CN113005552A - Colored special-shaped acrylic fiber and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
Colored special-shaped acrylic fiber and preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN113005552A CN113005552A CN201911335331.XA CN201911335331A CN113005552A CN 113005552 A CN113005552 A CN 113005552A CN 201911335331 A CN201911335331 A CN 201911335331A CN 113005552 A CN113005552 A CN 113005552A
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- 229920002972 Acrylic fiber Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 61
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 51
- 229920002239 polyacrylonitrile Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000004043 dyeing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- NLHHRLWOUZZQLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acrylonitrile Chemical compound C=CC#N NLHHRLWOUZZQLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 40
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 238000009987 spinning Methods 0.000 claims description 22
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 230000015271 coagulation Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000005345 coagulation Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000001112 coagulating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- VGTPCRGMBIAPIM-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium thiocyanate Chemical compound [Na+].[S-]C#N VGTPCRGMBIAPIM-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 7
- BAPJBEWLBFYGME-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl acrylate Chemical compound COC(=O)C=C BAPJBEWLBFYGME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000002091 cationic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- VVQNEPGJFQJSBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl methacrylate Chemical compound COC(=O)C(C)=C VVQNEPGJFQJSBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- SZHIIIPPJJXYRY-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;2-methylprop-2-ene-1-sulfonate Chemical compound [Na+].CC(=C)CS([O-])(=O)=O SZHIIIPPJJXYRY-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 3
- JAHNSTQSQJOJLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(3-fluorophenyl)-1h-imidazole Chemical compound FC1=CC=CC(C=2NC=CN=2)=C1 JAHNSTQSQJOJLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- XTXRWKRVRITETP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Vinyl acetate Chemical compound CC(=O)OC=C XTXRWKRVRITETP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- LVHBHZANLOWSRM-UHFFFAOYSA-N methylenebutanedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)CC(=C)C(O)=O LVHBHZANLOWSRM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004745 nonwoven fabric Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- -1 sodium propylene sulfonate Chemical compound 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920002821 Modacrylic Polymers 0.000 claims 1
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000011550 stock solution Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000002270 dispersing agent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000004040 coloring Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- HGINCPLSRVDWNT-UHFFFAOYSA-N acrylaldehyde Natural products C=CC=O HGINCPLSRVDWNT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009973 dope dyeing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- JHUFGBSGINLPOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-chloro-4-(trifluoromethoxy)benzoyl cyanide Chemical compound FC(F)(F)OC1=CC=C(C(=O)C#N)C=C1Cl JHUFGBSGINLPOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001867 inorganic solvent Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003049 inorganic solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002932 luster Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012805 post-processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010865 sewage Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011800 void material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002166 wet spinning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002759 woven fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
- D01F6/00—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof
- D01F6/28—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from copolymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- D01F6/38—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from copolymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds comprising unsaturated nitriles as the major constituent
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
- D01F11/00—Chemical after-treatment of artificial filaments or the like during manufacture
- D01F11/04—Chemical after-treatment of artificial filaments or the like during manufacture of synthetic polymers
- D01F11/06—Chemical after-treatment of artificial filaments or the like during manufacture of synthetic polymers of macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Artificial Filaments (AREA)
- Coloring (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a colored special-shaped acrylic fiber and a preparation method and application thereof. The colored special-shaped acrylic fibers consist of acrylic fibers and dye, wherein the acrylic fibers and the dye are combined through ionic bonds and hydrogen bonds; wherein the viscosity average molecular weight of the acrylic fiber is 4.5-6.5 ten thousand, and the acrylic fiber is a polyacrylonitrile polymer with the acrylonitrile content of more than 80 wt%. The colored profiled acrylic fibers have flat fiber performance, higher washing color fastness (more than or equal to grade 4) and lower lustring temperature, avoid the subsequent dyeing of the profiled fibers, reduce the environmental pollution and have wide application prospect; and the preparation process is simple, green and environment-friendly, and convenient and flexible to operate.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of acrylic fiber manufacturing, in particular to colored special-shaped acrylic fibers which are convenient to operate, safe and environment-friendly and have higher glossiness and washing color fastness, and a preparation method and application thereof.
Background
In China, flat fibers are mainly used for producing the special-shaped fibers. The flat acrylic fiber has special luster, bulkiness and pilling resistance, and has good post-processing effect.
