CN112994179A - Lithium iron phosphate battery management system applied to garden tool - Google Patents

Lithium iron phosphate battery management system applied to garden tool Download PDF

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Publication number
CN112994179A
CN112994179A CN202110410787.9A CN202110410787A CN112994179A CN 112994179 A CN112994179 A CN 112994179A CN 202110410787 A CN202110410787 A CN 202110410787A CN 112994179 A CN112994179 A CN 112994179A
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China
Prior art keywords
circuit
microcontroller
iron phosphate
lithium iron
management system
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CN202110410787.9A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
毛卫清
张毅
郑炜炜
沈海波
单东日
曲宝建
公维科
季仲
张伟
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Shanghai Wei'an Electronic Co ltd
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Shanghai Wei'an Electronic Co ltd
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Priority to CN202110410787.9A priority Critical patent/CN112994179A/en
Publication of CN112994179A publication Critical patent/CN112994179A/en
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/0013—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries acting upon several batteries simultaneously or sequentially
    • H02J7/0014—Circuits for equalisation of charge between batteries
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/4207—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells for several batteries or cells simultaneously or sequentially
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/425—Structural combination with electronic components, e.g. electronic circuits integrated to the outside of the casing
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J13/00—Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network
    • H02J13/00001—Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network characterised by the display of information or by user interaction, e.g. supervisory control and data acquisition systems [SCADA] or graphical user interfaces [GUI]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J13/00—Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network
    • H02J13/00006—Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network characterised by information or instructions transport means between the monitoring, controlling or managing units and monitored, controlled or operated power network element or electrical equipment
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J13/00—Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network
    • H02J13/00006—Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network characterised by information or instructions transport means between the monitoring, controlling or managing units and monitored, controlled or operated power network element or electrical equipment
    • H02J13/00016—Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network characterised by information or instructions transport means between the monitoring, controlling or managing units and monitored, controlled or operated power network element or electrical equipment using a wired telecommunication network or a data transmission bus
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J13/00—Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network
    • H02J13/00006—Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network characterised by information or instructions transport means between the monitoring, controlling or managing units and monitored, controlled or operated power network element or electrical equipment
    • H02J13/00022—Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network characterised by information or instructions transport means between the monitoring, controlling or managing units and monitored, controlled or operated power network element or electrical equipment using wireless data transmission
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/0029—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/0029—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits
    • H02J7/0031—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits using battery or load disconnect circuits
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/0047—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with monitoring or indicating devices or circuits
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/425—Structural combination with electronic components, e.g. electronic circuits integrated to the outside of the casing
    • H01M2010/4271—Battery management systems including electronic circuits, e.g. control of current or voltage to keep battery in healthy state, cell balancing
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02B90/20—Smart grids as enabling technology in buildings sector
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y04—INFORMATION OR COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES HAVING AN IMPACT ON OTHER TECHNOLOGY AREAS
    • Y04S—SYSTEMS INTEGRATING TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO POWER NETWORK OPERATION, COMMUNICATION OR INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR IMPROVING THE ELECTRICAL POWER GENERATION, TRANSMISSION, DISTRIBUTION, MANAGEMENT OR USAGE, i.e. SMART GRIDS
    • Y04S40/00—Systems for electrical power generation, transmission, distribution or end-user application management characterised by the use of communication or information technologies, or communication or information technology specific aspects supporting them
    • Y04S40/12—Systems for electrical power generation, transmission, distribution or end-user application management characterised by the use of communication or information technologies, or communication or information technology specific aspects supporting them characterised by data transport means between the monitoring, controlling or managing units and monitored, controlled or operated electrical equipment
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y04—INFORMATION OR COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES HAVING AN IMPACT ON OTHER TECHNOLOGY AREAS
    • Y04S—SYSTEMS INTEGRATING TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO POWER NETWORK OPERATION, COMMUNICATION OR INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR IMPROVING THE ELECTRICAL POWER GENERATION, TRANSMISSION, DISTRIBUTION, MANAGEMENT OR USAGE, i.e. SMART GRIDS
    • Y04S40/00—Systems for electrical power generation, transmission, distribution or end-user application management characterised by the use of communication or information technologies, or communication or information technology specific aspects supporting them
    • Y04S40/12—Systems for electrical power generation, transmission, distribution or end-user application management characterised by the use of communication or information technologies, or communication or information technology specific aspects supporting them characterised by data transport means between the monitoring, controlling or managing units and monitored, controlled or operated electrical equipment
    • Y04S40/124—Systems for electrical power generation, transmission, distribution or end-user application management characterised by the use of communication or information technologies, or communication or information technology specific aspects supporting them characterised by data transport means between the monitoring, controlling or managing units and monitored, controlled or operated electrical equipment using wired telecommunication networks or data transmission busses

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
  • Human Computer Interaction (AREA)
  • Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
  • Secondary Cells (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a lithium iron phosphate battery management system applied to a garden tool, which comprises a lithium iron phosphate battery PACK, a microcontroller and a PACK terminal, wherein the microcontroller is connected with external equipment through an interface circuit; the battery monitoring and equalizing circuit is electrically connected with the microcontroller through the charge-discharge interface control circuit and the current sampling circuit; a microcontroller circuit is used for controlling a circuit in a closed loop mode by adopting an external activation signal; the microcontroller circuit and the battery monitoring and equalizing circuit simultaneously realize the control of the charging and discharging interface control circuit and the current sampling circuit. The invention realizes double safety protection of the battery pack and modularization of system design.

