CN112994465A - Power supply device and control method thereof - Google Patents
Power supply device and control method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN112994465A CN112994465A CN202110171760.9A CN202110171760A CN112994465A CN 112994465 A CN112994465 A CN 112994465A CN 202110171760 A CN202110171760 A CN 202110171760A CN 112994465 A CN112994465 A CN 112994465A
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- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 11
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
- H02M3/22—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac
- H02M3/24—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
- H02M3/28—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac
- H02M3/325—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
- H02M3/335—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
- H02M3/3353—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only having at least two simultaneously operating switches on the input side, e.g. "double forward" or "double (switched) flyback" converter
Abstract
The embodiment of the application provides a power supply device and a control method thereof, wherein the power supply device comprises a transformer, a first buck converter, a bidirectional grid drive pulse transformer, a primary side controller, a secondary side controller, a first optical coupler and a second optical coupler; the transformer converts the voltage of an input power supply of a power supply input port to generate an output voltage; the first buck converter is used for carrying out buck on an input power supply of the power supply input port to generate a supply voltage; the bidirectional gate drive pulse transformer is powered by the supply voltage or the output voltage; the primary side controller is powered by the supply voltage and the secondary side controller is powered by the output voltage; the bidirectional grid drive pulse transformer drives the transformer to operate according to a primary side control signal of the primary side controller or a secondary side control signal of the secondary side controller.
Description
Technical Field
The present application relates to a power supply device and a control method thereof, which can improve the overall power conversion efficiency of the power supply device and reduce the volume and cost of the device.
Background
Referring to fig. 8, the conventional power supply device includes a transformer 100, a Flyback converter 110(Flyback converter), a primary controller 120, a secondary controller 130, a driving winding module 140, and an optocoupler 150, and has a power input port 4, a main power output port 5, and a secondary power output port 6. A filter 101, a first rectifier 102 and a boost circuit 103 may be connected between the transformer 100 and the power input port 4, the power input port of the filter 101 is connected to an ac power source through the power input port 4, and the filter 101 filters an Electromagnetic Interference (EMI) signal of the ac power source; the power input end of the first rectifier 102 is electrically connected to the power output end of the filter 101, and the first rectifier 102 performs ac/dc conversion on the ac power processed by the filter 101 to convert the ac power into a dc power; the power input end of the voltage boost circuit 103 is electrically connected to the power output end of the first rectifier 102, and the dc power output by the first rectifier 102 is boosted by the voltage boost circuit 103; a power input terminal of the transformer 100 is electrically connected to the power output terminal of the voltage boost circuit 103, and the transformer 100 performs voltage conversion on the boosted dc power supply to generate a main output voltage.
A second rectifier 104, a first current sensor 105 and a first protection device 106 are connected between the transformer 100 and the main power output port 5, a power input end of the second rectifier 104 is electrically connected to a power output end of the transformer 100, a power output end of the second rectifier 104 is connected to the main power output port 5, and the second rectifier 104 rectifies the main output voltage of the transformer 100; the power input terminal of the first current sensor 105 is electrically connected to the power output terminal of the second rectifier 104 for performing current sensing on the main output voltage rectified by the second rectifier 104; the power input terminal of the first protection device 106 is electrically connected to the power output terminal of the first current sensor 105, and the power output terminal of the first protection device 106 is connected to the main power output port 5.
The transformer 100 and the secondary power output port 6 are connected with the flyback converter 110 and a second protection device 111, the power input end of the flyback converter 110 is electrically connected with the power output end of the boost circuit 103, the flyback converter 110 performs voltage conversion on the boosted dc power supply to generate a secondary output voltage to the secondary power output port 6; the power input terminal of the second protection device 111 is electrically connected to the power output terminal of the flyback converter 110, wherein the flyback converter 110 is electrically connected to the primary controller 120 and the secondary controller 130, and the flyback converter 110 performs voltage conversion on the boosted dc power supply to generate a power supply for supplying power to the primary controller 120 and the secondary controller 130.
The primary controller 120 is connected to the filter 101, the first rectifier 102 and the boost circuit 103 to sense the voltage and current signals of the primary side of the transformer 100; the secondary controller 130 can be connected to the driving winding module 140, the second rectifier 104, the first current sensor 105 and the first protection device 106 to sense the voltage and current signals on the secondary side of the transformer 100, control the first protection device 106, and output a control signal to the driving winding module 140, so that the driving winding module 140 drives the transformer 100 to operate; the optical coupler 150 is connected between the primary controller 120 and the secondary controller 130 to provide bidirectional signal transmission between the primary controller 120 and the secondary controller 130.
Referring to fig. 9, in order to detect whether the input current value of the power input terminal of the transformer 100 is normal or not in the prior art, a second current sensor 107 may be disposed between the transformer 100 and the boost circuit 103, and the second current sensor 107 outputs a current sampling signal VCS, because the operation of the transformer 100 is determined and controlled by the secondary controller 130, an isolation type current sensor such as a current transformer needs to be additionally disposed on the primary side of the transformer 100, and the current sampling signal VCS is transmitted from the primary side of the transformer 100 to the secondary controller 130 on the secondary side through the current transformer, however, in order to ensure the electrical isolation of the input and output terminals, an isolation structure such as a winding needs to be additionally disposed on the isolation type device, so that the volume of the isolation type device is larger than that of a non-isolation type device, and the volume of the conventional power supply apparatus that needs to dispose the isolation type current sensor is difficult to be reduced, moreover, it is difficult to meet the market demands of the electronic device in terms of volume and weight, and the cost burden of the power supply device is also caused by the arrangement of the isolation device.
