CN112996016A - Narrowband wireless communication system construction method based on time-sensitive algorithm - Google Patents
Narrowband wireless communication system construction method based on time-sensitive algorithm Download PDFInfo
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W24/00—Supervisory, monitoring or testing arrangements
- H04W24/02—Arrangements for optimising operational condition
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L12/00—Data switching networks
- H04L12/28—Data switching networks characterised by path configuration, e.g. LAN [Local Area Networks] or WAN [Wide Area Networks]
- H04L12/44—Star or tree networks
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W28/00—Network traffic management; Network resource management
- H04W28/02—Traffic management, e.g. flow control or congestion control
- H04W28/0231—Traffic management, e.g. flow control or congestion control based on communication conditions
- H04W28/0236—Traffic management, e.g. flow control or congestion control based on communication conditions radio quality, e.g. interference, losses or delay
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W74/00—Wireless channel access
- H04W74/08—Non-scheduled access, e.g. ALOHA
- H04W74/0808—Non-scheduled access, e.g. ALOHA using carrier sensing, e.g. carrier sense multiple access [CSMA]
- H04W74/0816—Non-scheduled access, e.g. ALOHA using carrier sensing, e.g. carrier sense multiple access [CSMA] with collision avoidance
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for constructing a narrow-band wireless communication system based on a time-sensitive algorithm, which comprises the following steps: the system comprises an LoRa wireless gateway, an LoRa wireless terminal node, a wireless communication network and a wireless communication protocol; the LoRa wireless gateway controls the data uploading and the data issuing of the channel by using a static time delay channel allocation algorithm, so that the power consumption of equipment is reduced; the LoRa wireless terminal node controls data transmission by using a single radio frequency interface multi-channel dynamic time allocation algorithm, and optimally avoids channel collision; the wireless communication network is provided with two main and auxiliary gateways, and a multiplexing star network topological structure is adopted, so that the real-time performance and the reliability of data transmission are improved; the wireless communication protocol is based on the LoRa transceiving protocol, and a time sensitive algorithm is added to optimize network delay and improve the availability of the system.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of wireless communication technology and Internet of things, in particular to a method for constructing a narrow-band wireless communication system based on a time-sensitive algorithm.
Background
At present, most domestic enterprises use communication modes with standard protocol stacks when the enterprises are in communication of the Internet of things, such as Zigbee, Wi-Fi and LoRaWAN technologies, the advantages are that research and development investment is low, products are fast to appear on the market, the defects are that excessively standardized objects are fragmented in the Internet of things, the flexibility is lacked in the presence of complex diversity, and the pain point of the industry cannot be well solved.
The LoRa is one of LPWAN communication technologies, is an ultra-long distance wireless transmission technology based on a spread spectrum technology, and has the advantages of long distance, low cost, standardization and low power consumption. But the disadvantages are also very obvious, the network capacity is slightly small due to small effective load, channel competition and mutual interference among equipment are caused, and the technology concentration flexibility is poor.
In all wireless applications, several crucial factors cannot be ignored, the first being the distance of wireless communication, which is determined in most cases by the hardware chip. The second factor is reliability, but this factor is often more uncertain than the first factor because the communication distance itself is easily measured, and the communication capability of the system can be tested within a few minutes only by receiving and sending two nodes, but the reliability test is much more complicated, and the following situations often occur:
(1) the test system made of three or five nodes is very reliable, dozens of nodes in batch networking are unstable, and hundreds of nodes are unstable;
(2) dozens of nodes are stable when the communication quantity is not large, but unstable when the communication is frequently transmitted and received;
(3) the network runs stably in a short time, and can be broken down and cannot be recovered after running for a long time, so that a botnet is formed.
