CN113012294B - Symmetrical reconstruction method of three-dimensional model - Google Patents
Symmetrical reconstruction method of three-dimensional model Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of 3D data processing, and discloses a symmetrical reconstruction method of a three-dimensional model, which comprises the following steps: (1) Finding a symmetry plane and a symmetry central axis of the three-dimensional model; (2) Aligning the symmetry plane of the three-dimensional model with the view plane and making the three-dimensional model visible in front; (3) Judging whether the three-dimensional model is a symmetrical model of a symmetrical central axis or a plane symmetrical model; (4) Symmetrically reconstructing a three-dimensional model with a symmetrical central axis in a rotating symmetry way; and (5) carrying out symmetrical reconstruction on the three-dimensional model with plane symmetry. The invention automatically completes the automatic reconstruction of the symmetrical three-dimensional model by analyzing and operating the modeling data.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of 3D data processing and modeling, in particular to a symmetrical reconstruction method of a three-dimensional model.
Background
The scanned object is subjected to 3D data modeling through the camera, so that data of the object can be electronized, and digital processing of various parameters of the object is realized, such as calculation of parameters of the surface area, the volume and the like of the object. In the modeling process, as the camera can only scan a part of data at one time, in order to establish a complete data model, the data are spliced after the object is scanned for multiple times.
For a symmetric object, if more than half of the data exists due to the symmetry of the data, the modeling data can be completed theoretically through operations such as mirroring and turning. However, when the completion operation can be carried out by a champion man-machine operation, the operation error is large, the operation steps are complex, and the consistency of modeling generated by multiple operations cannot be ensured.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems and provides a symmetrical reconstruction method of a three-dimensional model, which automatically completes the automatic reconstruction of the symmetrical three-dimensional model through the analysis and operation of modeling data.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a symmetrical reconstruction method of a three-dimensional model is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) Finding a symmetry plane and a symmetry central axis of the three-dimensional model;
(2) Aligning the symmetry plane of the three-dimensional model with the view plane and making the three-dimensional model visible in front;
(3) And judging whether the three-dimensional model is a symmetrical model with a symmetrical central axis or a plane symmetrical model, wherein the specific judging method comprises the following steps:
(3.1) randomly selecting a plurality of local areas in the three-dimensional model;
(3.2) randomly sampling to determine a rotation angle around the central axis, wherein the angle range is 0-180 degrees, and the rotation angle is ensured to be positioned on the visible part of the front side of the model;
(3.3) rotating each local region about the central axis by the rotation angle;
(3.4) selecting a matching threshold to match each rotated local region;
(3.5) if all the local regions can find the matching regions after rotating, the three-dimensional model is a rotational symmetry model about a symmetry central axis, otherwise, the three-dimensional model is a plane symmetry model;
(4) Symmetrically reconstructing a three-dimensional model with a symmetrical central axis in a rotating symmetry mode, and specifically comprising the following steps of:
(4.1) setting the rotation angle to
；
(4.2) counting the number of rotations
；
(4.3) Each rotation
Angle, rotating for R times continuously;
(4.4) combining the three-dimensional models obtained by the R times of rotation into a complete three-dimensional model without overlapping to complete reconstruction;
(5) Symmetrically reconstructing a three-dimensional model with plane symmetry, comprising the following specific steps of:
(5.1) dividing the three-dimensional model into two parts by using a symmetrical plane;
(5.2) removing redundant parts shielded by the symmetrical plane;
(5.3) memorizing the boundary line of the model subdivision;
(5.4) carrying out mirror image transformation on the split one-half three-dimensional model;
and (5.5) combining the original one-half three-dimensional model and the mirror image-transformed one-half three-dimensional model into a complete three-dimensional model according to the one-to-one correspondence relation on the subdivision boundary line, and finishing reconstruction.
Further, in the step (3.1), the local area is selected from a shielding part or a front visible part of the symmetry plane.
Further, in the step (3.3), the rotation direction of the local area is a counterclockwise direction.
Further, in the step (3.4), the matching threshold is 0.2mm-1.0mm.
Further, the method for symmetrically reconstructing the three-dimensional model further comprises the following steps:
(6) And (4) carrying out reconstruction post-processing on the reconstructed three-dimensional model so as to enable the reconstructed three-dimensional model to be matched with the original symmetrical object of the three-dimensional model.
Further, the three-dimensional model is a point cloud model, and the post-processing process comprises the following steps:
(a) Reconstructing the point cloud model into a triangular mesh surface model;
(b) And carrying out self-adaptive hole filling on the reconstructed triangular mesh surface model.