In addition, when the flyback converter 110 performs voltage conversion on the dc power, on one hand, a pair of output voltages is generated and outputted through the secondary power output port 6, and on the other hand, the power supply voltage is generated to supply power to the primary side controller 120 and the secondary side controller 130, in other words, the flyback converter 110 needs to output a plurality of sets of voltages, a transformer generally includes an iron core and windings, if output requirements of a plurality of sets of voltages are to be met, the number of the iron core and the windings in the transformer needs to be correspondingly increased, and the iron core and the windings are both solid components and occupy a certain volume, so that the transformer with a plurality of sets of output voltages has a larger volume, therefore, the flyback converter 110 with a larger volume needs to be provided for the power supply device to meet the requirements of outputting a plurality of sets of voltages, which further causes difficulty in reducing the volume of the power supply device, and the flyback converter 110 performs a, each set of voltage conversion will cause power consumption, and thus the overall power conversion efficiency of the power supply device is difficult to be improved.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the present invention provides a power supply device to improve the overall power conversion efficiency of the power supply device and reduce the circuit size and cost.
To achieve the above object, the power supply device of the present invention comprises:
the transformer is provided with a power input end and a power output end, the power input end is electrically connected with a power input port, the power output end is electrically connected with a main power output port, and the transformer performs voltage conversion on an input power of the power input port to generate an output voltage;
the first step-down converter is electrically connected between the power input port and the power input end of the transformer and is used for reducing the voltage of the input power of the power input port to generate a supply voltage;
a bidirectional grid drive pulse transformer electrically connected with the transformer and the first buck converter and powered by the supply voltage or the output voltage;
a primary side controller electrically connected to the first buck converter and the bidirectional gate driving pulse transformer and powered by the supply voltage;
a secondary side controller electrically connected to the power output terminal of the transformer and the bidirectional gate driving pulse transformer, and supplied with power by the output voltage;
a first optical coupler, electrically connected between the primary controller and the secondary controller, for providing bidirectional signal transmission between the primary controller and the secondary controller;
the second optical coupler is electrically connected between the primary side controller and the secondary side controller and is used for transmitting unidirectional signals from the secondary side controller to the primary side controller;
the primary side controller outputs a primary side control signal to the bidirectional grid driving pulse transformer, the secondary side controller outputs a secondary side control signal to the bidirectional grid driving pulse transformer, and the bidirectional grid driving pulse transformer drives the transformer to operate according to the primary side control signal or the secondary side control signal.
The present invention further provides a method for controlling a power supply device, which is performed by a primary side controller and a secondary side controller, wherein the steps performed by the primary side controller include:
receiving a supply voltage to start;
judging whether an input voltage value of a transformer is larger than or equal to an operation voltage value or not, and judging whether the starting is the first starting within a preset time or not;
when the input voltage value of the transformer is judged to be larger than or equal to the operation voltage value and the starting is the first starting within the preset time, outputting a primary side control signal to a bidirectional grid driving pulse transformer to drive the transformer to operate;
the secondary side controller executes the steps of:
when the output voltage value of the transformer is judged to be larger than or equal to a preset output voltage value, and the time that the output voltage value of the transformer is judged to be larger than or equal to the preset output voltage value is longer than a stable power supply threshold time, a control right switching signal is output to stop outputting the primary side control signal, and a secondary side control signal is output to the bidirectional grid drive pulse transformer to drive the transformer to operate.
In the power supply device of the invention, the primary side controller is powered by the power supply voltage of the first step-down converter, the secondary side controller is powered by the output voltage of the transformer, and the primary side controller and the secondary side controller can both control the transformer through the bidirectional grid drive pulse transformer.
In addition, the control method of the power supply device of the invention can achieve the purpose of controlling the transformer by the primary side controller or the secondary side controller through the step of driving the transformer by the primary side control signal and the step of driving the transformer by the secondary side control signal, and does not need to additionally transmit the signal of the primary side to the secondary side through the isolating device, so the problem of larger volume of the device caused by the additional frame type isolating device can be solved, and the control method of the invention has no control means for the prior flyback converter, does not need to respectively supply power to the primary side controller and the secondary side controller by the prior flyback converter as in the prior art, so the problems of increased volume and increased cost of the device caused by the arrangement of the isolating converter can be avoided, and the power consumption caused by additionally carrying out voltage conversion by the flyback converter can be avoided, the overall power conversion efficiency of the power supply device is improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a first block diagram of a power supply apparatus according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a second block diagram of the power supply apparatus according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a third block diagram of the power supply apparatus according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a block diagram of a power supply apparatus according to another embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a block diagram of a circuit for sensing current on a primary side of a transformer;
FIG. 6 is a flowchart illustrating steps of a method for controlling a power supply apparatus according to the present invention;
FIG. 7A is a first timing diagram of the power supply apparatus according to the present invention;
FIG. 7B is a second timing diagram of the power supply apparatus according to the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a block diagram of a conventional power supply apparatus;
FIG. 9 is a block diagram of a prior art circuit for sensing current on a primary side of a transformer.
Detailed Description
Referring to fig. 1, the power supply apparatus of the present invention includes a transformer 10, a first Buck converter (Buck converter)20, a bi-directional gate drive pulse transformer 30, a primary controller 40, a secondary controller 50, a first optocoupler 60, and a second optocoupler 70.
In the present embodiment, a filter 11, a first rectifier 12 and a boost circuit 13 may be connected between the transformer 10 and a power input port 1, the power input port of the filter 11 is connected to an ac power source through the power input port 1, and the filter 11 filters an Electromagnetic Interference (EMI) signal of the ac power source to suppress a conducted signal noise and a radiated signal noise of the ac power source. In the present embodiment, the filter 11 is an electromagnetic interference filter (EMI filter).