Chinese patent CN01126748.8 method for preparing colored acrylon by dope dyeing method discloses a method for preparing colored acrylon by using NaSCN wet spinning process and dope dyeing method, comprising the following steps: 1) mixing the pigment, the dispersing agent and a NaSCN aqueous solution to prepare uniform color paste, wherein the concentration of the NaSCN aqueous solution is the same as that used for preparing a spinning stock solution, the weight ratio of the pigment to the dispersing agent is 1: 0.02-1: 0.05, and the weight percentage content of the sum of the pigment and the dispersing agent in the color paste is 5-15%; 2) grinding the color paste until the average particle size of the pigment and the dispersant particles in the color paste is less than 1 mu m; 3) heating the color paste to the same temperature of the spinning solution, mixing the color paste and the spinning solution on line by using a high-speed shearing mixing pump, and feeding the mixture into a spinning machine for spinning, wherein the mixing flow ratio of the spinning solution and the color paste is 100: 1.0-100: 5.0. This patent mainly describes the preparation of colored size and the production of conventional acrylic fibers, which is not suitable for the production of colored profiled fibers.
Chinese patent CN106567148A "a method for producing dry-process flat acrylic fibers", heating stock solution with a heater, and filtering the heated stock solution; pressurizing the filtered stock solution by a booster pump, and conveying the stock solution to a spinneret plate for spinning after passing through a metering device; the raw liquid sprayed by the spinneret plate enters a channel and is quickly evaporated under the action of high-temperature gas entering the channel to form nascent fiber with a flat section; the nascent fiber is drawn after being washed by water to obtain acrylic fiber, and the drawing temperature is 65-99 ℃; and drying the drafted acrylic fiber, cutting, packaging and warehousing. The dry method for producing the flat acrylic fiber belongs to the production method of organic solvent dry method acrylic fiber, and is not suitable for the production of inorganic solvent wet method flat acrylic fiber.
The current coloring method of acrylic fiber mainly comprises three methods: stock solution coloring and subsequent dyeing. Wherein, the dope coloring may affect the spinnability and the physical property of the fiber, and simultaneously has the characteristic of difficult color change. The subsequent dyeing may have the problem of poor dyeing degree and simultaneously generate a large amount of sewage.
Therefore, the development of the preparation method of the colored special acrylic fibers which is convenient to operate, safe and environment-friendly and has a good product has a practical significance.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide colored special-shaped acrylic fibers and a preparation method and application thereof. The colored profiled acrylic fibers have flat fiber performance, higher washing color fastness (more than or equal to grade 4) and lower lustring temperature, avoid the subsequent dyeing of the profiled fibers, reduce the environmental pollution and have wide application prospect; and the preparation process is simple, green and environment-friendly, and convenient and flexible to operate.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
the invention provides colored special-shaped acrylic fibers which mainly comprise acrylic fibers and a dye, wherein the acrylic fibers and the dye are combined through ionic bonds and hydrogen bonds;
wherein the viscosity average molecular weight of the acrylic fiber is 4.5-6.5 ten thousand, and the acrylic fiber is a polyacrylonitrile polymer with the acrylonitrile content of more than 80 wt%.
Further, the polyacrylonitrile polymer contains a first monomer, a second monomer and a third monomer; wherein, the first monomer is acrylonitrile, and the second monomer is selected from one of methyl acrylate, vinyl acetate and methyl methacrylate; the third monomer is selected from one of sodium methallyl sulfonate, sodium propylene sulfonate and itaconic acid.
Furthermore, the content of the first monomer in the polyacrylonitrile polymer is 87-94 wt%, the content of the second monomer in the polyacrylonitrile polymer is 5-12 wt%, and the content of the third monomer in the polyacrylonitrile polymer is 0.5-1.5 wt%.
Further, the third monomer contains a group capable of forming an ionic bond and a hydrogen bond with the dye.
Further, the dye is a cationic dye.
Further, the cationic dye is a cationic dye of Dystar or Huntsman series.
