CN113007705A - Burner capable of burning various powder fuels - Google Patents

Burner capable of burning various powder fuels Download PDF

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Publication number
CN113007705A
CN113007705A CN202110377937.0A CN202110377937A CN113007705A CN 113007705 A CN113007705 A CN 113007705A CN 202110377937 A CN202110377937 A CN 202110377937A CN 113007705 A CN113007705 A CN 113007705A
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China
Prior art keywords
outlet
air
plate body
inlet
bellows
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Granted
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CN202110377937.0A
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Chinese (zh)
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CN113007705B (en
Inventor
陈隆
张红顺
王乃继
罗伟
张鑫
程晓磊
徐大宝
戈铁柱
张斌
周沛然
谭静
龚艳艳
魏琰荣
张媛
黄宇
肖翠微
王永英
李美军
程鹏
牛芳
段璐
李慧
王志强
刘振宇
杨石
杜丽伟
肖旭
杜伯犀
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China Coal Research Institute Ccri Energy Saving Technology Co ltd
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China Coal Research Institute Ccri Energy Saving Technology Co ltd
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Priority to CN202110377937.0A priority Critical patent/CN113007705B/en
Publication of CN113007705A publication Critical patent/CN113007705A/en
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Publication of CN113007705B publication Critical patent/CN113007705B/en
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D1/00—Burners for combustion of pulverulent fuel
    • F23D1/02—Vortex burners, e.g. for cyclone-type combustion apparatus
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN  A CARRIER GAS OR AIR 
    • F23C7/00—Combustion apparatus characterised by arrangements for air supply
    • F23C7/002—Combustion apparatus characterised by arrangements for air supply the air being submitted to a rotary or spinning motion
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23L—SUPPLYING AIR OR NON-COMBUSTIBLE LIQUIDS OR GASES TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS IN GENERAL ; VALVES OR DAMPERS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR CONTROLLING AIR SUPPLY OR DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; INDUCING DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; TOPS FOR CHIMNEYS OR VENTILATING SHAFTS; TERMINALS FOR FLUES
    • F23L9/00—Passages or apertures for delivering secondary air for completing combustion of fuel 
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E20/00—Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
    • Y02E20/34—Indirect CO2mitigation, i.e. by acting on non CO2directly related matters of the process, e.g. pre-heating or heat recovery

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of boilers, in particular to a burner capable of combusting various powder fuels. The burner capable of combusting various powder fuels comprises a shell, a primary air powder pipe, a backflow cap, a stop ring, a secondary air system and a tertiary air system. The housing has a combustion chamber, and an axial end of the housing is open so as to communicate with the furnace. The primary air powder pipe is detachably mounted on the shell and is provided with a first inlet and a first outlet. The backflow cap is connected with the primary air powder pipe and comprises a first plate body and a second plate body, the second plate body is provided with a first end and a second end, the second end is connected with the first plate body, the first plate body is spaced from a first outlet, the second plate body is spaced from the primary air powder pipe, and a plurality of through grooves are formed in the first plate body. The stop ring is fixed on the primary air powder pipe and is provided with a stop surface. The combustible multiple powderThe fuel combustor has the advantages of good fuel adaptability, short ignition oil-mixing time and NOxLow emission, low load and good stable combustion performance.

Description

Burner capable of burning various powder fuels
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of boilers, in particular to a burner capable of combusting various powder fuels.
Background
Bituminous coal, semi-coke, lean coal, biomass and the like are solid energy sources which are used more in China at present. In the related art, the burner for burning the powder fuel is usually designed after the fuel type is selected, so that the designed burner has poor fuel adaptability and is not beneficial to ensuring energy safety.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention is directed to solving, at least to some extent, one of the technical problems in the related art.
Therefore, the embodiment of the invention provides the burner which is good in fuel adaptability and can combust a plurality of pulverized fuels.
The burner capable of combusting various pulverized fuels, provided by the embodiment of the invention, comprises:
a housing having a combustion chamber extending in an axial direction of the housing, an axial end of the housing being open to communicate with a furnace;
the primary air powder pipe is detachably arranged on the shell and is provided with a first inlet and a first outlet, the first inlet is arranged outside the combustion chamber, and the first outlet is arranged inside the combustion chamber;
the backflow cap is connected with the primary air powder pipe and comprises a first plate body and a second plate body, the second plate body is provided with a first end and a second end which are opposite in the axial direction of the shell, the second end is far away from the primary air powder pipe relative to the first end in the axial direction of the shell, the second end is connected with the outer edge of the first plate body, the first plate body is spaced from the first outlet in the axial direction of the shell, the second plate body is spaced from the outer surface of the primary air powder pipe in the inner and outer directions, and a plurality of through grooves are formed in the first plate body;
the blocking ring is sleeved and fixed on the outer surface of the primary air powder pipe and is provided with a blocking surface facing the first plate body;
a secondary air system including a secondary air duct having a second inlet and a second outlet, the second outlet communicating with the combustion chamber; and
and the tertiary air system comprises a tertiary air duct, the tertiary air duct is provided with a third inlet and a third outlet, and the third outlet is communicated with the hearth.