The power input end of the first rectifier 12 is electrically connected to the power output end of the filter 11, the first rectifier 12 performs ac/dc conversion on the ac power processed by the filter 11 to convert the ac power into a dc power, and the power output end of the first rectifier 12 outputs a first voltage Vac. In the present embodiment, the first rectifier 12 is a bridge rectifier.
The liter isThe power input terminal of the voltage circuit 13 is electrically connected to the power output terminal of the first rectifier 12, and the first voltage V is applied by the voltage boost circuit 13acBoosted to a second voltage VbulkIn this embodiment, the boost circuit 13 may include a power factor correction circuit (PFC) for increasing a Power Factor (PF) of the power supply device and an inrush current limiter (inrush current limiter) for suppressing an inrush current (inrush current) of the power supply device to provide circuit protection. In this embodiment, the voltage boost circuit 13 can boost the first voltage VacThe second voltage V is boosted to 380V-410VbulkBut the second voltage VbulkThe voltage range of (2) is not limited thereto.
A power input terminal of the transformer 10 is electrically connected to the power output terminal of the voltage boost circuit 13, and the transformer 10 performs voltage conversion on the boosted dc power supply to generate an output voltage.
In this embodiment, a second rectifier 21 may be connected between the transformer 10 and a main power output port 2 and an auxiliary power output port 3, wherein a power input terminal of the second rectifier 21 is electrically connected to a power output terminal of the transformer 10, power output terminals of the second rectifier 21 are respectively connected to the main power output port 2 and the auxiliary power output port 3, the second rectifier 21 rectifies the output voltage generated by the transformer 10, and respectively outputs a main output voltage V12 through the main power output port 2 and outputs an auxiliary output voltage V12 through the auxiliary power output port 3sb. In this embodiment, the transformer 10 is a half-bridge LLC converter, the second rectifier 21 is a synchronous rectifier, and the transformer 10 can step down the dc power supply to 12V, i.e. the main output voltage V12And the secondary output voltage VsbIs 12V, but the type of the transformer 10, the type of the second rectifier 21 and the voltage value of the output power are not limited in this embodiment.
Preferably, a first current sensor 22, a first circuit breaker 23 and a first current source are connected between the second rectifier 21 and the main power output port 2A protection device 24, a power input terminal of the first current sensor 22 is electrically connected to a power output terminal of the second rectifier 21, so as to perform current sensing on the output power rectified by the second rectifier 21; the power input terminal of the first circuit breaker 23 is electrically connected to the power output terminal of the first current sensor 22, and the secondary controller 50 of the power supply apparatus can be based on the main output voltage V12Whether the power supply is stable or not, controls the first circuit breaker 23 to be on or off when the main output voltage V is12When the supply is stable, the first circuit-breaker 23 is in a conducting state, and when the main output voltage V is stable12When the power supply is not stable, the first circuit breaker 23 is in a circuit breaking state, so as to ensure that the unstable power supply voltage cannot damage the electronic device connected to the rear end of the main power output port 2; the power input end of the first protection device 24 is electrically connected to the power output end of the first circuit breaker 23, the power output end of the first protection device 24 is connected to the main power output port 2, and the first protection device 24 is used for preventing the voltage of the electronic device connected to the rear end of the main power output port 2 from being back-flushed to the power supply device, so as to prevent the power supply device from affecting the circuit operation due to the voltage back-flushing of the main power output port 2.
Similarly, a second breaker 31 and a second protection device 32 can be connected between the second rectifier 21 and the secondary power output port 3, the power input terminal of the second breaker 31 is electrically connected to the power output terminal of the second rectifier 21, the secondary controller 50 of the power supply apparatus can control the second breaker 31 to be turned on or off according to whether the power supply of the secondary output voltage Vsb is stable, and when the secondary output voltage V is stablesbWhen the supply is stable, the second breaker 31 is in the conducting state, and when the secondary output voltage V is stablesbWhen the power supply is not stable, the second circuit breaker 31 is in a circuit breaking state, so as to ensure that the unstable power supply voltage cannot damage the electronic device connected to the rear end of the auxiliary power output port 3; the power input terminal of the second protection device 32 is electrically connected to the power output terminal of the second circuit breaker 31, the power output terminal of the second protection device 32 is connected to the auxiliary power output port 3, and the second protection device 32 is used for preventing the auxiliary power output port from being connected to the auxiliary power output port 3The voltage of the electronic device connected to the rear end of the power output port 3 is back-flushed to the power supply device, so that the power supply device is prevented from affecting the circuit operation due to the voltage back-flushing of the auxiliary power output port 3. In this embodiment, the first circuit breaker 23 and the second circuit breaker 31 can be a Metal Oxide Semiconductor Field Effect Transistor (MOSFET), and the first protection device 24 and the second protection device 32 can be an Or-ing Metal Oxide Semiconductor Field Effect Transistor (MOSFET), but the types of the first circuit breaker 23, the second circuit breaker 31, the first protection device 24, and the second protection device 32 are not limited in this embodiment.
