CN113013545A - Laminate polymer battery and battery module - Google Patents
Laminate polymer battery and battery module Download PDFInfo
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- CN113013545A CN113013545A CN202110226141.5A CN202110226141A CN113013545A CN 113013545 A CN113013545 A CN 113013545A CN 202110226141 A CN202110226141 A CN 202110226141A CN 113013545 A CN113013545 A CN 113013545A
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- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 title claims description 27
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 144
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 96
- 238000013022 venting Methods 0.000 claims description 76
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 27
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 27
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 26
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000000712 assembly Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000000429 assembly Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 206010037844 rash Diseases 0.000 abstract description 31
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 9
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- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000002985 plastic film Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229920006255 plastic film Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000004964 aerogel Substances 0.000 description 2
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000003139 buffering effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005538 encapsulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010445 mica Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052618 mica group Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004904 shortening Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003892 spreading Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007480 spreading Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000005856 abnormality Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000010261 cell growth Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006261 foam material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
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- Battery Mounting, Suspending (AREA)
- Sealing Battery Cases Or Jackets (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a soft package battery and a battery module, wherein the soft package battery comprises a battery core and a soft package bag, the soft package bag comprises a sealed main body for accommodating the battery core and a sealing edge formed by heat sealing, the sealing edge comprises at least one weak sealing area, the strength of the sealing edge of the weak sealing area is less than that of other sealing edge areas except the weak sealing area, the soft package battery is provided with the weak sealing area on the sealing edge, when the single soft package battery is out of control due to thermal runaway, a large amount of eruptions generated inside the battery are flushed out from the weak sealing area on the soft package bag to release the pressure in the soft package bag, so that explosion caused by overlarge internal pressure of the single battery can be avoided, the positioning design of a thermal runaway eruption position of the soft package battery can be realized, and the damage of the thermal runaway of the battery can be reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of battery design development and application, in particular to a soft package battery and a battery module.
Background
The soft package battery is one of the batteries, and is widely applied to the fields of power, energy storage and the like due to the advantages of good safety, high monomer energy density, small internal resistance and the like.
In recent years, with the improvement of energy density of batteries, the risk that thermal runaway of single batteries further causes thermal spread of battery modules and battery systems is increasing; in the field of power batteries, cases that the thermal runaway of a battery of a high-nickel 811 system causes thermal spread of a battery pack and finally causes fire and explosion of a whole vehicle are more and more.
Therefore, preventing thermal runaway and spread of the battery is an urgent issue in the industry. Currently, most technicians or enterprises are trying to solve the problem of thermal runaway of batteries from the aspect of improving the thermal stability of battery materials. Meanwhile, some enterprises also add passive heat insulation materials in the process of forming a battery system by batteries to prevent thermal runaway of single batteries and then cause thermal runaway of other batteries or modules. Regardless of the mode, the problems of thermal runaway of the battery and thermal spread after the thermal runaway are not well solved at present.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a soft package battery and a battery module, which can solve the problem that thermal runaway of other batteries and modules is caused by thermal spreading after thermal runaway of a single battery.
In order to solve the technical problem, a first aspect of the present invention provides a pouch battery, including:
an electric core;
soft packaging;
the soft bag comprises a sealing body for accommodating the battery cell and a sealing edge formed by heat sealing, wherein the sealing edge comprises at least one weak sealing area, and the strength of the sealing edge of the weak sealing area is less than that of other sealing edge areas except the weak sealing area.
Set up the weak region of sealing through the suitable position at soft-package bag, when monomer soft-package battery takes place the thermal runaway, the inside a large amount of gas that produces of soft-package battery, when the gas that produces reaches a certain amount, the weak regional rush-out of sealing of eruption thing from soft-package bag that gas and solid particle formed for pressure in the soft-package bag obtains releasing, avoids the inside pressure of monomer soft-package battery too big to arouse the explosion.
Preferably, the cell is a dry cell.
In a preferred embodiment, the weak sealing area is provided on a sealing edge corresponding to a side edge of the battery cell and/or a top edge of the battery cell. The soft bag is relatively weak in strength of the sealing edge corresponding to the side edge of the battery cell and/or the top edge of the battery cell, weak sealing areas are arranged in the parts and accord with the explosion trend of the soft-package battery, and the process adjustment is small and easy to achieve.
In a preferred embodiment, the width of the edge seal of the weakened sealing area is smaller than the width of the edge seal areas other than the weakened sealing area. The compression resistance of the weak sealing area is reduced by shortening the edge sealing width, so that the weak sealing area is formed, and the oriented eruption of the soft package battery in thermal runaway is realized.
In a preferred embodiment, the weakened sealing is provided with at least one notch along the outer edge of the sealing edge. Preferably, the weak seal area is a pit.