The invention also provides a method for preparing the colored heterotype acrylic fiber, which comprises the following steps:
(1) fiber forming: heating the acrylic fiber spinning solution to 80-90 ℃, extruding the acrylic fiber spinning solution through a spinneret plate, and performing double diffusion in a coagulating bath to form nascent fibers;
the preparation method of the acrylic fiber spinning solution comprises the following steps:
taking a sodium thiocyanate aqueous solution with the concentration of 50-60 wt% as a solvent, mixing a polyacrylonitrile polymer with the viscosity average molecular weight of 4.5-6.5 ten thousand in the solvent for dissolving, and preparing an acrylic fiber spinning solution with the content of the polyacrylonitrile polymer of 7-12 wt%;
(2) dyeing: immersing a bath of nascent fiber in a solution containing a dye; wherein the dye content in the dye-containing solution is 0.1-5 wt%, the temperature of the dye-containing solution is 20-50 ℃, and the contact time of the fiber and the dye-containing solution is 5-20 s;
(3) washing and hot drawing: washing the dyed fiber with water, and then drafting the fiber by a drafting machine, wherein the washing temperature is 80-90 ℃, and the total drafting multiple is less than or equal to 14;
(4) and (3) post-treatment: drying the drafted fiber, wherein the temperature of a dry wet bulb is set to be 60-80 ℃, and the temperature of a dry bulb is set to be 120-150 ℃; and then applying oil for curling, and then sending the tows into a shaping pot, wherein the shaping temperature is 100-150 ℃, so as to prepare the colored profiled acrylic fiber.
Further, the spinneret plate in the step (1) extrudes, the spray holes of the spinneret plate are rectangular holes, and the length-width ratio of the extrusion holes of the spray holes is 2-18: 1, the length-width ratio of the injection hole extrusion hole is 1-12: 1, the length of an extrusion hole is more than 0.1mm, and the number of spinneret plate holes is 10000-30000; the ratio of the extrusion speed to the speed of the pulling roll is 1.0 to 2.5.
Further, the temperature of the coagulation bath in the step (1) is 0-6 ℃, and the mass concentration of the solvent in the coagulation bath is 11-15%.
Further, the dye content in the dye-containing solution in the step (2) is 0.5-5 wt%, the temperature of the dye-containing solution is 20-30 ℃, and the contact time of the fiber and the dye-containing solution is 10-15 s.
The invention also provides the application of the colored special-shaped acrylic fibers in the fields of pure spinning yarns, blended yarns, knitted fabrics, woven fabrics or non-woven fabrics.
Further, the colored profiled acrylic fibers are staple fibers, filaments or tows.
The invention adopts the fiber bath obtained by preliminary drawing and washing or further drying through the coagulating bath to soak the solution containing the dye, at the moment, the structure of the fiber is very loose and open, the orientation degree of the fiber is smaller, and the fiber has higher void ratio and larger specific surface area, thereby being beneficial to the dye to rapidly enter the fiber and be combined with the group of the third monomer on the acrylic fiber molecular chain in the form of ionic bond and hydrogen bond, the dye can be firmly combined with the fiber in the subsequent processing process of the fiber, the color fastness of the colored profiled acrylic fiber is improved, the color of the colored profiled acrylic fiber is uniform, and the color fastness of the colored profiled acrylic fiber has higher washing color fastness and flatness.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the colored special acrylic fibers provided by the invention have flat fiber performance, higher washing color fastness (not less than 4 grade) and lower lustring temperature, avoid the subsequent dyeing of the special fibers, reduce the environmental pollution and have wide application prospect. The preparation process is simple, environment-friendly and convenient and flexible to operate.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to specific examples. The following examples will assist those skilled in the art in further understanding the invention, but are not intended to limit the invention in any way. It should be noted that it would be apparent to those skilled in the art that several modifications and improvements can be made without departing from the inventive concept. All falling within the scope of the present invention.
Example 1
(1) Fiber forming: the solvent is sodium thiocyanate aqueous solution with the mass concentration of 50 wt%, and the following monomers in parts by weight are dissolved by a high-speed dissolver: 92 parts of acrylonitrile, 7.5 parts of methyl methacrylate and 0.5 part of sodium methallylsulfonate, and dissolving to prepare a spinning solution with the content of 7-12% of polyacrylonitrile polymer (the viscosity average molecular weight of polyacrylonitrile in the polyacrylonitrile polymer is about 4.5-6.5 ten thousand).
And heating the spinning solution to 85 ℃ through a heater, extruding the heated spinning solution from the rectangular hole of the spinneret plate, and performing double diffusion in a coagulating bath to form nascent fiber. Wherein, the length-width ratio of the extrusion hole of the spinneret plate spray hole is 15: 1, the length-width ratio of the extrusion holes of the spray holes is 10:1, the hole length of the extrusion holes is more than 0.1mm, the number of holes of the spinneret plate is 10000, the temperature of the coagulating bath is 5 ℃, the concentration of the coagulating bath is 14 percent, and the ratio of the extrusion speed to the speed of the traction roller is 2.
