CN113013531B - Battery pack, battery module and battery energy storage device - Google Patents
Battery pack, battery module and battery energy storage device Download PDFInfo
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- CN113013531B CN113013531B CN201911221892.7A CN201911221892A CN113013531B CN 113013531 B CN113013531 B CN 113013531B CN 201911221892 A CN201911221892 A CN 201911221892A CN 113013531 B CN113013531 B CN 113013531B
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- battery
- flue gas
- heat dissipation
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- battery cell
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
- H01M10/0525—Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/61—Types of temperature control
- H01M10/613—Cooling or keeping cold
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
Abstract
The embodiment of the application provides a battery pack, battery module and battery energy memory, battery pack 10 includes: the battery comprises a heat insulation fixing frame 101, a top isolation plate 102 and at least one battery cell 103; the heat insulation fixing frame 101 surrounds at least one battery cell 103 to fix the position of the at least one battery cell 103; the battery cell 103 comprises a battery cell main body 1031, an electrode 1032 and a battery cell pressure release valve 1033, and the battery cell pressure release valve 1033 is used for discharging flue gas; the top isolation plate 102 is installed on the top of the heat insulation fixing frame 101 and attached to the top of the heat insulation fixing frame 101, at least one first flue gas channel 1021 is arranged on the top isolation plate 102, the first flue gas channel 1021 is used for discharging flue gas, and the position of the first flue gas channel 1021 is opposite to that of the cell pressure release valve 1033; at least one first electrode via 1022 is provided on the top separator plate 102 so that the electrode 1032 is electrically connected through the first electrode via 1022. The potential safety hazard when the thermal runaway of the battery core is reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The embodiment of the application relates to the technical field of batteries, in particular to a battery assembly, a battery module and a battery energy storage device.
Background
With the increasing demand of various new energy vehicles for carrying electric quantity and the development of the battery energy storage industry, the energy density of various batteries represented by lithium ion batteries is continuously improved, and higher requirements on the aspects of the safety, the cost, the electric quantity integration efficiency and the like of the battery energy storage technology are provided. In the correlation technique, a plurality of electricity core integration is together used as the battery module, if electric core thermal runaway back, electric core rapid heating up to produce a large amount of heats and with the coexistent flue gas form eruption thing blowout electric core monomer of solid-liquid-gas three-phase, the surplus heat conduction of electric core makes its rapid heating up to adjacent electric core, leads to the thermal runaway can stretch out between electric core, has the potential safety hazard.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, an object of the present invention is to provide a battery assembly, a battery module and a battery energy storage device, which overcome all or part of the above-mentioned disadvantages.
In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a battery assembly, including: the battery comprises a heat insulation fixing frame, a top isolation plate and at least one battery cell;
the heat insulation fixing frame surrounds at least one battery cell so as to fix the position of the at least one battery cell;
the battery cell comprises a battery cell main body, an electrode and a battery cell pressure relief valve, wherein the battery cell pressure relief valve is used for discharging smoke;
the top partition plate is arranged at the top of the heat-insulation fixed frame and is attached to the top of the heat-insulation fixed frame, at least one first flue gas channel is arranged on the top partition plate and is used for discharging flue gas, and the position of the first flue gas channel is opposite to that of the cell pressure release valve; at least one first electrode through hole is provided on the top separator so that the electrode passes through the first electrode through hole for electrical connection.
Optionally, in an embodiment of the present application, at least one rib is disposed on the top isolation plate, and the rib faces the heat insulation fixing frame to isolate the tops of the adjacent electric cores.
Optionally, in one embodiment of the present application, the battery module further comprises a top guard plate; the top protection plate is arranged at the top of the battery cell, at least one second flue gas channel is arranged on the top protection plate and used for discharging flue gas, and the position of the second flue gas channel is opposite to that of the first flue gas channel; the top guard plate is laminated with the top of electric core, and the laminating of top division board and top guard plate is provided with at least one second electrode through-hole on the guard plate of top to the electrode passes the second electrode through-hole and carries out the electricity and connect.
Optionally, in an embodiment of the present application, the battery assembly further includes a smoke barrier strip, and the smoke barrier strip is mounted on a side surface of the battery assembly.
Optionally, in an embodiment of the present application, the battery assembly further includes an electrical connection sheet, the electrical connection sheet is installed above the top partition plate, and the electrodes of the battery cells are electrically connected through the electrical connection sheet.
Optionally, in an embodiment of the present application, the battery assembly further includes at least one heat insulation sheet, and the heat insulation sheet is disposed between the side walls of the battery cells.
Optionally, in an embodiment of the present application, the battery assembly further includes a bottom plate, the bottom plate is disposed at the bottom of the battery assembly, and the bottom plate is fixedly connected to the heat-insulating fixing frame to form a cavity for accommodating at least one electrical core.
