CN113013914A - Wind-solar-diesel-storage island micro-grid control method and system - Google Patents
Wind-solar-diesel-storage island micro-grid control method and system Download PDFInfo
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/38—Arrangements for parallely feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
- H02J3/381—Dispersed generators
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/28—Arrangements for balancing of the load in a network by storage of energy
- H02J3/32—Arrangements for balancing of the load in a network by storage of energy using batteries with converting means
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/38—Arrangements for parallely feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
- H02J3/46—Controlling of the sharing of output between the generators, converters, or transformers
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- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
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- Y02E10/56—Power conversion systems, e.g. maximum power point trackers
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- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
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- Y02E10/76—Power conversion electric or electronic aspects
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- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E70/00—Other energy conversion or management systems reducing GHG emissions
- Y02E70/30—Systems combining energy storage with energy generation of non-fossil origin
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Abstract
The invention provides a wind-solar-diesel-storage island micro-grid control method and system. The microgrid system comprises a wind power generation system, a photovoltaic power generation system, a diesel generator system, an energy storage system and a load which are respectively connected to a microgrid bus. The system also includes a controller configured to: the total output power of the wind power generation system, the photovoltaic power generation system and the diesel generator system is compared with the load power, and the service life of the energy storage system is prolonged by restricting the charge quantity and the output voltage of the energy storage system based on the comparison result of the total output power and the load power. And when the diesel generator system normally operates, controlling the diesel generator system to continuously operate, and performing minimum operation power constraint control on the diesel generator system.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of micro-grids, and particularly relates to a control method of a wind-solar-diesel-storage island micro-grid.
Background
The existing microgrid coordinated control method comprises microgrid control in a grid-connected state, an off-grid state and a conversion process, and relates to distributed power supply and load control, and the control method needs to give consideration to safety, stability and economy.
In the existing microgrid coordinated control method, the number of island microgrid coordinated control methods is small, and related control methods are mainly developed from the aspects of frequency modulation and voltage regulation. Regarding the island-type microgrid power control method, only an approximate control method is provided, and the specific measures of wind, light power generation control and energy storage charging and discharging control are less researched. The charge and discharge constraint conditions of the energy storage battery mostly only consider the charge quantity constraint conditions, but ignore the voltage constraint conditions.
In addition, in the prior art, a control method for a diesel generator of a wind, light, diesel and storage island type microgrid generally controls the diesel generator to repeatedly start and stop according to a relation between output power and load of a distributed power supply. The control method has the disadvantages that after the diesel generator is started in a no-load mode, the diesel generator is merged into the microgrid bus, the synchronous requirements of voltage and frequency between the diesel generator and the microgrid bus need to be met at the moment of grid connection, and otherwise, voltage oscillation of the microgrid bus occurs.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a control method for an island micro-grid, which can ensure the long-term stable and economic operation of the island micro-grid and provide a power solution for remote areas such as islands, pastoral areas and the like. The invention provides a specific control method for wind power generation and photovoltaic power generation according to the characteristics of the wind power generation and the photovoltaic power generation; for the charging and discharging conditions of the energy storage battery, the charge quantity constraint is considered, and meanwhile, the output voltage constraint of the battery is also considered, so that the loss of the energy storage battery is reduced; carrying out load management in due time according to the system power condition; and according to the fault condition of the diesel generator, the energy storage system is controlled so as to further ensure the stable operation of the island micro-grid.
According to one aspect of the invention, a wind-solar-diesel-storage type island microgrid system is provided and comprises a wind power generation system, a photovoltaic power generation system, a diesel generator system, an energy storage system and a load which are respectively connected to a microgrid bus. The system also includes a controller configured to: the total output power of the wind power generation system, the photovoltaic power generation system and the diesel generator system is compared with the load power, and the service life of the energy storage system is prolonged by restricting the charge quantity and the output voltage of the energy storage system based on the comparison result of the total output power and the load power. And when the diesel generator system normally operates, controlling the diesel generator system to continuously operate, and performing minimum operation power constraint control on the diesel generator system.
In an islanded microgrid system, the controller may be further configured to: when the sum of the total output power and the discharge power of the energy storage system is smaller than the load power, cutting off part of the load; and when the total output power is greater than the sum of the load power and the charging power of the energy storage system, performing power limit control on the wind power generation system and the photovoltaic power generation system.
In an island microgrid system, when the diesel generator system is operating normally, the diesel generator system may operate in a U/f mode as a voltage and frequency support for the island microgrid, and the wind power generation system, photovoltaic power generation system and energy storage system may operate in a PQ mode.
In an island micro-grid system, when power limiting control is carried out on a wind power generation system and a photovoltaic power generation system, the power of the photovoltaic power generation system can be limited firstly.
In an island micro-grid system, when the diesel generator system fails, the diesel generator system can stop running, and the working mode of the energy storage system can be converted into a U/f mode to be used as a voltage and frequency support of an island micro-grid.
