CN113013274A - Light reflecting structure, photovoltaic module and preparation method of photovoltaic module - Google Patents

Light reflecting structure, photovoltaic module and preparation method of photovoltaic module Download PDF

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Publication number
CN113013274A
CN113013274A CN202110241882.0A CN202110241882A CN113013274A CN 113013274 A CN113013274 A CN 113013274A CN 202110241882 A CN202110241882 A CN 202110241882A CN 113013274 A CN113013274 A CN 113013274A
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China
Prior art keywords
light reflecting
photovoltaic module
film
strip
cell
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Granted
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CN202110241882.0A
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Chinese (zh)
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CN113013274B (en
Inventor
徐涛
陶武松
王路闯
白杨
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Zhejiang Jinko Solar Co Ltd
Jinko Solar Co Ltd
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Zhejiang Jinko Solar Co Ltd
Jinko Solar Co Ltd
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Priority to CN202310105240.7A priority Critical patent/CN115985990A/en
Priority to CN202110241882.0A priority patent/CN113013274B/en
Publication of CN113013274A publication Critical patent/CN113013274A/en
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
    • H01L31/04—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof adapted as photovoltaic [PV] conversion devices
    • H01L31/054—Optical elements directly associated or integrated with the PV cell, e.g. light-reflecting means or light-concentrating means
    • H01L31/056—Optical elements directly associated or integrated with the PV cell, e.g. light-reflecting means or light-concentrating means the light-reflecting means being of the back surface reflector [BSR] type
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
    • H01L31/04—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof adapted as photovoltaic [PV] conversion devices
    • H01L31/042—PV modules or arrays of single PV cells
    • H01L31/048—Encapsulation of modules
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
    • H01L31/18—Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment of these devices or of parts thereof
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
    • Y02E10/52—PV systems with concentrators
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
    • Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Condensed Matter Physics & Semiconductors (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
  • Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Photovoltaic Devices (AREA)

Abstract

The application provides a light reflecting structure, a photovoltaic module and a preparation method of the photovoltaic module, wherein the light reflecting structure is composed of at least one light reflecting strip extending in the length direction of a battery string, and the light reflecting strip is used for reflecting light positioned at the string gap position in the photovoltaic module and/or light positioned at the edge of the photovoltaic module onto the battery piece. This application makes the light of shining to cluster clearance department can by make full use of through reflection of light structure to photovoltaic module photoelectric conversion efficiency's maximize has effectively been promoted. In addition, the reflecting structure can also be arranged at the edge of the photovoltaic module to reflect the light irradiated to the outer part of the edge of the photovoltaic module to the cell, so that the photoelectric conversion efficiency can be further improved.

Description

Light reflecting structure, photovoltaic module and preparation method of photovoltaic module
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of photovoltaic module manufacturing, in particular to a light reflecting structure, a photovoltaic module and a preparation method of the photovoltaic module.
Background
With the rapid development of the photovoltaic industry, the high power of the photovoltaic module is the goal pursued by the industry. Due to the fact that cell pieces in the photovoltaic module have piece gaps and string gaps, light energy cannot be fully utilized. In order to reduce the loss of light energy at the sheet gap and the string gap, a photovoltaic module without the sheet gap is developed at present, but the loss of light energy at the string gap cannot be effectively solved, and the maximization of the photoelectric conversion efficiency cannot be realized.
Disclosure of Invention
The application aims to provide a light reflecting structure, a photovoltaic module and a preparation method of the photovoltaic module, so as to solve the problem that light energy is lost at a string gap in the prior art.
The first aspect of the present application provides a light reflecting structure, wherein, the light reflecting structure comprises at least one light reflecting strip extending in the length direction of the cell string, and the light reflecting strip is used for reflecting the light at the edge of the photovoltaic module and/or the light at the position of the string gap in the photovoltaic module onto the cell sheet.
In one possible design, the light reflecting structure is formed by more than two light reflecting strips, the light reflecting strips are parallel to each other, and two adjacent light reflecting strips are spaced by an equal distance.
In a possible design, the reflective strip comprises a film layer body and at least one buffer film, the buffer film is fixedly arranged on the film layer body, the buffer film comprises an inclined plane, the inclined plane corresponds to the overlapping surface of two adjacent battery plates in position, and the inclined plane is parallel to the overlapping surface.
In one possible design, one surface of the buffer film, which is far away from the inclined surface, is fixedly attached to one surface, close to the battery piece, of the film body.
In one possible design, one surface of the film layer body, which is far away from the battery piece, is attached to the inclined surface and two side surfaces of the buffer film in the length direction of the film layer body.
In a possible design, a strip-shaped protrusion is arranged on one surface of the film body, which is close to the battery piece, and the two sides of the strip-shaped protrusion in the width direction of the film body respectively comprise a first light reflecting surface and a second light reflecting surface.
In one possible design, the film body is arranged at the edge of the photovoltaic module, the length of the first light reflecting surface is greater than that of the second light reflecting surface, and the first light reflecting surface faces to one side where the cell is located.
In one possible design, the maximum thickness range value of the buffer film is 160-210 um, the length range value of the inclined plane is 150-210 mm, and the inclined angle range value of the inclined plane is 0.09-0.16 degrees.
In one possible design, the film body sequentially comprises a film layer, a substrate layer and a functional layer from bottom to top, and the film layer is used for being fixedly attached to the back plate of the photovoltaic module.