In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a battery module, where the battery module includes at least one battery assembly, and the battery assembly is the battery assembly described in the first aspect or any one of the embodiments of the first aspect;
the battery module also comprises a heat dissipation frame, wherein the heat dissipation frame is installed on one side, or at least one battery assembly is respectively installed on two sides of the heat dissipation frame, so that the battery assemblies can dissipate heat through the heat dissipation frame;
the bottom surface of the battery assembly is opposite to the heat dissipation frame, and the bottom surface of the battery core of the battery assembly is attached to the heat dissipation frame.
Optionally, in an embodiment of the present application, the heat dissipation frame is provided with a protruding rib at a position corresponding to the heat insulation fixing frame, and the protruding rib of the heat dissipation frame is attached to the lower edge of the heat insulation fixing frame or a gap is left.
Optionally, in an embodiment of the present application, a cooling flow channel is disposed inside the heat dissipation frame, and the cooling flow channel is used for containing a cooling liquid.
In a third aspect, the present application provides a battery energy storage device, where the battery energy storage device includes at least one battery module, and the battery module is the battery module described in the second aspect or any one of the embodiments of the second aspect.
Optionally, in an embodiment of the present application, the battery energy storage device further includes a housing and a smoke isolation guide plate;
the shell is provided with a third flue gas channel, the flue gas isolation guide plate is arranged between the two battery modules, and the tops of the two battery modules face the flue gas isolation guide plate and leave a certain gap with the flue gas isolation guide plate; so that the flue gas passes through the top division board of battery module through first flue gas passageway, and follow the flue gas and keep apart the deflector and discharge from the third flue gas passageway.
Optionally, in an embodiment of the present application, the third flue gas channel includes an outer hole, an inner hole, and a connecting channel; the inner hole is arranged on the inner wall of the shell, the outer hole is arranged on the outer wall, the positions of the inner hole and the outer hole are staggered, and the inner hole is communicated with the outer hole through a connecting channel.
Optionally, in one embodiment of the present application, the housing includes a top cover, a bottom cover, two first side beams and two second side beams; the top cover, the bottom cover, the two first side beams and the two second side beams are fixedly connected to form a cavity for accommodating at least one battery module.
Optionally, in one embodiment of the present application, the top cover and the bottom cover are respectively opposite to the two first sides of the battery module; the first side beam and the second side beam are respectively opposite to two second side surfaces of the battery module, and the area of the first side surface is larger than that of the second side surface; the second side beams are respectively opposite to the bottoms of the battery modules.
The battery pack, battery module and battery energy memory of this application embodiment because set up top division board and thermal-insulated fixed frame in battery pack, when the thermal runaway, behind the electric core of flue gas through electric core relief valve discharge on electric core in the electric core, under the combined action of top division board and thermal-insulated fixed frame, can't get into other electric cores to discharge through the guide effect of top division board, the potential safety hazard when having reduced electric core thermal runaway. In addition, a part of residual heat in the thermal runaway battery cell is rapidly led out through the heat dissipation frame, so that the temperature of the shell of the thermal runaway battery cell is reduced. Meanwhile, because the heat insulation fixing frame is arranged in the battery assembly, the residual heat of the thermal runaway battery core is slowly conducted to an adjacent area. After thermal equilibrium, the cell temperature of the adjacent partitions approaches but does not reach the thermal runaway trigger threshold, possibly inhibiting thermal spread.
Drawings
Some specific embodiments of the present application will be described in detail hereinafter by way of illustration and not limitation with reference to the accompanying drawings. The same reference numbers in the drawings identify the same or similar elements or components. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the drawings are not necessarily drawn to scale. In the drawings:
fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a battery assembly provided in an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a battery assembly provided in an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a battery assembly according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 4a is a schematic diagram illustrating a thermal runaway effect provided by an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 4b is a schematic diagram illustrating a thermal runaway effect provided by an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 5a is a structural diagram of a battery module according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
fig. 5b is a perspective view of a battery module according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
fig. 5c is a cross-sectional view of a battery module according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
fig. 6 is a schematic view of a heat dissipation frame according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
fig. 7 is a structural diagram of a battery energy storage device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
fig. 8 is a structural diagram of a battery energy storage device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view of a housing provided in accordance with an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 10 is a structural diagram of a battery energy storage device according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 11 is a cross-sectional view of a battery energy storage device according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 12 is a cross-sectional view of a battery energy storage device according to an embodiment of the present application;
reference numerals:
a battery assembly 10; a heat-insulating fixed frame 101;
a top separator plate 102; a battery cell 103;
a cell body 1031; an electrode 1032;
a cell pressure relief valve 1033; a first flue gas channel 1021;
the first electrode via 1022; a top guard plate 104;
a second flue gas channel 1041; a second electrode via 1042;
a flue gas isolation strip 105; an electrical connection sheet 106;
a heat insulating sheet 107; a backplane 108;
a battery module 20; a heat dissipation frame 201;
the heat radiation fins 2011; a battery energy storage device 30;
a housing 301; a flue gas isolation guide plate 302;
a third flue gas channel 303; an outer bore 3031;
an inner bore 3032; a connection channel 3033;
a top cover 3011; a bottom cover 3012;
a first side bar 3013; a second side rail 3014;
a pressure relief vent 30111; a fascia 304.