In a preferred embodiment, the weak sealing area is provided with at least one hollowed-out structure.
In a preferred embodiment, the weak seal area has a package strength gradient.
Preferably, the package strength increases from the center of symmetry of the weak seal area to both sides. Through setting up encapsulation intensity gradient, when the realization was tentatively unusual, the soft-packaged bag appeared the mouth that loses heart of little, guaranteed the normal use of electric core, and given certain reaction time and carry out emergency treatment.
A second aspect of the present invention provides a battery module, which includes a module housing and at least two pouch batteries as described in the first aspect, wherein the pouch batteries are accommodated in the module housing;
the module shell is provided with at least one explosion venting channel, one end of the explosion venting channel is communicated with the inner cavity of the battery module, and the other end of the explosion venting channel is communicated with the outside;
the explosion venting channel corresponds to the weak sealing area of the soft package battery.
When a soft package battery is out of control due to heat, eruptions generated in the soft package battery are sprayed out from the weak sealing area, and the sprayed eruptions can be rapidly discharged from an explosion venting channel of the battery module; avoided laminate polymer battery's thermal runaway problem to cause to stretch and influence other safe laminate polymer battery on the one hand, on the other hand avoids the module to take place the thermal runaway and causes the accident to enlarge.
In a preferred embodiment, the module housing comprises three cover plate units, each cover plate unit comprises two oppositely arranged cover plate assemblies, and the three cover plate units form a closed space for accommodating the soft package battery;
at least one explosion venting channel is arranged on at least one cover plate component;
preferably, the at least one explosion venting channel comprises a first explosion venting channel and/or a second explosion venting channel;
at least one cover plate assembly arranged corresponding to the top edge of the battery cell is provided with a first explosion venting channel; and/or the presence of a gas in the gas,
and at least one cover plate component arranged corresponding to the side edge of the battery cell is provided with a second explosion venting channel.
Through setting up first let out explode passageway and/or second let out explode the passageway, realize when a laminate polymer battery takes place thermal runaway, the eruption thing that produces among this laminate polymer battery can be followed the weak regional blowout of sealing that corresponds of topside and/or side with electric core and the homoenergetic when spouting and is discharged in letting out the passageway that explodes to avoid causing to spread and influence other safe laminate polymer batteries.
Preferably, the three cover plate units include a first cover plate unit, a second cover plate unit and a third cover plate unit; the first cover plate unit comprises a front cover plate assembly and a rear cover plate assembly which are oppositely arranged and respectively correspond to the top edge of the battery cell; the second cover plate unit comprises an upper cover plate assembly and a lower cover plate assembly which are oppositely arranged and respectively correspond to the side edges of the battery cell; the third cover plate unit comprises a left cover plate assembly and a right cover plate assembly which are oppositely arranged and respectively correspond to one side face of the battery cell.
Preferably, the three cover plate units are in one of detachable connection or fixed connection.
Preferably, the module housing is one of "n" -shaped, "U" -shaped, "mouth" -shaped.
In a preferred embodiment, the cover plate assembly arranged corresponding to the top edge of the battery cell comprises an end cover assembly plate, the end cover assembly plate comprises an end cover and an insulating plate, and the end cover and the insulating plate cooperate to form a explosion venting cavity;
the insulating plate is provided with at least one internal explosion venting port;
the top end of the end cover is lower than the insulating plate, the insulating plate comprises at least one concave structure which is concave towards the interior of the battery module, and the top end of the end cover and the concave structure form at least one external explosion vent;
when any soft package battery thermal runaway, eruption objects erupted from a weak sealing area of a sealing edge corresponding to the top edge of the battery cell enter the explosion venting cavity through the inner explosion venting port and are discharged to the upper side of the battery module from the outer explosion venting port, so that when thermal runaway occurs in one battery module, no influence is caused on other modules, and the thermal runaway is concentrated on one module to avoid diffusion.
In a preferred embodiment, the cover plate assembly arranged corresponding to the top edge of the battery cell further comprises a cover plate assembly plate, and the cover plate assembly plate is positioned on one side of the end cover assembly plate close to the pouch battery;
the cover plate assembly plate comprises a copper bar and a plate groove for supporting the copper bar, the copper bar is positioned on one side of the plate groove close to the end cover assembly plate, and the battery cell is electrically connected with the copper bar;
the weak sealing areas and the copper bars are arranged in a staggered mode;
preferably, the spraying direction of the weak sealing area is perpendicular to the plane of the copper bar;
preferably, the top edge of the battery cell corresponds to the sealing edge of the weak sealing area, and the battery cell tab of the soft package battery penetrates through the plate groove.