The burner capable of combusting various pulverized fuels provided by the embodiment of the invention has the advantages of good fuel adaptability, short ignition oil-mixing time and NOxLow emission, low load and good stable combustion performance.
In some embodiments, each of the plurality of through slots is provided on an edge of the first plate body, the plurality of through slots are provided at intervals in a circumferential direction of the first plate body, the second plate body has an inclined portion on which the second end is located, the inclined portion being gradually inclined outward in a direction from the first end to the second end.
In some embodiments, the angle of inclination of the inclined portion is between 10 ° and 45 °.
In some embodiments, the distance between the blocker ring and the first outlet is L0The inner diameter of the open end of the shell is D0Said L is0And said D0The ratio of (A) to (B) is 0.3-1.5.
In some embodiments, the secondary air duct comprises: the secondary air channel is arranged on the outer side of the shell, the second inlet is arranged on each of the inner secondary air channel and the outer secondary air channel, the second outlet is arranged on the inner secondary air channel, the outer secondary air channel is provided with a fourth outlet, and the fourth outlet is communicated with the hearth.
In some embodiments, the air conditioner further comprises a heat dissipation fin, wherein the heat dissipation fin is arranged on the outer surface of the shell, and the heat dissipation fin is positioned inside the secondary air duct.
In some embodiments, the outer secondary air duct includes an annular portion having an outer diameter that differs from an inner diameter by one-half of D1The width of the radiating fin in the inner and outer directions is H, H and D1The ratio of (A) to (B) is 0.5-0.8. The inner diameter of the open end of the shell is D0The length of the heat dissipation fin in the axial direction of the housing is L1Said L is1And said D0The ratio of (A) to (B) is 0.1-0.5.
In some embodiments, further comprising:
the first air box is arranged on the outer side of the shell and provided with a first air box inlet and a first air box outlet, the first air box inlet is communicated with the second outlet of the inner secondary air channel, and the first air box outlet is communicated with the combustion chamber;
the second air box is arranged on the outer side of the shell and provided with a second air box inlet and a second air box outlet, the second air box inlet is communicated with the fourth outlet, and the second air box outlet is communicated with the hearth;
the third air box is arranged on the outer side of the shell and provided with a third air box inlet and a third air box outlet, the third air box inlet is communicated with the third outlet, and the third air box outlet is communicated with the hearth;
the recirculation fan comprises a first fan inlet and a first fan outlet, and the first fan inlet is used for being communicated with the circulating flue gas;
a blower including a second blower inlet and a second blower outlet, the second blower inlet for communicating with air; and
recycling bellows, recycling bellows includes fourth bellows import, fifth bellows import, fourth bellows export, fifth bellows export and sixth bellows export, first fan export with fourth bellows import intercommunication, second fan export with fifth bellows import intercommunication, fourth bellows export with the second import intercommunication in interior overgrate air duct, fifth bellows export with the second import intercommunication in outer overgrate air duct, sixth bellows export with the third import intercommunication.
In some embodiments, the first windbox outlet and the second windbox outlet are provided spaced apart in an axial direction of the housing. The second windbox outlet and the third windbox outlet are disposed at a spacing in the inner-outer direction.
In some embodiments, the air-powder mixing device further comprises a homogenizer, and the homogenizer is arranged inside the primary air-powder pipe. The distance between the material homogenizer and the first outlet is L2The inner diameter of the primary air powder pipe is D2Said L is2And said D2The ratio of (A) to (B) is 5-10.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a front view of an embodiment of a burner capable of combusting multiple pulverized fuels in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural view at the lower end of an embodiment of a burner capable of burning a plurality of pulverized fuels in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
In the figure: a combustor 100; a primary air powder pipe 1; a first inlet 101; a first outlet 102; a swirl vane 2; swirl vane inlet 201; a swirl vane outlet 202; a secondary air system 3; a second inlet 301; a first windbox outlet 302; a second windbox outlet 303; a tertiary air system 5; a third inlet 501; a third windbox outlet 502; heat radiating fins 6; a return cap 7; a first plate 701; a second plate body 702; a through-slot 703; a blocking ring 8; a blocking surface 801; a homogenizer 9; a housing 10; a combustion chamber 1001.