Reliable transmission is the most basic starting point for wireless communication technologies.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention adopts the LoRa module to construct the gateway equipment and the terminal node equipment, utilizes the advantages of the LoRa module and overcomes the defects of the prior art, and provides the method for constructing the narrowband wireless communication system based on the time-sensitive algorithm so as to solve the problems of difficult self-networking, small network capacity, channel competition and mutual interference between the equipment, poor real-time performance, high power consumption and poor flexibility in narrowband wireless communication.
The invention relates to a narrow-band wireless communication system of a time sensitive algorithm, which consists of a wireless communication gateway, a wireless communication terminal node, a wireless communication network and a wireless communication protocol, and adopts the technical scheme that:
the wireless terminal node Ni and the gateway are connected by adopting a multiplexing star network topological structure, the multiplexing star network topological structure is characterized in that two wireless gateways are arranged, namely a G1 main wireless gateway and a G2 auxiliary wireless gateway, a G1 and the wireless terminal node form the main star network topological structure, a G2 and the wireless terminal node form the auxiliary star network topological structure, a wireless network where G1 is located communicates in a passive time slice mode, a wireless network where G2 is located communicates in an active polling mode, the communication mode of the network where G1 is located is high in real-time performance and small in data volume, and when the data volume is too large, the wireless terminal node Ni and the gateway can be automatically accessed to the network where G2 is located, so that the reliability of data transmission is guaranteed.
The wireless gateway structure selects an LoRa transceiver, optimizes the peripheral circuit thereof, and applies a static time delay channel allocation algorithm, wherein one channel is a special control channel and is used for sending downlink data so as to ensure the low time delay transmission of a control command, and a plurality of channels are allocated for receiving the uplink data of the wireless terminal node.
The wireless terminal node is constructed by selecting an LoRa transceiver, optimizing a peripheral circuit thereof, applying a single radio frequency interface multi-channel dynamic time allocation algorithm, defaulting a control channel to wait for a gateway control command in a set time, and controlling data transmission by the gateway according to the current network delay condition after an uplink channel is accessed to the network.
The wireless gateway and the wireless terminal node adopt a two-way full duplex technology to ensure the real-time performance of the narrow-band wireless network, so that the operation power consumption of the terminal node equipment is reduced.
The wireless communication protocol utilizes a Markov chain to optimize a competition window value of a wireless network terminal node on the basis of an LoRa transceiving protocol, sets a radio frequency parameter according to a specific application scene, and optimizes network transmission delay by combining a data merging period reporting mechanism.
The system uses a white list authorization access mechanism, self-discovery and self-networking of wireless terminal nodes in a network are managed by wireless gateway equipment, the communication mode of the network is set locally, a transmitting frequency band is received, the white list of the wireless terminal nodes is managed, the wireless terminal nodes are added or deleted, and the parameters of the wireless network and the wireless terminal nodes are changed by local management.
The time-sensitive algorithm is characterized by the following:
the wireless network of G1 adopts competition mechanisms such as optimized CSMA/CA algorithm, time division multiplexing and the like, and a time slot is set before each wireless terminal node sends data, so as to protect the wireless terminal nodes with the same or similar distance from generating channel occupation conflict due to the fact that the wireless terminal nodes simultaneously sense and hear the idle channel; synchronizing the monitoring operation, and monitoring the channel state only by the wireless terminal node in the protection time slot segment; firstly, a wireless terminal node with an idle channel immediately occupies the channel, but only occupies the channel in a protection time slot and does not send data, so that other later-arriving interception signals can be ensured to obtain the occupied information of the channel in time; providing more time slots by combining a dynamic time slot ALOHA method until a unique terminal node exists;
the wireless network where G2 is located uses a combination of greedy algorithm and exhaustive search concept to find the optimal grouping meeting the constraint condition, obtain the maximum network capacity, realize the effectiveness of higher multiplexing gain evaluation algorithm in the aspect of network capacity, ensure that at least one antenna is used for energy collection in each time slot, and ensure that data transmission exists in each time slot.