In an islanded microgrid system, constraints on the energy storage system include: when the total output power is larger than the load power, the state of charge of the battery can be limited to be smaller than 0.9 times of the maximum value of the state of charge, and the voltage of the energy storage battery is smaller than the maximum voltage.
The constraining of the energy storage system further comprises: when the charging power of the energy storage system exceeds the maximum charging power, the wind power generation system and the photovoltaic power generation system can be controlled in a power limiting mode.
In an islanded microgrid system, constraints on the energy storage system may include: and when the total output power is smaller than the load power, limiting the state of charge of the battery to be larger than 1.1 times of the minimum value of the state of charge, and enabling the voltage of the energy storage battery to be larger than the minimum voltage.
The constraining of the energy storage system further comprises: and when the discharge power of the energy storage system exceeds the maximum discharge power, cutting off part of the load.
According to another aspect of the invention, a control device for a wind-solar-diesel-storage island microgrid system is provided, wherein the microgrid system comprises a wind power generation system, a photovoltaic power generation system, a diesel generator system, an energy storage system and a load which are respectively connected to a microgrid bus. The control device includes: the total power control module compares the total output power of the wind power generation system, the photovoltaic power generation system and the diesel generator system with the load power; the energy storage system constraint module is used for constraining the charge quantity and the output voltage of the energy storage system to prolong the service life of the energy storage system based on the comparison result of the total output power and the load power; and the diesel generator control module is used for controlling the diesel generator system to continuously operate and carrying out minimum operation power constraint control on the diesel generator system when the diesel generator system normally operates.
The diesel generator control module can be further used for cutting off part of the load when the sum of the total output power and the discharge power of the energy storage system is smaller than the load power; and when the total output power is greater than the sum of the load power and the charging power of the energy storage system, performing power limit control on the wind power generation system and the photovoltaic power generation system.
In the control apparatus, when the diesel generator system is normally operated, the diesel generator system may be operated in a U/f mode to serve as a voltage and frequency support of an island microgrid, and the wind power generation system, the photovoltaic power generation system, and the energy storage system may be operated in a PQ mode.
In the control device, when the wind power generation system and the photovoltaic power generation system are controlled with limited power, the power of the photovoltaic power generation system may be limited first.
In the control device, when the diesel generator system fails, the diesel generator system can stop running, and the working mode of the energy storage system can be switched to a U/f mode to be used as the voltage and frequency support of an island microgrid.
In the control apparatus, the constraint on the energy storage system includes: when the total output power is larger than the load power, the state of charge of the battery can be limited to be smaller than 0.9 times of the maximum value of the state of charge, and the voltage of the energy storage battery is smaller than the maximum voltage.
In the control apparatus, the restraining of the energy storage system further includes: when the charging power of the energy storage system exceeds the maximum charging power, the wind power generation system and the photovoltaic power generation system can be controlled in a power limiting mode.
In the control apparatus, the constraint on the energy storage system may include: and when the total output power is smaller than the load power, limiting the state of charge of the battery to be larger than 1.1 times of the minimum value of the state of charge, and enabling the voltage of the energy storage battery to be larger than the minimum voltage.
In the control device, the constraining of the energy storage system further comprises: when the discharge power of the energy storage system exceeds the maximum discharge power, part of the load can be cut off.
According to another aspect of the invention, a control method of a wind-solar-diesel-storage type island microgrid system is provided, wherein the microgrid system comprises a wind power generation system, a photovoltaic power generation system, a diesel generator system, an energy storage system and a load which are respectively connected to a microgrid bus. The method comprises the following steps: comparing the total output power of the wind power generation system, the photovoltaic power generation system and the diesel generator system with the load power; and based on the comparison result of the total output power and the load power, the service life of the energy storage system is prolonged by restraining the charge quantity and the output voltage of the energy storage system. And when the diesel generator system normally operates, controlling the diesel generator system to continuously operate, and performing minimum operation power constraint control on the diesel generator system.
The method may further comprise: when the sum of the total output power and the discharge power of the energy storage system is smaller than the load power, cutting off part of the load; and when the total output power is greater than the sum of the load power and the charging power of the energy storage system, performing power limit control on the wind power generation system and the photovoltaic power generation system.
The method may further comprise: when the diesel generator system normally operates, the diesel generator system is controlled to work in a U/f mode to serve as voltage and frequency support of an island micro grid, and the wind power generation system, the photovoltaic power generation system and the energy storage system are controlled to work in a PQ mode.
The method can further comprise limiting the power of the photovoltaic power generation system first when the power limiting control is performed on the wind power generation system and the photovoltaic power generation system.
The method can further comprise controlling the diesel generator system to stop running when the diesel generator system fails, and converting the working mode of the energy storage system into a U/f mode to be used as a voltage and frequency support of the island microgrid.
In the control method, the constraint on the energy storage system may include: and when the total output power is larger than the load power, limiting the state of charge of the battery to be smaller than 0.9 time of the maximum value of the state of charge, and enabling the voltage of the energy storage battery to be smaller than the maximum voltage.