In one possible design, the functional layer comprises a metal layer or an inorganic material layer.
In one possible design, the inorganic material layer is a titanium dioxide layer or a glaze layer.
The second aspect of this application provides a photovoltaic module, wherein, including the reflection of light structure that this application first aspect provided, photovoltaic module by supreme backplate of including in proper order reflection of light structure, back encapsulation glued membrane, battery cluster, front encapsulation glued membrane and apron, the string clearance between reflection of light structure and two adjacent battery clusters aligns.
In one possible design, the battery string comprises a plurality of half battery pieces, each half battery piece comprises a cutting part and a connecting part which are formed on two sides of the half battery piece, and the connecting part of one half battery piece is overlapped and fixed with the cutting part of the other half battery piece.
In one possible design, the connecting portion is provided with a chamfer, and the light reflecting structure is provided with a plurality of flange portions on both sides in the width direction, the flange portions being aligned with the chamfer positions.
In one possible design, the distance between two adjacent flange parts is 78-82 mm, or 103-107 mm.
In one possible design, the flange portion protrudes 3 to 5mm in a width direction of the light reflecting structure.
In one possible design, the photovoltaic module further includes a bus bar, and the light reflecting structure is aligned with the bus bar.
In a possible design, a first strip-shaped protrusion and a second strip-shaped protrusion are arranged on one surface, close to the battery piece, of the film layer body, a first light reflecting portion is arranged on the first strip-shaped protrusion, a second light reflecting portion is arranged on the second strip-shaped protrusion, and the first light reflecting portion and the second light reflecting portion are inclined towards two sides of the bus bar in the width direction respectively so as to reflect light irradiated to the position of the bus bar to the battery pieces on two sides of the bus bar.
In one possible design, a centerline of the light reflecting structure in the length direction is aligned with a centerline of the string gap in the length direction.
In one possible design, the width of the light reflecting strip is 2-5 times of the width of the cell string gap.
In one possible design, the half-cell is a bifacial solar cell.
The third aspect of the present application also provides a photovoltaic module preparation method, wherein, for preparing the photovoltaic module provided by the second aspect of the present application, the method comprises the following steps:
bonding the light reflecting strips in the light reflecting structure to a set position on the back plate, wherein the set position faces one side face of the battery string;
and sequentially laminating the back plate adhered with the light reflecting strips, the back packaging adhesive film, the battery string, the front packaging adhesive film and the cover plate, and preparing to form the photovoltaic module through a post-process.
In a possible design, the adhering the light reflecting strips in the light reflecting structure to the back plate at a set position facing one side of the battery string specifically includes:
bonding a buffer film to the film body to form the light reflecting structure;
bonding the film layer body to the back plate at a set position facing one side of the battery string.
In one possible design, before the back plate, the back-side packaging adhesive film, the battery string, the front-side packaging adhesive film and the cover plate adhered with the light reflecting structure are sequentially stacked and subjected to post-process preparation to form the photovoltaic module, the method further includes:
cutting the whole cell to obtain a half cell;
flattening the round wire welding strip in the radial direction by adopting a flattening process so as to reduce the radial thickness of the round wire welding strip;
and welding and connecting more than two half battery pieces through the round wire welding strip to form the battery string.
In one possible design, after the whole cell is cut to obtain half cells, the method further includes:
and arranging a buffer layer at the edge of the half cell positioned in the lap joint area.
In a possible design, the disposing a buffer layer in the lap joint region of the half cell includes:
coating gel on the lap joint area of the half battery pieces;
and standing the half cell plate to solidify the gel.
In one possible design, the standing time of the half battery piece is 2-4 hours.
In a possible design, the disposing a buffer layer in the lap joint region of the half cell includes:
and adhering the solid film to the lap joint area of the half cell piece.
In one possible design, the thickness of the buffer layer is 1-100 um.
In one possible design, the width of the buffer layer is 0.2-2 mm.
In a possible design, the flattening the circular wire solder strip in the radial direction by using a flattening process to reduce the radial thickness of the circular wire solder strip specifically includes:
and flattening the part, corresponding to the lap joint area, of the round wire welding strip in the radial direction by adopting a flattening process so as to reduce the radial thickness of the part, corresponding to the lap joint area, of the round wire welding strip.
In a possible design, the flattening the circular wire solder strip in the radial direction by using a flattening process to reduce the radial thickness of the circular wire solder strip specifically includes:
and flattening the part, corresponding to the lap joint area, of the round wire welding strip in the radial direction by adopting a flattening process, so that the radial thickness of the part, corresponding to the lap joint area, of the round wire welding strip is reduced to 1/3-1/2 of the diameter of the round wire welding strip.
In one possible design, after flattening the circular wire bond ribbon in a radial direction using a flattening process to reduce a radial thickness of the circular wire bond ribbon, the method further comprises:
heating the round wire welding strip according to the annealing temperature of the round wire welding strip material;
and cooling the heated round wire welding strip.
In a possible design, the cooling process is performed on the heated round wire welding strip, and specifically includes:
and cooling the round wire welding strip by adopting an air cooling method or a water cooling method.
In a possible design, the adhering the film layer body to the back plate at a set position facing one side of the battery string specifically comprises:
heating the film body through a hot air blowing process to pre-melt the film body;
and bonding the pre-melted film layer body at a set position on the back plate, and solidifying.