Description

Lithium iron phosphate battery management system applied to garden tool
Technical Field
The invention relates to a lithium iron phosphate battery management system applied to a garden tool, belongs to the field of battery safety protection, and is used in the garden tool by adopting 12 strings of lithium iron phosphate batteries and the lithium iron phosphate battery management system for the first time.
Background
Garden tools are divided into three categories, namely an engine (gasoline engine), commercial power and battery power, the engine (gasoline engine) is stopped in various countries due to environmental protection problems, commercial power garden tools are reduced year by year due to safety factors and portability, and the battery power is more and more popular due to convenience and environmental protection. However, as power batteries and assembled batteries are continuously used in daily life, batteries with low cost and high safety and battery management systems are urgently needed in the market.
The ternary lithium battery and the lithium manganate battery used in the current market are not stable during high-rate discharge, can rapidly heat up and have high risk, and the capacity of the battery is generally 10AH to 20AH and is large. The power supply voltage is 36V, 48V, 56V and 72V, and the battery needs to discharge at a high rate and simultaneously needs higher safety.
Particularly, under the high-temperature condition, the ternary material is decomposed at 200 ℃, so that a violent chemical reaction is generated, oxygen atoms are released, and the phenomenon of combustion or explosion is easily generated under the high-temperature action, so that the use of the ternary lithium battery is temporarily limited outside the pure electric passenger car based on the safety consideration.
From the published literature, and from chip suppliers, the most widely used is the use of integrated chip analog front-ends as the core of battery management systems, such as: chinese patent CN 205985247U discloses an intelligent lithium battery management system for an electric bicycle, which adopts a battery management system of an analog front end of an ML5235 chip; CN 2061171930 discloses a power lithium battery management system, which adopts a battery management system of a control IC; CN 2053043390 discloses an intelligent lithium battery management system device based on BQ7694003 analog front end, wherein a lithium battery pack is connected with an MCU through 1 lithium battery analog front end chip BQ 7694003; and CN109031151A a low-cost battery string detection device, which has a simple structure compared with other devices, and uses the ad converter in the control CPU, and does not need to use an analog-digital front-end chip, so that the cost is low, and all the cell voltages can be detected at the same time, so the detection speed is high.
The adoption of the analog front end for battery management and detection has many security holes and potential safety hazards. When the analog front end is abnormal, the software may not be able to judge the fault; or, the microcontroller is abnormal, which also causes the accident of the battery, causing the equipment to be stopped due to the fault, or causing the misoperation of the analog front end, and the control of the front end is out of control.
The simulation front end fails or the microcontroller fails to cause accidents, the simulation front end fails, the microcontroller sends fault information, the microcontroller fails, the system cannot be normally controlled, overcharge, overdischarge and overcurrent occur, and safety cannot be guaranteed.
How to avoid the harm of outside battery charging outfit to the battery, avoid the access of unmatched equipment, cause the accident on fire of group battery, also need battery management system to protect.
Therefore, in the design of the battery management system, under the condition that each part of circuits fail due to malfunction, the battery management system needs to be designed more safely and reliably by considering the safety problem.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to: the lithium iron phosphate battery management system applied to the garden tool is provided, and the safety and reliability of the battery management system are improved through optimized design.
The purpose of the invention is realized by the following scheme: a lithium iron phosphate battery management system applied to garden tools comprises a lithium iron phosphate battery PACK, a microcontroller, a PACK + terminal and a PACK-terminal, wherein the microcontroller is connected with external equipment through an interface circuit,
the lithium iron phosphate battery pack is electrically connected with the microcontroller circuit through the battery monitoring and equalizing circuit or the secondary protection circuit, the charging and discharging interface control circuit and the current sampling circuit, the power supply circuit and the FUSE circuit, wherein the secondary protection circuit is electrically connected with the microcontroller through the FUSE circuit, the charging and discharging interface control circuit and the current sampling circuit respectively; the battery monitoring and equalizing circuit is electrically connected with the microcontroller through the charge-discharge interface control circuit and the current sampling circuit; the microcontroller circuit and the battery monitoring and equalizing circuit simultaneously realize the control of the charging and discharging interface control circuit and the current sampling circuit;
the interface circuit is a UART and RS485 circuit, and the microcontroller circuit is connected with external equipment of the system through the UART and RS485 circuits; the power supply circuit adopts an external activation signal in a communication mode of combining UART and RS485, and activates the closed-loop control circuit of the microcontroller circuit and controls the power supply circuit at the same time;
the PACK + terminal is led out by the FUSE circuit, and the PACK-terminal is led out by the charge-discharge interface control circuit and the current sampling circuit.