According to different classifications and different application scenes of wireless terminal nodes, parameters can be set by a narrow-band wireless communication protocol based on a time sensitive algorithm, and network application environments of a periodic reporting type, an irregular acquisition type, an event driving type and the like are respectively supported.
Compared with the prior art, the method has the advantages that the method for constructing the narrow-band wireless communication system based on the time-sensitive algorithm is adopted, the system availability can be improved, the network capacity is increased, the overall safety of the network is effectively ensured, the throughput rate is improved, channel conflicts are optimally avoided, and the power consumption of equipment is kept at a level of 10 microamperes.
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FIG. 1 is a multiplexed star network topology;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a communication mode between a wireless gateway and a wireless terminal node.
Detailed Description
The invention is further illustrated by the following examples, which are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
When a narrow-band wireless communication system based on a time sensitive algorithm is constructed for the first time, equipment SN codes of wireless terminal nodes in the system are stored in two wireless gateways for white list network access management, the wireless gateway G1 is set to be in a passive time slice mode, and the wireless gateway G2 is set to be in an active polling mode.
G1 timing and synchronizing the time of all wireless terminal nodes in the network, the wireless terminal nodes actively sending network access information to G1, a certain terminal node wants to send data only in its own time slice, which cannot be longer than the time length allocated by the system, and it is ensured that the task can enter the executed task when it needs to be executed.
The wireless terminal node defaults to initiate a connection request through a control channel when being powered on for the first time, and after the wireless terminal node is successfully connected with the network, G1 preferentially selects a channel with the lightest load according to the node distribution condition and the flow on each current available channel, and informs the terminal node in a data reply mode through the connection request. Then, the terminal node will use the channel as a data reporting channel.
The wireless terminal node is switched to a data channel before data reporting each time, and is switched to a control channel again after the data reporting is finished. Meanwhile, when the load on each channel changes, the gateway G1 redistributes each end node channel to avoid the situation that the load of a certain channel is much higher than that of other channels. And when the data exceeds the set load capacity, the data is not reported, and the inquiry of the G2 gateway is waited.
G2 inquires the terminal node whether there is data to be sent according to the SN number of the wireless terminal node, if some terminal node has data to send to G2, G2 starts to process the received data. According to the time sensitive algorithm, the wireless terminal node does not report data to the two gateways at the same time in the same response period, so that the reliability of the data is ensured.
According to the aspect of the invention, the wireless gateway and the wireless terminal node communication mode shown in fig. 2, each wireless terminal node and each wireless gateway communication adopts two-way full duplex transmission, the gateway end is provided with two-way radio frequency modules, one-way radio frequency module of the terminal node end performs two-way communication through channel switching, the wireless gateway balances the data transmission link, even if one-way radio frequency module is accidentally dropped, the other-way radio frequency module can normally communicate, and the stability of data transmission is ensured.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and all modifications and equivalents of the present invention, which are made by the contents of the present specification and the accompanying drawings, or directly/indirectly applied to other related technical fields, are included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A construction method of a narrow-band wireless communication system based on a time sensitive algorithm is characterized in that the system comprises the following steps: the system comprises an LoRa wireless gateway, an LoRa wireless terminal node, a wireless communication network and a wireless communication protocol;
the LoRa wireless gateway communicates with the LoRa wireless terminal nodes through the wireless communication protocol to form the wireless communication network, and the narrow-band wireless communication system is formed.
2. The LoRa wireless gateway of claim 1, wherein the LoRa transceiver is selected, peripheral circuits of the LoRa transceiver are optimized, a static time delay channel allocation algorithm is applied, one channel is a dedicated control channel and used for sending downlink data, and a plurality of channels are allocated and used for receiving uplink data of the LoRa wireless terminal node.
3. The LoRa wireless terminal node of claim 1, wherein the LoRa transceiver is selected, the peripheral circuit of the LoRa transceiver is optimized, a single radio frequency interface multi-channel dynamic time allocation algorithm is applied, a control channel is defaulted to wait for a gateway control command within a set time, and after an uplink channel is accessed to a network, the LoRa wireless gateway controls data transmission according to a current network delay condition.