The technical scheme provided by the application can achieve the following beneficial effects:
according to the light reflecting structure, the photovoltaic module and the preparation method of the photovoltaic module, light irradiated to the string gaps can be fully utilized through the light reflecting structure, and therefore the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the photovoltaic module is effectively maximized. In addition, the reflecting structure can also be arranged at the edge of the photovoltaic module to reflect the light irradiated to the outer part of the edge of the photovoltaic module to the cell, so that the photoelectric conversion efficiency can be further improved. The photovoltaic module with the light reflecting structure can achieve improvement of overall power and improve the generated energy by about 2%.
It is to be understood that both the foregoing general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and explanatory only and are not restrictive of the application.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a top view of a photovoltaic module according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view A-A of FIG. 1 of a photovoltaic module provided in accordance with an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view A-A of FIG. 1 of a photovoltaic module according to another embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of a portion of the light reflecting structure;
FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of a buffer film;
FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of a light reflecting structure;
FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view taken at B-B of FIG. 1;
fig. 8 is a top view (two) of a photovoltaic module provided in an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view at C-C of FIG. 8;
fig. 10 is a diagram showing an arrangement state of half cells;
FIG. 11 is a schematic view of a light reflecting structure;
FIG. 12 is a view showing another arrangement of half cells;
FIG. 13 is a schematic view of another embodiment of a light reflecting structure;
fig. 14 is a flow chart of a method for manufacturing a photovoltaic module provided by an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 15 is a view of the round wire solder strip before flattening;
FIG. 16 is a view of the round wire solder strip after flattening;
FIG. 17 is a view showing a state where a portion of the wire bonding tape corresponding to the lap joint region is flattened;
fig. 18 is a schematic structural view of a half cell piece and a buffer layer.
Reference numerals:
1-half of battery piece;
11-a lap zone;
12-chamfering;
13-a buffer layer;
14-string gap;
2-round wire welding strip;
3-cover plate;
4-packaging the adhesive film on the front surface;
5-packaging the adhesive film on the back;
6-a back plate;
7-reflecting strips;
71-film bulk;
711-a functional layer;
712-a substrate layer;
713-a glue film layer;
714-strip-shaped protrusions;
7141-a first light-reflecting face;
7142-a second light-reflecting face;
715-first bar-shaped protrusions;
7151-a first light reflecting portion;
716-a second bar-shaped protrusion;
7161-a second light reflecting portion;
72-a buffer film;
73-flange part;
8-a bus bar;
a-the length of the bevel;
b-maximum thickness;
theta-angle.
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with the present application and together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the application.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present application more apparent, the present application is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present application and are not intended to limit the present application.
In the description of the present application, unless explicitly stated or limited otherwise, the terms "first", "second", and the like are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance; the term "plurality" means two or more unless specified or indicated otherwise; the terms "connected," "fixed," and the like are to be construed broadly and may, for example, be fixedly connected, detachably connected, integrally connected, or electrically connected; may be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art as appropriate.
In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the terms "upper" and "lower" used in the description of the embodiments of the present application are used in a descriptive sense only and not for purposes of limitation. In addition, in this context, it will also be understood that when an element is referred to as being "on" or "under" another element, it can be directly on "or" under "the other element or be indirectly on" or "under" the other element via an intermediate element.
As shown in fig. 1 to 13, the present embodiment provides a light reflecting structure, which is composed of at least one light reflecting strip 7 extending in the length direction of the cell string, wherein the light reflecting strip 7 is used for reflecting light in the photovoltaic module at the string gap 14 position and/or light at the edge of the photovoltaic module onto the cell sheet. The photovoltaic module with the light reflecting structure can achieve improvement of overall power and improve the generated energy by about 2%.
Wherein, the reflection of light structure corresponds with cluster clearance 14 position department, and when the light struck when this reflection of light structure was last, the reflection of light structure can reflect light to the battery piece on both sides to the messenger shines the light that cluster clearance 14 department can by make full use of, thereby has effectively promoted photovoltaic module photoelectric conversion efficiency's maximize. In addition, the reflecting structure can also be arranged at the edge of the photovoltaic module to reflect the light irradiated to the outer part of the edge of the photovoltaic module to the cell, so that the photoelectric conversion efficiency can be further improved.
Wherein, when the photovoltaic module comprises only two cell strings, the light reflecting structure may correspond to the string gap 14 between the two cell strings to reflect the light irradiated to the string gap 14 onto the two cell strings. Of course, the photovoltaic module may also include a plurality of cell strings, so that the photovoltaic module has more than two string gaps 14, and in this case, one light reflecting structure may correspond to one string gap 14, thereby avoiding light energy loss at any string gap 14.
The reflective strips 7 are of a long strip structure, and the length of the reflective strips 7 can be larger than or equal to that of the string gaps 14, so that light irradiating the string gaps 14 can be fully reflected by the reflective strips 7, and the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the photovoltaic module is improved.
In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, the light reflecting structure is composed of more than two light reflecting strips 7, the light reflecting strips 7 are parallel to each other, and two adjacent light reflecting strips 7 are spaced by an equal distance.
The cell string is arranged between the two adjacent reflecting strips 7, light can directly irradiate on each cell slice to perform photoelectric conversion without being reflected by the reflecting strips 7, therefore, the reflecting strips 7 are only arranged at the positions aligned with the string gaps 14, and the light irradiated to the string gaps 14 is reflected to the cell slices, so that the light energy is fully utilized.