Detailed Description
Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. The embodiments described below with reference to the drawings are illustrative and intended to be illustrative of the invention and are not to be construed as limiting the invention.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, a burner 100 for combusting a plurality of pulverized fuels according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a housing 10, a primary air-powder duct 1, a return cap 7, a baffle ring 8, a secondary air system 3, and a tertiary air system 5.
The housing 10 has a combustion chamber 1001, the combustion chamber 1001 extends in an axial direction of the housing, and one axial end of the housing 10 is opened to communicate with the furnace.
The primary air powder duct 1 is detachably mounted on the housing 10, the primary air powder duct 1 has a first inlet 101 and a first outlet 102, the first inlet 101 is provided outside the combustion chamber 1001, and the first outlet 102 is provided inside the combustion chamber 1001.
The backflow cap 7 is connected with the primary air powder pipe 1, the backflow cap 7 comprises a first plate body 701 and a second plate body 702, the second plate body 702 is provided with a first end and a second end which are opposite in the axial direction of the shell 10, the second end is far away from the primary air powder pipe 1 from the first end in the axial direction of the shell 10, the second end is connected with the outer edge of the first plate body 701, the first plate body 701 is spaced from the first outlet 102 in the axial direction of the shell 10, the second plate body 702 is spaced from the outer surface of the primary air powder pipe 1 in the inner and outer directions, and the first plate body 701 is provided with a plurality of through grooves 703.
The blocking ring 8 is sleeved and fixed on the outer surface of the primary air powder pipe 1, and the blocking ring 8 is provided with a blocking surface 801 facing the first plate body 701.
The secondary air system 3 comprises a secondary air duct having a second inlet 301 and a second outlet communicating with the combustion chamber 1001.
The tertiary air system 5 comprises a tertiary air duct having a third inlet 501 and a third outlet for communicating with the furnace.
When the burner 100 according to the embodiment of the present invention is in operation, pulverized fuel enters the primary air-powder duct 1 through the first inlet 101, and enters the return cap 7 through the first outlet 102. The part of the pulverized fuel (returned pulverized fuel) after the pulverized fuel enters the return cap 7 collides with the first plate 701 to be rebounded. Another part of the pulverized fuel (pulverized fuel directly flowing out) flows out from the through grooves 703 of the first plate body 701 and finally flows into the furnace. The reflowed pulverized fuel moves upwards to collide with the blocking face 801 of the blocking ring 8 and rebounds again, so that the reflowed pulverized fuel reflows for multiple times in a reflowing area formed between the blocking ring 8 and the reflowing cap 7, and the reflowed pulverized fuel has higher temperature and is easier to ignite.
Since the primary air-powder duct 1 is detachably mounted on the housing 10, the primary air-powder duct 1 can be replaced according to the type of the pulverized fuel, so that the distance between the blocking ring 8 on the primary air-powder duct 1 and the first outlet 102 in the axial direction of the housing 10 is different. Specifically, for the powder fuel which is difficult to ignite, the distance between the blocking ring 8 on the primary air-powder pipe 1 and the first outlet 102 in the axial direction of the housing 10 is relatively long, so that the backflow area formed between the blocking ring 8 and the backflow cap 7 is relatively long, and the powder fuel is easy to ignite. For the ignitable powder fuel, the distance between the blocking ring 8 on the primary air-powder pipe 1 and the first outlet 102 in the axial direction of the shell 10 is short, so that the backflow area formed between the blocking ring 8 and the backflow cap 7 is short, the retention time of the powder fuel in the combustor 100 is shortened, the powder fuel is prevented from rapidly burning in the combustor 100 and being too long, and the deformation of the primary air-powder pipe 1 and the shell 10 due to too high temperature is avoided. Thus, the burner 100 can be adapted to different types of pulverized fuels by replacing the primary air-powder duct 1.
The boilers used in the related art pulverized fuel burners require a certain time from start-up to 100% load. Can divide into two stages, during the first stage, the furnace temperature is lower, need sneak into oil when burning fuel and carry out the auxiliary combustion in order to guarantee not to break a fire, and during the second stage, the furnace temperature is higher, can not need sneak into oil and carry out the auxiliary combustion. The powder fuel burner in the related technology has the defects of long ignition oil-accompanying time, poor low-load stable combustion performance and the like.