Referring to fig. 2, a thick solid line in fig. 2 represents a power transmission path of the power supply apparatus, a thin solid line represents an internal power supply path of the power supply apparatus, so as to record the internal power supply relationship of each device in the power supply apparatus, a power input terminal of the first buck converter 20 is electrically connected to a power output terminal of the first rectifier 12 and a power input terminal of the boost circuit 13, and/or a power output terminal of the boost circuit 13 and the power input terminal of the transformer 10, a power output terminal of the first buck converter 20 is electrically connected to the primary-side controller 40 and the bidirectional gate driving pulse transformer 30, respectively, and the first buck converter 20 converts the first voltage V into the first voltage VacAnd/or the second voltage VbulkStep-down to a supply voltage VccpFrom the supply voltage VccpThe primary controller 40 and the bidirectional gate drive pulse transformer 30 are supplied with power.
The bi-directional gate driving pulse transformer 30 includes a first primary gate driving winding Pri _ N1, a second primary gate driving winding Pri _ N2, a third primary gate driving winding Pri _ N3 and a secondary gate driving winding Sec _ N1, and the bi-directional gate driving pulse transformer 30 can output the supply voltage V _ N1 from the first buck converter 20ccpOr the output voltage of the transformer 10, and the transformer 10 is driven by the first primary-side gate driving winding Pri _ N1 and the second primary-side gate driving winding Pri _ N2 to perform voltage conversion on the dc power.
Referring to figure 3 in conjunction therewith,the thick solid line in fig. 3 represents the power transmission path of the power supply device, the thin solid line represents the internal signal transmission path of the power supply device to record the signal transmission relationship among the devices in the power supply device, the primary controller 40 is connected to the first rectifier 12, the boost circuit 13 and the bi-directional gate drive pulse transformer 30, the primary controller 40 can receive the first voltage VacAnd the second voltage VbulkAnd outputs a primary side control signal VGate PriThe third primary-side gate driving winding Pri _ N3 of the bi-directional gate driving pulse transformer 30 is driven by the third primary-side gate driving winding Pri _ N3 to operate the first primary-side gate driving winding Pri _ N1 and the second primary-side gate driving winding Pri _ N2.
The secondary controller 50 is connected to the second rectifier 21, the first current sensor 22, the first circuit breaker 23, the second circuit breaker 31, the first protection device 24, the second protection device 32 and the bi-directional gate driving pulse transformer 30, and the secondary controller 50 can perform current sensing on the output power rectified by the second rectifier 21 through the first current sensor 22 and output a secondary control signal VGate SecTo the secondary side gate driving winding Sec _ N1, the secondary side gate driving winding Sec _ N1 drives the first primary side gate driving winding Pri _ N1 and the second primary side gate driving winding Pri _ N2 to operate, and the secondary side controller 50 can control the on or off of the first circuit breaker 23, the second circuit breaker 31, the first protection device 24, and the second protection device 32, wherein the first primary side gate driving winding Pri _ N1, the second primary side gate driving winding Pri _ N2, the third primary side gate driving winding Pri _ N3, and the secondary side gate driving winding Sec _ N1 are respectively connected in series with an electronic switch, and the primary side controller 40 is controlled by the primary side control signal V _ N1Gate PriControlling the electronic switch of the third primary-side gate driving winding Pri _ N3 to be turned on or off to control whether the third primary-side gate driving winding Pri _ N3 is operated or not, and the secondary controller 50 controlling the secondary-side control signal VGate SecThe electronic switch of the secondary side gate driving winding Sec _ N1 is controlled to be turned on or off to control whether the secondary side gate driving winding Sec _ N1 operates or not.
The first optical coupler 60 is connected between the primary controller 40 and the secondary controller 50 to provide bidirectional signal transmission between the primary controller 40 and the secondary controller 50 and maintain electrical isolation between the primary side and the secondary side, in the embodiment, the first optical coupler 60 includes three transmission channels transmitted from the primary controller 40 to the secondary controller 50 and one transmission channel transmitted from the secondary controller 50 to the primary controller 40, so that the primary controller 40 transmits the first voltage V to the secondary controller 50acA first voltage signal ACOK corresponding to the second voltage VbulkA second voltage signal BulkOK, an RX signal, and a TX signal for the secondary controller 50 to transmit to the primary controller 40.
The second optical coupler 70 is connected between the primary controller 40 and the secondary controller to provide the secondary controller 50 with unidirectional signal transmission to the primary controller 40 and maintain electrical isolation between the primary side and the secondary side, in this embodiment, the second optical coupler 70 includes a transmission channel transmitted from the secondary controller 50 to the primary controller 40 for the secondary controller 50 to transmit a secondary operation signal to the primary controller 40, and the second optical coupler 70 can be regarded as a unidirectional isolation type communication transmitter between the primary controller 40 and the secondary controller 50.
Referring to fig. 4, in another embodiment, a second buck converter 33 may be connected between the second rectifier 21 and the secondary power output port 3, a power input terminal of the second buck converter 33 is connected to a power output terminal of the second rectifier 21, a power output terminal of the second buck converter 33 is connected to a power input terminal of the second breaker 31, and the second buck converter 33 further steps down the output power rectified by the second rectifier 21 for the power supply device to pass through the output power of the second rectifier 21The main power output port 2 and the auxiliary power output port 3 provide two power supplies with different voltage magnitudes. For example, taking the voltage value of the output power generated by transforming the dc power with the transformer 10 as 12V, the second buck converter 33 can further buck the output power rectified by the second rectifier 21 to 5V, i.e. the main output voltage V12Is 12V, and the secondary output voltage VsbThe voltage is 5V, and the power supply device provides power supply voltages of 12V and 5V for application of rear-end electronic devices through the main power output port 2 and the auxiliary power output port 3.
Referring to fig. 5, preferably, in order to sense whether the input current value of the power input terminal of the transformer 10 is normal or not, so as to avoid damage to the back-end device caused by overcurrent and influence on the power supply efficiency of the power supply apparatus, a second current sensor 14 may be disposed between the transformer 10 and the voltage boost circuit 13, and the second current sensor outputs a current sampling signal VCS to the primary controller 40.