As a specific implementation manner, the light-reflecting strip 7 includes a film layer body 71 and at least one buffer film 72, the buffer film 72 is fixedly disposed on the film layer body 71, the buffer film 72 includes an inclined plane, the inclined plane is aligned with the overlapping surface of two adjacent battery plates, and the inclined plane is parallel to the overlapping surface.
The battery string is formed by overlapping a plurality of battery sheets in sequence, that is, the edge of one battery sheet is overlapped with the edge of another battery sheet, the overlapped part of two battery sheets forms an overlapping area 11, and the surface for overlapping in the overlapping area 11 of the battery sheets forms an overlapping surface, wherein the battery sheets can be fixed by gluing or welding, so that no sheet gap exists between the battery sheets. However, the overlapping position of the cell plates generates large stress concentration, and the cell plates are easy to crack in the lamination process.
For this reason, in the present embodiment, the buffer film 72 may be disposed on the film body 71 to relieve the stress at the overlapping position of the cell pieces through the buffer film 72, the size of the buffer film 72 is slightly larger than the overlapping position between the cell pieces, and after the parts of the photovoltaic module are stacked, the buffer film 72 may be aligned with the overlapping position between the cell pieces to relieve the stress. The stress direction of the battery pieces in the laminating process forms a certain included angle with the surfaces of the battery pieces due to the fact that the battery pieces are inclined at the overlapping positions, stress of the overlapping positions of the battery pieces is prone to being excessively concentrated, and therefore the battery pieces are prone to being cracked or separated. For this reason, the buffer film 72 is provided with an inclined surface parallel to the overlapping surface at the overlapping position, and when the battery plate is subjected to lamination pressure, the inclined surface can provide a reaction force perpendicular to the overlapping surface, so as to relieve stress concentration and avoid the separation of the battery plate.
In a specific embodiment, as shown in fig. 2, a surface of the buffer film 72 facing away from the inclined surface is fixedly attached to a surface of the film body 71 close to the battery cell.
In the process of laminating the photovoltaic module, one surface of the film layer body 71 can be fixed on the back plate 6, the other surface of the film layer body 71 is fixedly attached to one surface, deviating from the inclined surface, of the buffer film 72, and the inclined surface of the buffer film 72 can be aligned with the lap joint part on the cell piece so as to relieve stress concentration of the lap joint part.
In another specific embodiment, as shown in fig. 3, one surface of the film body 71 away from the battery piece is attached to the inclined surface of the buffer film 72 and two side surfaces of the buffer film 72 in the length direction of the film body 71.
In this embodiment, the film body 71 can partially coat the buffer film 72, and one surface of the film body 71 away from the battery piece and one surface of the buffer film 72 away from the battery piece can be both fixed on the back plate 6, so that the bonding area between the buffer film 72 and the film body 71 can be increased, and reliable fixation between the buffer film 72 and the film body 71 is ensured. In addition, the position of the film layer body 71, which is attached to the buffer film 72, is supported by the buffer film 72, so that the structure shape of the buffer film 72 is the same as that of the buffer film 72, that is, the film layer body 71 also forms an inclined surface corresponding to the inclined surface on the buffer film 72, so that light can be directly emitted to the inclined surface of the battery piece corresponding to the inclined surface through the inclined surface on the film layer body 71, and the reflectivity of the light is improved.
As a specific implementation manner, as shown in fig. 6 and 7, a strip-shaped protrusion 714 is disposed on one surface of the film body 71 close to the battery piece, and both sides of the strip-shaped protrusion 714 in the width direction of the film body 71 respectively include a first reflective surface 7141 and a second reflective surface 7142. The strip-shaped protrusion 714 extends in the length direction of the film body 71, and specifically, the length of the strip-shaped protrusion 714 may be equal to the length of the film body 71, and the strip-shaped protrusion reflects light to the cells on both sides through the first light reflecting surface 7141 and the second light reflecting surface 7142. Both the first light reflecting face 7141 and the second light reflecting face 7142 can be inclined faces.
As a specific implementation manner, the film body 71 is disposed at the edge of the photovoltaic module, the length of the first reflective face 7141 is greater than that of the second reflective face 7142, and the first reflective face 7141 faces the side where the cell is located, so that light irradiated to the edge of the photovoltaic module is reflected to the cell through the first reflective face 7141. The first reflective face 7141 can be an inclined face, and the second reflective face 7142 can be a face perpendicular to the surface of the photovoltaic module, as shown in fig. 7, without reflecting light.
As a specific implementation manner, as shown in fig. 5, the maximum thickness b of the buffer film 72 ranges from 160 to 210um, the length a of the inclined plane ranges from 150 to 210mm, and the inclination angle θ of the inclined plane ranges from 0.09 to 0.16 °, so that the buffer film 72 can achieve a better effect of relieving stress, and meanwhile, the increase of the thickness of the photovoltaic module can be avoided.
As a specific implementation manner, as shown in fig. 4, the film body 71 sequentially includes, from bottom to top, a glue film layer 713, a substrate layer 712, and a functional layer 711, where the glue film layer 713 is used for being fixedly attached to the back plate 6 of the photovoltaic module. The adhesive film layer 713 may be heated to be melted by a hot air blowing process, so that the adhesive film layer 713 can be adhered to a set position of the back panel 6, and after being cured, the film body 71 and the back panel 6 may be fixed.