According to the burner 100 provided by the embodiment of the invention, the blocking ring 8 and the backflow cap 7 are utilized to form the backflow area, meanwhile, the secondary air system 3 sends combustion-supporting air to be fully mixed with the powder fuel which flows back in the backflow area, the backflow powder fuel can be helped to burn in the first stage, and the ignition oil-tracing time is shortened to realize rapid ignition. When low-load combustion is carried out, the returned pulverized fuel has higher temperature and is more combustible because of the return flow region, so that the low-load stable combustion performance is good.
Therefore, the combustor 100 according to the embodiment of the invention has the advantages of good fuel adaptability, short ignition oil-accompanying time, good low-load stable combustion performance and the like.
The combustor 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail below, taking fig. 1 and 2 as an example.
The burner 100 according to the present invention includes a housing 10, a primary air duct 1, a return cap 7, a blocking ring 8, a secondary air system 3, and a tertiary air system 5.
The housing 10 has a combustion chamber 1001, the combustion chamber 1001 extends in an axial direction of the housing 10, and one axial end of the housing 10 is opened to communicate with a furnace.
For example, as shown in fig. 1, the axial direction of the casing 10 is aligned with the vertical direction, the lower end of the casing 10 is opened, the upper end of the casing 10 is provided with a mounting hole which is coaxial with the casing 10, and the primary air-powder duct 1 is mounted on the casing 10 through the mounting hole. The radial dimension of the combustion chamber 1001 is constant from top to bottom and then gradually increases, i.e., the open end of the combustion chamber 1001 is flared.
The primary air powder pipe 1 is detachably mounted on the housing 10, and for example, the primary air powder pipe 1 is connected with the housing 10 through a flange. The primary air powder pipe 1 is coaxial with the shell 10. The primary air-powder duct 1 has a first inlet 101 and a first outlet 102, the first inlet 101 being provided outside the combustion chamber 1001, and the first outlet 102 being provided inside the combustion chamber 1001.
The backflow cap 7 is connected with the primary air powder pipe 1, and the backflow cap 7 comprises a first plate body 701 and a second plate body 702. The second plate body 702 is an annular plate, the second plate body 702 has a first end and a second end opposite to each other in the axial direction of the casing 10, the second end is far away from the primary air powder pipe 1 relative to the first end in the axial direction of the casing 10, the second end is connected with the outer edge of the first plate body 701, the first plate body 701 is spaced apart from the first outlet 102 in the axial direction of the casing 10, the second plate body 702 is spaced apart from the outer surface of the primary air powder pipe 1 in the inner and outer directions, and the first plate body 701 is provided with a plurality of through grooves 703.
For example, the first end (upper end) of the backflow cap 7 and the primary air powder pipe 1 are provided with a plurality of pairs of connecting holes, screws penetrate through the pairs of connecting holes and are fastened, and the backflow cap 7 is hung at the first outlet 102 of the primary air powder pipe 1 through the screws.
For example, the radial direction of the casing 10 coincides with the inward-outward direction, and the inner surface of the second plate body 702 is adjacent to the axis of the casing 10 in the inward-outward direction with respect to the outer surface of the second plate body 702. Wherein the inward and outward directions are indicated by arrows B in fig. 2.
In some embodiments, each of the plurality of through slots 703 is provided on an edge of the first plate body 701, the plurality of through slots 703 being provided spaced apart along a circumferential direction of the first plate body 701. The second plate body 702 has an inclined portion on which the second end is located, the inclined portion being gradually inclined outward from the first end toward the second end.
Therefore, the flowing path of the directly flowing powder fuel is gradually inclined outwards from the first end to the second end, so that the directly flowing powder fuel can form gradation in the inner direction and the outer direction after passing through the through groove 703, the central area of the directly flowing powder fuel is rich in lean oxygen, the peripheral area of the flame is rich in oxygen and lean in lean oxygen, and the flame is gradually inclined outwards from the first end to the second endAnd NOxThe discharge is low.
Preferably, the inclination angle of the inclined portion is 10 ° to 45 °. Further beneficial to reduce NOxAnd (4) discharging.
Preferably, the ratio of the total area of the through slots 703 to the area of the first outlet 102 is 0.1-0.5. The blocking ring 8 is sleeved and fixed on the outer surface of the primary air powder pipe 1, and the blocking ring 8 is provided with a blocking surface 801 facing the first plate body 701.
Preferably, the blocking face 801 is an arcuate face.