In the power supply apparatus, the primary-side controller 40 may output the primary-side control signal V at the primary side of the transformer 10Gate PriThe third primary side gate driving winding Pri _ N3 of the bi-directional gate driving pulse transformer 30 is driven by the third primary side gate driving winding Pri _ N3 to operate the first primary side gate driving winding Pri _ N1 and the second primary side gate driving winding Pri _ N2, and the secondary side controller 50 can output a secondary side control signal V on the secondary side of the transformer 10Gate SecTo the secondary gate driving winding Sec _ N1, the primary gate driving winding Pri _ N1 and the secondary gate driving winding Pri _ N2 are driven by the secondary gate driving winding Sec _ N1, in other words, the primary controller 40 and the secondary controller 50 can both control whether the transformer 10 performs voltage conversion through the bi-directional gate driving pulse transformer 30, so that the second current sensor located at the primary side of the transformer 10 can transmit the current sampling signal VCS to the primary controller 40, and the primary controller 40 determines whether the transformer 10 is the primary side according to the current sampling signal VCSIf it is not necessary to stop the operation, the transformer 10 is controlled by the third primary-side gate driving winding Pri _ N3, when the primary-side controller 40 determines that the input current of the primary side of the transformer 10 is abnormal according to the current sampling signal VCS, the primary-side controller 40 can control the short circuit of the third primary-side gate driving winding Pri _ N3, and the secondary-side control signal V outputted by the secondary-side controller 50 is generated due to the short circuit of the third primary-side gate driving winding Pri _ N3Gate SecThat is, a voltage cannot be established to the secondary-side gate driving winding Sec _ N1 to drive the first primary-side gate driving winding Pri _ N1 and the second primary-side gate driving winding Pri _ N2 to operate and drive the transformer 10.
Compared with the prior art, the power supply device of the invention does not need to be provided with an isolated current sensor such as a current transformer, and transmits the current sampling signal VCS from the primary side of the transformer 10 to the secondary side controller 50 positioned on the secondary side so as to keep the electrical isolation between the primary side and the secondary side of the transformer, the sensing signal positioned on the primary side can be received and further processed by the primary side controller 40, and the sensing signal positioned on the secondary side can be received and processed by the secondary side controller 50, so that non-isolated devices can be adopted, the erection of an isolating device used for signal transmission between the primary side and the secondary side of the transformer 10 is omitted, and the device volume and the setting cost of the power supply device are further reduced due to the arrangement of the isolating device.
Referring to fig. 6, the following describes the practical operation process of the power supply apparatus in the power supply apparatus control method of the present invention, in which steps S101 to S103 are executed by the primary side controller 40, and step S104 is executed by the secondary side controller 50, the power supply apparatus includes:
s101: and starts upon receiving the power supply voltage Vccp.
S102: it is determined whether the input voltage value of the transformer 10 is greater than or equal to an operating voltage value and whether the start-up is the first start-up within a predetermined time.
S103: when the input voltage value of the transformer 10 is greater than or equal toEqual to the operating voltage value, and outputting the primary side control signal V when the starting is the first starting within the preset timeGate PriTo the bi-directional gate driving pulse transformer 30 to drive the transformer 10 to operate, wherein the primary side control signal VGate PriReceived by the third primary-side gate drive winding Pri _ N3 of the bi-directional gate drive pulse transformer 30.
S104: when it is determined that an output voltage value of the transformer 10 is greater than or equal to a predetermined output voltage value and a time period during which the output voltage value of the transformer 10 is greater than or equal to a predetermined output voltage value is longer than a stable power supply threshold time, outputting a control right switching signal VDSP_PGMake the primary side control signal VGate PriStopping outputting and outputting the secondary side control signal VGate SecThe bi-directional gate driving pulse transformer 30 drives the transformer 10 to operate.
Referring to fig. 7A and 7B, the steps S101 to S104 will be described in detail with reference to timing diagrams of the power supply device.
Corresponding to step S101, after an ac power is inputted into the power supply device through the power input port 1, the filter 11 and the first rectifier 12 sequentially filter and rectify the ac power and then output the first voltage VacThe first voltage V is further boosted by the voltage boosting circuit 13acBoosted to a second voltage VbulkOutputting when the buck converter 20 determines the first voltage VacOr the second voltage VbulkWhen the voltage is greater than or equal to a starting voltage value, the first buck converter 20 is started, and the first voltage V output by the first buck converter 20 to the first rectifier 12acOr the second voltage V output by the voltage boosting circuit 13bulkStep-down the voltage to generate the supply voltage Vccp. It should be noted that the starting voltage corresponds to the first voltage VacOr the second voltage VbulkThe voltage may be different values, wherein the starting voltage is an adjustable preset value stored in the buck converter 20, such as a resistor, a capacitor, and a voltage dropThe arrangement of the electronic devices such as the electrode, the inductor or the transformer is determined, which is the prior art in this field and will not be described herein.
For example, if corresponding to the first voltage VacThe starting voltage value of (1) is 65V, and the first voltage V is at the first time T1 in fig. 7A and 7BacTo 65V, the first buck converter 20 is driven by the first voltage VacStarting and applying the first voltage VacStep-down to generate the supply voltage VccpSupplying power to the primary controller 40 and the bidirectional gate driving pulse transformer 30; similarly, if corresponding to the second voltage VbulkThe starting voltage value of (1) is 100V, and the second voltage V is at the first time T1 in FIG. 7A and FIG. 7BbulkWhen the voltage reaches 100V, the first buck converter 20 is started by the second voltage Vbuilding, and the second voltage V is adjusted to the second voltage VbuildingbulkStep-down to generate the supply voltage VccpThe primary controller 40 and the bidirectional gate drive pulse transformer 30 are supplied with power.