Detailed Description
It is not necessary for any particular embodiment of the invention to achieve all of the above advantages at the same time.
In order to make those skilled in the art better understand the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described clearly and completely below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by a person of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments in the present application shall fall within the scope of the protection of the embodiments in the present application.
The following further describes specific implementations of embodiments of the present application with reference to the drawings of the embodiments of the present application.
The first embodiment,
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a battery assembly provided in an embodiment of the present application; as shown in fig. 1, the battery assembly 10 includes: the battery comprises a heat insulation fixing frame 101, a top isolation plate 102 and at least one battery cell 103;
the heat insulation fixing frame 101 surrounds at least one battery cell 103 to fix the position of the at least one battery cell 103;
the battery cell 103 comprises a battery cell main body 1031, an electrode 1032 and a battery cell pressure release valve 1033, and the battery cell pressure release valve 1033 is used for discharging flue gas;
the top isolation plate 102 is installed on the top of the heat insulation fixing frame 101 and attached to the top of the heat insulation fixing frame 101, at least one first flue gas channel 1021 is arranged on the top isolation plate 102, the first flue gas channel 1021 is used for discharging flue gas, and the position of the first flue gas channel 1021 is opposite to that of the cell pressure release valve 1033; at least one first electrode via 1022 is provided on the top separator plate 102 so that the electrode 1032 is electrically connected through the first electrode via 1022.
In this application, the top of the battery cell 103 is the location where the electrode 1032 and the cell pressure relief valve 1033 are located, and the top of the battery assembly 10 is the location where the top of the battery cell 103 is located.
If battery core 103 takes place the thermal runaway, the flue gas in the battery core 103 can be discharged through battery core relief valve 1033, and top division board 102 is laminated with battery core 103 top, and first flue gas passageway 1021 is relative with battery core relief valve 1033 position, and the flue gas from battery core relief valve 1033 exhaust directly passes through top division board 102 and discharges, can not get into other battery cores 103, has effectively slowed down stretching of thermal runaway.
Optionally, in an embodiment of the present application, at least one rib is disposed on the top isolation plate 102, and the rib faces the heat insulation fixing frame 101 to isolate the tops of the adjacent battery cells 103.
Because the convex ribs are arranged on the top isolation shift, the convex ribs can be tightly attached to the battery cells 103, and the tops of the battery cells 103 are isolated from each other by the convex ribs. It should be noted that, according to the arrangement of the battery cells 103, the ribs may be in a grid shape.
Optionally, in one embodiment of the present application, as shown in fig. 1, the battery assembly 10 further includes a top guard plate 104; the top protection plate 104 is installed at the top of the heat insulation fixed frame 101, at least one second smoke passage 1041 is arranged on the top protection plate 104, the second smoke passage 1041 is used for discharging smoke, and the position of the second smoke passage 1041 is opposite to that of the first smoke passage 1021; the top protection plate 104 is attached to the top of the battery cell 103, the top isolation plate 102 is attached to the top protection plate 104, and at least one second electrode through hole 1042 is formed in the top protection plate 104, so that the electrode 1032 passes through the second electrode through hole 1042 for electrical connection.
The top protection plate 104 can shelter from the part of the top surface of the battery cell 103 except for the battery cell pressure release valve 1033 and the electrode 1032, the top protection plate 104 is added between the top isolation plate 102 and the battery cell 103, so that the top isolation plate 102 and the battery cell 103 are more tightly attached, the smoke passes through the battery cell pressure release valve 1033 and can be discharged after passing through the second smoke channel 1041 and the first smoke channel 1021, and the smoke is further ensured not to stretch to other battery cells 103 through the gap between the top isolation plate 102 and the battery cell 103.
Optionally, in one embodiment of the present application, the battery assembly 10 further comprises a smoke barrier 105, the smoke barrier 105 being mounted on the side of the battery assembly 10.
Optionally, in an embodiment of the present application, as shown in fig. 1, the battery assembly 10 further includes an electrical connection sheet 106, the electrical connection sheet 106 is mounted above the top separator plate 102, and the electrodes 1032 of the battery cells 103 are electrically connected through the electrical connection sheet 106. Optionally, the electrical connection pads 106 between the battery cells 103 may be integrated into the top separator plate 102.
Alternatively, in an embodiment of the present application, as shown in fig. 3, fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a battery assembly provided in the embodiment of the present application; the battery assembly 10 further includes at least one heat shield 107, and the heat shield 107 is disposed between the sidewalls of the battery cells 103.
The thickness of the heat insulating sheet 107 may be 1 to 4 mm. It should be noted that one heat insulation sheet 107 may be disposed between side walls of every two adjacent battery cells 103, or a plurality of battery cells 103 may be used as one battery cell unit, and one heat insulation sheet 107 may be disposed between every two adjacent battery cell units. If the battery cell 103 is out of control, the heat of the battery cell 103 is dissipated through the heat insulation sheet 107, so that the temperature of the adjacent battery cell 103 is not rapidly increased, the heat is spread, and the potential safety hazard of the out of control is further reduced.