The constraining of the energy storage system further comprises: when the charging power of the energy storage system exceeds the maximum charging power, the wind power generation system and the photovoltaic power generation system can be controlled in a power limiting mode.
In the control method, the constraint on the energy storage system may include: when the total output power is smaller than the load power, the state of charge of the battery is limited to be larger than 1.1 times of the maximum discharge value, and the voltage of the energy storage battery is larger than the minimum voltage.
The constraining of the energy storage system further comprises: when the discharge power of the energy storage system exceeds the maximum discharge power, part of the load can be cut off.
According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program. When executed by a processor, the computer program implements the above-described control method for the islanded microgrid system.
Drawings
Figure 1 is a topological block diagram of an islanded microgrid system according to the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a flow chart of a control method according to the invention.
FIG. 3 is a flow chart of a wind power and photovoltaic power generation power limiting strategy according to the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a flowchart of a method of controlling the energy storage system as a U/f source in the event of a diesel generator failure according to the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a graph of the output power of each distributed power source and load of the microgrid according to the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a diagram of photovoltaic power generation, wind power generation and stored energy power given commands output by the controller according to the invention.
FIG. 7 is a load shedding instruction diagram of a controller according to the present invention.
Fig. 8 is a graph of output power and load of each distributed power source of an island micro grid when a diesel generator fails according to the invention.
Fig. 9 is a command diagram for photovoltaic power generation and wind power generation power setting output by the controller when the diesel generator fails according to the present invention.
Fig. 10 is a command diagram of load shedding output by the controller upon failure of the diesel generator according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description is provided to assist the reader in obtaining a thorough understanding of the methods, devices, and/or systems described herein. However, various changes, modifications, and equivalents of the methods, apparatus, and/or systems described herein will be apparent to those skilled in the art upon review of the disclosure of this application. For example, the order of operations described herein is merely an example, which is not limited to the order set forth herein, but rather, upon understanding the disclosure of the present application, changes may be made in addition to the operations which must occur in a particular order. Moreover, descriptions of features known in the art may be omitted for the sake of clarity and conciseness. In order that those skilled in the art will better understand the present invention, specific embodiments thereof will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
A Micro-Grid (Micro-Grid), also called a microgrid, refers to a small-sized power generation and distribution system composed of a distributed power supply, an energy storage device, an energy conversion device, a load, a monitoring device, a protection device, and the like. An islanded microgrid refers to a microgrid which is not connected to a large power grid.
Figure 1 is a diagram of an islanded microgrid system topology according to the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1, an islanded microgrid according to an embodiment of the present invention is composed of a wind power generation system (e.g., a wind turbine), a photovoltaic power generation system (e.g., a photovoltaic cell), a diesel generator system, an energy storage system (e.g., an energy storage cell), a microgrid bus, and one or more loads. In fig. 1, the wind power generation system, the photovoltaic power generation system, the diesel generator system, the energy storage system, and the load are all connected to the microgrid bus through circuit breakers F1 to F6. In addition, a control system, such as a controller or control device (not shown), may also be included in the islanded microgrid.
The variables related to the present invention are defined uniformly below.
Pd(t): generating power by a diesel generator;
Pd max: the maximum generating power of the diesel generator;
Pd min: minimum generated power (30% P) of diesel generatord max)；
Pwt(t): generating power by a fan;
Pwtb: the maximum generating power of the fan;
Pwtref: giving the wind power generation power;
Ppv(t): photovoltaic power generation power;
Ppvb: photovoltaic maximum generated power;
Ppvref: photovoltaic power generation power setting;
Pbat(t): energy storage output power (negative when charging);
Pbref: photovoltaic power generation power setting;
Pch_max: storing the maximum charging power;
Pdis_max: storing the maximum discharge power;
SOC (t): the state of charge of the energy storage battery;
SOCmax/SOCmin: state of charge max/min of the energy storage battery;
Udc(t): an energy storage battery voltage;
Udc_max/Udc_min: energy storage battery maximum/minimum voltage;
Pl(t): the load power.
The wind power generation system, the photovoltaic power generation system, the diesel generator system and the energy storage system are called distributed power supplies. When the microgrid operates normally, the diesel generator system works in a U/f mode (constant voltage and constant frequency) to serve as voltage and frequency support of the island microgrid, and the wind power generation system, the photovoltaic power generation system and the energy storage system work in a PQ mode (constant power). When the diesel generator system breaks down, the diesel generator stops running, and the working mode of the energy storage system is converted into a U/f mode to serve as voltage and frequency support of an island microgrid.
When the islanding micro-grid operates, the diesel generator serves as a stable power supply to support the voltage and the frequency of the islanding micro-grid. Based on the randomness and the volatility characteristics of wind and light power generation and the power balance characteristic of an island system, the energy storage system is preferentially controlled to stabilize the fluctuation of wind power generation and photovoltaic power generation and maintain the power balance of the system. The invention mainly aims at a control method of island micro-grids in remote areas such as islands, pastoral areas and the like far away from a power grid, and the repeated start and stop of a diesel engine are not expected under the condition that the areas are off-grid for a long time, so that the diesel engine needs to be controlled to run for a long time to ensure the stability of the system.
