CN112994510A

CN112994510A - Flexible communication type totally-enclosed friction nano generator array

Info

Publication number: CN112994510A
Application number: CN202110294213.XA
Authority: CN
Inventors: 俞昊; 吕莎莎; 黄涛; 张欣; 朱美芳
Original assignee: Donghua University
Current assignee: Donghua University
Priority date: 2021-03-19
Filing date: 2021-03-19
Publication date: 2021-06-18

Abstract

The invention relates to a flexible communication type totally-enclosed friction nano generator array. The array includes a flexible enclosure, a first friction layer, a second friction layer, and a back electrode. The array is simple to operate, the materials are conventional and easy to obtain, and the array is non-toxic and harmless; as a waterproof closed structure, the flexible waterproof sealing structure can not be influenced by external environmental conditions and has better sensitivity to external mechanical stimulation.

Description

Flexible communication type totally-enclosed friction nano generator array

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of friction nano power generation, and particularly relates to a flexible communication type totally-enclosed friction nano generator array.

Background

The triboelectrification effect is an unavoidable phenomenon in daily life, and by utilizing the effects of triboelectrification and charge coupling, in 2012, the professor of Wangzhonglin invented a triboelectric nano-generator (TENG), which can convert mechanical energy such as energy in the nature and energy generated by human body movement into electric energy, and provides a new idea for collecting new energy.

However, most of the friction materials of the TENG are polymer films, and under the environmental conditions of high humidity, rain, snow or mist and the like, the friction materials are easy to damage or form a layer of water layer on the surface, so that the surface charge density is quickly dissipated, and the electrical output of the TENG is reduced. Therefore, the closed TENG can effectively resist external conditions, so that the electrical output is not influenced. Because many enclosed structures are made by the ya keli material of stereoplasm, heavy and effective area of contact is little, and when other some flexible enclosed structures received external force, the pressure that inside air produced leads to friction material can not effective abundant contact, has reduced its sensitivity.

In the literature (Jiang T, Yao Y, Xu L, Zhang L, Xiao T, Wang ZL. spring-assisted triboelectric nanogenerator for effective resonant water wave energy. Nano energy.2017; 31:560-7) a hard acrylic plate is used as a substrate to make a bulky device for collecting water wave energy. In the literature (Zhang Z, Bai Z, Chen Y, Guo j. versatile triboelectric nanogenerator with a polymeric structure by air supporting for multiple energy collection. nano energy, 2019; 58:759-67.) a latex balloon is used as a shell, which has good flexibility, but when an external force is applied, the two friction materials are not easy to be fully contacted.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a flexible communication type totally-enclosed friction nano generator array so as to overcome the defect of poor sensitivity of a flexible closed type friction nano generator in the prior art.

The invention provides a flexible communication type totally-enclosed friction nano-generator array, which comprises a flexible closed shell, a first friction layer, a second friction layer and a back electrode, wherein the flexible closed shell is composed of n mutually-communicated cavity units, the first friction layer is arranged at the top of each cavity unit, the second friction layer is arranged at the bottom of each cavity unit, the electrode is positioned below the second friction layer, and n is more than or equal to 2.

Preferably, in the array, the shape of the cavity unit includes a square, a rectangle, a circle or a hexagon.

Preferably, in the array, the height of the cavity unit shell is more than or equal to 2 mm.

Preferably, in the array, the material of the cavity unit is flexible silicon rubber.

Preferably, in the above array, the first friction layer material and the second friction layer material have a difference in friction electrode order.

More preferably, in the above array, the material of the first friction layer and the material of the second friction layer comprise one of polyhydroxybutyrate-amyl ester, polyvinylidene fluoride, polyimide, polyamide, polymethyl methacrylate, polytetrafluoroethylene, polyurethane, polyethylene, polypropylene, polystyrene, polyacrylonitrile, cellulose, polyvinyl chloride, polylactic acid, polycaprolactone, polycarbonate, polydimethylsiloxane and silicone rubber.

The invention also provides application of the flexible communication type totally-enclosed friction nano generator array. Such as for use in a humid environment.