The invention provides a lithium iron phosphate battery management system applied to garden tools, which is a first protection system for protecting voltage, current and temperature, and a second protection system, which is composed of a secondary protection circuit, an FUSE circuit, a power supply circuit and a microcontroller circuit, and is composed of a battery monitoring and equalizing circuit, a microcontroller circuit, a charging and discharging interface control circuit, a current sampling circuit and a power supply circuit, so that double safety protection of a battery pack is realized. When the battery monitoring and equalizing circuit samples voltage, current and temperature signals of the battery Pack and fails, the secondary protection circuit, the FUSE circuit and the microcontroller circuit form a second protection system, the secondary protection circuit and the microcontroller circuit drive the FUSE circuit when the voltage, current and temperature protection fails, the FUSE circuit is actively fused to disconnect a charging and discharging loop, and at the moment, Pack + and Pack-cannot be input and output. The safety of the battery management system is further improved.
On the basis of the scheme, the microcontroller circuit is also electrically connected with at least one circuit of a display circuit, an information storage circuit, a watchdog circuit, a real-time clock, a USB output circuit, a charging and discharging identification circuit and a temperature monitoring circuit, the power supply circuit supplies power to the display circuit, the UART and RS485 circuit, the information storage circuit, the watchdog circuit, the real-time clock, the USB output circuit, the charging and discharging identification circuit and/or the temperature monitoring circuit through the microcontroller circuit, and the storage of battery information is realized through the electrical connection between the microcontroller circuit and the information storage circuit; the microcontroller circuit is electrically connected with the display circuit to realize the display of the SOC of the battery; the microcontroller circuit is electrically connected with the watchdog circuit, so that the microcontroller circuit is ensured to be in a normal working state, when the program in the microcontroller is abnormal, the watchdog circuit starts to act, and the reset microcontroller restarts to work; the microcontroller circuit is electrically connected with the USB output circuit to realize that the USB charges the external equipment; the microcontroller circuit is electrically connected with the charge and discharge identification circuit, and the microcontroller circuit is awakened when an interface is used, and simultaneously, the charge and discharge state is identified; and the microcontroller circuit is electrically connected with the temperature monitoring circuit to realize the detection of the charging and discharging temperature of the battery.
Furthermore, the communication circuit combined by UART and RS485 is connected with external equipment to send the relevant information of the battery to the external equipment needing power supply, and meanwhile, the display circuit and the information storage circuit connected with the microcontroller circuit are used for reading and writing the relevant information of the battery, and the function of battery dormancy can also be activated through communication.
The principle of the invention is as follows: the battery monitoring and equalizing circuit samples voltage, current and temperature signals of the battery pack, outputs charging and discharging control signals according to a protection value, outputs the signals to the microcontroller, the charging and discharging interface control circuit and the current sampling circuit, the microcontroller circuit counts the voltage, current and temperature signals, calculates the voltage, current and SOC and judges temperature faults, carries out safety protection through the charging and discharging interface control circuit and the current sampling circuit, meanwhile, realizes that a charger or other equipment obtains battery information through the communication circuit through the UART and RS485 combined communication circuit, carries out safety work, and sends related information to client peripheral equipment, wherein the related information mainly comprises total battery pressure, minimum temperature, maximum temperature, MOSFET temperature, single maximum voltage, single minimum voltage, residual capacity, charging and discharging fault information, charging and discharging cycle times, Battery serial number and software version.
The battery pack of the invention can also adopt a battery stack consisting of ternary batteries.
On the basis of the scheme, the lithium iron phosphate battery pack is 12 strings of lithium iron phosphate battery packs, and the capacity of the 12 strings of lithium iron phosphate battery packs can be 5-25AH so as to flexibly build the circuit combined battery.
The microcontroller circuit comprises an MCU circuit, a voltage stabilizing circuit and an ESD surge protection circuit.
On the basis of the scheme, the battery monitoring and equalizing circuit uses a battery sampling chip (AFE) and an equalizing function circuit is involved in the battery monitoring and equalizing circuit. The battery monitoring and balancing circuit can adjust parameters such as monitoring voltage, balancing current and temperature according to market demands, and can correspondingly adjust delay time and recovery time. The device consists of a battery voltage acquisition circuit, an equalization circuit and a surge protection circuit.
Further, the battery monitoring and equalization circuit is combined with a 12-string lithium iron phosphate battery pack and a microcontroller circuit.
On the basis of the scheme, the power supply circuit adopts a 9-100V wide voltage input high-voltage step-down circuit.
Preferably, the power supply circuit comprises an input 9-75V high-voltage step-down circuit, a micro-power consumption 5V power supply circuit and an isolation 5V power supply circuit.
Preferably, the input 9-75V high-voltage step-down circuit realizes the output of a 5V power supply through an MIC28515 chip.
The micro-power consumption 5V power supply circuit performs first-stage pressure reduction through the MOSFET and the voltage stabilizing diode, a diode is connected in series to be connected to a three-terminal voltage stabilizing chip, and the three-terminal voltage stabilizing chip outputs 3.3V.
The isolation 5V power supply circuit is realized by a B0505 power supply isolation module.