The primary air powder pipe 1 is provided with a plurality of primary air powder pipes, and the distance between the stop ring 8 of each primary air powder pipe 1 and the first outlet 102 in the axial direction of the primary air powder pipe 1 is different. When in specific use, the proper primary air powder pipe 1 can be selected according to the type of the pulverized fuel.
Preferably, the distance between the blocking ring 8 and the first outlet 102 is L0The open end of the housing 10 has an inner diameter D0，L0And said D0The ratio of (A) to (B) is 0.3-1.5.
The secondary air system 3 comprises a secondary air duct having a second inlet 301 and a second outlet communicating with the combustion chamber 1001.
The tertiary air system 5 comprises a tertiary air duct having a third inlet 501 and a third outlet for communicating with the furnace.
Preferably, the tertiary air duct is an annular air duct, and in other embodiments, the tertiary air duct may also be a cylindrical air duct, and the tertiary air duct is provided in plurality, and the plurality of cylindrical air ducts are arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction of the casing 10.
In some embodiments, the overfire air system 3 includes an inner overfire air system and an outer overfire air system. The secondary air duct comprises an inner secondary air duct and an outer secondary air duct, each of the inner secondary air duct and the outer secondary air duct is arranged on the outer side of the shell 10, a second inlet 301 is arranged on each of the inner secondary air duct and the outer secondary air duct, a second outlet is arranged on the inner secondary air duct, the outer secondary air duct is provided with a fourth outlet, and the fourth outlet is communicated with the hearth.
When the burner 100 implemented according to the invention is in operation, the pulverized fuel in the primary air-powder pipe 1With a certain speed, typically 15m/s to 25 m/s. The directly flowing out powder fuel forms gradation in the inner and outer directions after passing through the through groove 703, and the central region of the directly flowing out powder fuel is rich in oxygen and lean in oxygen, and the peripheral region of the flame is rich in oxygen and lean in oxygen. Meanwhile, the secondary air enters the combustion chamber 1001 through the second outlet and is mixed and combusted with the returned pulverized fuel to form stable flame; the outer secondary air is fed into combustion-supporting air in time through the fourth outlet to promote the fuel to release a large amount of heat; the tertiary air is introduced into the air through the third outlet, so that air is supplemented in a grading manner through the inner secondary air, the outer secondary air and the tertiary air, and NO can be reducedxAnd (4) discharging.
In some embodiments, the burner 100 further includes heat dissipating fins 6, the heat dissipating fins 6 being provided on the outer surface of the casing 10, the heat dissipating fins 6 being located inside the outer secondary air duct. Therefore, the shell 10 can be radiated by the radiating fins 6, and the heat of the radiating fins 6 can be used for heating the outer secondary air, so that the temperature of the shell 10 is not too high and is not deformed, and the temperature of the outer secondary air is not too low and is favorable for igniting the powdered fuel.
For example, the number of the heat radiation fins 6 is 12, and the heat radiation fins 6 are uniformly spaced in the axial direction of the housing 10.
Preferably, the outer secondary air duct comprises an annular portion, and one half of the difference between the outer diameter of the annular portion and the inner diameter of the annular portion is D1The width of the heat dissipation fin 6 in the inner and outer directions is H, H and D1The ratio of (A) to (B) is 0.5-0.8. The open end of the housing 10 has an inner diameter D0The length of the heat dissipation fin 6 in the axial direction of the housing 10 is L1Said L is1And said D0The ratio of (A) to (B) is 0.1-0.5.
In other words, D1And H satisfies: h ═ 0.5-0.8) D1，D0And L1Satisfies the following conditions: l is1＝(0.1-0.5)D0. Thereby, the heat dissipation of the casing 10 is facilitated and the heating of the external secondary air by the heat dissipation fins 6 is facilitated.
In some embodiments, the combustor 100 further comprises: the first air box, the second air box, the third air box, the recirculation fan and the blower recirculation air box.
A first windbox is mounted on the outside of the housing 10, the first windbox having a first windbox inlet and a first windbox outlet 302, the first windbox inlet communicating with the second outlet of the inner secondary air duct, the first windbox outlet 302 communicating with the combustion chamber 1001.
The second bellows is installed in the outside of casing 10, and the second bellows has second bellows import and second bellows export 303, and second bellows import and fourth export intercommunication, second bellows export 303 and furnace intercommunication.
The third windbox is mounted outside the housing 10 and has a third windbox inlet and a third windbox outlet 502, the third windbox inlet communicating with the third outlet, the third windbox outlet 502 communicating with the furnace.