4. The wireless communication protocol of claim 1, wherein a time sensitive algorithm is added on the basis of an LoRa transceiving protocol, a markov chain is used to optimize a contention window value of the LoRa wireless terminal node in the wireless network, radio frequency parameters are set according to a specific application scenario, and a data merging period reporting mechanism is combined to optimize network transmission delay.
5. The time-sensitive algorithm of claim 4, wherein an optimized CSMA/CA algorithm, time division multiplexing, etc. contention mechanism is adopted, and a time slot is set before each wireless terminal node transmits data, so as to protect the wireless terminal nodes at the same or similar distance from colliding channel occupation due to simultaneous detection of channel vacancy; synchronizing the interception operation, and intercepting the channel state only by the wireless terminal node in the protection time slot segment; the wireless terminal node which detects the idle channel immediately occupies the channel, but only occupies the channel in the protection time slot and does not send data, so that other later-arriving detection signals can obtain the occupied information of the channel in time; providing more time slots by combining a dynamic time slot ALOHA method until a unique terminal node exists;
and (3) finding the optimal grouping meeting the constraint condition by combining a greedy algorithm and an exhaustive search idea, realizing the effectiveness of a higher multiplexing gain evaluation algorithm in the aspect of network capacity, ensuring that at least one antenna is used for energy collection in each time slot, and ensuring that data transmission exists in each time slot.
6. The wireless communication network of claim 1, wherein a multiplexed star network topology is used for the connection.
7. The multiplexing star network topology of claim 6, wherein two LoRa wireless gateways are provided, which are respectively a G1 master LoRa wireless gateway and a G2 slave LoRa wireless gateway, G1 and the wireless terminal node form a master star network topology, and adopt a passive time slice method for communication, and G2 and the wireless terminal node form a slave star network topology, and adopt an active polling method for communication.
8. The wireless gateway of loRa with the data transmission of loRa wireless terminal node adopts double-circuit full duplex technique, the loRa gateway sets up double-circuit radio frequency module, the loRa terminal node sets up the radio frequency module of the same kind, carries out double-circuit communication through the channel switch, by wireless gateway comes the balanced data transmission's link.
9. The narrowband wireless communication system according to claim 1, wherein a whitelist authorization access mechanism is used, the LoRa wireless gateway device manages self-discovery and self-networking of the wireless terminal node in the network, sets a communication mode of the network locally, receives a transmission frequency band, manages a whitelist of the wireless terminal node, adds or deletes the wireless terminal node, and locally manages and changes parameters of the wireless network and the wireless terminal node.
10. According to different classifications and different application scenarios of the wireless terminal nodes, the wireless communication protocol can set parameters and respectively support network application environments of a periodic reporting type, an irregular acquisition type, an event driving type and the like.
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| CN109195195A (en) * | 2018-08-13 | 2019-01-11 | 锐捷网络股份有限公司 | LoRa network channel cut-in method, terminal, gateway, server and system |
| CN110740490A (en) * | 2019-10-22 | 2020-01-31 | 深圳市信锐网科技术有限公司 | Terminal network access method, gateway equipment, system, storage medium and device |
| CN111934973A (en) * | 2020-08-19 | 2020-11-13 | 深圳市艾森智能技术有限公司 | Wide-area Internet of things networking method and system supporting real-time reliable service |
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2021
- 2021-02-04 CN CN202110154116.0A patent/CN112996016A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (7)
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| US20180024828A1 (en) * | 2015-02-17 | 2018-01-25 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Method for wirelessly updating firmware in a wide area network |
| CN106358313A (en) * | 2016-08-30 | 2017-01-25 | 中兴长天信息技术（南昌）有限公司 | LORA wireless communication network channel access control method for Internet of Things |
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