Alternatively, as shown in FIG. 3; a plurality of battery cells 103 form a battery cell unit, and a heat insulation sheet 107 is arranged between adjacent battery cell units. In the battery assembly 10, the cell units are stacked in a direction normal to the side surfaces of the battery cells 103, so that a plurality of cell units may be included in one battery assembly 10.
Optionally, of the four side surfaces of the battery cell 103, the side surface with a large area is used as a first side surface, the side surface with a small area is used as a second side surface, the stacking direction of the battery cell 103 may be along the direction perpendicular to the second side surface of the battery cell 103, so that the number of the battery cells 103 stacked in the battery energy storage system along the vertical direction of the first side surface of the battery cell 103 is less than the number of the battery cells 103 stacked in the vertical direction of the second side surface, the first side surface is used as a main heat transfer surface between the battery cells, the heat transfer amount of the first side surface is higher than that of the second side surface, but the number of the battery cells 103 stacked in the direction perpendicular to the first side surface is less, the number of the battery cells 103 which can be damaged by thermal spreading in the direction perpendicular to the first side surface is also less, and the damage to the battery energy storage system is limited.
Alternatively, ribs may be provided at positions of the top insulation plate 102 corresponding to the heat insulating sheets 107. The heat insulation sheet 107 is matched with the convex rib of the top isolation plate 102, and the top isolation plate 102 is tightly attached to the heat insulation sheet 107 through the convex rib.
Optionally, in an embodiment of the present application, as shown in fig. 1, the battery assembly 10 further includes a bottom plate 108, the bottom plate 108 is disposed at the bottom of the battery assembly 10, and the bottom plate 108 is fixedly connected to the heat-insulating fixing frame 101 to form a cavity for accommodating the at least one battery cell 103.
It should be noted that, the bottom plate 108 can conduct heat, when the battery cell 103 is out of thermal runaway, the heat is rapidly led out through the bottom plate 108, and is dispersed to other battery cells 103 far away from each other, or the heat is excreted, so that the battery cell 103 out of thermal runaway is rapidly cooled, thermal equilibrium between each battery cell 103 inside the battery assembly 10 is also ensured, the thermal runaway is prevented from spreading, and the potential safety hazard of thermal runaway is further reduced.
In the event of thermal runaway, the battery assembly 10 may isolate high temperature ejecta (e.g., fumes) from the cells 103.
FIG. 4a is a schematic diagram illustrating a thermal runaway effect provided by an embodiment of the present application; when the high-temperature ejecta is ejected from the cell pressure relief valve 1033 on the top surface of the cell 103, the high-temperature ejecta sequentially passes through the second flue gas passage 1041 of the top protection plate 104 and the first flue gas passage 1021 of the top isolation plate 102 to be discharged out of the battery assembly 10, and cannot pass through the top isolation plate 102 or the side plate of the battery assembly 10 to return to the battery assembly 10.
FIG. 4b is a schematic diagram illustrating a thermal runaway effect provided by an embodiment of the present application; when the side surface of the battery cell 103 triggering thermal runaway is broken, the high-temperature jet is jetted out from the side surface of the battery cell 103. Because two adjacent cell units are separated into two relatively independent spaces, the high-temperature ejecta on the side cannot reach the adjacent cell units. Furthermore, if the structure of the top shielding plate 102 is deformed under the heat influence of the high-temperature jet so that it slightly bulges in a direction perpendicular to the top surface of the battery cell 103 toward the side away from the battery cell 103, the top shielding plate 104 can still provide good thermal insulation protection for the battery cell 103. Meanwhile, because the top isolation plate 102 is provided with the convex rib on one side facing the battery core 103, the adjacent battery core units are still two mutually isolated spaces, and the high-temperature jet is prevented from flowing to the adjacent battery core units from one battery core unit in the gap between the top isolation plate 102 and the cover plate which are bulged and deformed.
The battery pack of this application embodiment because set up the top division board in battery pack, when the thermal runaway, behind the electric core of flue gas in the electric core through electric core relief valve discharge electric core on the electric core, under the effect of top division board, can't get into other electric cores to discharge through the guide effect of top division board, reduced the potential safety hazard when electric core thermal runaway. In addition, the heat-conducting bottom plate can transfer part of heat from the thermal runaway battery cell to other places in time, and the time for the thermal runaway battery cell to thermally stretch to the adjacent battery cell is prolonged.
Example II,
Based on the battery assembly 10 described in the first embodiment, the present application provides a battery module 20, as shown in fig. 5a, fig. 5a is a structural diagram of the battery module provided in the present application; the battery module 20 includes at least one battery assembly 10, and the battery assembly 10 is the battery assembly 10 described in the first embodiment of the present application;
the battery module 20 further includes a heat dissipation frame 201, the heat dissipation frame 201 is installed on a single surface, or at least one battery assembly 10 is installed on each of two surfaces of the heat dissipation frame 201, so that the battery assembly 10 dissipates heat through the heat dissipation frame, the bottom surface of the battery assembly is opposite to the heat dissipation frame, and the bottom surface of the battery core of the battery assembly is attached to the heat dissipation frame.