According to the invention, a flexible packaging material is adopted, and each small TENG is constructed into a gas communication channel to balance the internal gas pressure of each TENG, so that the friction material is easy to contact under the action of external force while the water is prevented, and the sensitivity of the friction nano-generator is further improved. For example, in severe environments such as wind and rain, and under the conditions of collecting walking, running, finger pressing and the like, the mechanical energy is more easily converted into electric energy.

Advantageous effects

(1) The invention has simple operation, conventional and easily obtained materials, low cost, no toxicity and no harm;

(2) as a waterproof closed structure, the waterproof structure can not be influenced by external environmental conditions;

(3) the TENG array, which constructs a connecting channel, can effectively balance the internal air pressure when stressed, thereby enabling the mechanical energy to be more easily converted into electric energy.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the general structure of a flexible communication type fully enclosed TENG array of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a sectional structure of a flexible communication type totally-enclosed TENG array of the present invention, wherein 1 is a flexible silicon rubber housing, 2 is a first friction layer, 3 is a second friction layer, and 4 is an electrode;

FIG. 3 is a graph showing the electrical performance output of example 1 of the present invention simulating rains respectively dripping on a connected type closed TENG array (#1) and a non-connected type closed TENG (# 2);

FIG. 4 is an electrical output diagram of totally enclosed triboelectric nanogenerator arrays obtained from example 2 of the invention using a thermoplastic polyurethane film (#1) with an unstructured surface and a thermoplastic polyurethane film (#2) with protrusions on the surface prepared by a lotus leaf template, respectively;

fig. 5 is an electrical output diagram of the fully enclosed triboelectric nanogenerator array of different cavity unit heights in example 3 of the invention.

Detailed Description

The invention will be further illustrated with reference to the following specific examples. It should be understood that these examples are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Further, it should be understood that various changes or modifications of the present invention may be made by those skilled in the art after reading the teaching of the present invention, and such equivalents may fall within the scope of the present invention as defined in the appended claims.

Silicone rubber (Smooth-On, Ecoflex 00-50) was purchased from Shenzhen Hongye technologies, Inc. Thermoplastic Polyurethane (TPU) pellets (1195a10004 CNF 3310528) were purchased from maritime basoft ltd, china. Polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) (SYLGARD184) was purchased from Dow Corning, China.

Adding TPU particles into N, N-Dimethylformamide (DMF), dissolving for 24 hours at 80 ℃ to prepare a 20 wt% TPU solution, taking a certain amount of TPU solution, blade-coating the TPU solution on a clean and flat glass plate, and volatilizing the solvent at room temperature to obtain a TPU film with a certain thickness (30 mu m) and a non-structured surface.

PDMS monomer and crosslinking agent (weight ratio 10: 1) were mixed with stirring to form a homogeneous solution, and then left to stand to remove air bubbles. Coating the PDMS mixed solution on clean and smooth lotus leaves, curing at room temperature, and stripping the cured PDMS membrane from the lotus leaves to obtain the PDMS membrane with a concave structure on the surface; and (3) coating the same TPU solution on the PDMS film in the same method, and volatilizing the solvent at room temperature to obtain the TPU film with the same thickness and the lotus leaf structure with the protruded surface.

Example 1

As shown in fig. 1, the present embodiment provides a flexible communication type totally-enclosed friction nano-generator array, where a flexible enclosed casing is composed of 3 × 3 cavity units that are communicated with each other, the cavity units are cubes, and the height h of the cavity units is 2 mm. As shown in fig. 2, the cross-sectional structure of the flexible communication type totally-enclosed TENG array is shown, thermoplastic polyurethane is located at the top of the cavity unit as a friction anode material, silicon rubber is located at the bottom of the cavity unit as a friction cathode material, the electrode is conductive cloth and located below the silicon rubber, and the whole cavity unit is a totally-enclosed structure packaged by the flexible silicon rubber. And taking a totally-enclosed friction nano generator array with a non-communicated structure (the cavity units are not communicated, and the rest are the same as the flexible communicated totally-enclosed friction nano generator array) as a contrast. Compared with a non-connected structure, the connected structure enables mechanical energy to be converted into electric energy more easily, daily rain is simulated by spraying water up and down on the device through the shower head, as shown in figure 3, #1 is used for simulating the electrical output of raindrops falling on the connected closed TENG array, and #2 is used for simulating the electrical output of raindrops falling on the non-connected closed TENG array, and as can be seen from the figure, #1 has more obvious output than #2, and the superiority of the connected structure is reflected.