Corresponding to step S102, the primary controller 40 is denoted by U1 in fig. 7A, and the primary controller 40 is connected to the power supply voltage VccpAfter the power supply is started at a second time T2, the primary controller 40 determines the first voltage V at the power input terminal of the transformer 10 after the startacOr the second voltage VbulkWhether the voltage is greater than or equal to an operation voltage value, and whether the primary controller 40 is activated for the first time within a predetermined time. It should be noted that the operating voltage corresponds to the first voltage Vac or the second voltage VbulkThe first time T1 to the second time T2 are the time for starting the inside of the primary controller 40, wherein the operating voltage value and the preset time are adjustable preset values stored in the primary controller 40, and can be adjusted according to different power supply requirements.
Corresponding to the step S103, the second time T2 to the third time T3 are the first voltage V applied by the primary controller 40acOr the second voltage VbulkSensing and executing the time of the first start judgment, and sensing the first voltage V by the primary controller 40acFor example, if the first voltage Vac reaches the operating voltage value and the primary controller 40 is activated for the first time within the predetermined time, the primary controller 40 continues to assert a primary activation signal AC initial at a third time T3 until the primary controller 40 is turned off, and simultaneously outputs the primary control signal V3Gate PriTo the third primary side gate drive winding Pri _ N3 of the bi-directional gate drive pulse transformer 30.
In addition, the initial start signal AC initial is stored in the primary controller 40, the primary controller 40 determines whether the current start of the primary controller 40 is the first start within the preset time according to the initial start signal AC initial, and can know whether the current start of the primary controller 40 is the first start within the preset time according to whether the time interval between the ending time of the last valid initial start signal AC initial and the current time is greater than or equal to the preset time. For example, taking the preset time as 1 minute as an example, if the time interval between the end time of the last valid initial start signal and the second time T2 is less than 1 minute, the primary controller 40 determines that the start is not the first start within the preset time, and if the time interval between the end time of the last valid initial start signal and the second time T2 is greater than or equal to 1 minute, the primary controller 40 determines that the start is the first start within the preset time.
The primary controller 40 outputs the primary control signal V at a third time T3Gate PriThe third primary-side gate driving winding Pri _ N3 of the bi-directional gate driving pulse transformer 30 is driven by the third primary-side gate driving winding Pri _ N3 to operate the first primary-side gate driving winding Pri _ N1 and the second primary-side gate driving winding Pri _ N2, and the first primary-side gate driving winding Pri _ N1 and the second primary-side gate driving winding Pri _ N2 drive the transformer 10 to transform the input power to generate the output voltage, which in this embodiment is the main output voltage V shown in fig. 112Thus, the main output voltage V of FIG. 7A12Starting from the third time T3, the primary controller 40 can control the transformer 10 to perform frequency reduction through the bidirectional gate driving pulse transformer 30, so that the main output voltage V12 output by the transformer 10 is slowly increased in a stable slope, thereby avoiding the occurrence of voltage shortage or voltage overshoot on the secondary side of the transformer 10.
Corresponding to step S104, at the fourth time T4, the secondary side controller 50 determines that the output voltage value of the transformer 10 has reached the predetermined output voltage value, and the time for the output voltage value of the transformer 10 to reach the predetermined output voltage value is longer than the stable power supply threshold time, so that the secondary side controller 50 outputs the control right switching signal V4 at the fourth time T4DSP_PGTo the primary side controller 40, the secondary side controller 50 outputs the control right switching signal VDSP_PGThen, the secondary controller 50 outputs the secondary control signal V at a fifth time T5 after a control right switching timeGate SecThe secondary-side gate driving winding Sec _ N1 of the bidirectional gate driving pulse transformer 30 is driven by the secondary-side gate driving winding Sec _ N1 to operate the first primary-side gate driving winding Pri _ N1 and the second primary-side gate driving winding Pri _ N2, and the first primary-side gate driving winding Pri _ N1 and the second primary-side gate driving winding Pri _ N2 drive the transformer 10 to transform the input power, so as to switch the control right of the transformer 10 from the primary-side controller 40 to the secondary-side controller 50, wherein the preset output voltage value, the stable power supply threshold time and the control right switching time are adjustable preset values stored in the secondary-side controller 50, and can be adjusted according to the power supply requirements.
Preferably, at the fourth time T4, when the primary controller 40 receives the control right switching signal VDSP_PGThe primary controller 40 stops outputting the primary control signal V to the bi-directional gate driving pulse transformer 30Gate PriTo prevent the dual-gate driving pulse transformer 10 from receiving the primary side control signal V at the same timeGate PriAnd the secondary side control signalNumber VGate SecWhen the control right of the transformer 10 is disturbed to cause a signal abnormality, the secondary controller 50 outputs the control right switching signal VDSP_PGThen the secondary side control signal V is output after the control right switching timeGate SecAnd the primary controller 40 can control the third primary-side gate driving winding Pri _ N3 to be turned off, and the primary controller 40 outputs the primary-side control signal V even though the primary-side gate driving winding Pri _ N3 is turned offGate PriIt is also impossible to establish a voltage to the third primary-side gate driving winding Pri _ N3 to drive the first primary-side gate driving winding Pri _ N1 and the second primary-side gate driving winding Pri _ N2 to operate and drive the transformer 10.