Optionally, in an embodiment of the present application, the heat dissipation frame 201 is provided with a rib at a position corresponding to the heat insulation fixing frame 101, and the rib of the heat dissipation frame 201 is attached to or spaced from the lower edge of the heat insulation fixing frame 101.
Optionally, in an embodiment of the present application, a cooling channel is disposed inside the heat dissipation frame 201, and the cooling channel is used for containing a cooling liquid. Preferably, the cooling liquid can circulate in the cooling flow channel, so as to enhance the heat dissipation effect of the heat dissipation frame 201.
The heat dissipation frame 201 can be arranged between the two battery assemblies 10, a groove for fixing the battery assemblies 10 is arranged on the heat dissipation frame 201, the bottom of each battery assembly 10 is opposite to the heat dissipation frame 201, and the heat dissipation frame 201 is attached to the battery assemblies 10, so that the battery assemblies 10 can dissipate heat through the heat dissipation frame 201. The top and bottom of the battery module 20 are the same, because the bottoms of the two battery assemblies 10 are opposite, so that the top and bottom of the battery module 20 are both the top of the battery assembly 10 (i.e., the location where the cell pressure release valve 1033 and the electrode 1032 are located) as shown in fig. 5b, and fig. 5b is a perspective view of a battery module provided in an embodiment of the present application.
Fig. 5c is a cross-sectional view of a battery module according to an embodiment of the present application, in which battery assemblies 10 are symmetrically disposed on two sides of a heat dissipation frame 201, so that the bottom surface of a battery cell 103 on one side of the heat dissipation frame 201 is opposite to the bottom surface of the battery cell 103 on the other side, and the battery assemblies 10 are respectively mounted on two sides of one heat dissipation frame 201, so that the battery assemblies 10 are substantially symmetrical along the heat dissipation frame 201.
The surface of the battery cell 103 contacting the heat dissipation frame 201 is a heat dissipation surface, and optionally, the heat conducting glue is coated between the battery cell 103 and the heat dissipation frame 201, so that the thermal contact resistance of the heat dissipation surface is lower, and the heat dissipation of the battery cell 103 is facilitated.
A cooling channel can be further arranged in the heat dissipation frame 201, cooling liquid is contained in the cooling channel, and the heat dissipation frame 201 can further enhance the heat dissipation effect on the battery cell 103 through the cooling liquid.
Optionally, as shown in fig. 6, fig. 6 is a schematic view of a heat dissipation frame provided in the embodiment of the present application, the heat dissipation frame 201 further includes heat dissipation fins 2011, the heat dissipation fins 2011 are tightly attached to the side surface of the battery assembly 10 along the edge of the heat dissipation frame 201, and the thickness of the heat dissipation fins 2011 may be 2-5 mm. The heat dissipation fins 2011 further increase the area of the heat dissipation surface from the battery cell 103 to the heat dissipation frame 201, and improve the heat dissipation power.
As a further alternative, as shown in fig. 6, at the position of the heat insulation sheet 107 between the adjacent cell units, the heat dissipation frame 201 extends out of the heat dissipation fins 2011 between the cells 103 along the direction perpendicular to the heat dissipation surface of the battery cells. The end faces of the heat dissipation fins 2011 between the battery cells 103 are tightly attached to the heat insulation sheet 107, and the thickness of the heat dissipation fins 2011 between the battery cells 103 can be 2-5 mm.
If the ratio a/V of the total area a of the heat dissipation surfaces of all the battery cells 103 in each battery cell unit, which are tightly attached to the heat dissipation frame 201, and the total volume V of all the battery cells 103 in each battery cell unit is greater than or equal to 10, it can be ensured that the battery cells 103 have sufficient heat dissipation capacity after thermal runaway. The heat dissipation frame 201 is made of a material having high thermal conductivity, and preferably, an aluminum alloy is used.
When thermal runaway occurs, the temperature of the thermal runaway battery cell 103 rises suddenly, and most of the heat is carried away from the battery cell 103 through the high-temperature jet. A part of the residual heat in the thermal runaway battery cell 103 can be rapidly conducted out through the heat dissipation frame 201, so that the shell temperature of the thermal runaway battery cell 103 is reduced. Meanwhile, because the heat insulation sheet 107 is arranged between the adjacent cell units, the residual heat of the thermal runaway cell 103 is conducted to the adjacent cell units. After thermal equilibrium, the temperature of the battery cell 103 of the adjacent battery cell unit approaches but does not reach the trigger threshold of thermal runaway, so that thermal spread is inhibited.
The battery module of this application embodiment because set up the heat dissipation frame between battery pack, when the thermal runaway, the heat of electric core is derived rapidly through the heat dissipation frame, has reduced the temperature of thermal runaway's electric core, with heat conduction to adjacent electric core, potential safety hazard when having reduced electric core thermal runaway.