Further, the three-dimensional model is a triangular mesh surface model, and the post-processing process comprises the step of carrying out self-adaptive hole filling on the reconstructed triangular mesh surface model.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) Automatically finishing the symmetry judgment of the three-dimensional model and automatically finishing the symmetry reconstruction;
(2) The process operation is reasonable, and the matching degree of the reconstructed model and the actual object is high.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a three-dimensional model generated by a scan, with a portion of the data missing;
FIG. 2 is a three-dimensional model view from a swing to a front view;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing the determination of a central axis or a plane of symmetry for symmetry discrimination;
figure 4 is a reconstructed and three-dimensional model.
Detailed Description
The following describes in detail a specific embodiment of the symmetric reconstruction method of a three-dimensional model according to the present invention with reference to the drawings.
Referring to fig. 1, a three-dimensional model is obtained by scanning a symmetric object with a three-dimensional scanning device, and the three-dimensional model may be a point cloud model or a triangular mesh curved surface model. The data volume of the three-dimensional model is preferably more than half of the data of the whole object, and the data volume is imported into a computer memory to perform the reconstruction process of the three-dimensional model.
Referring to the attached figures 2 to 4, the present invention will be explained in detail below with reference to the three-dimensional model reconstruction process of the Sharp-mouth wine pot, and the specific steps are as follows:
(1) The symmetry plane and the symmetry center axis of the three-dimensional model can be found by a method of a Chinese patent 'symmetric fitting method of 3D model' (application number: 2021101308768).
(2) And aligning the symmetry plane and the view plane of the three-dimensional model, and enabling the front surface of the three-dimensional model to be visible, wherein the front surface of the wine pot in the figure faces a reader, and the three-dimensional model in the figure also has partial hollow defects.
(3) And judging whether the three-dimensional model is a symmetrical model with a symmetrical central axis or a plane symmetrical model, wherein the specific judging method comprises the following steps:
(3.1) randomly selecting a plurality of local areas in the three-dimensional model, wherein the local areas can be front areas or back partial areas, namely the local areas are selected from the shielding parts or the front visible parts of the symmetrical plane, and the positions can process different length or width positions of the three-dimensional model;
(3.2) randomly sampling and determining a rotation angle around the central axis, wherein the angle range is 0-180 degrees, and the rotation angle is ensured to be positioned on the front visible part of the model after rotation, if the front part area is selected, the rotation angle is still positioned on the front area, if the back part area is selected, the rotation angle is rotated to the front area position;
(3.3) rotating each local area around the central axis by the rotation angle anticlockwise, wherein clockwise rotation can be realized, and only the angle is calculated to obtain a negative value when calculation is carried out;
(3.4) selecting a matching threshold to match each rotated local area, and generally selecting the matching threshold to be appropriate according to the size of the three-dimensional model and the precision of the three-dimensional model, wherein the matching threshold is 0.2mm-1.0 mm;
(3.5) if all the local areas can find the matching area after rotating, the three-dimensional model is a rotational symmetry model about the symmetry central axis, otherwise, the three-dimensional model is a plane symmetry model.
(4) Symmetrically reconstructing a three-dimensional model with a rotationally symmetric central axis, which comprises the following specific steps:
(4.1) setting the rotation angle to
；
(4.2) counting the number of revolutions
；
(4.3) Each rotation
Angle, rotating for R times continuously;
and (4.4) combining the three-dimensional models obtained by the R times of rotation into a complete three-dimensional model without overlapping to complete reconstruction.
(5) The method comprises the following steps of symmetrically reconstructing a three-dimensional model with plane symmetry:
(5.1) dividing the three-dimensional model into two parts by using a symmetrical plane;
(5.2) removing the redundant part blocked by the symmetrical plane;
(5.3) memorizing the boundary line of the model subdivision;
(5.4) carrying out mirror image transformation on the split half three-dimensional model;
and (5.5) combining the original one-half three-dimensional model and the mirror image-transformed one-half three-dimensional model into a complete three-dimensional model according to the one-to-one correspondence relation on the subdivision boundary line, and finishing reconstruction.
(6) Carrying out reconstruction post-processing on the reconstructed three-dimensional model to enable the reconstructed three-dimensional model to be matched with an original symmetrical object of the three-dimensional model, reconstructing the point cloud model into a triangular mesh surface model for the point cloud model, and then carrying out self-adaptive hole filling on the triangular mesh surface model; and for the triangular mesh surface model, the reconstructed triangular mesh surface model is directly subjected to self-adaptive hole filling.