The recirculation fan comprises a first fan inlet and a first fan outlet, and the first fan inlet is used for being communicated with the circulating flue gas.
The blower includes a second blower inlet and a second blower outlet, the second blower inlet for communicating with air.
The recirculation windbox includes a fourth windbox inlet, a fifth windbox inlet, a fourth windbox outlet, a fifth windbox outlet, and a sixth windbox outlet.
The first fan outlet is communicated with the fourth air box inlet, the second fan outlet is communicated with the fifth air box inlet, the fourth air box outlet is communicated with the second inlet 301 of the inner secondary air channel, the fifth air box outlet is communicated with the second inlet 301 of the outer secondary air channel, and the sixth air box outlet is communicated with the third inlet 501.
From this, first fan import lets in boiler exhaust circulation flue gas, and the air lets in at the second fan import, and circulation flue gas gets into the recirculation bellows through recirculation fan, and with the air intensive mixing that the air-blower sent into, rethread fourth bellows export, fifth bellows export and sixth bellows export get into interior secondary air duct, outer secondary air duct and cubic air duct respectively, later get into combustion chamber 1001 or furnace through second export, fourth export and third export. The combustion of the powder fuel is delayed by combining the flue gas recirculation technology, thereby reducing NOxAnd (4) discharging. Furthermore, the use of the first bellows enablesThe wind entering the combustion chamber 1001 is more uniform, and the wind entering the furnace chamber is more uniform by the second wind box and the third wind box.
In some embodiments, the first bellows outlet 302 is disposed spaced apart from the second bellows outlet 303 in the axial direction of the housing 10, and the third bellows outlet 502 is disposed spaced apart from the third outlet in the inside-outside direction. Therefore, the mixing of the powder fuel and the air in the axial direction is delayed, so that the contact between the powder fuel and the oxygen can be delayed in the axial direction, the flame length in the furnace is prolonged, and the reduction of NO is further facilitatedxInitial discharge of (1).
The air introduced into the inner secondary air duct is inner secondary air, the air introduced into the outer secondary air duct is outer secondary air, and the air introduced into the third air duct is third air. Preferably, the excess air coefficients of the inner secondary air, the outer secondary air and the tertiary air are (0.3-0.5), (0.1-0.4) and (0.4-0.8), respectively. The flue gas content in the recirculation air box is 15-21%.
In some embodiments, the burner 100 further comprises a homogenizer 9, and the homogenizer 9 is installed inside the primary air-powder duct 1. The distance between the material homogenizer 9 and the first outlet 102 is L2The inner diameter of the primary air powder pipe 1 is D2,L2And D2The ratio of (A) to (B) is 5-10. Therefore, the pulverized fuel discharged from the first outlet 102 is uniform enough, so that reasonable distribution of the returned pulverized fuel and the directly discharged pulverized fuel is facilitated, and the use effect of the burner is improved.
In some embodiments, the combustor 100 further includes an air preheater to heat the inner secondary air, the outer secondary air, and the tertiary air to aid in combustion.
In some embodiments, the combustor 100 further includes a swirl vane 2, the swirl vane 2 including a plurality of swirl vanes, a swirl vane inlet 201, and a swirl vane outlet 202. The swirl vanes 2 are rotatably mounted on the housing 10 with the swirl vane inlet 201 communicating with the second windbox outlet 303 and the swirl vane outlet 202 communicating with the combustion chamber 1001. The inner secondary air enters the rotational flow blades 2 through the second outlet, and the inner secondary air generates rotational flow under the action of the rotational flow blades 2. Thereby, the swirling inner secondary air that has exited from the swirl vane outlet 202 is sufficiently mixed with the returned pulverized fuel.
Furthermore, the swirl vane 2 is a tangential vane type swirl vane, and the swirl strength is 1.5-2.5.
In some embodiments, the burner 100 further comprises an automatic burner control system comprising a PLC controller and an upper computer. The PLC controller is respectively connected with the inner secondary air duct, the outer secondary air duct, the tertiary air duct, the feeder and the like. The upper computer comprises a display operation interface. The PLC controller is connected with the upper computer. The measured value is transmitted to the PLC controller by measuring the air flow and the feeding amount, and forms a PID control system with the variable set to be a fixed value, and the upper computer adjusts the frequency of the feeder and the opening degree of the air valve to adjust the load of the combustor.
