CN113004714A - 一种蓝色偶联型分散染料复配物及其应用 - Google Patents

一种蓝色偶联型分散染料复配物及其应用 Download PDF

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CN113004714A
CN113004714A CN202110176195.5A CN202110176195A CN113004714A CN 113004714 A CN113004714 A CN 113004714A CN 202110176195 A CN202110176195 A CN 202110176195A CN 113004714 A CN113004714 A CN 113004714A
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钱红飞
钱蕾
钱国春
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Zhejiang Meisheng New Materials Co ltd
University of Shaoxing
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Abstract

本申请提供一种蓝色偶联型分散染料复配物及其应用,属于不同染料混合形成的有机染料技术领域。由对苯二异氰酸酯偶联型蓝色分散染料与对苯二甲酰氯偶联型蓝色分散染料的混配而成。将本申请应用于织物特别是麂皮绒染色,在常规染色温度和时间内,提高了偶联型分散染料染色的色深值,既获得了较高的色深值又具有较好的色牢度性能。

Description

一种蓝色偶联型分散染料复配物及其应用
技术领域
本申请涉及一种蓝色偶联型分散染料复配物及其应用,属于不同染料混合形成的有机染料技术领域。
背景技术
偶联型分散染料是通过具有双官能团化合物(二异氰酸酯或二甲酰氯化合物等)将两个含有一个活性反应基团(羟基或氨基)的分散染料偶联反应在一起,其具有较大的分子量,增加了染料分子与纤维大分子之间的分子间力,从而增加其亲和力和耐热迁移性,表现出较高的湿牢度和耐升华牢度性能,适用于超细纤维和含聚氨酯基聚合物的染色。
仿麂皮织物是经超细纤维组织层与聚氨酯基复合而成,其厚度较大,结构较为紧密,偶联分散染料用于仿麂皮织物染色时,因分子大导致扩散困难,上染率低,专用助染剂的加入,能较大程度的改善上述问题,染色加深,但仍未达到理想的效果,有待进一步提升。
发明内容
有鉴于此,本申请首先提供一种蓝色偶联型分散染料复配物,对蓝色的两只偶联型分散染料进行不同比例的复配试验染色,通过其加和效应,其染色色深值得到了进一步提升与改善。
具体地,本申请是通过以下方案实现的:
一种蓝色偶联型分散染料复配物,由蓝色偶联型分散染料为对苯二异氰酸酯偶联型蓝色分散染料(分散蓝HF-2V)与对苯二甲酰氯偶联型蓝色分散染料(分散蓝HF-V)混配而成,混配质量比为1:9-6:4,优选为3:7-2:8,最优比为3:7。分散蓝HF-2V与分散蓝HF-2V的分子结构式如(1)所示。
Figure BDA0002940772570000021
上述蓝色偶联型分散染料复配物的工作原理:两种蓝色偶联型分散染料,尽管被偶联的分散染料母体都是相同的,均为C.I.分散蓝106染料,见式(2),但是因其偶联剂不同,连接基团有所不同,以异氰酸酯为反应基团的,其连接特征基团为氨基甲酸酯基(即分散蓝HF-2V),以酰氯为反应基团的,其连接特征基团为之基(即分散蓝HF-V);在染色时,因染料的特征基团不同,吸附纤维的位置也有所不同,上染显示加和性。当按最优化比例混合时,在染料总浓度相同的条件下,两只蓝色偶联分散染料复合染色的色样表观色深值为两只单一蓝色偶联分散染料染色色样表观色深值之和,较大幅度提高了染色色深值。
Figure BDA0002940772570000022
采用上述蓝色偶联型分散染料复配物进行染色的工艺如下,配制染液,投入织物进行染色后,还原清洗,脱水烘干,
所述染色工艺中的染液处方为:
Figure BDA0002940772570000031
还原清洗处方:
保险粉 1-2g/L,
烧碱 1-2g/L,
浴比 5-30:1。
上述染色工艺处方中,所述助染剂为水性高分子分散剂(又称水性超分散剂)与脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚磷酸酯型渗透剂的复配物,其质量比为5:5~3:7。