The functional layer 711 may function as a light reflecting layer, or may function as a light trapping layer for a black or dark material.
The functional layer 711 may include a metal layer or an inorganic material layer, and particularly may include a titanium dioxide layer or a glaze layer having a diffuse reflection function.
The embodiment of the application also provides a photovoltaic module, as shown in fig. 2 and fig. 3, the photovoltaic module comprises the light reflecting structure provided by any embodiment of the application, the photovoltaic module sequentially comprises a back plate 6, the light reflecting structure, a back side packaging adhesive film 5, a battery string, a front side packaging adhesive film 4 and a cover plate 3 from bottom to top, a string gap 14 between the light reflecting structure and two adjacent battery strings is aligned, light irradiated to the string gap 14 is reflected to the battery piece, and the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the photovoltaic module is improved.
Specifically, the battery string comprises a plurality of half-cell pieces 1, and compared with a conventional assembly, the photovoltaic assembly formed by the half-cell pieces 1 has the advantages of high power, low temperature loss and low shading loss. The half-cell 1 comprises a cutting part and a connecting part which are formed on two sides of the half-cell 1, and the connecting part of one half-cell 1 is overlapped and fixed with the cutting part of the other half-cell 1. Specifically, the two half-cells 1 may be bonded or welded.
As a specific implementation, as shown in fig. 10 to 13, the connecting portion is provided with a chamfer 12, and the light reflecting structure is provided with a plurality of flange portions 73 on both sides in the width direction, the flange portions 73 being aligned with the chamfer 12. The shape of the flange 73 may be the same as the shape of the chamfer 12, so that light at the chamfer 12 may be reflected by the flange 73.
Specifically, in one embodiment, as shown in fig. 10 and 11, each half cell 1 may be arranged in the same direction, and in this case, the chamfers 12 of the half cells 1 on both sides of the string gap 14 may form a shape as shown in fig. 10, and in this case, the light reflecting structure may have a similar shape as a whole. In another embodiment, as shown in fig. 12 and 13, the half cells 1 in two adjacent cell strings are arranged in opposite directions, and the chamfers 12 of the half cells 1 on both sides of the string gap 14 may form a shape as shown in fig. 12, in which case, the whole light reflecting structure may have a similar shape.
The distance between two adjacent flange parts 73 can be 78-82 mm, or 103-107 mm. The length of the flange 73 protruding in the width direction of the light reflecting structure is 3 to 5 mm.
It can be understood that the photovoltaic module further includes the bus bar 8, and in order to make full use of the light at the position where the bus bar 8 is disposed, in this embodiment, as shown in fig. 8, the light reflecting structure is aligned with the position of the bus bar 8, so that the light can be reflected to the cell sheets on both sides of the bus bar 8 by the light reflecting structure, so as to improve the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the photovoltaic module.
As a specific implementation manner, as shown in fig. 9, a first strip-shaped protrusion 715 and a second strip-shaped protrusion 716 are disposed on one surface of the film body 71 close to the battery piece, a first light reflecting portion 7151 is disposed on the first strip-shaped protrusion 715, a second light reflecting portion 7161 is disposed on the second strip-shaped protrusion 716, and the first light reflecting portion 7151 and the second light reflecting portion 7161 are respectively inclined to two sides of the bus bar 8 in the width direction, so as to reflect light irradiated to the position of the bus bar 8 to the battery pieces on two sides of the bus bar 8.
It is understood that the first and second bar-shaped protrusions 715 and 716 are symmetrically arranged in the width direction of the film layer body 71 to uniformly reflect light onto the cell sheets on both sides.
As a specific implementation, the center line of the light reflecting stripe 7 in the length direction is aligned with the center line of the string gap 14 in the length direction. The shape of the light reflecting strip 7 and the shape of the string gap 14 may be the same, in this embodiment, the shape of the light reflecting strip 7 is rectangular, when the center line of the light reflecting strip 7 in the length direction is aligned with the center line of the string gap 14 in the length direction, the edge of the light reflecting strip 7 in the width direction may slightly coincide with the projection of the edge of the battery string in the direction perpendicular to the surface of the photovoltaic module, and the coinciding areas on both sides of the light reflecting strip 7 are equal to realize uniform reflection of light to both sides.
Specifically, the width of the light reflecting strip 7 is 2 to 5 times, preferably 3 times or 4 times, of the width of the cell string gap 14, so as to ensure sufficient reflection of light.
As a specific implementation manner, the half-cell 1 may be a double-sided solar cell, and both the front and back sides of the double-sided solar cell can perform photoelectric conversion, so that the photoelectric conversion efficiency can be further improved.
Embodiments of the present application further provide a method for preparing a photovoltaic module, as shown in fig. 1 to 18, the method for preparing a photovoltaic module provided in any embodiment of the present application includes the following steps:
step S1, adhering the reflective strips 7 in the reflective structure to the back sheet 6 at a set position facing one side of the battery string.
And S2, sequentially laminating the back plate 6 adhered with the reflective strips 7, the back side packaging adhesive film 5, the battery string, the front side packaging adhesive film 4 and the cover plate 3, and preparing the photovoltaic module through a post-processing procedure.
Wherein, the position department of reflective strip 7 and battery piece cluster clearance 14 aligns, and when the light struck to this reflective strip 7 on, reflective strip 7 can reflect on the battery piece of light to both sides to the messenger shines to the light of cluster clearance 14 department can by make full use of, thereby has effectively promoted the maximize of photovoltaic module photoelectric conversion efficiency.