The copper bar and the battery cell can be isolated by arranging the plate groove between the copper bar and the battery cell so as to avoid short circuit caused by contact of the copper bar and the battery cell; the insulation board physically isolates the copper bar, so that the battery module can be prevented from generating electric leakage and short circuit.
In a preferred embodiment, the end cap is provided with at least one lifting hole, and the sum of the hole areas of all the lifting holes does not exceed the sum of the hole areas of all the explosion vents, so that the eruption objects entering the explosion venting cavity are basically discharged from the set explosion vents.
Preferably, the hole area of any one of the hoisting holes is not more than half of the hole area of any one of the external explosion vents.
The projection of the inner explosion venting port on the end cover is not overlapped with the hoisting hole, so that the eruption object can not be directly sprayed out through the hoisting hole after entering the inner explosion venting port.
In a preferred embodiment, the cover plate assembly arranged corresponding to the side edge of the battery cell comprises a first outer plate and a side assembly plate attached to the first outer plate, wherein the side assembly plate is arranged on one side of the first outer plate close to the pouch battery;
the first outer plate is provided with a first through hole, the side assembly plate is provided with a second through hole, and the first through hole is communicated with the second through hole and forms the second explosion venting channel.
Preferably, the second explosion venting channel is arranged on the upper side surface of the battery module, and preferably, the second cover plate unit comprises an upper cover plate assembly; when any soft package battery is out of control due to heat, the eruption objects erupted from the weak sealing area of the sealing edge corresponding to the side edge of the battery cell are discharged to the upper part of the battery module through the second explosion venting channel.
Preferably, the side assembly board comprises a flexible circuit board and a support board, and the flexible circuit is arranged on one side of the support board close to the soft package battery; the supporting plate is provided with a limiting structure for fixing the flexible circuit board; and the flexible circuit board is provided with a temperature acquisition sheet and a voltage acquisition sheet.
The connection mode and the setting position of the temperature acquisition sheet and the voltage acquisition sheet with the flexible circuit board are known in the art, and technicians can select the temperature acquisition sheet and the voltage acquisition sheet according to the assembly requirements of the battery module, preferably, the temperature acquisition sheet and the voltage acquisition sheet can be connected in a welding mode.
Preferably, the left cover plate assembly and the right cover plate assembly of the third cover plate unit respectively comprise a second outer plate and a heat insulation plate, and the heat insulation plate is arranged on one side, close to the soft package battery, of the second outer plate. Through setting up the heat insulating board, can avoid the influence of the high temperature that produces to laminate polymer battery in the welding process when constitute battery module to the assembly of three apron unit.
Preferably, the heat insulation plate is made of high-temperature-resistant materials, preferably mica sheets or aerogel with a heat insulation effect, and can resist the high temperature of 1000 ℃ in a short time and resist the high temperature of over 500 ℃ for a long time.
Preferably, the battery module further comprises foam arranged between two adjacent soft package batteries; andor, the laminate polymer battery and the foam between the module shells.
Preferably, the material of the foam includes, but is not limited to, PU, CR, EVA and PE.
The foam has low hardness and high resilience, and can absorb the bulging stress of the soft package battery to play a role in buffering; meanwhile, when the soft package battery is out of control due to heat, the foam can play a heat insulation role, inhibit heat diffusion and delay accidents.
The technical scheme provided by the embodiment of the invention has the following beneficial effects:
this embodiment provides a laminate polymer battery, this laminate polymer battery includes: an electric core; soft packaging; the soft package bag comprises a sealed main body for accommodating the battery cell and a sealed edge formed by heat sealing, wherein the sealed edge comprises at least one weak sealed area, the strength of the sealed edge of the weak sealed area is smaller than that of other sealed edge areas except the weak sealed area, and the weak sealed area is arranged on the sealed edge;
the present embodiment further provides a battery module, which includes a module housing and at least two pouch batteries as described in the first aspect, wherein the pouch batteries are accommodated in the module housing; the module shell is provided with at least one explosion venting channel, one end of the explosion venting channel is communicated with the inner cavity of the battery module, and the other end of the explosion venting channel is communicated with the outside; the explosion venting channel corresponds to a weak sealing area of the soft package battery; therefore, after one soft package battery is subjected to thermal runaway eruption, the eruption object can be quickly discharged through the preset explosion venting channel, so that the influence of the eruption object on other soft package batteries and the battery module in the module can be avoided, and thermal spreading protection measures can be taken on the battery system level;
it should be noted that the present invention only needs to achieve at least one of the above technical effects.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a pouch battery in example 1;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of another pouch battery in example 2;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of another pouch battery in embodiment 3;
fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of a battery module according to embodiment 4;
FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of an end cap mounting plate in embodiment 4;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the structure of an insulating plate in example 4;
FIG. 7 is a schematic structural view of a cover plate assembly in embodiment 4;
FIG. 8 is a schematic view showing the structure of a plate well in example 4.