On the basis of the scheme, the secondary protection circuit comprises a voltage acquisition circuit and a fault trigger circuit of each battery, the circuit monitors the voltage of the battery through three secondary protection chips S8244 in a one-stage, two-stage and three-stage connection mode, and the fusing of a FUSE (FUSE) is controlled through a CO end output signal; or, the purpose of secondary protection is achieved by controlling FUSE blowing through the MCU CON signal.
On the basis of the scheme, the communication circuit combined by the UART and the RS485 is connected with external equipment to send the relevant information of the battery to external equipment needing power supply, and meanwhile, the display circuit and the information storage circuit connected with the microcontroller circuit read and write the relevant information of the battery, and the function of battery dormancy can be activated through communication.
Furthermore, the microcontroller circuit and the communication circuit combined by the UART and the RS485 realize that the charger or other equipment can acquire battery information through the communication circuit to perform safety work.
The watchdog circuit comprises a watchdog special circuit, a power supply circuit and an anti-surge circuit.
On the basis of the scheme, the microcontroller circuit is electrically connected with the charge and discharge identification circuit and the watchdog circuit in a combined mode, the microcontroller circuit is awakened, and meanwhile the charge and discharge state is identified.
The real-time clock comprises a real-time clock circuit, a power supply circuit and an anti-surge circuit.
The display circuit comprises a display driving circuit, a power supply circuit and an anti-surge circuit.
On the basis of the scheme, the combination of the microcontroller circuit, the lithium iron phosphate battery pack, the FUSE circuit and the secondary protection circuit realizes the protection of charging, discharging, temperature and current of the battery pack under the condition that the battery monitoring and equalizing circuit fails.
The information storage circuit comprises an EEPROM or Flash circuit.
On the basis of the scheme, the charging and discharging interface control circuit and the current sampling circuit comprise a current sampling circuit, a discharging control circuit, a charging control circuit and a driving circuit, wherein the left side of a main loop of the current sampling circuit is connected to a lithium iron phosphate battery Pack and a secondary protection circuit, and is simultaneously connected to a battery monitoring and equalizing circuit and a microcontroller circuit through signal lines, the right side of the main loop of the current sampling circuit is connected with the discharging control circuit and the charging control circuit, the charging control circuit is connected with a Pack-terminal through the main loop, the signal lines are connected to the driving circuit, the discharging control circuit is connected to the driving circuit through the signal lines, the driving circuit is connected to the battery monitoring and equalizing circuit and the microcontroller circuit through the signal lines, the current sampling circuit is responsible for sampling of charging and discharging current, the discharging control circuit is responsible for protection control during discharging, and the charging control circuit is responsible for protection control, the driving circuit is responsible for driving and controlling the discharging control circuit and the charging control circuit.
On the basis of the scheme, the USB output circuit comprises a DCDC voltage reduction circuit, a USB identification circuit and a current limiting circuit. The USB output circuit realizes USB output through a TPS2511 or CX2889 chip, realizes ESD protection through inductive filtering and then is connected with a WE05-4RVLC chip in parallel, and then is connected with a terminal to output externally. The USB output circuit has the functions of identification and current limiting, the type of the charging equipment is automatically identified, the on-resistance is low, the short-circuit protection current can be externally set, the external short circuit and overcurrent conditions are prevented, and meanwhile, the over-temperature protection function and the turn-off automatic release function can prevent reverse current transmission.
In order to realize the dual protection of software and hardware, the invention is provided with a system main program and a self-checking monitoring program, and the flow is as follows: initializing the system, after the initialization is finished, judging yes or no between the program start and the timer interruption, and if not, repeatedly judging;
if yes, starting circulation and judging occurrence time, detecting whether an overflow condition exists or not, and judging repeatedly; if so, AFE detection, current detection, voltage detection, temperature detection, MOS tube control, SOC estimation, LED drive, communication transceiving control and sleep control are sequentially carried out, and after the sleep control, whether overflow detection is carried out or not is returned and the cyclic detection is carried out.
The invention also has a self-checking monitoring program, which comprises the following steps from self-checking: crystal oscillator precision detection, interruption detection, PC register detection, Flash detection, RAM detection, communication detection and ADC input detection, and if no precision deviation exists, self-detection is completed.
Compared with the prior art, the dual-protection circuit has the advantages that a first protection system for protecting voltage, current and temperature is formed by the battery monitoring and equalizing circuit, the microcontroller circuit, the charging and discharging interface control circuit, the current sampling circuit and the power supply circuit, and a second protection system is formed by the secondary protection circuit, the FUSE circuit, the power supply circuit and the microcontroller circuit. The method mainly comprises the steps of realizing a monitoring program in software, monitoring whether a main program runs abnormally, monitoring a core register bit, verifying whether MCLK oscillates according to a specified frequency, percent frequency drift, checking memory damage in a nonvolatile memory, checking a CRC value of the checked memory, checking a DC fault of a RAM (using a march C algorithm), checking abnormal detection communication reliability of an external EEPROM, checking and checking ADC reference voltage. The scheme meets the safety protection requirements of the battery on the performance such as voltage, current, temperature and the like, and simultaneously realizes hardware dual-system protection and software dual-system protection.