水性高分子分散剂可以是水系超分散剂为聚酯型、聚醚型、聚丙烯酸酯型、聚烯烃类等类型高分子分散剂,可以为以下一些产品,如美国美国路博润lubrizol超分散剂Solsperse20000、BASF公司生产的分散剂CP-9及分散剂CP-72、阿克苏诺贝尔丙烯酸苯乙烯共聚分散剂Alcosperse 747、赢创工业集团TEGO Dispers 747W、镇江市天龙化工有限公司生产的超分散剂Tile-6405等。
脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚磷酸酯型渗透剂的结构通式如式(3)所示,一般为其中的一种或两种复合物。脂肪醇包括C8-10醇、C12-14醇、C16-18醇、异辛醇、月桂醇、异构十醇、异构十三醇等。如江苏海安石油化工厂生产的渗透剂AEP、AEO-9P、MOA-9P等。
Figure BDA0002940772570000032
上述染色工艺中,所述分散剂一般为萘系磺酸甲醛缩合物、木质素磺酸盐类等,可以为国产的分散剂NNO、分散剂MF、分散剂M-9及M-14产品和美国Westvaeo公司的Reax系列产品等。
上述染色工艺中,所述pH值采用适量醋酸或硫酸铵来进行调节。
操作工艺流程:在染缸里先按给定浴比加入适量的水,并根据处方用量(0.5-1.5g/L)加入专用染色助剂,将研磨分散好的两种偶联型蓝色分散染料(染料:分散剂MF的质量比为1:1)按上述优化比例(分散蓝HF-2V与分散蓝HF-V质量之比为:3:7~2:8)混合,并按处方的浓度用量加入染缸,运行均匀后投入织物,并按上述工艺逐步升温至130℃,保温30-60min后降温至80℃左右,排水。再注水,加入适量的保险粉和烧碱后,开始升温至85℃,清洗15-20min后排水,清洗一次后脱水烘干。
综上所述,在助染剂应用的前提下,染料按最优化比例混合,在常规染色温度和时间内,明显提高了偶联型分散染料染色的色深值,既获得了较高的色深值又具有较好的色牢度性能。
附图说明
图1为本申请中的染色工艺曲线图;
图2为蓝色偶联分散染料混配比对染色色深值(K/S)的影响(保温30min,2V代表分散蓝HF-2V,V代表分散蓝HF-V);
图3为蓝色偶联分散染料混配比对染色色深值(K/S)的影响(保温60min,2V代表分散蓝HF-2V,V代表分散蓝HF-V);
图4为分散剂MF浓度对染色的影响;
图5为浴比对染色的影响;
图6为染浴酸碱度对染色的影响。
具体实施方式
以下结合不同染色工艺进行效果举例说明。
实施例1:不同比例复合对染色的影响
两只蓝色偶联分散染料进行复配使用,变化不同的质量比例,对仿麂皮织物进行染色,染料总浓度为2%(o.w.f),助染剂浓度为1g/L,硫酸铵为1g/L,浴比为30:1。染液配制完毕后,60℃入染,先以3℃/min速率升温至80℃,调整至1℃/min升温至110℃,然后再以2℃/min升温至130℃,分别保温30min和60min,降温至80℃排水,后注水升温至85℃进行还原清洗15min,再清洗2次后,排水出布烘干。分别测定染样在不同波长下的表观色深值,获得不同质量比复配染色的染样吸收光谱曲线(λ~K/S),其结果见图2、图3所示。
保温上染时间为30min,从图2数据分析可知,当两只蓝色偶联分散染料即分散蓝HF-2V和分散蓝HF-V分别单独对仿麂皮织物染色时,其最大吸收波长处(λmax为580nm时)的表观色深值(K/S)分别为4.53、7.15。当分散蓝HF-2V:分散蓝HF-V的质量比达到2:8时,其K/S值为最大,达到10.25,接近于两只蓝色偶联分散染料单独染色时最大吸收波长处K/S值之和(11.68)。
保温上染时间为60min,从图3数据分析可知,当两只蓝色偶联分散染料即分散蓝HF-2V和分散蓝HF-V分别单独对仿麂皮织物染色时,其最大吸收波长处(λmax为580nm时)的表观色深值(K/S)分别为4.35、10.21。当分散蓝HF-2V:分散蓝HF-V的质量比达到3:7时,其K/S值为最大,达到13.24,接近于两只蓝色偶联分散染料单独染色时最大吸收波长处K/S值之和(14.56)。
表1复配质量比对染样色泽的影响(保温30min)
Figure BDA0002940772570000051
Figure BDA0002940772570000061
表2复配质量比对染样色泽的影响(保温60min)
Figure BDA0002940772570000062
注:L*表示明亮度,a*表示红与绿的比例,b*表示黄与蓝的比例,C*表示彩度,h表示色相角。