The labels in the figure are: 100-soft package battery, 10-soft package bag, 21-first sealed edge, 22-second sealed edge, 23-third sealed edge, 1-first weak sealed area, 2-second weak sealed area, 200-battery module, 210-module shell, 30-front cover plate component, 31-end cover assembly plate, 311-end cover, 3111-hoisting hole, 312-insulation plate, 313-concave structure, 32-cover plate assembly plate, 321-copper bar, 322-plate groove, 110-battery cell tab, 40-upper cover plate component, 50-right cover plate component, 61-first explosion venting channel, 611-explosion venting cavity, 612-internal explosion vent, 613-external explosion vent and 62-second explosion venting channel.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "vertical," "parallel," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," and the like are used in the orientations and positional relationships indicated in the drawings for convenience in describing the present invention and for simplicity in description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the referenced devices or elements must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and are not to be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless otherwise specified.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning either a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.
As the energy density of the battery increases, the risk of thermal runaway of the pouch battery also increases. Soft package batteries generally adopt a soft bag for heat sealing to form a sealed and sealed main body to wrap a dry battery core, the battery can generate a large amount of gas before thermal runaway, and an aluminum-plastic film sealing body can expand rapidly until the sealing body explodes; along with the enclosure explosion, the eruption thing that high temperature high pressure gas and particulate matter constitute erupts in the twinkling of an eye and sends out, takes place the phenomenon of catching fire behind the meeting air, further triggers adjacent electric core thermal runaway, leads to whole module thermal runaway finally.
Based on the above phenomena, according to the ideal gas state equation: PV ═ nRT; (wherein, P is the pressure in the closed body, V is the volume of the closed body, n is the amount of the gas substance, and T is the gas temperature); in the case of V, n, R, P is proportional to T, and the pressure of the enclosure increases with increasing temperature. Therefore, the pressure P of the closure body rapidly increases after thermal runaway, and the eruption breaks through the pouch when the pressure P reaches the strength of the pouch, causing the pouch to be broken. Because the seal edge is formed by heat sealing, the strength of the seal edge is the smallest in the whole soft bag and the most easily damaged after thermal runaway.
In case there is a laminate polymer battery thermal runaway, will arouse the heat of other laminate polymer batteries and whole battery module to stretch, to this problem, this embodiment provides a laminate polymer battery and battery module, can effectively avoid above-mentioned drawback.
The pouch battery and the battery module will be further described with reference to fig. 1 to 8.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1, the present embodiment provides a pouch battery 100, where the pouch battery 100 includes a battery core (not shown) and a pouch 10, the battery core is a dry battery core, and the pouch 10 is integrally made of an aluminum-plastic film.
The soft bag 10 includes a sealing body for accommodating the battery cell and a sealing edge formed by heat sealing. Specifically, in order to improve the stability of the bag and simplify the production process, the bag after edge sealing is generally regular in shape, and the projection on the horizontal plane is preferably rectangular.
The edge seal comprises at least one weakened sealing area, and the strength of the edge seal of the weakened sealing area is less than that of the edge seal areas except the weakened sealing area.
In this embodiment, the sealing edges include a first sealing edge 21 and a second sealing edge 22 corresponding to the top edge of the battery cell, and a third sealing edge 23 corresponding to the side edge of the battery cell. In this embodiment, a first weak sealing area 1 is provided on the first sealing edge 21, a second weak sealing area 2 is provided on the second sealing edge 22, and a third weak sealing area (not shown) is provided on the third sealing edge 23. The length of the weak sealing area is 1-2 mm. The edge sealing strength P of the first weak sealing area 1, the second weak sealing area 2 and the third weak sealing area is less than the strength P of the edge sealing areas except the weak sealing areas0. The soft bag is weaker in the intensity of the corresponding banding of the side edge and the top edge of the relative electric core, and the weak sealing areas are arranged in the parts, so that gas generated by thermal runaway inside the electric core can be sprayed out from the two top edges and the upper side edge of the front top end and the rear top end, and the influence on other electric cores in the module is reduced.
In this embodiment, in order to make the sealing strength smaller than the strength of the sealing areas other than the weak sealing area, the sealing widths of the weak sealing areas of the first sealing 21, the second sealing 22, and the third sealing 23 are smaller than the widths of the sealing areas other than the weak sealing area. The compression resistance of the weak sealing area is reduced by shortening the edge sealing width, so that the weak sealing area is formed, and the oriented eruption of the soft package battery in thermal runaway is realized.