In order to realize stable and economic operation of the microgrid in an island mode, the microgrid control method adopts a control technology combining central control and local control. And the controller of the microgrid can uniformly coordinate and control all distributed power supplies and loads to maintain stable operation of the island microgrid. The control strategy may include:
1. because the wind power resource and the photovoltaic resource are renewable resources, the wind power generation and the photovoltaic power generation are preferentially utilized to supply power to the load in various energy sources for power generation;
2. the intermittent and random characteristics of wind power generation and photovoltaic power generation are considered, and the power fluctuation of the wind power generation and the photovoltaic power generation is stabilized by controlling the charging and discharging of the energy storage system;
3. in view of the characteristic of stable operation of the diesel generator, the diesel generator is used as a constant U/f source of an island microgrid;
4. and (4) performing importance hierarchical control on the load, and preferentially ensuring the power supply stability of the important load.
In addition, in the control method, the aim of stable and economic operation of the island micro-grid is taken, and the design constraint conditions comprise:
power balance constraint conditions:
Pd(t)+Pwt(t)+Ppv(t)+Pbat(t)＝Pl(t) (1)
constraint conditions of minimum operating power of the diesel generator:
Pd(t)≥30％×Pd max (2)
and the energy storage battery charge constraint condition is as follows:
SOCmin≤SOC(t)≤SOCmax (3)
the direct-current voltage constraint condition of the energy storage battery is as follows:
Udc_min≤Udc(t)≤Udc_max (4)
charging and discharging power constraint conditions of the energy storage system:
Pch_max≤Pbat(t)≤Pdis_max (5)
furthermore, the generated power Pgen(t)＝Pwtb+Ppvb+Pd minAnd the difference power Pdif(t)＝|Pgen(t)-Pl(t)|。
The energy storage system control is a central link of the whole control method, wind power generation, photovoltaic power generation power limit control and load control are related to energy storage control, and the energy storage system controls the constraint on the SOC and the output voltage of the energy storage battery, so that the service life of the energy storage battery is prolonged.
According to the embodiment of the invention, the control device of the wind-solar-diesel-storage type island micro-grid system can be configured in a module form, and the control device can comprise a total power control module, an energy storage system constraint module and a diesel generator control module.
The total power control module can judge the minimum generating power P of the diesel generatord minMaximum power generation power P of fanwtbAnd photovoltaic maximum generated power PpvbSum Pgen(t) whether it is greater than the load power Pl(t)。
The energy storage system constraint module can be used for prolonging the service life of the energy storage system by constraining the charge quantity and the output voltage of the energy storage system based on the comparison result of the total output power and the load power. The total power control module preferentially controls the energy storage system to charge so as to absorb redundant generated energy.
The energy storage system constraint module judges whether the energy storage battery meets a charging condition at the moment, wherein the charging condition is whether the charge quantity SOC and the output voltage are lower than the maximum value. For example, the state of charge of the battery is limited to less than 0.9 times the maximum state of charge, and the voltage of the energy storage battery is less than the maximum voltage.
1.1) if the energy storage system meets the charging condition, performing charging control on the energy storage system. At the same time, when the surplus difference power Pdif(t) when the maximum charging power of the energy storage system is larger than the maximum charging power of the energy storage system, the energy storage system constraint module controls the energy storage system to use the maximum charging power Pch_maxCharging, i.e. setting the stored energy power to Pbref＝-Pch_maxHerein, thisIf the supply is still larger than the demand, a wind and light limit power strategy is required; when the excess difference power Pdif(t) when the maximum charging power of the energy storage system is less than the maximum charging power of the energy storage system, the energy storage system constraint module controls the energy storage system to charge with the difference power, namely Pbref＝-Pdif(t), in this case, wind and light limit power control is not required.
1.2) if the energy storage system does not meet the charging condition, the energy storage system does not work, namely the energy storage power is given by PbrefWhen the power is equal to 0, a wind and light limit power control method is required.
When wind and light limit power control is carried out, the total power control module preferentially limits photovoltaic power generation power, and when the power consumption power subtracts the power (P) of the diesel generatorl(t)-Pbref)-Pd minWhen the power is larger than the maximum generating power of the fan, the total power control module limits the photovoltaic power to (P)l(t)-Pbref)-Pd min-PwtbThe wind power generation power is the maximum generation power Pwtb(ii) a When the power consumption is subtracted by the power (P) of the diesel generatorl(t)-Pbref)-Pd minWhen the maximum power generation power of the fan is less than the maximum power generation power of the fan, the total power control module limits the photovoltaic power to 0, limits the power generation power of the fan and limits the power generation power of the fan to Pwtref＝|Pl(t)-Pd min-Pbref|。
When the sum of the generated power Pgen(t) less than the load power PlAnd (t), the total power control module preferentially controls the energy storage system to discharge so as to make up for the power shortage. And judging whether the energy storage battery meets a discharging condition or not, wherein the discharging condition is whether the charge quantity SOC and the output voltage are higher than the minimum value or not. For example, the state of charge of the battery is limited to be greater than 1.1 times the minimum state of charge, and the voltage of the energy storage battery is greater than the minimum voltage.