During the working process, the powder fuel enters the primary air powder pipe 1 from the feeder through the first inlet 101, and after the uniform action of the homogenizer 9, the powder fuel enters the reflux cap 7 through the first outlet 102. After the pulverized fuel enters the backflow cap 7, a part (50% -80%) of the pulverized fuel collides with the first plate body 701 to form backflow pulverized fuel, the backflow pulverized fuel rebounds and moves upwards to collide with the blocking surface 801 of the blocking ring 8, rebounding occurs again, and multiple times of backflow flow are formed in a backflow area between the blocking ring 8 and the backflow cap 7. Part of pulverized fuel (20% -50%) enters the hearth through the through groove 703 to form the directly flowing pulverized fuel. The directly flowing out powder fuel forms gradation in the inner and outer directions through the through grooves 703, and the central region of the directly flowing out powder fuel is rich in oxygen and lean in oxygen, and the peripheral region of the flame is rich in oxygen and lean in oxygen. Meanwhile, the inner secondary air enters the combustion chamber 1001 through the cyclone blade outlet 202 under the cyclone action of the cyclone blades 2 and is mixed and combusted with the reflowing pulverized fuel to form stable flame; the outer secondary air is fed into combustion-supporting air in time through the fourth outlet to promote the fuel to release a large amount of heat; the tertiary air is introduced into the air through a third outlet; therefore, air classified supplement is realized through the inner secondary air, the outer secondary air and the tertiary air. By the measures, the combustor can ensure the ignition and the combustion stability under low load, and can reduce NOxInitial discharge of (1).
Since the primary air-powder duct 1 of the burner 100 according to the embodiment of the present invention is detachably mounted on the casing 10, an appropriate primary air-powder duct 1 can be selectively mounted according to a specific pulverized fuel. The distance between the combustible powder fuel selection blocking ring 8 and the first outlet 102 in the axial direction of the primary air powder pipe 1 is short, so that a backflow area formed between the blocking ring 8 and the backflow cap 7 is short, and the primary air powder pipe 1 cannot be overheated and deformed. The distance between the flame-retardant powder fuel selection blocking ring 8 and the first outlet 102 in the axial direction of the primary air powder pipe 1 is long, so that a backflow area formed between the blocking ring 8 and the backflow cap 7 is long, and the combustion of the powder fuel is facilitated.
The burner 100 of the embodiment of the invention is arranged in a boiler, the burnout rate of the pulverized fuel is more than 99 percent through reasonable aerodynamic field organization, the thermal efficiency of the boiler reaches 90 percent, and NO of the boiler is reduced when pulverized bituminous coal and biomass powder are used as the pulverized fuelxInitial emissions are less than 200mg/Nm3. Boiler NO when using semi-coke and lean coal as pulverized fuelxInitial discharge less than 400mg/m3。
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "central," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," "counterclockwise," "axial," "radial," "circumferential," and the like are used in the orientations and positional relationships indicated in the drawings for convenience in describing the invention and to simplify the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the referenced devices or elements must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and are therefore not to be considered limiting of the invention.
Furthermore, the terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means at least two, e.g., two, three, etc., unless specifically limited otherwise.
In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly and can, for example, be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally formed. Either mechanically or electrically or in communication with each other. They may be directly connected or indirectly connected through intervening media, or they may be connected internally or in any other suitable relationship, unless expressly stated otherwise. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.
In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, the first feature "on" or "under" the second feature may be directly contacting the first and second features or indirectly contacting the first and second features through an intermediate. Also, a first feature "on," "over," and "above" a second feature may be directly or diagonally above the second feature, or may simply indicate that the first feature is at a higher level than the second feature. A first feature being "under," "below," and "beneath" a second feature may be directly under or obliquely under the first feature, or may simply mean that the first feature is at a lesser elevation than the second feature.
In the present disclosure, the terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "an example," "a specific example," or "some examples" and the like mean that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present disclosure. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above are not necessarily intended to refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. Furthermore, various embodiments or examples and features of different embodiments or examples described in this specification can be combined and combined by one skilled in the art without contradiction.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present invention, and that variations, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to the above embodiments by those of ordinary skill in the art within the scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A burner capable of burning a plurality of pulverized fuels is characterized by comprising:
a housing having a combustion chamber extending in an axial direction of the housing, an axial end of the housing being open to communicate with a furnace;
the primary air powder pipe is detachably arranged on the shell and is provided with a first inlet and a first outlet, the first inlet is arranged outside the combustion chamber, and the first outlet is arranged inside the combustion chamber;
the backflow cap is connected with the primary air powder pipe and comprises a first plate body and a second plate body, the second plate body is provided with a first end and a second end which are opposite in the axial direction of the shell, the second end is far away from the primary air powder pipe relative to the first end in the axial direction of the shell, the second end is connected with the outer edge of the first plate body, the first plate body is spaced from the first outlet in the axial direction of the shell, the second plate body is spaced from the outer surface of the primary air powder pipe in the inner and outer directions, and a plurality of through grooves are formed in the first plate body;
the blocking ring is sleeved and fixed on the outer surface of the primary air powder pipe and is provided with a blocking surface facing the first plate body;
a secondary air system including a secondary air duct having a second inlet and a second outlet, the second outlet communicating with the combustion chamber; and
and the tertiary air system comprises a tertiary air duct, the tertiary air duct is provided with a third inlet and a third outlet, and the third outlet is communicated with the hearth.