Example 2

As shown in fig. 1, the present embodiment provides a flexible communication type totally-enclosed friction nano-generator array, where a flexible enclosed casing is composed of 3 × 3 cavity units that are communicated with each other, the cavity units are cubes, and the height h of the cavity units is 2 mm. As shown in fig. 2, the cross-sectional structure of a flexible communication type fully-enclosed TENG array is shown, wherein #1 is a fully-enclosed structure with a surface unstructured thermoplastic polyurethane film as a friction anode material at the top of a cavity unit, silicone rubber as a friction cathode material at the bottom of the cavity unit, an electrode is conductive cloth below the silicone rubber, and the whole cavity unit is encapsulated by flexible silicone rubber. #2 is a thermoplastic polyurethane film with protrusions on the surface, prepared using a lotus leaf template, as a friction positive electrode material, the rest being as above. TENG is fixed to one end of a linear motor, the other end of which reciprocates at a rate of 3Hz, as shown in fig. 4 as the electrical output of TENG #1 and # 2. As can be seen from the graph, #2 has a more significant output than #1, indicating that improving the surface structure of the friction material is beneficial for increasing TENG output.

Example 3

As shown in fig. 1, the present embodiment provides a flexible connected type totally-enclosed friction nano-generator array, where a flexible enclosed casing is composed of 3 × 3 interconnected cavity units, each cavity unit is a cube, and the height of each cavity unit is h. As shown in fig. 2, the cross-sectional structure of the flexible communication type totally-enclosed TENG array is shown, thermoplastic polyurethane is located at the top of the cavity unit as a friction anode material, silicon rubber is located at the bottom of the cavity unit as a friction cathode material, the electrode is conductive cloth and located below the silicon rubber, and the whole cavity unit is a totally-enclosed structure packaged by the flexible silicon rubber. As shown in fig. 5, when the height h of the cavity unit is changed, TENG is fixed to one end of the linear motor, and the other end of the linear motor reciprocates at a frequency of 3Hz, the electrical output of TENG is different. When the height h of the cavity unit is increased from 2mm to 6mm, the voltage output is increased and then reduced, and when h is 4mm, the electrical performance output is optimal.

Comparative example 1

Hexagonal unconnected arrays of TENG in the shape of a drum, referred to in the reference (Nie S, Guo H, Lu Y, Zhuo J, Mo J, Wang ZL. Superhydrophic Cellulose Paper-Based Triboelectric Nanogenator for Water Drop Energy harvesting. advanced Materials technologies.2020. with an actual friction area per unit of 20cm²The output of the shower head simulating rainfall was 0.7V for the number of cells of 7, whereas in the present invention, the actual frictional area per cell was 9cm²(embodiments 1 to 3), when the number of cells is 9, the output of the simulated rainfall is 8V, and therefore the communicating structure of the present invention has a significant advantage.

Claims

1. A flexible communication type totally-enclosed friction nano generator array is characterized by comprising a flexible closed shell, a first friction layer, a second friction layer and a back electrode, wherein the flexible closed shell is composed of n mutually-communicated cavity units, the first friction layer is arranged at the top of each cavity unit, the second friction layer is arranged at the bottom of each cavity unit, the electrode is positioned below the second friction layer, and n is larger than or equal to 2.

2. The array of claim 1, wherein the shape of the cavity cell comprises a square, a rectangle, a circle, or a hexagon.

3. The array of claim 1, wherein the height of the cavity unit housing is greater than or equal to 2 mm.

4. The array of claim 1, wherein the cavity cell material is a flexible silicone rubber.

5. The array of claim 1, wherein the first rubbing layer material and the second rubbing layer material have a difference in rubbing electrode order.

6. The array of claim 5, wherein the first and second friction layer materials comprise one of polyhydroxybutyrate-amyl, polyvinylidene fluoride, polyimide, polyamide, polymethyl methacrylate, polytetrafluoroethylene, polyurethane, polyethylene, polypropylene, polystyrene, polyacrylonitrile, cellulose, polyvinyl chloride, polylactic acid, polycaprolactone, polycarbonate, polydimethylsiloxane, and silicone rubber.

7. Use of an array of triboelectric nanogenerators according to claim 1.