device 10 used for limiting and positioning the transmission disc at the driving side. In this embodiment, the snap device adopts an annular retainer ring structure.
The driving side transmission disc 5 is a stator disc with a symmetrical three-phase alternating current winding, and in specific application, a stator disc or a similar structure of an axial disc type flux motor in the prior art can be adopted, and three-phase alternating current is introduced during application; the driving side transmission disc is clamped and fixed in the clamping device. The driven side transmission disc is an annular superconducting disc.
As shown in fig. 6, when the annular superconducting disk is an integral disk structure made of superconducting material, asynchronous magnetic transmission is formed between the driving-side transmission disk and the driven-side transmission disk.
As shown in fig. 7, when the annular conductor disk is a disk structure formed by a plurality of superconducting bulk materials arranged in the circumferential direction, the superconducting bulk materials are pre-magnetized and the magnetic poles of the adjacent superconducting bulk materials are opposite in direction. In this case, a synchronous magnetic transmission is formed between the driving-side transmission disk and the driven-side transmission disk.
Under the two conditions, when three-phase alternating current is introduced into the transmission disc on the driving side, a rotating magnetic field can be generated, and due to the interaction of the magnetic field, the transmission disc on the driven side rotates to drive the impeller to rotate, so that pumping of low-temperature liquid is realized.
The technical solution of the present invention is not limited to the limitations of the above specific embodiments, and all technical modifications made according to the technical solution of the present invention fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. An output-adjustable low-temperature Dewar driven by superconductivity and permanent magnetism comprises a Dewar body and is characterized by further comprising a pumping mechanism, wherein the pumping mechanism comprises a volute, an impeller, a driven side transmission disc, a driving side transmission disc and a low-temperature liquid output pipeline with a valve, and the impeller is in transmission connection with the driven side transmission disc; the lower part of the inner side wall of the Dewar body is fixedly provided with a central shaft, a driven side transmission disc is rotationally connected to the central shaft through a bearing, and the volute covers the impeller and the driven side transmission disc and is fixedly connected with the inner side wall of the Dewar body; the driving side transmission disc is arranged at the position, corresponding to the driven side transmission disc, on the outer side of the Dewar body, the driving side transmission disc drives the driven side transmission disc to rotate through non-contact magnetic transmission, one end of the low-temperature liquid output pipeline with the valve is connected with the volute outlet, and the other end and the valve on the low-temperature liquid output pipeline with the valve are arranged outside the Dewar body; the Dewar body wall between the driving side transmission disc and the driven side transmission disc is made of magnetic conduction and non-electric conduction materials, and the thickness of the Dewar body wall between the driving side transmission disc and the driven side transmission disc is smaller than that of an air gap between the driving side transmission disc and the driven side transmission disc.
2. The output-tunable cryogenic dewar driven by a superconducting-permanent magnet according to claim 1, wherein the driving side transmission disk comprises a driving motor and a permanent magnet disk, and the permanent magnet disk is composed of a plurality of magnetic flux concentration type magnetic poles arranged circumferentially; the driving motor is used for driving the permanent magnetic disk to rotate; the driven side transmission disc is an annular superconducting disc.
3. The output tunable cryogenic dewar of claim 1 wherein the driving side transmission plate is a stator plate with symmetrical three phase ac windings and the driven side transmission plate is an annular superconducting plate.
4. The output-adjustable cryogenic dewar driven by a superconductor and a permanent magnet according to claim 2 or 3, wherein the annular superconducting disk is an integral disk structure made of a superconductor material or a disk structure formed by a plurality of superconducting blocks arranged circumferentially, the superconducting blocks are pre-magnetized, and the magnetic poles of the adjacent superconducting blocks are opposite in direction.
5. The output-tunable low-temperature dewar driven by a superconductor and a permanent magnet according to claim 4, wherein the magnetic conductive and non-conductive material is epoxy resin or reinforced glass fiber.
6. The output-adjustable cryogenic dewar driven by a superconducting permanent magnet according to claim 5, wherein a fastening device for limiting and positioning the driving side transmission disk is fixedly arranged on the outer wall of the dewar body.
Priority Applications (1)
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CN202110220828.8A CN113014063A (en) | 2021-02-26 | 2021-02-26 | Output-adjustable low-temperature Dewar driven by superconductivity-permanent magnet |
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CN202110220828.8A CN113014063A (en) | 2021-02-26 | 2021-02-26 | Output-adjustable low-temperature Dewar driven by superconductivity-permanent magnet |
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Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN2065098U (en) * | 1990-02-26 | 1990-11-07 | 徐元星 | Magnetic mixing drum |
CN105141089A (en) * | 2015-09-15 | 2015-12-09 | 清华大学 | Magnetic fluid momentum sphere |
CN207195206U (en) * | 2017-07-07 | 2018-04-06 | 卒进科学仪器(上海)有限公司 | Suitable for the cryogenic liquid extraction element of long distance delivery |
CN108696095A (en) * | 2018-05-18 | 2018-10-23 | 陕西师范大学 | A kind of high-temperature superconductor non-contact transmission mechanism |
-
2021
- 2021-02-26 CN CN202110220828.8A patent/CN113014063A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN2065098U (en) * | 1990-02-26 | 1990-11-07 | 徐元星 | Magnetic mixing drum |
CN105141089A (en) * | 2015-09-15 | 2015-12-09 | 清华大学 | Magnetic fluid momentum sphere |
CN207195206U (en) * | 2017-07-07 | 2018-04-06 | 卒进科学仪器(上海)有限公司 | Suitable for the cryogenic liquid extraction element of long distance delivery |
CN108696095A (en) * | 2018-05-18 | 2018-10-23 | 陕西师范大学 | A kind of high-temperature superconductor non-contact transmission mechanism |
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