The invention really realizes the double safety protection of the battery pack, adopts the modular design, can conveniently carry out combined design according to the actual requirements of customers, saves the cost, and is convenient for operators to assemble so as to maintain and replace.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, the following is further illustrated by the accompanying drawings.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a logic block diagram of a lithium iron phosphate battery management system applied to a garden tool according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 shows a high-voltage step-down circuit with 9-75V input;
FIG. 3 is an isolated 5V power circuit implemented by a B0505 module (19);
FIG. 4 is a micro-power consumption 5V power supply circuit;
FIG. 5 is a secondary protection circuit;
FIG. 6 shows a USB output circuit;
FIG. 7 shows a charge/discharge interface control circuit and a current sampling circuit;
FIG. 8 is a main program flow;
FIG. 9 is a monitoring program flow;
description of the figures
1-12 series lithium iron phosphate battery packs;
2-battery monitoring and equalization circuit;
3-secondary protection circuit;
4-a microcontroller circuit;
5-charge and discharge interface control circuit and current sampling circuit;
6-supply circuit;
7-FUSE circuit;
8-display circuitry;
9-UART and RS485 circuit;
10-information storage circuitry;
11-watchdog circuit;
12-real time clock;
13-USB output circuit;
14-charge and discharge identification circuit;
15-temperature monitoring circuit;
16-Pack + terminal;
17-Pack-terminal;
18-MIC 28515 chip;
19-module B0505;
20-three terminal voltage regulation chip;
21. 22, 23-secondary protection chips S8244 one, two, three;
24. 25-FUSE one, two
26-CX 2889 chip;
27-WE 05-4RVLC chip;
28-current sampling circuit;
29-discharge control circuit;
30-charge control circuit;
31-drive Circuit.
Detailed Description
For the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention is provided in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, and it should be noted that the described embodiments are only intended to facilitate the understanding of the present invention, and do not limit the present invention in any way. All other embodiments obtained by a person skilled in the art without making any inventive step are within the scope of protection of the present invention.
The invention relates to a lithium iron phosphate battery management system applied to garden tools, as shown in figure 1, which is a logic block diagram schematic diagram of the lithium iron phosphate battery management system applied to garden tools, and comprises a battery Pack 1 internally provided with 12 strings of lithium iron phosphate batteries, a battery monitoring and equalizing circuit 2, a secondary protection circuit 3, a microcontroller circuit 4, a charging and discharging interface control circuit and current sampling circuit 5, a power supply circuit 6, a FUSE circuit 7, a display circuit 8, a UART and RS485 circuit 9, an information storage circuit 10, a watchdog circuit 11, a real-time clock 12, a USB output circuit 13, a charging and discharging identification circuit 14, a temperature monitoring circuit 15, a Pack + terminal 16 and a Pack-terminal 17; as shown in fig. 1: the invention adopts a modular design, and the connection mode among modules is as follows:
the battery monitoring and equalizing circuit 2 is connected with the 12-string lithium iron phosphate battery pack 1 through a collection line;
the secondary protection circuit 3 is connected with the 12-string lithium iron phosphate battery pack 1 through a collection line;
the 12-string lithium iron phosphate battery Pack is connected with a Pack + 16 terminal through an FUSE circuit 7;
the power supply circuit 6 is connected with a 12-string lithium iron phosphate battery pack through a connecting wire, and the battery monitoring and equalizing circuit 2 is connected with a charge-discharge interface control circuit and a current sampling circuit 5; the microcontroller circuit 4 is connected with the charge-discharge interface control circuit and the current sampling circuit 5; the microcontroller circuit 4 is connected with the power supply circuit 7; the microcontroller circuit 4 is connected with the FUSE circuit 7; the realization is as follows:
the 12-string lithium iron phosphate battery pack 1 is electrically connected with the microcontroller circuit 4 through the battery monitoring and equalizing circuit 2, the secondary protection circuit 3, the charge-discharge interface control circuit and current sampling circuit 5, the power supply circuit 6 and the FUSE circuit 7,
a battery pack 1 of 12 strings of lithium iron phosphate, which is respectively connected with a battery monitoring and equalizing circuit 2, a secondary protection circuit 3, a charging and discharging interface control circuit and current sampling circuit 5, a power supply circuit 6 and a FUSE circuit 7, and is electrically connected with a microcontroller circuit 4,
the battery monitoring and equalizing circuit 2 is electrically connected with the microcontroller 4 through the charging and discharging interface control circuit and the current sampling circuit 5 to form a protection circuit, and the microcontroller circuit 4 and the battery monitoring and equalizing circuit 2 simultaneously realize the control of the charging and discharging interface control circuit and the current sampling circuit 5;
the secondary protection circuit 3 is electrically connected with the microcontroller 4 through the FUSE circuit 7, the charge-discharge interface control circuit and the current sampling circuit 5 to form another protection circuit;
the interface circuit is a UART and RS485 circuit 9, the microcontroller circuit 4 is connected with system external equipment through the UART and RS485 circuit 9, the power supply circuit 6 adopts an external activation signal of a communication mode of UART and RS485 combination, and the closed-loop control circuit of the microcontroller circuit 4 is activated to control the power supply circuit at the same time;
the PACK + terminal 16 is led out by the FUSE circuit 7, and the PACK-terminal 17 is led out by the charge-discharge interface control circuit and the current sampling circuit 5.