分析表1数据发现,其颜色性能指标所显示的结果与图4-(a)所显示的规律相吻合。当两只蓝色偶联分散染料即分散蓝HF-2V和分散蓝HF-V分别单独对仿麂皮织物染色时,其明度L*值显得比较大,颜色较淡,分别为36.34、35.03。当分散蓝HF-2V:分散蓝HF-V的质量比达到2:8时,其明度L*值最低(33.19),彩度C*最高(30.31),颜色最深,色泽最为鲜亮。
分析表2数据发现,其颜色性能指标所显示的结果与图4-(b)所显示的规律相吻合。当两只蓝色偶联分散染料即分散蓝HF-2V和分散蓝HF-V分别单独对仿麂皮织物染色时,其明度L*值显得比较大,颜色较淡,分别为41.42、31.42。当分散蓝HF-2V:分散蓝HF-V的质量比达到3:7时,其明度L*值最低(27.53),彩度C*较高(28.91),颜色最深,色泽也较为鲜亮。
上述结果表明,当分散蓝HF-2V:分散蓝HF-V的质量比达到3:7或2:8时,其染样色深值为最大,颜色也鲜亮,具有较好的加和效应。
实施例2:不同染色工艺对染色效果的影响
以上述最佳复配物(分散蓝HF-2V:分散蓝HF-V的质量比到3:7或2:8)为染料进行染色,对染色工艺的各参数确认过程进行实验,具体如下:
当染料复配浓度为2%(o.w.f),变化分散剂MF浓度,范围从0-2.5g/L,助染剂(超分散剂Solsperse20000与渗透剂AEP的质量比为4:6)浓度为1g/L,硫酸铵1g/L,浴比为30:1,染色升温控制与实施例1相同,保温60min。染毕分别测定染样在最大吸收波长下的表观色深值,获得结果见图4所示。
从图4可以看出,当分散剂用量为0-2g/L时,染样的K/S值变化较小,当分散剂浓度继续增加时,其染样的表观色深值有较为明显的下降。分散剂MF适量加入,能增加染料的分散稳定性,同时增加染料的溶解性,提高染料的上染速率,在有限的保温时间内,能适当提高染色色深值。但分散剂用量增加到一定浓度时,会较大幅度地降低染料对纤维的亲和力,从而引起色深值降低。因此,本发明染色工艺中分散剂MF的浓度以0-2g/L为宜。
当染料复配浓度为2%(o.w.f),分散剂MF为1g/L,助染剂(超分散剂Solsperse20000与渗透剂AEP的质量比为4:6)浓度为1g/L,硫酸铵1g/L,变化浴比为5:1~50:1,染色升温控制与实施例1相同,保温60min。染毕分别测定染样在最大吸收波长下的表观色深值,获得结果见图5所示。
从上图5发现,随着染浴浴比的增加,染样的表观色深值逐渐下降,至40:1时,下降幅度较大。这是因为随着浴比增加,染料的浓度逐渐下降,会引起染样色深值下降。在实际染色加工时,尽可能通过设备改造,降低染色的浴比,从而做到节水节能。但是浴比太小,也会引起染色不匀等现象,可根据织物的厚薄适当进行调整。
当染料复配浓度为2%(o.w.f),分散剂MF为1g/L,助染剂(超分散剂Solsperse20000与渗透剂AEP的质量比为4:6)浓度为1g/L,通过缓冲试剂的应用变化染浴的pH值,范围为2.5-9.5,浴比为30:1,染色升温控制与实施例1相同,保温60min。染毕分别测定染样在最大吸收波长下的表观色深值,获得结果见图6所示。
从图6可以看出,染浴的最佳pH值范围4.5-6.5,pH值降低或增加,都会引起表观色深值的下降。这也符合分散染料的常规染色工艺,强酸或强碱性介质中,高温染色会引起染料某些基团的水解,从而降低染料对纤维的亲和力。
色牢度性能
将上述最优质量比(分散蓝HF-2V与分散蓝HF-V的质量比3:7)混合染色的染样、以及两只蓝色偶联分散染料单独染色的染样进行色牢度性能测试,测试标准分别为:GB/T3920-2008《纺织品色牢度试验耐摩擦色牢度》、GB/T3921-2008《纺织品色牢度试验耐皂洗色牢度》方法C、GB/T 6152-1997《纺织品色牢度试验耐热压色牢度》。并与常规高温型分散染料分散蓝HGL色样的色牢度性能进行比较,获得结果如下表3所示。
表3蓝色偶联分散染料优化复配染色的色牢度性能
Figure BDA0002940772570000081
注:上表染样染色工艺为:染料浓度为2%(O.w.f),分散剂MF浓度为1g/L,助染剂(超分散剂Solsperse20000与渗透剂AEP的质量比为4:6)浓度为1g/L,硫酸铵1g/L,浴比为30:1,染色升温控制与实施例1相同,保温60min。
从表3数据分析可知,最优化复配染色的染样其色牢度性能基本与偶联染料单独染色的染样相近,比常规染料分散红S-4BL的色牢度性能均有了较大的改善。