(2) Dyeing: immersing acrylic fiber in a dye-containing solution, wherein the dye content of the dye-containing solution is 3%, the temperature of the dye-containing solution is 30 ℃, the contact time of the fiber and the dye-containing solution is 20s, and the dye is Dystar series cationic dye (Dystar Black FDL);
(3) washing and hot drawing: and (3) washing the dyed fiber with water, and then drafting the fiber by a drafting machine, wherein the washing temperature is 85 ℃, and the total drafting multiple is less than or equal to 14.
(4) And (3) post-treatment: drying the drafted fiber, wherein the temperature of a dry wet bulb is set to be 80 ℃, and the temperature of a dry bulb is set to be 130 ℃; and then applying oil to curl, and then sending the tows into a shaping pot, wherein the shaping temperature is 1200 ℃, and finally obtaining the colored profiled acrylic fiber.
Example 2
(1) Fiber forming: the solvent is sodium thiocyanate aqueous solution with the mass concentration of 50 wt%, and the following monomers in parts by weight are dissolved by a high-speed dissolver: 90 parts of acrylonitrile, 9 parts of methyl acrylate and 1 part of sodium allylsulfonate are dissolved to prepare spinning solution with the content of polyacrylonitrile polymer (the viscosity average molecular weight of polyacrylonitrile in the polyacrylonitrile polymer is about 4.5-6.5 ten thousand) of 10-12%.
Heating the spinning solution to 85 ℃ by a heater, extruding the heated spinning solution from a rectangular hole of a spinneret plate, and forming nascent fiber by double diffusion in a coagulating bath, wherein the length-width ratio of an extrusion hole of a spray hole of the spinneret plate is 10:1, the length-width ratio of an extrusion hole of a spray hole is 6:1, the hole length of the extrusion hole is more than 0.3mm, the number of holes of a spinneret plate is 30000, the temperature of a coagulation bath is 0 ℃, the concentration of the coagulation bath is 11%, and the ratio of the extrusion speed to the speed of a traction roller is 1.5.
(2) Dyeing: immersing acrylic fiber in a dye-containing solution, wherein the dye content of the dye-containing solution is 1.5%, the temperature of the dye-containing solution is 20 ℃, and the contact time of the fiber and the dye-containing solution is 10s, wherein the dye is a Huntsman series cationic dye (Huntsman Black FBL);
(3) washing and hot drawing: and (3) washing the dyed fiber with water, and then drafting the fiber by a drafting machine, wherein the washing temperature is 90 ℃, and the total drafting multiple is less than or equal to 14.
(4) And (3) post-treatment: drying the drafted fiber, wherein the temperature of a dry wet bulb is set to be 60 ℃, and the temperature of a dry bulb is set to be 150 ℃; and then applying oil to curl, and then sending the tows into a shaping pot, wherein the shaping temperature is 140 ℃, and finally obtaining the colored profiled acrylic fiber.
Examples 3 to 8
Examples 3-8 the procedure of preparation is the same as in example 1, with most of the experimental parameters being the same as in example 1, except that the spinneret orifice extrusion orifice aspect ratio, are selected, and the specific parameters are listed in table 1. Different spinneret plates are compared under the same coagulation bath forming conditions, the temperature of the coagulation bath is 2 ℃, the concentration of the coagulation bath is 12.5%, and the ratio of the extrusion speed to the speed of the traction roller is 1.8. The results are given in the following table:
TABLE 1 examples 3-8 spinneret orifice parameters and fiber formation
| Examples | Length to diameter ratio of squeezed hole | Length to diameter ratio of extrusion orifice | Coagulation bath formation | Cross-sectional shape of fiber |
| 3 | 2 | 6 | Good effect | Oval shape |
| 4 | 2 | 18 | Slightly with mustache | Flat shape |
| 5 | 5 | 12 | Good effect | Spindle shape |
| 6 | 5 | 18 | Slightly with mustache | Flat shape |
| 7 | 12 | 12 | Slightly with mustache | Spindle shape |
| 8 | 12 | 18 | Slightly with mustache | Flat shape |
Note: observing the cross section of the fiber by using a microscope
Examples 9 to 14
Examples 9-14 were prepared as in example 2, with most of the experimental parameters being the same as in example 2, except that we used a spinneret orifice to extrude a hole aspect ratio of 10:1, testing acrylic fibers trial-produced by a spinneret plate with 20000 holes according to different coagulation bath forming conditions.