As shown in fig. 1, the microcontroller circuit 4 according to this embodiment is further electrically connected to the display circuit 8, the information storage circuit 10, the watchdog circuit 11, the real-time clock 12, the USB output circuit 13, the charge/discharge identification circuit 14, and the temperature monitoring circuit 15, respectively, the power supply circuit 6 supplies power to the display circuit 8, the UART and RS485 circuit 9, the information storage circuit 10, the watchdog circuit 11, the real-time clock 12, the USB output circuit 13, the charge/discharge identification circuit 14, and the temperature monitoring circuit 15 through the microcontroller circuit 4, and realizes storage of battery information through electrical connection between the microcontroller circuit 4 and the information storage circuit 10; the microcontroller circuit 4 is electrically connected with the display circuit 8 to realize the display of the SOC of the battery; the microcontroller circuit 4 is electrically connected with the watchdog circuit 11, so that the microcontroller circuit 4 is ensured to be in a normal working state; the microcontroller circuit 4 is electrically connected with the USB output circuit 13 to realize that the USB charges the external equipment; the microcontroller circuit 4 is electrically connected with the charge and discharge identification circuit 14, and the microcontroller circuit 4 is awakened during interface and simultaneously identifies the charge and discharge state; and the microcontroller circuit 4 is electrically connected with the temperature monitoring circuit 15, so that the charging and discharging temperature of the battery is detected.
The capacity of the 12-string lithium iron phosphate battery pack 1 is 5-25AH, so that the circuit assembled battery can be flexibly built.
The battery monitoring and equalizing circuit 2 uses a battery sampling chip AFE, in which an equalizing function circuit is involved. The battery monitoring and equalizing circuit 2 is combined with a 12-string lithium iron phosphate battery pack 1 and a microcontroller circuit 4.
In this embodiment, the power supply circuit 6 adopts a 9-75V wide voltage input high voltage step-down circuit, which includes an input 9-75V high voltage step-down circuit, a micro-power consumption 5V power circuit, and an isolation 5V power circuit, wherein,
as shown in fig. 2, the input 9-75V high-voltage step-down circuit realizes the output of a 5V power supply through an MIC28515 chip 18, and realizes the output of the 5V power supply through the MIC28515 chip 18; the MIC28515 is a synchronous buck regulator with adjustable frequency, and has a unique self-adaptive on-time control architecture. The MIC28515 can operate over a range of 4.5V to 75V input voltage and provides a stable output current of up to 5A. The output voltage can be adjusted down to 0.6V and the precision of +/-1% is ensured.
Fig. 3 is a circuit for isolating a 5V power supply, which is implemented by a B0505 power isolation module 19.
Fig. 4 is a micro-power consumption 5V power supply circuit, which performs first-stage voltage reduction through a MOSFET and a zener diode, and is connected in series with a diode to a three-terminal regulator chip 20, and the three-terminal regulator chip 20 outputs 3.3V.
The secondary protection circuit, as shown in fig. 5, includes a voltage acquisition circuit for each battery, and a fault trigger circuit; the circuit monitors the voltage of the battery by cascading three secondary protection chips S8244I, II, III 21, 22 and 23, controls the fusing of FUSE I, II 24 and 25 by CO end output signals to achieve the purpose of secondary protection, and can realize the fusing control of FUSE I, II 24 and II 25 by MCU CON signals.
FIG. 6 is a USB output circuit, which realizes USB output through TPS2511 or CX2889 chip 26, the circuit has functions of identifying and current limiting, and can automatically identify the type of charging equipment, the on-resistance is low, the short-circuit protection current can be externally set, so as to prevent the occurrence of external short circuit and overcurrent, and simultaneously, the circuit has functions of over-temperature protection, automatic release of turn-off, and can prevent reverse current transmission, the circuit is connected with an inductor to the right for filtering, and then connected with WE05-4RVLC chip (27) for realizing ESD protection, and the reconnection terminal outputs to the outside.
As shown in fig. 7, which is a charge-discharge interface control circuit and a current sampling circuit, the charging-discharge interface control circuit and the current sampling circuit include a charge control circuit 30, a discharge control circuit 29, a current sampling circuit 28, and a driving circuit 31, the current sampling circuit 28 is connected to the 12-string lithium iron phosphate battery Pack 1 and the secondary protection circuit 3 on the left side, and is connected to the battery monitoring and equalizing circuit 2 and the microcontroller circuit 4 through a signal line, the current sampling circuit 28 is connected to the discharge control circuit 29 and the charge control circuit 30 on the right side, the charge control circuit 30 is connected to the Pack-terminal 17 through a main circuit, the signal line is connected to the driving current 31, the discharge control circuit 29 is connected to the driving current 31 through a signal line, the driving current 31 is connected to the battery monitoring and equalizing circuit 2 and the microcontroller circuit 4 through a signal line, the current sampling circuit 28 is mainly responsible for sampling the charge-discharge current, the discharge control, the charge control circuit 30 is mainly responsible for protection control during charging, and the drive current 31 is mainly responsible for drive control of the discharge control circuit 29 and the charge control circuit 30.