And 2.1) if the energy storage system meets the discharging condition, performing discharging control on the energy storage system.
When the deficient difference power Pdif(t) when the total power control module is larger than the maximum discharge power of the energy storage system, the total power control module controls the energy storage system to have the maximum discharge power Pdis_maxTo discharge, i.e. Pbref＝Pdis_maxWhen the generated power does not meet the load requirement at the moment, the diesel generator automatically adjusts the generated energy, and when the generated power of the diesel generator meets the load requirement, the system is stable; when the load demand is still not met at the full speed of the diesel generator, a strategy for cutting off non-important loads is implemented.
When differential power Pdif(t) when the total power is less than the maximum discharge power of the energy storage system, the total power control module controls the energy storage system to discharge with the difference power, namely Pbref＝Pdif(t)。
2.2) if the energy storage system does not meet the discharging condition, the energy storage system constraint module controls the energy storage system to be out of work, namely the energy storage power is given by PbrefWhen the generated power of the diesel generator meets the load requirement, the system is stable; when the load demand is still not met at full diesel generator, a strategy of cutting off non-important loads is implemented.
When the diesel generator system normally operates, the diesel generator control module can control the diesel generator system to continuously operate and carry out minimum operation power constraint control on the diesel generator system, namely, the diesel generator is ensured to operate above the minimum power.
According to an embodiment of the invention, the diesel generator control module may be further configured to cut off a portion of the load when a sum of the total output power and the discharge power of the energy storage system is less than the load power; and when the total output power is greater than the sum of the load power and the charging power of the energy storage system, the total power control module performs power limit control on the wind power generation system and the photovoltaic power generation system.
When the diesel generator fails, the energy storage system is controlled by the energy storage system constraint module to be switched from a PQ control mode to a U/f control mode to serve as the voltage and frequency support of the island microgrid.
The total power control module may also compare the total output power of the wind power generation system, the photovoltaic power generation system, and the diesel generator system to the load power. Judging the maximum power P of the fanwtbAnd photovoltaic maximum generated power PpvbSum Pgen(t) is less than negativePower of charge Pl(t)。
The energy storage system constraint module can also judge whether the energy storage battery meets the discharging condition at the moment, namely whether the charge capacity SOC and the output voltage are lower than the minimum value or not based on the comparison result of the total output power and the load power.
3.1) judging the lack of the differential power P when the energy storage system meets the discharging conditiondifAnd (t) judging whether the discharge power is greater than the maximum discharge power of the energy storage system or not, if so, carrying out load shedding strategy, otherwise, automatically controlling the energy storage system to discharge.
And 3.2) when the energy storage system does not meet the discharging condition, carrying out a load shedding strategy.
When the maximum power generation power P of the fanwtbAnd photovoltaic maximum generated power PpvbSum Pgen(t) greater than the load power PlAnd (t), judging whether the energy storage battery meets the charging condition at the moment, namely the charge quantity SOC and the output voltage are higher than the maximum value.
And 4.1) carrying out wind-light limited power control when the energy storage system does not meet the charging condition.
And 4.2) when the energy storage system meets the charging condition, judging whether the redundant wind-solar power is greater than the maximum charging power of the energy storage system, and if so, performing wind-solar power limit control, otherwise, automatically controlling the energy storage system to charge.
Fig. 2 is a flow chart of a control method according to the invention. According to an embodiment of the present invention, the control method may include the steps of:
in step 100, the total power P of the sum of the minimum operating power of the diesel generator, the maximum generating power of the fan and the maximum generating power of the photovoltaic is judgedgenWhether or not it is less than or equal to the load power Pl(t) if the condition is satisfied, go to step 200, otherwise go to step 500.
In step 200, it is determined whether the photovoltaic power generation and the wind power generation power are operated at the maximum power generation power, if not, the photovoltaic power generation power and the wind power generation power output by the controller are respectively equal to the maximum power generation power, that is, Ppvref＝PpvbAnd P iswtref＝PwtbIf it is already running at maximum hairThe power goes to step 300.
In step 300, it is determined whether the energy storage battery satisfies a discharging condition. The discharging condition limits the SOC (state of charge) of the energy storage battery to be more than 1.1 times of the minimum SOC (state of charge)minAnd the voltage U of the energy storage batterydc(t) greater than minimum voltage Udc_min. If the discharging condition is satisfied, the energy storage power outputted by the controller is given by P in step 310brefEqual to the maximum discharge power P of the stored energydis_maxSum and difference power Pdif(t) the lesser of the two, otherwise the energy storage system is deactivated at step 320.