Meanwhile, the primary-side controller 40 does not output the primary-side control signal V due to the fourth time T4 to the fifth time T5Gate PriAnd the secondary side controller 50 does not output the secondary side control signal VGate SecThus the main output voltage V12To prevent the main output voltage V from being unstable between the fourth time T4 and the fifth time T512The secondary controller 50 can output the control right switching signal V to affect the electronic device connected to the rear end of the main power output port 2Gate SecWhen the voltage of the first circuit breaker 23 is not stabilized, the first circuit breaker 23 is further controlled to open the circuit to avoid the unstable main output voltage V12Output from the main power output port 2; similarly, the secondary controller 50 can also control the second circuit breaker 31 to open circuit to avoid the unstable secondary output voltage VsbAnd is outputted from the sub power output port 3.
After the control right switching time, the secondary controller 50 starts to output the secondary-side control signal V at a fifth time T5Gate SecAt this time, the secondary controller 50 controls the transformer 10 to start operating through the bi-directional gate driving pulse transformer 30, so that the primary output voltage V12Rises from fifth time T5. The main output voltage V is turned on to the sixth time T612Rising to the preset output voltage value, and the secondary sideThe controller 50 can further control the first circuit breaker 23 to conduct and re-output the stabilized main output voltage V from the main power output port 212(ii) a Similarly, the secondary controller 50 can also control the second circuit breaker 31 to conduct and output the stabilized secondary output voltage V from the secondary power output port 3sb. It should be noted that the time interval from the fourth time T4 to the sixth time T6 is very short, and does not affect the actual power supplying operation of the power supply apparatus.
From the sixth time T6, the control right of the transformer 10 is switched to the secondary side controller 50, and the primary side controller 40 continuously senses the first voltage V generated by the primary side of the transformer 10acAnd the second voltage VbulkWhether the power supply is normal or not is judged when the first voltage V isacWhen the power is supplied normally, the primary controller 40 can transmit the first voltage V to the secondary controller 50 via the first optical coupler 60acSupplying a first voltage signal ACOK when the second voltage V is normalbulkWhen the power supply is normal, the primary controller 40 can transmit the second voltage V to the secondary controller 50 via the first optical coupler 60bulkA second voltage signal BulkOK for supplying normal power, and when the secondary controller 50 determines that the power supply of the transformer 10 is stable, the secondary controller 50 may generate a secondary side power supply stable signal SecondaryOK, and after the secondary side power supply stable signal SecondaryOK is generated at a seventh time T7, the secondary side may control the output voltage timing of the main power output port 2 and the secondary power output port 3 by controlling the first circuit breaker 23 and the second circuit breaker 31, it should be noted that, in fig. 7B, the output voltage V of the main power output port 2 is output by the main power output port 212(12V) and the output voltage V of the auxiliary power output port 312(12V) timing diagram is shown in the output voltage V12(12V) and an output voltage V12(12V) presence or absence, not describing output voltage V12(12V) and an output voltage V12The voltage value of (12V) is high or low.
In summary, in the power supply apparatus of the present invention, the primary controller 40 is powered by the first buck converter 20, the secondary controller 50 is powered by the output power of the transformer 10, and both the primary controller 40 and the secondary controller 50 can control the transformer 10 through the bidirectional gate driving pulse transformer 30, compared with the prior art, since the isolated converter has a larger volume, higher power consumption and higher installation cost, the present invention does not need to additionally provide a flyback converter to respectively power the primary controller 40 and the secondary controller 50, which can avoid the power consumption caused by the additional voltage conversion of the flyback converter, increase the overall power conversion efficiency of the power supply apparatus, and reduce the size of the power supply apparatus; on the other hand, since the primary controller 40 can also control the operation of the transformer 10, the sensing signal of the primary side of the transformer 10 can be directly received by the primary controller 40 and the transformer 10 is controlled according to the sensing signal, when the sensing signal of the primary side indicates an abnormal voltage or current value of the primary side, it is not necessary to additionally transmit the sensing signal to the secondary controller 50 through an isolation device, so as to improve the instantaneity of processing the abnormal state and reduce the additional power consumption of transmitting the sensing signal from the primary side to the secondary side through the isolation device.
Although the present invention has been described with reference to a preferred embodiment, it should be understood that various changes, substitutions and alterations can be made herein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (12)
1. A power supply device, comprising:
the transformer is provided with a power input end and a power output end, the power input end is electrically connected with a power input port, the power output end is electrically connected with a main power output port, and the transformer performs voltage conversion on an input power supply of the power input port to generate an output voltage;
the first buck converter is electrically connected between the power input port and the power input end of the transformer and used for reducing the voltage of an input power supply of the power input port to generate a supply voltage;
a bi-directional gate drive pulse transformer electrically connected to the transformer and the first buck converter and powered by the supply voltage or the output voltage;
the primary side controller is electrically connected with the first buck converter and the bidirectional grid drive pulse transformer and is powered by the power supply voltage;
the secondary side controller is electrically connected with the power output end of the transformer and the bidirectional grid drive pulse transformer and is powered by the output voltage;
a first optical coupler electrically connected between the primary controller and the secondary controller for bidirectional signal transmission between the primary controller and the secondary controller;
the second optical coupler is electrically connected between the primary side controller and the secondary side controller and is used for transmitting unidirectional signals from the secondary side controller to the primary side controller;
the primary side controller outputs a primary side control signal to the bidirectional grid driving pulse transformer, the secondary side controller outputs a secondary side control signal to the bidirectional grid driving pulse transformer, and the bidirectional grid driving pulse transformer drives the transformer to operate according to the primary side control signal or the secondary side control signal.