In addition, the light reflecting strips 7 can also be arranged at the edge of the photovoltaic module to reflect the light irradiated to the outer part of the edge of the photovoltaic module to the cell, so that the photoelectric conversion efficiency can be further improved.
Specifically, step S1 specifically includes:
step S11, adhering the buffer film 72 to the film body 71 to form the light reflecting structure.
The light reflecting structure includes a buffer film 72 and a film body 71, the film body 71 can be fixed to the back plate 6, and the buffer film 72 can be used to relieve stress concentration of the battery pieces in the overlapping area 11.
Step S12, the film layer body 71 is bonded to the back sheet 6 at a set position facing one side of the battery string.
Wherein, step S12 specifically includes:
step S121, the film body 71 is heated by a hot air blowing process to pre-melt the film body 71.
Step S122, bonding the pre-melted film layer body 71 to a set position on the back plate 6, and curing.
The film layer body 71 can be slightly melted by a hot air blowing process, so that the surface of the film layer body 71 has certain viscosity, but the film layer body 71 can still maintain the integral shape. The film layer body 71 can then be bonded to the back plate 6 through the slightly melted surface, and after standing and curing, reliable bonding and fixing of the film layer body 71 and the back plate 6 can be achieved.
Further, before step S2, the preparation method further includes:
and step S2a, cutting the whole cell to obtain half cells 1.
Specifically, the laser cutting technology can be adopted to cut the whole cell into two equal halves, then the half-cut cells are welded together to form a cell string, and then the cell string is subjected to a post-processing procedure to form a half solar module. Compared with the conventional assembly, the half-piece solar assembly has the advantages of high power, low temperature loss and low shielding loss.
And S2b, flattening the round wire solder strip 2 in the radial direction by adopting a flattening process so as to reduce the radial thickness of the round wire solder strip 2.
And step S2c, welding and connecting more than two half battery pieces 1 through the round wire welding strip 2 to form a battery string.
Although the half cells 1 may be overlapped with each other in order to eliminate the cell gap between the half cells 1, the overlapping area of the half cells 1 has a large thickness, and the probability of the half cells 1 being hidden apart increases when the lamination pressure is applied during the lamination process. Therefore, in the embodiment, before welding, the radial thickness of the round wire welding strip 2 can be reduced, so that the overall height of the lap joint area can be reduced, the laminating stress of the half battery piece 1 is weakened, and the probability of the hidden crack of the half battery piece 1 is further reduced.
Further, after step S2a, the preparation method further includes:
step S2a1, disposing a buffer layer 13 at the edge of the half cell 1 in the overlapping region, as shown in fig. 18.
After the whole cell is cut into the half-cell 1 by the laser, the cut part of the half-cell 1 generally generates slight cutting damage, and the cutting damage may cause an increase of hidden crack lines in the lamination of the half-cell 1. Therefore, in the embodiment, the buffer layer 13 is arranged at the edge of the half-cell 1 in the overlapping region, so that the edge of the half-cell 1 can be protected, the lamination force applied to the edge of the half-cell 1 can be relieved, the hidden crack line is reduced, and the yield is improved.
In a specific embodiment, the step S2a1 specifically includes:
and step S2a11, coating gel on the lap joint area of the half cell 1.
And S2a12, standing the half cell sheet 1 to solidify the gel.
Wherein the gel can be transparent silica gel, POE adhesive film or EVA adhesive film. When the gel is coated, the gel can be in a hot melting state, and after the coating is finished, the gel can be solidified and shaped to realize the adhesive fixation with the half cell 1.
The standing time of the half cell 1 can be 2-4 hours, so that the gel can be fully cured, and reliable connection with the half cell 1 is guaranteed.
In another specific embodiment, step S2a1 specifically includes:
the solid film is adhered to the lap joint area of the half cell piece 1.
The film can be directly adhered to the half cell piece 1 without long-time standing and curing, and the half cell pieces 1 after the film is attached can not be adhered to each other while the film has a buffering effect.
Wherein, the thickness of the buffer layer 13 can be 1-100 um. Within this thickness range, the cushioning effect of the cushion layer 13 can be exerted and the thickness of the entire battery string is not increased. In this embodiment, the thickness of the buffer layer 13 is preferably 20um, 30um, 40um, 50um, 60um, 70um, 80um, or 90 um.
In addition, the width of the buffer layer 13 may be 0.2 to 2 mm. Within the thickness range, the buffer layer 13 can be reliably connected with the half-cell 1, and meanwhile, the half-cell 1 can be prevented from being shielded by a large area. In this embodiment, the width of the buffer layer 13 may be 0.5mm, 0.8mm, 1.2mm, 1.5mm, or 1.8 mm.
Further, step S2b specifically includes:
step S2b1, flattening the portion of the round wire solder strip 2 corresponding to the overlap area in the radial direction by using a flattening process to reduce the radial thickness of the portion of the round wire solder strip 2 corresponding to the overlap area, as shown in fig. 15 to 17.
The whole welding strip can be a cylinder and has a longer length. The part of the welding strip corresponding to the lap joint area can be flattened by adopting a flattening process, and the part of the welding strip outside the lap joint area can still keep the shape of a cylinder, so that the treatment process of the welding point can be simplified.