In step 400, the difference power P is determineddif(t) given P with stored energy powerbrefWhether the difference is at the maximum power P of the diesel generatord maxAnd minimum generated power Pd minAnd if the power range of the diesel generator is exceeded, cutting off a part of unimportant loads, and if the power range of the diesel generator is exceeded, controlling the output power of the diesel generator to maintain the stable operation of the island micro-grid.
Returning to step 100, when the total power P is reachedgenGreater than the load power PlAnd (t), turning to step 500, and judging whether the energy storage battery meets the charging condition. The charging condition limits the state of charge SOC (t) of the battery to be less than 0.9 times of the maximum value of the state of charge, and the voltage U of the energy storage batterydc(t) less than the maximum voltage Udc_max. If the charging condition is satisfied, the energy storage power outputted by the controller is given by P in step 510brefEqual to the maximum charging power P of the energy storage systemch_maxAnd Pdif(t), otherwise the energy storage system is deactivated at step 520.
In step 600, it is determined whether the wind power generation and photovoltaic power generation power are surplus, i.e., the difference power Pdif(t) whether it is higher than the stored energy power by a given Pbref. If yes, wind power generation and photovoltaic power generation limit power control are performed in step 610. Otherwise, the islanding micro-grid stably operates.
FIG. 3 is a flow chart of a wind power and photovoltaic power generation power limiting strategy 610 according to the present invention.
According to the embodiment of the invention, when wind power generation and photovoltaic power generation power limiting control are carried out, photovoltaic power generation power is preferentially limited. In step 611, it is determined that the electrical power (i.e., the portion of the load power after the energy storage system provides output) minus the diesel generator power (P)l(t)-Pbref)-PdminIs larger than the maximum power generation power of the fan. When the above conditions are satisfied, the photovoltaic power is limited to (P)l(t)-Pbref)-Pdmin-PwtbThe wind power generation power is the maximum generation power Pwtb. When the above condition is not satisfied, go to step 612, determine to subtract the power (P) of the diesel generator from the power consumptionl(t)-Pbref)-Pd minWhether the power is positive power or not, if so, the photovoltaic power is limited to be 0, and the power generated by the fan is limited to be Pwtref＝|Pl(t)-Pd min-PbrefL, |; otherwise, limiting the generated power of the fan to be 0.
The method mainly realizes the stable operation of the island micro-grid by controlling the energy storage battery, wind-solar power limit and load, realizes the economic operation by restricting the minimum operation power of the diesel generator, and prolongs the service life of the energy storage battery by restricting the charge and output voltage of the energy storage battery. When the diesel generator fails, the energy storage system can be controlled to be switched from the PQ control mode to the U/f control mode to serve as the voltage and frequency support of the island microgrid, and meanwhile, the control method is switched to the control mode shown in the figure 4 to guarantee long-term stable operation of the island microgrid.
Fig. 4 is a flowchart of a method of controlling the energy storage system as a U/f source in the event of a diesel generator failure according to the present invention. When the diesel generator fails, the controller controls the energy storage system to be switched from the PQ control mode to the U/f control mode to serve as voltage and frequency support of an island microgrid.
Referring to fig. 4, in step 410, the generated power P is judgedgen(t) whether or not it is less than the load power Pl(t), if yes, go to step 420, otherwise go to step 450.
In step 420, it is determined whether the photovoltaic power generation and the wind power generation are smallIn the maximum generating power, if the maximum generating power is smaller than the maximum generating power, the photovoltaic generating power output by the controller is given by PpvrefWind power generation power given PwtrefRespectively equal to its maximum generated power, i.e. Ppvref＝PpvbAnd P iswtref＝PwtbIf the maximum generated power has been operated, go to step 430.
In step 430, it is determined whether the energy storage battery satisfies the discharging condition. Judging the state of charge (SOC) (t) of the energy storage battery to be less than or equal to 1.1 times of the minimum SOC (state of charge)minAnd the voltage U of the energy storage batterydc(t) is less than or equal to the minimum voltage Udc_min. If the discharge condition is not met, the partial load is disconnected according to the margin power, and if the discharge condition is met, the process goes to step 440.
In step 440, the difference power P is determineddif(t) whether it is greater than the maximum discharge power P of the energy storage systemdis_maxAnd if the voltage is greater than the preset value, performing a load shedding strategy, otherwise, automatically controlling the energy storage system to discharge.
Returning to step 410, when the generated power P isgen(t) greater than the load power Pl(t) then go to step 450. In step 450, it is determined whether the energy storage battery satisfies the charging condition. Judging the state of charge SOC (t) of the battery to be more than or equal to 0.9 times of the maximum value of the state of charge under the charging condition, and judging the voltage U of the energy storage batterydc(t) is equal to or greater than the maximum voltage Udc_max。
When the energy storage system does not meet the charging condition, wind-solar power limit control is carried out to balance the sum of the output power of wind power generation and photovoltaic power generation with the load power; and when the energy storage system meets the charging condition, turning to step 460, judging whether the redundant wind and light power is greater than the maximum charging power of the energy storage system, and if so, performing wind and light limit power control, otherwise, automatically controlling the energy storage system to charge.