2. The burner for combusting a plurality of pulverized fuels according to claim 1, wherein each of the plurality of through grooves is provided on a rim of the first plate body, the plurality of through grooves are provided at intervals in a circumferential direction of the first plate body, the second plate body has an inclined portion on which the second end is located, and the inclined portion is gradually inclined outward in a direction from the first end to the second end.
3. The burner capable of combusting a plurality of pulverized fuels as claimed in claim 2, wherein the inclination angle of the inclined portion is 10 ° to 45 °.
4. The burner capable of burning a plurality of pulverized fuels according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the distance between the barrier ring and the first outlet is L0The inner diameter of the open end of the shell is D0Said L is0And said D0The ratio of (A) to (B) is 0.3-1.5.
5. The burner capable of combusting a plurality of pulverized fuels according to claim 2 or 3, wherein the secondary air duct comprises: the secondary air channel is arranged on the outer side of the shell, the second inlet is arranged on each of the inner secondary air channel and the outer secondary air channel, the second outlet is arranged on the inner secondary air channel, the outer secondary air channel is provided with a fourth outlet, and the fourth outlet is communicated with the hearth.
6. The burner capable of combusting a plurality of pulverized fuels according to claim 5, further comprising heat dissipating fins provided on an outer surface of the casing, the heat dissipating fins being located inside the secondary air duct.
7. The burner capable of combusting a plurality of pulverized fuels according to claim 6, wherein the outer secondary air duct comprises an annular portion, and one half of the difference between the outer diameter of the annular portion and the inner diameter of the annular portion is D1The width of the radiating fin in the inner and outer directions is H, H and D1The ratio of (A) to (B) is 0.5-0.8;
the length of the heat radiating fin in the axial direction of the housing is L1Said L is1And said D0The ratio of (A) to (B) is 0.1-0.5.
8. The burner capable of burning a plurality of pulverized fuels according to claim 5, further comprising:
the first air box is arranged on the outer side of the shell and provided with a first air box inlet and a first air box outlet, the first air box inlet is communicated with the second outlet of the inner secondary air channel, and the first air box outlet is communicated with the combustion chamber;
the second air box is arranged on the outer side of the shell and provided with a second air box inlet and a second air box outlet, the second air box inlet is communicated with the fourth outlet, and the second air box outlet is communicated with the hearth;
the third air box is arranged on the outer side of the shell and provided with a third air box inlet and a third air box outlet, the third air box inlet is communicated with the third outlet, and the third air box outlet is communicated with the hearth;
the recirculation fan comprises a first fan inlet and a first fan outlet, and the first fan inlet is used for being communicated with the circulating flue gas;
a blower including a second blower inlet and a second blower outlet, the second blower inlet for communicating with air; and
recycling bellows, recycling bellows includes fourth bellows import, fifth bellows import, fourth bellows export, fifth bellows export and sixth bellows export, first fan export with fourth bellows import intercommunication, second fan export with fifth bellows import intercommunication, fourth bellows export with the second import intercommunication in interior overgrate air duct, fifth bellows export with the second import intercommunication in outer overgrate air duct, sixth bellows export with the third import intercommunication.
9. The burner capable of combusting a plurality of pulverized fuels according to claim 8, wherein the first windbox outlet and the second windbox outlet are provided at a spacing in an axial direction of the housing; the second windbox outlet and the third windbox outlet are disposed at a spacing in the inner-outer direction.
10. The burner capable of combusting a plurality of pulverized fuels as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3, further comprising a homogenizer installed inside the primary air-powder pipe;
the distance between the material homogenizer and the first outlet is L2The inner diameter of the primary air powder pipe is D2Said L is2And said D2The ratio of (A) to (B) is 5-10.
CN202110377937.0A 2021-04-08 2021-04-08 Burner capable of burning various powder fuels Active CN113007705B (en)

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