The merging method in the steps (4) and (5) can be performed by taking the idea of the geologic Control as a reference, and can be referred to the literature "point cloud processing and three-dimensional modeling research based on geologic Studio", author: tangepi, money built, zhu assist, china institute for surveying and mapping sciences, liaoning institute for engineering and technology university, institute for surveying and mapping and geoscience.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, various modifications and decorations can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these modifications and decorations should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. A symmetric reconstruction method of a three-dimensional model of a symmetric object is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
(1) Scanning the symmetrical object by a three-dimensional scanning device to obtain a three-dimensional model, and finding a symmetrical plane and a symmetrical central axis of the three-dimensional model, wherein the three-dimensional model is a point cloud model or a triangular mesh curved surface model;
(2) Aligning the symmetry plane of the three-dimensional model with the view plane and making the three-dimensional model visible in front;
(3) And judging whether the three-dimensional model is a symmetrical model with a symmetrical central axis or a plane symmetrical model, wherein the specific judging method comprises the following steps:
(3.1) randomly selecting a plurality of local areas in the three-dimensional model;
(3.2) randomly sampling to determine a rotation angle around the central axis, wherein the angle range is 0-180 degrees, and the rotation angle is ensured to be positioned on the visible part of the front side of the model;
(3.3) rotating each local region about the central axis by the rotation angle;
(3.4) selecting a matching threshold to match each rotated local region;
(3.5) if all the local regions can find the matching regions after rotating, the three-dimensional model is a rotational symmetry model about the central axis of symmetry, otherwise, the three-dimensional model is a plane symmetry model;
(4) Symmetrically reconstructing a three-dimensional model with a symmetrical central axis in a rotating symmetry mode, and specifically comprising the following steps of:
(4.1) setting the rotation angle alpha to be less than or equal to 90 degrees;
(4.2) calculating the number of rotations R =360 °/α;
(4.3) rotating for each time by the angle alpha and continuously rotating for R times;
(4.4) combining the three-dimensional models obtained by the R times of rotation into a complete three-dimensional model without overlapping to complete reconstruction;
(5) Symmetrically reconstructing a three-dimensional model with plane symmetry, comprising the following specific steps of:
(5.1) dividing the three-dimensional model into two parts by using a symmetrical plane;
(5.2) removing redundant parts shielded by the symmetrical plane;
(5.3) memorizing the boundary line of the model subdivision;
(5.4) carrying out mirror image transformation on the split half three-dimensional model;
(5.5) combining the original one-half three-dimensional model and the mirror image-transformed one-half three-dimensional model into a complete three-dimensional model according to the one-to-one correspondence relation on the subdivision boundary line to complete reconstruction;
(6) And (4) carrying out reconstruction post-processing on the reconstructed three-dimensional model so as to enable the reconstructed three-dimensional model to be matched with the original symmetrical object of the three-dimensional model.
2. The method for symmetric reconstruction of a three-dimensional model of a symmetric object according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the step (3.1), the local area is selected from the shielded part or the front visible part of the symmetry plane.
3. The method of symmetric reconstruction of a three-dimensional model of a symmetric object according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the step (3.3), the rotation direction of the local area is a counterclockwise direction.
4. The method of symmetric reconstruction of a three-dimensional model of a symmetric object according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the step (3.4), the matching threshold is 0.2mm-1.0mm.
5. The method for symmetric reconstruction of a three-dimensional model of a symmetric object according to claim 1, characterized in that: the three-dimensional model is a point cloud model, and the post-processing process comprises the following steps:
(a) Reconstructing the point cloud model into a triangular mesh surface model;
(b) And carrying out self-adaptive hole filling on the reconstructed triangular mesh surface model.
6. The method for symmetric reconstruction of a three-dimensional model of a symmetric object according to claim 1, characterized in that: the three-dimensional model is a triangular mesh surface model, and the post-processing process comprises the step of carrying out self-adaptive hole filling on the reconstructed triangular mesh surface model.
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| CN103729510A (en) * | 2013-12-25 | 2014-04-16 | 合肥工业大学 | Method for computing accurate mirror symmetry of three-dimensional complex model on basis of internal implication transformation |
| CN107133928A (en) * | 2017-04-27 | 2017-09-05 | 扬州大学 | A kind of facial symmetry plane acquiring method based on iteration mirror image with registration |
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| CN100533487C (en) * | 2007-04-19 | 2009-08-26 | 北京理工大学 | Smooth symmetrical surface 3-D solid model rebuilding method based on single image |
| CN101937579B (en) * | 2010-09-20 | 2012-03-28 | 南京大学 | Method for creating three-dimensional surface model by using perspective sketch |
| CN102750418B (en) * | 2012-06-27 | 2015-12-16 | 中国人民解放军第三军医大学第三附属医院 | Based on internal fixation steel plate Design and the method for prefabricating of augmented reality |
| CN106204740B (en) * | 2016-07-27 | 2020-02-07 | 扬州大学 | Three-dimensional defect face model reconstruction method based on slice data symmetry analysis |
| CN109102570B (en) * | 2018-07-05 | 2023-07-14 | 三峡大学 | Modeling method of three-dimensional finite element model |
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| CN103729510A (en) * | 2013-12-25 | 2014-04-16 | 合肥工业大学 | Method for computing accurate mirror symmetry of three-dimensional complex model on basis of internal implication transformation |
| CN107133928A (en) * | 2017-04-27 | 2017-09-05 | 扬州大学 | A kind of facial symmetry plane acquiring method based on iteration mirror image with registration |
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