The present embodiment also employs dual soft program control, including a main program and a monitoring program.
As shown in fig. 8, the main program flow is sequentially as follows: initializing the system, after the initialization is finished, judging yes or no between the program start and the timer interruption, and if not, repeatedly judging; if so, the mobile terminal can be started,
starting circulation and judging occurrence time, detecting whether overflow occurs or not, if not, repeatedly judging, and if the overflow occurs, starting sequential detection, AFE detection, current detection, voltage detection, temperature detection, MOS tube control, SOC estimation, LED driving, communication transceiving control and sleep control. And after the sleep control, the overflow detection is returned and circulated.
The invention is also provided with a self-checking monitoring program, and the sequence is as follows from self-checking: crystal oscillator precision detection, interruption detection, PC register detection, Flash detection, RAM detection, communication detection and ADC input detection, and if no precision deviation exists, self-detection is completed.
The working principle of the embodiment is that a battery monitoring and equalizing circuit 2 samples voltage, current and temperature signals of a battery pack, outputs charging and discharging control signals according to a protection value, outputs the charging and discharging control signals to a microcontroller circuit 4, a charging and discharging interface control circuit and a current sampling circuit 5, the microcontroller circuit 4 counts the voltage, the current signals and the temperature signals, calculates the voltage, the current and SOC and judges temperature faults, carries out safety protection through the charging and discharging interface control circuit and the current sampling circuit 5, and sends related information to the outside of a client through a UART and RS485 circuit 9, wherein the information mainly comprises information such as battery total pressure, lowest temperature, highest temperature, MOSFET temperature, highest voltage of a single section, lowest voltage of the single section, residual capacity, charging and discharging fault information, charging and discharging cycle times, serial number of the battery pack, software version and the like. When the battery monitoring and equalizing circuit 2 samples voltage, voltage and temperature signals of the battery Pack and a fault occurs, the secondary protection circuit 3, the FUSE circuit 7 and the microcontroller circuit 4 form a second protection system, the secondary protection circuit 3 and the microcontroller circuit 4 drive the FUSE circuit 7 when the voltage, the current and the temperature faults occur, the FUSE circuit 7 is actively fused to disconnect a charging and discharging loop, and at the moment, the Pack + terminal 16 and the Pack-terminal 17 cannot be input and output. When the program in the microcontroller is abnormal, the watchdog circuit 11 starts to act, and the reset microcontroller restarts to work.
Through the specific embodiment, the combined mode of the 12-string lithium iron phosphate battery pack 1, the battery monitoring and equalizing circuit 2, the secondary protection circuit 3, the microcontroller circuit 4, the charging and discharging interface control circuit and the current sampling circuit 5 effectively improves the safety of a lithium iron phosphate battery management system of a garden tool, and meets the overvoltage, undervoltage, overcurrent and short-circuit protection functions of the 12-string lithium iron phosphate battery pack; the performance of secondary protection is realized when the system fails; the software is internally designed to realize two sets of software, one is normally operated, the other is used for tracking measurement, and meanwhile, the external watchdog circuit 11 and the real-time clock 12 ensure that the system is restarted when the system is abnormal under emergency conditions; the charging and discharging identification circuit 14 can prevent the charger from being used disorderly, and ensure that no safety accident is caused when the charger which is not matched with the equipment is inserted. The charging and discharging identification circuit 14 can prevent non-matching equipment from being inserted for use, and is connected with the outside through the UART and the RS485 communication circuit 9 to display the voltage, the temperature, the current, the cycle frequency, the fault information, the electric quantity information, the health state of the battery and the serial number of the battery in real time. The charging and discharging identification circuit 14 and the UART and RS485 communication circuit 9 are realized by sharing two interfaces through TXD (ID) and RXD (ID), and connector interfaces are saved.
The invention adopts hardware dual-system protection and software dual-system protection, really realizes dual safety protection of the battery pack, adopts a modular mode for system design, can conveniently carry out combined design according to the actual requirements of customers, and saves cost.
The utility model provides an use lithium iron phosphate battery management system at garden instrument adopts the modularized design, makes things convenient for workman's equipment to the maintenance is changed. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims (20)

1. A lithium iron phosphate battery management system applied to garden tools comprises a lithium iron phosphate battery PACK, a microcontroller, a PACK + terminal (16) and a PACK-terminal (17), wherein the microcontroller is connected with external equipment through an interface circuit,
the lithium iron phosphate battery pack (1) is electrically connected with the microcontroller circuit (4) through the battery monitoring and equalizing circuit (2), the secondary protection circuit (3), the charging and discharging interface control circuit, the current sampling circuit (5), the power supply circuit (6) and the FUSE circuit (7), wherein the secondary protection circuit (3) is electrically connected with the microcontroller (4) through the FUSE circuit (7), the charging and discharging interface control circuit and the current sampling circuit (5) respectively; the battery monitoring and equalizing circuit (2) is electrically connected with the microcontroller (4) through the charging and discharging interface control circuit and the current sampling circuit (5); the microcontroller circuit (4) and the battery monitoring and equalizing circuit (2) simultaneously realize the control of the charging and discharging interface control circuit and the current sampling circuit (5);
the interface circuit is a UART and RS485 circuit (9), the microcontroller circuit (4) is connected with system external equipment through the UART and RS485 circuit (9), the power supply circuit (6) adopts an external activation signal of a communication mode of UART and RS485 combination, and the microcontroller circuit closed-loop control circuit is activated to control the power supply circuit at the same time;
the PACK + terminal (16) is led out from the FUSE circuit (7), and the PACK-terminal (17) is led out from the charging and discharging interface control circuit and the current sampling circuit (5).