Example III,
Based on the battery assembly 10 described in the first embodiment and the battery module 20 described in the second embodiment, an embodiment of the present invention provides a battery energy storage device 30, as shown in fig. 7, fig. 7 is a structural diagram of the battery energy storage device provided in the second embodiment, the battery energy storage device 30 includes at least one battery module 20, and the battery module 20 is the battery module 20 described in the second embodiment.
Optionally, in an embodiment of the present application, as shown in fig. 7, the battery energy storage device 30 further includes a housing 301 and a smoke isolation guide plate 302;
as shown in fig. 8, fig. 8 is a structural diagram of a battery energy storage device according to an embodiment of the present application, a third flue gas channel 303 is disposed on a housing 301, a flue gas isolation guide plate 302 is disposed between two battery modules 20, and tops of the two battery modules 20 face the flue gas isolation guide plate 302 and leave a certain gap with the flue gas isolation guide plate 302; so that the flue gas passes through the top separator plate 102 of the battery module 20 through the first flue gas passage 1021 to be discharged from the third flue gas passage 303 along the flue gas separation guide plate 302.
Alternatively, in an embodiment of the present application, as shown in fig. 9, fig. 9 is a cross-sectional view of a housing provided in an embodiment of the present application, and the third flue gas channel 303 includes an outer bore 3031, an inner bore 3032 and a connecting channel 3033; the inner hole 3032 is arranged on the inner wall of the shell 301, the outer hole 3031 is arranged on the outer wall, the inner hole 3032 is communicated with the outer hole 3031 through a connecting channel 3033, and the inner hole 3032 and the outer hole 3031 are staggered to increase the distance of the connecting channel 3033, so that the high-temperature smoke is cooled in the connecting channel 3033.
Optionally, a smoke filter (not shown in the figure) may be disposed at the inner hole 3032, and a pressure relief valve (not shown in the figure) may be installed at the outer hole 3031. The smoke filter screen arranged at the inner hole 3032 can ensure that smoke discharged from the battery energy storage device 30 is clearer, and prevent air pollution. The smoke filter screen arranged at the inner hole 3032 can also contain chemical substances so as to reduce the harm of toxic substances in the smoke to surrounding personnel.
Optionally, as shown in fig. 8, the housing 301 includes a top cover 3011, a bottom cover 3012, two first side beams 3013, and two second side beams 3014; the top cover 3011, the bottom cover 3012, the two first side beams 3013 and the two second side beams 3014 are fixedly connected to form a cavity for accommodating at least one battery module 20.
Alternatively, in one embodiment of the present application, the top cover 3011 and the bottom cover 3012 are respectively opposite to two first sides of the battery module 20; the first side beam 3013 and the second side beam 3014 are respectively opposite to two second sides of the battery module 20, and the area of the first side is larger than that of the second side; the second side beams 3014 are respectively opposite to the bottoms of the battery modules 20.
The third flue gas channel 303 may be disposed on the first side beam 3013, or may be disposed on the second side beam, which is not limited in this application.
Optionally, in an embodiment of the present application, as shown in fig. 10, fig. 10 is a structural diagram of a battery energy storage device provided in the embodiment of the present application, and at least one pressure relief hole 30111 is provided in the top cover 3011.
Optionally, in an embodiment of the present application, battery energy storage device 30 further includes a trim plate 304, wherein trim plate 304 is fixed to top cover 3011 opposite to the at least one pressure relief hole 30111.
The pressure relief hole 30111 may assist in pressure relief at high temperatures. The pressure relief holes 30111 may be disposed only on the top cover 3011 for smoke exhaust, or the pressure relief holes 30111 may be disposed on the bottom cover 3012 for smoke exhaust, or the pressure relief holes 30111 may be disposed on both the top cover 3011 and the bottom cover 3012 for smoke exhaust, which may be specifically selected according to actual needs, and this embodiment is not specifically limited to this.
Fig. 11 is a cross-sectional view of a battery energy storage device according to an embodiment of the present application, and as shown in fig. 11, the battery energy storage device 30 includes a battery module 20. The top separator 102 of the battery module 20 is disposed opposite to the top cover 3011 of the housing 301 with a gap. Optionally, a thermal protection layer may be disposed between the top cover 3011 of the housing 301 and the battery module 20 to prevent the high-temperature ejecta of the battery module 20 from melting through the top cover 3011 of the housing 301. The second side beam 3014 is provided with a third flue gas channel 303, and the third flue gas channel 303 may be provided with a pressure relief valve. When thermal runaway, the high-temperature ejections are reflected on the top cover 3011 of the shell 301 after being ejected through the first smoke channel 1021 of the battery module 20, and then are discharged out of the battery energy storage device 30 through the third smoke channel 303 of the second side beam 3014 through the circulation space, so that the high-temperature ejections are fully cooled, spark jet flow is blocked, and the phenomenon of fire spraying is effectively avoided.