The embodiment adopts the specific scheme that: the width of the first weak sealing area 1, the width of the second weak sealing area 2 and the width of the third weak sealing area do not exceed 8mm, and the width of other sealing areas is not less than 10 mm.
Specifically, the first sealed edge 21, the second sealed edge 22, and the third sealed edge 23 are respectively provided with at least one notch along the outer edge of the sealed edge to form a first weak sealed area 1, a second weak sealed area 2, and a third weak sealed area. The shape of the notch is not limited in this embodiment, and may be circular, semicircular, rectangular, triangular, and any regular or irregular shape. The notches in this embodiment are specifically dimples.
In this embodiment, the width of the weakened sealing area is reduced by providing the notch in the weakened sealing area, so as to reduce the adhesive strength of the weakened sealing area. When the soft package battery expands under heating, the opening is firstly formed at the weak edge sealing structure; therefore, the weak edge sealing structure can be opened to release the high-temperature and high-pressure eruption of the closed body before the thermal runaway of the battery leads to the expansion explosion eruption of the closed body, and the thermal runaway hazard of the single battery is weakened.
The above mentioned adjustment of the edge sealing strength is only an exemplary illustration, and any method without departing from the inventive concept of the present application can be used in the present application.
Example 2
As shown in fig. 2, the present embodiment provides a pouch battery 100, which includes a battery cell (not shown) and a pouch 10, where the battery cell is a dry battery cell, and the pouch 10 is integrally made of an aluminum plastic film. The specific structure of the pouch battery 100 in this embodiment is similar to that of the pouch battery in embodiment 1, and the difference is only that: in this embodiment, the first sealing edge 21, the second sealing edge 22, and the third sealing edge 23 are provided with at least one hollow structure to form the first weak sealing area 1, the second weak sealing area 2, and the third weak sealing area, so that the sealing width of the weak sealing area is smaller than the widths of the other sealing areas except the weak sealing area. Specifically, the hollow structure is a dotted hollow.
Example 3
As shown in fig. 3, the present embodiment provides a pouch battery 100, which includes a battery cell (not shown) and a pouch 10, where the battery cell is a dry battery cell, and the pouch 10 is integrally made of an aluminum plastic film. The specific structure of the pouch battery 100 in this embodiment is similar to that of the pouch battery in embodiment 1, and the difference is only that: the weak sealing area has a packaging strength gradient, and preferably, the packaging strength is increased from the center to two sides of the symmetrical center of the weak sealing area; through setting up banding intensity gradient for gas can slowly escape in central point department when the gas is produced to laminate polymer battery inside, and when thermal runaway degree aggravation, the gas production increases, and the weak of each gradient of weak seal region is sealed and is split gradually, finally opens completely.
Due to the existence of the packaging strength gradient, the problem that when the packaging strength of a weak sealing area is too high, the soft package battery has an air blowing phenomenon, response is not timely, and potential safety hazards are high can be avoided; when the weak packaging strength is too low, the soft packaging bag is damaged due to slight abnormality in the soft packaging battery, a module is directly scrapped, and even liquid additives such as electrolyte can leak, and the phenomenon is very dangerous for a running vehicle. Consequently this embodiment is through setting up encapsulation intensity gradient for when appearing tentatively unusual, the soft-packaged bag appears little leak port, guarantees the normal use of electric core, gives certain reaction time and carries out emergency treatment (for example emergency braking), has both guaranteed getting rid of electric core thermal runaway risk, has also avoided electric core to the reaction overstimulation of thermal runaway risk, has further guaranteed safety.
Example 4
As shown in fig. 4 to 8, the present embodiment provides a battery module 200, the battery module 200 includes a module housing 210 and at least two pouch batteries 100 according to embodiments 1, 2 or 3, the pouch batteries 100 being accommodated in the module housing 210.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 4, the module housing 210 is one of an "n" -shaped, a "U" -shaped, and a "mouth" -shaped. Module housing 210 includes three apron unit, and every apron unit is including setting up two relative apron subassemblies, and three apron unit constitutes and accepts laminate polymer battery 100's enclosure space. In this embodiment, the three cover plate units include a first cover plate unit, a second cover plate unit and a third cover plate unit. The first cover plate unit comprises a front cover plate assembly 30 and a rear cover plate assembly (not shown) which are oppositely arranged and respectively correspond to the top edges of the battery cells; the second cover plate unit comprises an upper cover plate assembly 40 and a lower cover plate assembly (not shown) which are oppositely arranged and respectively correspond to the side edges of the battery cells; the third cover plate unit includes a left cover plate assembly (not shown) and a right cover plate assembly 50, which are oppositely disposed and respectively correspond to one side surface of the battery cell. The three cover units of the module case 210 are detachably connected to each other, and the specific connection method refers to the detachable connection method between the left and right side plates, the upper and lower cover plates, and the front and rear side plates described in CN 111341954B.