Further, step S2b specifically includes:
and flattening the part, corresponding to the lap joint area, of the round wire welding strip 2 in the radial direction by adopting a flattening process so as to reduce the radial thickness of the part, corresponding to the lap joint area, of the round wire welding strip 2 to 1/3-1/2 of the diameter of the round wire welding strip 2. Therefore, the overall height of the half cell 1 in the lap joint area can be reduced by more than half, the laminating stress of the half cell 1 is weakened, and the hidden crack is reduced.
Further, after step S2b, the preparation method further includes:
and step S2b2, heating the circular wire welding strip 2 according to the annealing temperature of the circular wire welding strip 2 material.
And step S2b3, cooling the heated round wire welding strip 2.
Wherein, the circular wire welding strip 2 is heated to the annealing temperature, so that the effect of work hardening of the circular wire welding strip 2 can be eliminated, and the stress of the circular wire welding strip is reduced. In this embodiment, the main material of the circular wire welding strip 2 is copper, the annealing temperature is 550-650 ℃, and specifically, the circular wire welding strip 2 can be heated to 600 ℃. And then cooling the heated round wire welding strip 2 so as to carry out subsequent series welding operation.
Specifically, the circular wire welding strip 2 may be cooled by an air cooling method or a water cooling method. Wherein, it is consuming time longer to adopt the air-cooled cooling method, and the preferred water-cooled cooling method that adopts among this embodiment can accomplish the cooling in shorter time, has promoted 2 treatment effeciencies in round wire solder strip.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims (35)

1. A light-reflecting structure, characterized in that it is formed by at least one light-reflecting strip (7) extending in the length direction of the string of cells, said strip (7) being intended to reflect light in the photovoltaic module at the location of the string gaps (14) and/or at the edges of the photovoltaic module onto the cells.
2. A light reflecting structure according to claim 1, characterized in that it is formed by more than two of said light reflecting strips (7), each light reflecting strip (7) being parallel to each other and adjacent two light reflecting strips (7) being spaced apart by an equal distance.
3. The light reflecting structure according to claim 1, wherein the light reflecting strip (7) comprises a film body (71) and at least one buffer film (72), the buffer film (72) is fixedly arranged on the film body (71), the buffer film (72) comprises an inclined surface, the inclined surface corresponds to the position of the overlapping surface of two adjacent battery plates, and the inclined surface is parallel to the overlapping surface.
4. The light reflecting structure of claim 3, wherein a surface of the buffer film (72) facing away from the inclined surface is fixedly attached to a surface of the film body (71) adjacent to the battery piece.
5. The light reflecting structure of claim 3, wherein a surface of the film body (71) away from the battery plate is attached to the inclined surface and two side surfaces of the buffer film (72) in the length direction of the film body (71).
6. The light reflecting structure according to claim 3, wherein a strip-shaped protrusion (714) is disposed on one surface of the film body (71) close to the battery piece, and the two sides of the strip-shaped protrusion (714) in the width direction of the film body (71) respectively comprise a first light reflecting surface (7141) and a second light reflecting surface (7142).
7. The light reflecting structure according to claim 6, wherein the film body (71) is disposed at the edge of the photovoltaic module, the length of the first light reflecting face (7141) is greater than the length of the second light reflecting face (7142), and the first light reflecting face (7141) faces the side where the cell is located.
8. The light reflecting structure according to claim 1, wherein the maximum thickness (b) of the buffer film (72) ranges from 160 to 210um, the length (a) of the slope ranges from 150 to 210mm, and the angle (θ) at which the slope is inclined ranges from 0.09 ° to 0.16 °.
9. The light reflecting structure according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the film body (71) comprises a glue film layer (713), a substrate layer (712) and a functional layer (711) in sequence from bottom to top, and the glue film layer (713) is used for being fixedly attached to the back plate (6) of the photovoltaic module.
10. The light reflecting structure according to claim 9, characterized in that the functional layer (711) comprises a metal layer or an inorganic material layer.
11. The light reflecting structure of claim 10, wherein the inorganic material layer is a titanium dioxide layer or a glaze layer.
12. A photovoltaic module, comprising the light reflecting structure of any one of claims 1 to 11, wherein the photovoltaic module comprises a back plate (6), the light reflecting structure, a back side packaging adhesive film (5), a battery string, a front side packaging adhesive film (4) and a cover plate (3) from bottom to top in sequence, and the light reflecting structure is aligned with a string gap (14) between two adjacent battery strings.
13. The photovoltaic module according to claim 12, wherein the cell string comprises a plurality of half-cells (1), the half-cells (1) comprise a cutting part and a connecting part formed on two sides of the half-cells (1), and the connecting part of one half-cell (1) is overlapped and fixed with the cutting part of the other half-cell (1).
14. The photovoltaic module according to claim 13, wherein the connecting portion is provided with a chamfer (12), and the light reflecting structure is provided with a plurality of flange portions (73) at both sides in the width direction, the flange portions (73) being positionally aligned with the chamfer (12).
15. The photovoltaic module according to claim 14, wherein the adjacent flange portions (73) are spaced apart by a distance of 78-82 mm, or 103-107 mm.
16. The photovoltaic module according to claim 14, wherein the flange portion (73) protrudes in a width direction of the light reflecting structure by a length of 3mm to 5 mm.
17. The photovoltaic module according to claim 12, further comprising a bus bar (8), wherein the light reflecting structure is positionally aligned with the bus bar (8).