Fig. 12 is a cross-sectional view of a battery energy storage device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, and as shown in fig. 12, the battery energy storage device 30 includes two battery modules 20. The top separator 102 of the battery module 20 is disposed in parallel with the first side beam 3013 of the case 301. A third flue gas channel 303 is provided on the second side beam 3014 of the enclosure 301. The top isolation plates 102 of the adjacent battery modules 20 are oppositely arranged and have an inter-block gap, and one end of the adjacent two battery modules 20 which is oppositely arranged is provided with a pressure relief channel; flue gas isolation deflector 302 is fixed in between two battery module 20, and flue gas isolation deflector 302 divides into two circulation spaces with the clearance between two battery module 20 along the direction of perpendicular to top division board 102, and two circulation spaces correspond two adjacent battery module 20 settings respectively, and each circulation space communicates with the pressure release passageway of adjacent battery module 20, and all communicates to third flue gas passageway 303 and the relief valve that sets up on second side beam 3014. After electric core 103 takes place thermal runaway, the high temperature blowout thing spouts to flue gas isolation deflector 302 through battery module 20's first flue gas passageway 1021, through the reflection back, reachs third flue gas passageway 303 through the circulation space again, discharges battery energy memory 30 through the relief valve at last, makes the abundant cooling of high temperature blowout thing to blockked the mars efflux, the effectual phenomenon of avoiding the flame.
The battery energy storage device of the embodiment of the application comprises a smoke isolation guide plate and a shell, wherein a top isolation plate is arranged in a battery assembly, when the battery assembly is out of control due to heat, smoke in a battery core can not enter other battery cores under the action of the top isolation plate after passing through a battery core relief valve on the battery core, and flows to a third smoke channel on the shell through the smoke isolation guide plate, and the third smoke channel is discharged, so that the potential safety hazard when the battery core is out of control due to heat is reduced.
The product can execute the method provided by the embodiment of the application, and has the corresponding functional modules and beneficial effects of the execution method. For technical details that are not described in detail in this embodiment, reference may be made to the methods provided in the embodiments of the present application.
It should be noted that in this specification, like reference numerals and letters refer to like items in the following drawings, and thus, once an item is defined in one drawing, it need not be further defined and explained in subsequent drawings.
In the description of the present embodiment, it should be noted that the terms "upper", "lower", "inner", "bottom", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings or orientations or positional relationships that are conventionally placed when the products of the present invention are used, and are only used for convenience in describing the present invention and simplifying the description, but do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements indicated must have specific orientations, be configured in specific orientations, and operate, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
The terms "first," "second," and the like, are used solely to distinguish one from another and are not to be construed as indicating or implying a relative importance, order, or necessity, or the like.
In the description of the present embodiment, it should be further noted that, unless explicitly stated or limited otherwise, the terms "disposed," "connected," and "connected" are to be interpreted broadly, e.g., as a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present embodiment can be understood in specific cases by those of ordinary skill in the art.
It should also be noted that the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising an … …" does not exclude the presence of other like elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.
The embodiments in the present specification are described in a progressive manner, and the same and similar parts among the embodiments are referred to each other, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from the other embodiments. In particular, for the system embodiment, since it is substantially similar to the method embodiment, the description is simple, and for the relevant points, reference may be made to the partial description of the method embodiment.
The above description is only an example of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application. Various modifications and changes may occur to those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present application should be included in the scope of the claims of the present application.
Claims (14)
1. A battery assembly, comprising: the battery comprises a heat insulation fixing frame, a top isolating plate and a plurality of stacked battery cores;
the heat insulation fixing frame surrounds the plurality of battery cells so as to fix the positions of the battery cells;
each battery cell comprises a battery cell main body, an electrode and a battery cell pressure relief valve, wherein the battery cell pressure relief valve is used for discharging smoke;
the top isolating plate is mounted at the top of the heat-insulating fixed frame and is attached to the top of the heat-insulating fixed frame, a first flue gas channel is arranged on the top isolating plate and used for discharging flue gas, and the position of the first flue gas channel is opposite to that of the cell pressure release valve;
a first electrode through hole is formed in the top isolation plate, so that the electrode penetrates through the first electrode through hole to be electrically connected;
the battery assembly further includes: a top protection plate is arranged between the top isolation plate and the battery cell and is installed at the top of the heat insulation fixing frame, a second flue gas channel is arranged on the top protection plate and is used for discharging flue gas, the position of the second flue gas channel is opposite to that of the first flue gas channel, and the top protection plate is used for enabling the top isolation plate to be attached to the battery cell, discharging gas through the battery cell pressure release valve, and discharging the gas after passing through the second flue gas channel and the first flue gas channel;
the four side surfaces of each battery cell comprise a first side surface with a large area and a second side surface with a small area, the number of the battery cells stacked in the vertical direction of the first side surface in the battery assembly is less than that of the battery cells stacked in the vertical direction of the second side surface, and the first side surface is used as a main heat transfer surface between the battery cells;
the battery cell comprises a top partition plate, a heat insulation fixing frame, a battery cell and a battery cell, wherein at least one convex rib is arranged on the top partition plate, the convex rib faces the heat insulation fixing frame, and the convex rib is tightly attached to the battery cell, so that the tops of the battery cells are mutually isolated by the convex rib.