The module housing 210 is provided with at least one explosion venting channel, one end of which is communicated with the inner cavity of the battery module 200 and the other end of which is communicated with the outside, in this embodiment, the explosion venting channel corresponds to the weak sealing area of the pouch battery. When thermal runaway of a pouch battery 100 occurs, the eruptions generated in the pouch battery 100 are ejected from the weak sealing area, and the ejected eruptions can be rapidly discharged from the explosion venting channel of the module housing 210; avoided laminate polymer battery's thermal runaway problem to cause to stretch and influence other safe laminate polymer battery on the one hand, on the other hand avoids the module to take place the thermal runaway and causes the accident to enlarge.
With continued reference to fig. 4, in this embodiment, at least one cover plate assembly is provided with at least one explosion venting channel. Specifically, at least one cover plate assembly arranged corresponding to the top edge of the battery cell is provided with a first explosion venting channel 61, and at least one cover plate assembly arranged corresponding to the side edge of the battery cell is provided with a second explosion venting channel 62. Through setting up first let out explode passageway 61 and second let out explode passageway 62, realize when a laminate polymer battery 100 takes place thermal runaway, the eruption thing that produces in this laminate polymer battery 100 can be followed the weak regional blowout of sealing that corresponds of topside or side from the play that explodes the passageway and discharge in the passageway that corresponds to avoid causing to spread and influence other safe laminate polymer batteries.
Of course, whether the first explosion venting channel 61 and the second explosion venting channel 62 are disposed or not and the specific disposition position may be determined according to the condition of the weak sealing region disposed in the pouch battery, so in a specific embodiment, the module housing 210 may be disposed with only the first explosion venting channel 61 or only the second explosion venting channel 62, which is not limited in this embodiment.
Further, referring to fig. 5 to 8, the cover plate assembly, namely, the front cover plate assembly 30 or the rear cover plate assembly, which is disposed corresponding to the top edge of the battery cell, includes an end cover assembly plate 31 and a cover plate assembly plate 32, the cover plate assembly plate 32 is located on one side of the end cover assembly plate 31 close to the pouch battery 100, the end cover assembly plate 31 includes an end cover 311 and an insulation plate 312, and the first explosion venting channel 61 is disposed on the end cover assembly plate 31 and is formed based on the cooperation of the end cover 311 and the insulation plate 312. The method specifically comprises the following steps: the end cover 311 is matched with the insulating plate 312 to form an explosion venting cavity 611, and the insulating plate 312 is provided with at least one inner explosion venting hole 612; the top end of the end cap 311 is lower than the insulating plate 312, the insulating plate 312 includes at least one concave structure 313 recessed towards the inside of the battery module 200, and the top end of the end cap 311 and the concave structure 313 form at least one external explosion vent 613.
When any soft package battery 100 is out of control due to heat, eruptions erupted from the weak sealing area of the edge sealing corresponding to the top edge of the battery cell enter the explosion venting cavity 611 through the inner explosion venting port 612 and are discharged to the upper side of the battery module 200 through the outer explosion venting port 613, so that when one battery module is out of control due to heat, no influence is caused on other modules, and the thermal runaway is concentrated in one module to avoid diffusion.
Referring to fig. 7 and 8, the cover plate assembly plate 32 includes a copper bar 321 and a plate groove 322 for supporting the copper bar 321, the copper bar 321 is located on one side of the plate groove 322 close to the end cover assembly plate 31, and the battery cell is electrically connected to the copper bar 321. The weak sealing area of the soft package battery 100 is staggered with the copper bars 321, and the ejection direction of the weak sealing area is perpendicular to the plane of the copper bars 321, so as to prevent high-temperature ejecta ejected from the weak sealing area from being ejected on the copper bars 321 to corrode the copper bars 321. In addition, the first sealed edge 21 provided with the first weak sealed area 1 and the cell tab 110 of the pouch battery 100 are inserted into the plate groove 322, so that the internal assembly of the battery module 200 is more compact.
In the embodiment, the plate groove 322 is arranged between the copper bar 321 and the battery cell, so that the copper bar 321 and the battery cell can be isolated from each other to avoid short circuit caused by contact between the two; and the insulation plate 312 physically isolates the copper bars 321, so that the battery module 200 can be prevented from electric leakage and short circuit.