Claims (10)

1.一种蓝色偶联型分散染料复配物,其特征在于:由对苯二异氰酸酯偶联型蓝色分散染料与对苯二甲酰氯偶联型蓝色分散染料的混配而成,混配质量比为1:9-6:4,
所述对苯二异氰酸酯偶联型蓝色分散染料的结构式为:
Figure FDA0002940772560000011
所述对苯二甲酰氯偶联型蓝色分散染料的结构式为:
Figure FDA0002940772560000012
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种蓝色偶联型分散染料复配物,其特征在于:对苯二异氰酸酯偶联型蓝色分散染料与对苯二甲酰氯偶联型蓝色分散染料的质量比为3:7-2:8。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种蓝色偶联型分散染料复配物,其特征在于:对苯二异氰酸酯偶联型蓝色分散染料与对苯二甲酰氯偶联型蓝色分散染料的质量比为3:7或2:8。
4.一种蓝色偶联型分散染料复配物的应用,其特征在于:取权利要求1所述的一种蓝色偶联型分散染料复配物,配制染液,投入织物进行染色,染色工艺中的染液处方为:
Figure FDA0002940772560000013
5.根据权利要求4所述的一种蓝色偶联型分散染料复配物的应用,其特征在于:所述助染剂为水性高分子分散剂与脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚磷酸酯型渗透剂的复配物,两者质量比为5:5~3:7。
6.根据权利要求5所述的一种蓝色偶联型分散染料复配物的应用,其特征在于:所述水性高分子分散剂是聚酯型、聚醚型、聚丙烯酸酯型、聚烯烃类高分子分散剂中的任一种。
7.根据权利要求4所述的一种蓝色偶联型分散染料复配物的应用,其特征在于:所述脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚磷酸酯型渗透剂为
Figure FDA0002940772560000021
Figure FDA0002940772560000022
中的一种或两种复合物。
8.根据权利要求4所述的一种蓝色偶联型分散染料复配物的应用,其特征在于:所述脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚磷酸酯型渗透剂结构中,脂肪醇为C8-10醇、C12-14醇、C16-18醇、异辛醇、月桂醇、异构十醇、异构十三醇中的任一种或多种的复合物。
9.根据权利要求4所述的一种蓝色偶联型分散染料复配物的应用,其特征在于:所述分散剂为萘系磺酸甲醛缩合物或木质素磺酸盐类分散剂。
10.根据权利要求4-9任一项所述的一种蓝色偶联型分散染料复配物的应用,其特征在于,应用于染色的工艺路线如下:
(1)在染缸里先按给定浴比加水,并根据处方用量加入助染剂,
(2)将研磨分散好的两种偶联型蓝色分散染料并混合后,按处方浓度用量加入染缸,并按照染料:分散剂=1:1投加分散剂,运行均匀后投入织物,
(3)逐步升温至130℃,保温30~60min后,降温至80℃左右,排水,
(4)再注水,按照保险粉1~2g/L、烧碱1~2g/L加入保险粉和烧碱,浴比5~30:1,升温至85℃,清洗15~20min后排水,再清洗一次后,脱水烘干。
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