2. The battery module of claim 1, wherein the top protection plate is attached to the top of the battery cell, the top separator plate is attached to the top protection plate, and the top protection plate is provided with a second electrode through hole, so that the electrode passes through the second electrode through hole to be electrically connected.
3. The battery assembly of claim 1, further comprising a smoke barrier strip mounted to a side of the battery assembly.
4. The battery assembly of claim 1, further comprising electrical connection tabs mounted above the top separator plate, the electrodes of the cells being electrically connected by the electrical connection tabs.
5. The battery assembly of claim 1, further comprising at least one thermal spacer disposed between the sidewalls of the cells.
6. The battery pack of claim 1, further comprising a bottom plate disposed at a bottom of the battery pack, wherein the bottom plate is fixedly connected to the heat-insulating fixing frame to form a cavity for accommodating the battery cell.
7. A battery module, characterized in that the battery module comprises at least one battery pack according to any one of claims 1 to 6;
the battery module further comprises a heat dissipation frame, wherein the heat dissipation frame is installed on one side, or at least one battery assembly is installed on each of two sides of the heat dissipation frame, so that the battery assembly can dissipate heat through the heat dissipation frame;
the bottom surface of the battery assembly is opposite to the heat dissipation frame, and the bottom surface of the battery core of the battery assembly is attached to the heat dissipation frame;
the battery assembly comprises a plurality of battery cells, wherein the battery cells form a battery cell unit, the sum of the areas of heat dissipation surfaces, clinging to the heat dissipation frame, of all the battery cells in each battery cell unit is A, the sum of the volumes of all the battery cells in each battery cell unit is V, and the A/V is larger than or equal to 10, so that the battery cells have enough heat dissipation capacity after thermal runaway.
8. The battery module according to claim 7,
the heat dissipation frame is provided with convex ribs at positions corresponding to the heat insulation fixing frame, and the convex ribs of the heat dissipation frame are attached to the lower edge of the heat insulation fixing frame or a gap is reserved between the convex ribs and the lower edge of the heat insulation fixing frame; and the heat dissipation frame also comprises heat dissipation fins, and the heat dissipation fins are tightly attached to the side faces of the battery assembly along the edges of the heat dissipation frame so as to increase the area of a heat dissipation surface from the battery core to the heat dissipation frame.
9. The battery module according to claim 7,
the cooling frame is internally provided with a cooling flow passage, and the cooling flow passage is used for containing cooling liquid.
10. A battery energy storage device, characterized in that the battery energy storage device comprises at least one battery module, and the battery module is the battery module according to any one of claims 7-9.
11. The battery energy storage device of claim 10, further comprising a housing and a flue gas isolation deflector; the shell is provided with a third smoke channel, the smoke isolation guide plate is arranged between the two battery modules, the tops of the two battery modules face the smoke isolation guide plate, and a gap is formed between the top of the two battery modules and the smoke isolation guide plate; so that the flue gas passes through the top isolating plate of the battery module through the first flue gas channel and is discharged from the third flue gas channel along the flue gas isolating and guiding plate.
12. The battery energy storage device of claim 11, wherein the third flue gas channel comprises an outer hole, an inner hole, and a connecting channel; the inner hole is arranged on the inner wall of the shell, the outer hole is arranged on the outer wall of the shell, the positions of the inner hole and the outer hole are staggered, and the inner hole is communicated with the outer hole through the connecting channel; wherein, the hole is provided with the flue gas filter screen.
13. The battery energy storage device of claim 11, wherein said housing comprises a top cover, a bottom cover, two first side beams and two second side beams; the top cover, the bottom cover, the two first side beams and the two second side beams are fixedly connected to form a cavity for accommodating the at least one battery module.
14. The battery energy storage device of claim 13, wherein the top cover and the bottom cover are respectively opposite to two first sides of the battery module; the first side beam and the second side beam are respectively opposite to two second side surfaces of the battery module, and the area of the first side surface is larger than that of the second side surface; the second side beams are respectively opposite to the bottoms of the battery modules.
Priority Applications (1)
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| CN201911221892.7A CN113013531B (en) | 2019-12-03 | 2019-12-03 | Battery pack, battery module and battery energy storage device |
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| CN201911221892.7A CN113013531B (en) | 2019-12-03 | 2019-12-03 | Battery pack, battery module and battery energy storage device |
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| WO2023133755A1 (en) * | 2022-01-13 | 2023-07-20 | 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司 | Battery, electric device, and method and device for manufacturing battery |
| SE2250873A1 (en) * | 2022-07-08 | 2024-01-09 | Northvolt Ab | Honeycomb potting |
| CN218731602U (en) * | 2022-09-01 | 2023-03-24 | 陕西奥林波斯电力能源有限责任公司 | Battery pack thermal runaway flue gas treatment system and battery pack |
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