Fig. 5 is a graph of the output power of each distributed power source and load of the microgrid according to the present invention. As shown in fig. 5, when the load power curve P _ load changes, the output power curve P _ li of the lithium battery in the energy storage system, the power curve P _ diesel of the diesel power generation system, the power curve P _ PV of the photovoltaic power generation system, and the power curve P _ wind of the wind power generation system change accordingly.
Fig. 6 is a diagram of photovoltaic power generation, wind power generation and stored energy power given commands output by the controller according to the invention. As shown in fig. 6, the stable operation of the system is realized by adjusting the photovoltaic power generation power given curve ppvref, the energy storage output power given curve pb1ref, and the wind power generation power given curve pwtref.
FIG. 7 is a load shedding instruction diagram of a controller according to the present invention. As shown in fig. 7, as can be seen from the LOAD command curve D _ LOAD curve, the adjustment range of the system exceeds the adjustment ranges of the photovoltaic power generation system, the wind power generation system, the energy storage system and the diesel power generation system, and after a time point of 15 seconds, the controller issues a LOAD shedding command.
Fig. 8 is a graph of output power and load of each distributed power source of an island micro grid when a diesel generator fails according to the invention. Fig. 9 is a command diagram for photovoltaic power generation and wind power generation power setting output by the controller when the diesel generator fails according to the present invention. Fig. 10 is a command diagram of load shedding output by the controller upon failure of the diesel generator according to the present invention. When the diesel power generation system stops operating, the change of the command curve chart given by photovoltaic power generation, wind power generation and stored energy power can be seen from fig. 9. In fig. 10, after the adjustment range of the system exceeds the adjustment ranges of the photovoltaic power generation system, the wind power generation system and the energy storage system, the controller sends a load shedding instruction.
The control method is an integral whole, and all control parts are mutually connected. The description of features or aspects in each embodiment will be considered applicable to similar features or aspects in other embodiments.
There is also provided, in accordance with an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program. The computer readable storage medium stores a computer program which, when executed by a processor, causes the processor to execute the wind, solar, diesel, and storage type island microgrid control method according to the present invention. The computer readable recording medium is any data storage device that can store data read by a computer system. Examples of the computer-readable recording medium include: read-only memory, random access memory, read-only optical disks, magnetic tapes, floppy disks, optical data storage devices, and carrier waves (such as data transmission through the internet via wired or wireless transmission paths).
There is also provided, in accordance with an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, a computer apparatus. The computer device includes a processor and a memory. The memory is for storing a computer program. The computer program is executed by a processor, so that the processor executes the computer program of the wind-solar-diesel-storage island micro-grid control method.
According to the invention, through the charge and discharge control of the energy storage system, the problem of large fluctuation of the power of the island microgrid caused by the intermittent and random characteristics of wind and solar power generation is coordinated, and renewable energy is utilized to the maximum extent. The invention ensures that the diesel generator operates at the minimum power by controlling the wind power and the light power generation power, and improves the operating economy of the diesel generator. According to the invention, through the control of unimportant loads, the stability of the system is ensured when the power generation power of the microgrid system does not meet the system requirements, and the power supply reliability of the important loads is ensured. When the diesel generator is in fault, the invention controls the energy storage system to be converted into the U/f source of the island system, and simultaneously provides a control method meeting the requirement under the mode to realize stable control on the system, thereby greatly improving the stability of the island micro-grid system.
Although a few embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it would be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes may be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the claims and their equivalents.
Claims (21)
1. A wind-solar-diesel-storage island microgrid system comprises a wind power generation system, a photovoltaic power generation system, a diesel generator system, an energy storage system and a load which are respectively connected to a microgrid bus,
wherein the system further comprises a controller configured to:
comparing the total output power of the wind power generation system, the photovoltaic power generation system and the diesel generator system with the load power,
based on the comparison result of the total output power and the load power, the service life of the energy storage system is prolonged by restricting the charge quantity and the output voltage of the energy storage system,
when the diesel generator system normally operates, the diesel generator system is controlled to continuously operate, and minimum operation power constraint control is carried out on the diesel generator system.
2. An islanded microgrid system according to claim 1, characterised in that the controller is further configured to:
when the sum of the total output power and the discharge power of the energy storage system is smaller than the load power, cutting off part of the load;
and when the total output power is greater than the sum of the load power and the charging power of the energy storage system, performing power limit control on the wind power generation system and the photovoltaic power generation system.
3. An islanded microgrid system according to claim 1, wherein when the diesel generator system is operating normally, the diesel generator system is operated in U/f mode to act as a voltage and frequency support for the islanded microgrid, and the wind power generation system, photovoltaic power generation system and energy storage system are operated in PQ mode.