The results are given in the following table:
table 2 examples 9-14 preparation process parameter sets
While the preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the embodiments disclosed, but is capable of numerous equivalents and substitutions, all of which are within the scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. A colored heterotype acrylic fiber consists of acrylic fiber and dye, wherein the acrylic fiber and the dye are combined through ionic bonds and hydrogen bonds; wherein the viscosity average molecular weight of the acrylic fiber is 4.5-6.5 ten thousand, and the acrylic fiber is a polyacrylonitrile polymer with the acrylonitrile content of more than 80 wt%.
2. The colored profiled acrylic fiber as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the polyacrylonitrile polymer contains a first monomer, a second monomer and a third monomer; wherein the first monomer is acrylonitrile; the second monomer is selected from one of methyl acrylate, vinyl acetate and methyl methacrylate; the third monomer is selected from one of sodium methallyl sulfonate, sodium propylene sulfonate and itaconic acid.
3. The colored profiled acrylic fiber as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the content of the first monomer in the polyacrylonitrile polymer is 87-94 wt%, the content of the second monomer in the polyacrylonitrile polymer is 5-12 wt%, and the content of the third monomer in the polyacrylonitrile polymer is 0.5-1.5 wt%.
4. The colored profiled acrylic fiber as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the third monomer contains a group capable of forming an ionic bond and a hydrogen bond with the dye.
5. The colored profiled acrylic fiber as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the dye is a cationic dye.
6. A method for preparing the colored modacrylic of any of the claims 1-5 comprising:
(1) fiber forming: heating the acrylic fiber spinning solution to 80-90 ℃, extruding the acrylic fiber spinning solution through a spinneret plate, and performing double diffusion in a coagulating bath to form nascent fibers;
the preparation method of the acrylic fiber spinning solution comprises the following steps:
taking a sodium thiocyanate aqueous solution with the concentration of 50-60 wt% as a solvent, mixing a polyacrylonitrile polymer with the viscosity average molecular weight of 4.5-6.5 ten thousand in the solvent for dissolving, and preparing an acrylic fiber spinning solution with the content of the polyacrylonitrile polymer of 7-12 wt%;
(2) dyeing: immersing a bath of nascent fiber in a solution containing a dye; wherein the dye content in the dye-containing solution is 0.1-5 wt%, the temperature of the dye-containing solution is 20-50 ℃, and the contact time of the fiber and the dye-containing solution is 5-20 s;
(3) washing and hot drawing: washing the dyed fiber with water, and then drafting the fiber by a drafting machine, wherein the washing temperature is 80-90 ℃, and the total drafting multiple is less than or equal to 14;
(4) and (3) post-treatment: drying the drafted fiber, wherein the temperature of a dry wet bulb is set to be 60-80 ℃, and the temperature of a dry bulb is set to be 120-150 ℃; and then applying oil for curling, and then sending the tows into a shaping pot, wherein the shaping temperature is 100-150 ℃, so as to prepare the colored profiled acrylic fiber.
7. The method of claim 6, wherein: extruding by using the spinneret plate in the step (1), wherein the spray hole of the spinneret plate is a rectangular hole, and the length-width ratio of the spray hole extrusion hole is 2-18: 1, the length-width ratio of the injection hole extrusion hole is 1-12: 1, the length of an extrusion hole is more than 0.1mm, and the number of spinneret plate holes is 10000-30000; the ratio of the extrusion speed to the speed of the pulling roll is 1.0 to 2.5.
8. The method of claim 6, wherein: the temperature of the coagulation bath in the step (1) is 0-6 ℃, and the mass concentration of the solvent in the coagulation bath is 11-15%.
9. The method of claim 6, wherein: the dye content of the dye-containing solution in the step (2) is 0.5-5 wt%, the temperature of the dye-containing solution is 20-30 ℃, and the contact time of the fiber and the dye-containing solution is 10-15 s.
10. Use of the colored acrylic fibers according to any one of claims 1 to 5 in the field of pure spun yarns, blended yarns, knits, wovens or nonwovens.
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2019
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| 上海纺织工学院编: "《腈纶生产工艺及其原理》", 31 July 1976, 上海人民出版社, pages: 151 - 152 * |
| 宋慧君 等: "《染整概论》", 31 January 2014, 东华大学出版社, pages: 98 - 99 * |
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