2. The power supply device according to claim 1, further comprising:
the power input end of the filter is electrically connected with the power input port and filters the input power of the power input port;
the power input end of the first rectifier is electrically connected with the power output end of the filter, rectifies the output power of the filter and outputs a first voltage;
and the power input end of the booster circuit is electrically connected with the power output end of the first rectifier, and the power output end of the booster circuit is connected with the power input end of the transformer, boosts the first voltage and outputs a second voltage.
3. The power supply apparatus according to claim 2, wherein the first buck converter is electrically connected to a power output terminal of the first rectifier or a power output terminal of the boost circuit, and the first buck converter is configured to buck the first voltage output by the first rectifier or the second voltage output by the boost circuit to generate the supply voltage.
4. The power supply apparatus of claim 1, wherein the bi-directional gate drive pulse transformer comprises a first primary gate drive winding, a second primary gate drive winding, a third primary gate drive winding, and a secondary gate drive winding;
the primary side controller outputs the primary side control signal to a third primary side gate drive winding of the bidirectional gate drive pulse transformer, the third primary side gate drive winding drives the first primary side gate drive winding and the second primary side gate drive winding to operate, and the first primary side gate drive winding and the second primary side gate drive winding drive the transformer to perform voltage conversion;
the secondary side controller outputs the secondary side control signal to the secondary side gate drive winding of the bidirectional gate drive pulse transformer, the secondary side gate drive winding drives the first primary side gate drive winding and the second primary side gate drive winding to operate, and the first primary side gate drive winding and the second primary side gate drive winding drive the transformer to perform voltage conversion.
5. The power supply apparatus according to claim 1, wherein a second rectifier is disposed between the transformer and the primary and secondary power output ports, a power input terminal of the second rectifier is electrically connected to the power output terminal of the transformer, and a power output terminal of the second rectifier is electrically connected to the primary and secondary power output ports;
the second rectifier rectifies the output voltage, and outputs a main output voltage through the main power output port and an auxiliary output voltage through the auxiliary power output port respectively.
6. The power supply device according to claim 5, wherein a power output end of the second rectifier and the main power output port are further provided with:
the power supply input end of the first current sensor is electrically connected with the power supply output end of the second sensor;
the power supply input end of the first circuit breaker is electrically connected with the power supply output end of the first current sensor;
and the power supply input end of the first protection device is electrically connected with the power supply output end of the first circuit breaker, and the power supply output end of the first protection device is electrically connected with the main power supply output port.
7. The power supply device according to claim 5, wherein a power output terminal of the second rectifier and the secondary power output port are further provided with:
the power supply input end of the second circuit breaker is electrically connected with the power supply output end of the second rectifier;
and the power supply input end of the second protection device is electrically connected with the power supply output end of the second circuit breaker, and the power supply output end of the second protection device is electrically connected with the secondary power supply output port.
8. The power supply of claim 7, further comprising a second buck converter, wherein the power input of the second buck converter is electrically connected to the power output of the second rectifier, and the power output of the second buck converter is electrically connected to the power input of the second circuit breaker.
9. A method for controlling a power supply device is performed by a primary side controller and a secondary side controller, wherein the primary side controller performs the steps of:
receiving a supply voltage to start;
judging whether an input voltage value of a transformer is larger than or equal to an operation voltage value or not, and judging whether the starting is the first starting within a preset time or not;
when the input voltage value of the transformer is judged to be larger than or equal to the operation voltage value and the starting is the first starting within the preset time, outputting a primary side control signal to a bidirectional grid driving pulse transformer to drive the transformer to operate;
the secondary side controller performs steps comprising:
when the output voltage value of the transformer is judged to be larger than or equal to a preset output voltage value, and the time that the output voltage value of the transformer is judged to be larger than or equal to the preset output voltage value is longer than a stable power supply threshold time, a control right switching signal is output to stop outputting the primary side control signal, and a secondary side control signal is output to the bidirectional grid drive pulse transformer to drive the transformer to operate.
10. The power supply apparatus control method according to claim 9, wherein the primary controller determines whether the current start of the primary controller is the first start within the preset time by using a primary start signal, and determines whether the current start of the primary controller is the first start within the preset time by determining whether a time interval between an end time of the primary start signal which is valid last time and a current time is greater than or equal to the preset time.
11. The method as claimed in claim 9, wherein the primary controller outputs the primary control signal to a third primary gate driving winding of the bi-directional gate driving pulse transformer, the third primary gate driving winding drives a first primary gate driving winding and a second primary gate driving winding to operate, and the first primary gate driving winding and the second primary gate driving winding drive the transformer to perform a transformation operation;
the secondary side controller outputs the secondary side control signal to a secondary side grid electrode driving winding of the bidirectional grid electrode driving pulse transformer, the secondary side grid electrode driving winding drives the first primary side grid electrode driving winding and the second primary side grid electrode driving winding to operate, and the first primary side grid electrode driving winding and the second primary side grid electrode driving winding drive the transformer to perform voltage transformation operation.
12. The method as claimed in claim 9, wherein when the output voltage of the transformer is greater than or equal to a predetermined output voltage and the time period during which the output voltage of the transformer is greater than or equal to the predetermined output voltage is longer than a stable power supply threshold time, the secondary-side controller outputs the secondary-side control signal after a control right switching time.
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| CN202110171760.9A CN112994465B (en) | 2021-02-08 | Power supply device and control method thereof |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202110171760.9A CN112994465B (en) | 2021-02-08 | Power supply device and control method thereof |
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| CN112994465A true CN112994465A (en) | 2021-06-18 |
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