Referring to fig. 4 and 5, in order to facilitate installation of the battery module 200 in a vehicle or the like, the end cover 311 is provided with at least one mounting hole 3111 for installation. In order to discharge the eruption entering the explosion venting cavity 611 from the set explosion venting hole, the probability of the eruption being dispensed from the lifting hole 3111 should be reduced, specifically: the sum of the hole areas of all the hoisting holes 3111 does not exceed the sum of the hole areas of all the external explosion vents 613, and the projection of the internal explosion vents 612 on the end cover 311 is not overlapped with the hoisting holes 3111, i.e. the internal explosion vents 612 are not directly opposite to the hoisting holes 3111, so that the eruption objects cannot be directly ejected through the hoisting holes 3111 after entering the internal explosion vents 612.
Specifically, in order to control the hole area of the hoisting hole 3111, the hole area of any hoisting hole 3111 in this embodiment is not more than half of the hole area of any explosion vent 613.
In this embodiment, the sectional area of the first explosion venting channel 61 is increased in the process that the ejecta enters the first explosion venting channel 61, passes through the inner explosion venting port 612, the explosion venting chamber 611 and the outer explosion venting port 613 in sequence, and enters the explosion venting chamber 611 through the inner explosion venting port 612, so that the air velocity of the ejecta is reduced to reduce the impact force when the ejecta is ejected from the outer explosion venting port 613.
The cover plate assembly arranged corresponding to the side edge of the battery cell comprises a first outer plate (not shown) and a side assembly plate (not shown) attached to the first outer plate, wherein the side assembly plate is arranged on one side, close to the soft package battery, of the first outer plate and corresponds to a third weak sealing area arranged on the third sealing edge 23. The first outer plate is provided with a first through hole (not shown), the side assembling plate is provided with a second through hole (not shown), and the first through hole is communicated with the second through hole and forms a second explosion venting channel 62.
As shown in fig. 4, the second explosion venting channel 62 in this embodiment is disposed on the upper side surface of the module housing 210, i.e., the upper cover plate assembly 40 included in the second cover plate unit. When any laminate polymer battery thermal runaway, the eruption from the third weak sealing area eruption on the third sealed edge 23 corresponding to the side of the battery cell is discharged to the top of the battery module 200 through the second explosion venting channel 62, and the thermal spread to other modules is avoided.
Specifically, the side assembly board includes a flexible circuit board (not shown) and a support board (not shown), and the flexible circuit is disposed on one side of the support board close to the pouch battery 100; the supporting plate is provided with a limiting structure (not shown) for fixing the flexible circuit board; the flexible circuit board is provided with a temperature acquisition sheet and a voltage acquisition sheet. The connection mode of the temperature acquisition sheet and the voltage acquisition sheet with the flexible circuit board and the selection of the setting position are known in the art, and technicians can select the temperature acquisition sheet and the voltage acquisition sheet according to the assembly requirements of the battery module, for example, the temperature acquisition sheet and the voltage acquisition sheet can be connected in a welding mode, and the embodiment does not limit the temperature acquisition sheet and the voltage acquisition sheet.
The left cover plate assembly and the right cover plate assembly 50 of the third cover plate unit respectively comprise a second outer plate and a heat insulation plate, and the heat insulation plate is arranged on one side, close to the soft package battery, of the second outer plate. Through setting up the heat insulating board, can avoid the influence of the high temperature that produces to laminate polymer battery in the welding process when constitute battery module to the assembly of three apron unit. Preferably, the heat insulation plate is made of high-temperature-resistant materials, preferably mica sheets or aerogel with a heat insulation effect, and can resist the high temperature of 1000 ℃ in a short time and resist the high temperature of over 500 ℃ for a long time.
Preferably, the battery module 200 further includes foam (not shown) disposed between two adjacent pouch batteries 100 and between the pouch batteries 100 and the module case 210. The kind of the foam material is not particularly limited in this embodiment, and the kinds of materials that can absorb the cell expansion and insulate heat in the prior art can be used in this application, including but not limited to PU, CR, EVA, PE, and the like. The foam has low hardness and high resilience, and can absorb the bulging stress of the soft package battery to play a role in buffering; meanwhile, when the soft package battery is out of control due to heat, the foam can play a heat insulation role, inhibit heat diffusion and delay accidents. For the specific design calculation mode of the foam, CN111129386B can be referred to.
The battery module that this embodiment provided, after a laminate polymer battery thermal runaway eruption in the module, explode the passageway through predetermined letting out and can realize the quick emission of eruption thing, can not only avoid eruption thing to cause the influence to other laminate polymer batteries in the module and battery module itself, can also realize doing the heat at battery system's aspect and stretch the safeguard measure.
All the above optional technical solutions may be combined arbitrarily to form optional embodiments of the present invention, that is, any multiple embodiments may be combined to meet the requirements of different application scenarios, which are within the protection scope of the present application and are not described herein again.