4. An island microgrid system according to claim 2, wherein when limiting power control is performed on the wind power generation system and the photovoltaic power generation system, the power of the photovoltaic power generation system is limited first.
5. An islanded microgrid system according to claim 1, wherein when the diesel generator system fails, the diesel generator system stops running and the operating mode of the energy storage system is switched to U/f mode as a voltage and frequency support for the islanded microgrid.
6. An islanded microgrid system according to claim 1, wherein constraints on the energy storage system include: and when the total output power is larger than the load power, limiting the state of charge of the battery to be smaller than 0.9 time of the maximum value of the state of charge, and enabling the voltage of the energy storage battery to be smaller than the maximum voltage.
7. An island microgrid system according to claim 6, wherein power limited control is performed on the wind power generation system and the photovoltaic power generation system when the charging power of the energy storage system exceeds the maximum charging power.
8. An islanded microgrid system according to claim 1, wherein constraints on the energy storage system include: and when the total output power is smaller than the load power, limiting the state of charge of the battery to be larger than 1.1 times of the minimum value of the state of charge, and enabling the voltage of the energy storage battery to be larger than the minimum voltage.
9. An islanded microgrid system according to claim 8, wherein a partial load is cut off when the discharge power of the energy storage system exceeds a maximum discharge power.
10. A control device of a wind-solar-diesel-storage island microgrid system comprises a wind power generation system, a photovoltaic power generation system, a diesel generator system, an energy storage system and a load which are respectively connected to a microgrid bus,
characterized in that the control device comprises:
the total power control module compares and controls the total output power and the load power of the wind power generation system, the photovoltaic power generation system and the diesel generator system;
the energy storage system constraint module is used for constraining the charge quantity and the output voltage of the energy storage system to prolong the service life of the energy storage system based on the comparison result of the total output power and the load power; and
and the diesel generator control module controls the diesel generator system to continuously operate and performs minimum operation power constraint control on the diesel generator system when the diesel generator system normally operates.
11. The control device of claim 10, wherein the diesel generator control module is further configured to: when the sum of the total output power and the discharge power of the energy storage system is smaller than the load power, cutting off part of the load; and when the total output power is greater than the sum of the load power and the charging power of the energy storage system, performing power limit control on the wind power generation system and the photovoltaic power generation system.
12. A control method of a wind-solar-diesel-storage island microgrid system comprises a wind power generation system, a photovoltaic power generation system, a diesel generator system, an energy storage system and a load which are respectively connected to a microgrid bus, and is characterized by comprising the following steps:
comparing the total output power of the wind power generation system, the photovoltaic power generation system and the diesel generator system with the load power; and
based on the comparison result of the total output power and the load power, the service life of the energy storage system is prolonged by restricting the charge quantity and the output voltage of the energy storage system,
when the diesel generator system normally operates, the diesel generator system is controlled to continuously operate, and minimum operation power constraint control is carried out on the diesel generator system.
13. The control method of claim 12, the method further comprising:
when the sum of the total output power and the discharge power of the energy storage system is smaller than the load power, cutting off part of the load; and when the total output power is greater than the sum of the load power and the charging power of the energy storage system, performing power limit control on the wind power generation system and the photovoltaic power generation system.
14. The control method of claim 12, the method further comprising: when the diesel generator system is in normal operation, controlling the diesel generator system to work in a U/f mode to serve as voltage and frequency support of an island micro-grid, and
and controlling the wind power generation system, the photovoltaic power generation system and the energy storage system to work in a PQ mode.
15. The control method according to claim 12, further comprising limiting power of the photovoltaic power generation system first when performing power limiting control on the wind power generation system and the photovoltaic power generation system.
16. The control method according to claim 12, further comprising controlling the diesel generator system to stop running when the diesel generator system fails, and converting the operation mode of the energy storage system to a U/f mode as a voltage and frequency support of an island microgrid.
17. The control method of claim 12, wherein the constraints on the energy storage system include: and when the total output power is larger than the load power, limiting the state of charge of the battery to be smaller than 0.9 time of the maximum value of the state of charge, and enabling the voltage of the energy storage battery to be smaller than the maximum voltage.
18. The control method according to claim 17, wherein the power limited control is performed on the wind power generation system and the photovoltaic power generation system when the charging power of the energy storage system exceeds the maximum charging power.
19. The control method of claim 12, wherein the constraints on the energy storage system include: and when the total output power is smaller than the load power, limiting the state of charge of the battery to be larger than 1.1 times of the minimum value of the state of charge, and enabling the voltage of the energy storage battery to be larger than the minimum voltage.
20. The control method of claim 19, wherein a portion of the load is removed when the discharge power of the energy storage system exceeds a maximum discharge power.
21. A computer readable storage medium storing a computer program, wherein the computer program when executed by a processor implements a method of controlling an islanded microgrid system as claimed in any one of claims 12 to 20.
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