18. The photovoltaic module according to claim 17, wherein a first strip-shaped protrusion (715) and a second strip-shaped protrusion (716) are disposed on one surface of the film body (71) close to the cell, a first light reflecting portion (7151) is disposed on the first strip-shaped protrusion (715), a second light reflecting portion (7161) is disposed on the second strip-shaped protrusion (716), and the first light reflecting portion (7151) and the second light reflecting portion (7161) are respectively inclined to two sides of the bus bar (8) in the width direction so as to reflect light irradiated to the position of the bus bar (8) to the cell on the two sides of the bus bar (8).
19. The photovoltaic module of claim 12, wherein a lengthwise centerline of the light reflecting structure is aligned with a lengthwise centerline of the string gap (14).
20. The photovoltaic module according to claim 12, wherein the width of the light reflecting strips (7) is 2-5 times the width of the cell string gaps (14).
21. The method for manufacturing a photovoltaic module according to any of claims 13 to 20, characterized in that said half-cell sheet (1) is a bifacial solar cell sheet.
22. A process for the preparation of a photovoltaic module, characterized in that it is used for the preparation of a photovoltaic module according to any one of claims 12 to 21, said process comprising the following steps:
bonding the light reflecting strips (7) in the light reflecting structure to the back plate (6) at set positions facing one side of the battery string;
and sequentially laminating the back plate (6), the back packaging adhesive film (5), the battery string, the front packaging adhesive film (4) and the cover plate (3) adhered with the reflective strips (7), and preparing to form the photovoltaic module through a post-process.
23. The method for preparing a photovoltaic module according to claim 22, wherein the step of adhering the light reflecting strips (7) in the light reflecting structure to the back sheet (6) at a set position facing one side of the cell string comprises the following steps:
bonding a buffer film (72) to a film body (71) to form the light reflecting structure;
bonding the film layer body (71) to the back sheet (6) at a set position facing one side of the battery string.
24. The method for manufacturing a photovoltaic module according to claim 22, wherein before the back sheet (6), the back-side encapsulant film (5), the cell string, the front-side encapsulant film (4) and the cover sheet (3) adhered with the light reflecting structure are sequentially laminated and subjected to a post-process to manufacture the photovoltaic module, the method further comprises:
cutting the whole cell to obtain a half cell (1);
flattening the round wire welding strip (2) in the radial direction by adopting a flattening process so as to reduce the radial thickness of the round wire welding strip (2);
and welding and connecting more than two half battery pieces (1) through the round wire welding strip (2) to form the battery string.
25. The photovoltaic module production method according to claim 24, characterized in that, after cutting the whole cell sheet to obtain half-cells (1), the method further comprises:
and arranging a buffer layer (13) at the edge of the half cell (1) in the lap joint area.
26. The method for preparing a photovoltaic module according to claim 25, wherein the step of providing a buffer layer (13) in the overlapping region of the half-cell (1) comprises:
coating gel on the lap joint area of the half battery plate (1);
and (3) standing the half-cell plate (1) to solidify the gel.
27. The photovoltaic module production method according to claim 26, wherein the half-cell sheet (1) is left standing for 2-4 hours.
28. The method for preparing a photovoltaic module according to claim 25, wherein the step of providing a buffer layer (13) in the overlapping region of the half-cell (1) comprises:
and adhering the solid film to the lap joint area of the half cell piece (1).
29. The method for preparing a photovoltaic module according to any one of claims 25 to 28, wherein the thickness of the buffer layer (13) is 1 to 100 um.
30. The method for preparing a photovoltaic module according to any one of claims 22 to 28, wherein the width of the buffer layer (13) is 0.2 to 2 mm.
31. The photovoltaic module preparation method according to claim 25, wherein the flattening process is used for flattening the circular wire solder strip (2) in the radial direction to reduce the radial thickness of the circular wire solder strip (2), and specifically comprises:
and flattening the part, corresponding to the lap joint area, of the round wire welding strip (2) in the radial direction by adopting a flattening process so as to reduce the radial thickness of the part, corresponding to the lap joint area, of the round wire welding strip (2).
32. The photovoltaic module preparation method according to claim 31, wherein the flattening process is used for flattening the circular wire solder strip (2) in a radial direction to reduce the radial thickness of the circular wire solder strip (2), and specifically comprises:
and flattening the part, corresponding to the lap joint area, of the round wire welding strip (2) in the radial direction by adopting a flattening process, so that the radial thickness of the part, corresponding to the lap joint area, of the round wire welding strip (2) is reduced to 1/3-1/2 of the diameter of the round wire welding strip (2).
33. The photovoltaic module production method according to claim 25, wherein after flattening the circular wire solder ribbon (2) in a radial direction using a flattening process to reduce the radial thickness of the circular wire solder ribbon (2), the method further comprises:
heating the round wire welding strip (2) according to the annealing temperature of the round wire welding strip (2) material;
and cooling the heated round wire welding strip (2).
34. The method for preparing a photovoltaic module according to claim 33, wherein the step of cooling the heated circular wire solder strip (2) comprises:
and cooling the round wire welding strip (2) by adopting an air cooling method or a water cooling method.
35. The photovoltaic module production method according to claim 23, wherein the step of bonding the film layer body (71) to the backsheet (6) at a set position facing a side of the cell string comprises:
heating the film body (71) by a hot air blowing process to pre-melt the film body (71);
and bonding the pre-melted film layer body (71) at a set position on the back plate (6) and solidifying.
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