It should be understood that the above-mentioned embodiments are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention, and not intended to limit the present invention, and any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a laminate polymer battery, its characterized in that, laminate polymer battery includes:
an electric core;
soft packaging;
the soft bag comprises a sealing body for accommodating the battery cell and a sealing edge formed by heat sealing, wherein the sealing edge comprises at least one weak sealing area, and the strength of the sealing edge of the weak sealing area is less than that of other sealing edge areas except the weak sealing area.
2. The laminate battery of claim 1, wherein the weak sealing area is disposed on a sealing edge corresponding to a side edge of the cell and/or a top edge of the cell.
3. The pouch cell according to claim 2, wherein the edge seal width of the weak seal area is smaller than the width of the edge seal areas other than the weak seal area;
preferably, the weak sealing area is provided with at least one notch arranged along the outer edge of the sealing edge; and/or the presence of a gas in the gas,
the weak sealing area is provided with at least one hollow structure.
4. The pouch cell according to claim 2, wherein the weak sealed region has a package strength gradient. .
5. A battery module, characterized in that the battery module comprises a module housing and at least two pouch batteries according to any one of claims 1 to 4, the pouch batteries being accommodated in the module housing;
the module shell is provided with at least one explosion venting channel, one end of the explosion venting channel is communicated with the inner cavity of the battery module, and the other end of the explosion venting channel is communicated with the outside;
the explosion venting channel corresponds to the weak sealing area of the soft package battery.
6. The battery module according to claim 5, wherein the module housing comprises three cover plate units, each cover plate unit comprises two oppositely arranged cover plate assemblies, and the three cover plate units form a closed space for accommodating the soft package battery;
at least one explosion venting channel is arranged on at least one cover plate component;
the at least one explosion venting channel comprises a first explosion venting channel and a second explosion venting channel; and at least one cover plate component correspondingly arranged on the top edge of the battery cell is provided with a first explosion venting channel, and at least one cover plate component correspondingly arranged on the side edge of the battery cell is provided with a second explosion venting channel.
7. The battery module according to claim 6, wherein the cover plate assembly disposed corresponding to the top edge of the battery cell comprises an end cover assembly plate, the end cover assembly plate comprises an end cover and an insulating plate, and the end cover and the insulating plate cooperate to form a explosion venting cavity;
the insulating plate is provided with at least one internal explosion venting port;
the top end of the end cover is lower than the insulating plate, the insulating plate comprises at least one concave structure which is concave towards the interior of the battery module, and the top end of the end cover and the concave structure form at least one external explosion vent;
when any soft package battery is out of control due to heat, eruption matters erupted from a weak sealing area of a sealing edge corresponding to the top edge of the battery cell enter the explosion venting cavity through the inner explosion venting port and are discharged to the upper side of the battery module from the outer explosion venting port.
8. The battery module according to claim 7, wherein the cover plate assembly arranged corresponding to the top edge of the battery cell further comprises a cover plate assembly plate, and the cover plate assembly plate is positioned on one side of the end cover assembly plate close to the pouch battery;
the cover plate assembly plate comprises a copper bar and a plate groove for supporting the copper bar, the copper bar is positioned on one side of the plate groove close to the end cover assembly plate, and the battery cell is electrically connected with the copper bar;
the weak sealing areas and the copper bars are arranged in a staggered mode;
preferably, the top edge of the battery cell corresponds to the sealing edge of the weak sealing area, and the battery cell tab of the soft package battery penetrates through the plate groove.
9. The battery module according to claim 7, wherein the end cover is provided with at least one lifting hole, and the sum of the hole areas of all the lifting holes does not exceed the sum of the hole areas of all the external explosion vents;
the projection of the inner explosion venting port on the end cover is not overlapped with the hoisting hole.
10. The battery module according to claim 6, wherein the cover plate assembly disposed corresponding to the side edge of the battery cell comprises a first outer plate and a side assembly plate attached to the first outer plate, and the side assembly plate is disposed on one side of the first outer plate close to the pouch battery;
the first outer plate is provided with a first through hole, the side assembly plate is provided with a second through hole, and the first through hole is communicated with the second through hole and forms the second explosion venting channel.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110226141.5A CN113013545B (en) | 2021-03-01 | 2021-03-01 | Soft package battery and battery module |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110226141.5A CN113013545B (en) | 2021-03-01 | 2021-03-01 | Soft package battery and battery module |
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| CN113013545A true CN113013545A (en) | 2021-06-22 |
| CN113013545B CN113013545B (en) | 2023-10-27 |
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Cited By (1)
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| CN113013545B (en) | 2023-10-27 |
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