2. The lithium iron phosphate battery management system applied to garden tools as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that the microcontroller circuit (4) is also electrically connected with at least one of the display circuit (8), the information storage circuit (10), the watchdog circuit (11), the real-time clock (12), the USB output circuit (13), the charging and discharging identification circuit (14) and the temperature monitoring circuit (15), the power supply circuit (6) supplies power to the display circuit (8), the UART and RS485 circuit (9), the information storage circuit (10), the watchdog circuit (11), the real-time clock (12), the USB output circuit (13), the charging and discharging identification circuit (14) and the temperature monitoring circuit (15) through the microcontroller circuit (4), the storage of battery information is realized through the electrical connection between the microcontroller circuit (4) and the information storage circuit (10); the microcontroller circuit (4) is electrically connected with the display circuit (8) to realize the display of the SOC of the battery; the microcontroller circuit (4) is electrically connected with the watchdog circuit (11) to ensure that the microcontroller circuit (4) is in a normal working state; the microcontroller circuit (4) is electrically connected with the USB output circuit (13) to realize that the USB charges the external equipment; the microcontroller circuit is electrically connected with the charge and discharge identification circuit, and the microcontroller circuit is awakened when an interface is used, and simultaneously, the charge and discharge state is identified; and the microcontroller circuit (4) is electrically connected with the temperature monitoring circuit (15) to realize the detection of the charging and discharging temperature of the battery.
3. The lithium iron phosphate battery management system applied to the garden tool as claimed in claim 1, wherein the lithium iron phosphate battery pack (1) is a 12-string lithium iron phosphate battery pack, and the capacity of the 12-string lithium iron phosphate battery pack is 5-25AH, so as to flexibly build a circuit combined battery.
4. The lithium iron phosphate battery management system for garden tools as recited in claim 1 or 3, characterized in that the battery monitoring and equalization circuit (2) uses a battery sampling chip (AFE) with equalization function circuit.
5. The lithium iron phosphate battery management system for garden tools as defined in claim 4, wherein the battery monitoring and equalization circuit (2) is combined with a 12-string lithium iron phosphate battery pack and a microcontroller circuit (4).
6. The lithium iron phosphate battery management system applied to the garden tools as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein the power supply circuit (6) adopts a 9-75V wide voltage input high voltage step-down circuit.
7. The lithium iron phosphate battery management system applied to the garden tools as claimed in claim 6, wherein the power supply circuit (6) comprises an input 9-75V high-voltage step-down circuit, a micro-power consumption 5V power supply circuit and an isolation 5V power supply circuit.
8. The lithium iron phosphate battery management system applied to the garden tools as claimed in claim 7, wherein the input 9-75V high voltage step-down circuit realizes the output of a 5V power supply through an MIC28515 chip (18).
9. The lithium iron phosphate battery management system applied to the garden tools as claimed in claim 7, wherein the micro power consumption 5V power circuit performs a first stage voltage reduction through a MOSFET and a Zener diode, a diode is connected in series to a three-terminal Zener chip (20), and the three-terminal Zener chip (20) outputs 3.3V.
10. The lithium iron phosphate battery management system applied to garden tools as claimed in claim 7, wherein the 5V power supply circuit is isolated by a B0505 power supply isolation module (19).
11. The lithium iron phosphate battery management system applied to the garden tools as claimed in claim 1, wherein the secondary protection circuit (3) comprises a voltage acquisition circuit and a fault trigger circuit for each battery, the circuit monitors the voltage of the battery through three secondary protection chips S8244, i.e. one, two, three (21), (22) and (23) in cascade connection, and the FUSE fusing is controlled through a CO end output signal; or, the purpose of secondary protection is achieved by controlling FUSE blowing through the MCU CON signal.
12. The lithium iron phosphate battery management system applied to the garden tool as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein the communication circuit combining UART and RS485 is used for connecting with external equipment, sending the relevant information of the battery to the external equipment needing power supply, and meanwhile, the display circuit and the information storage circuit connected with the microcontroller circuit (4) are used for reading and writing the relevant information of the battery, so that the function of battery dormancy is activated through communication.
13. The lithium iron phosphate battery management system applied to the garden tool according to claim 12, wherein the microcontroller circuit and the communication circuit combining the UART and the RS485 enable a charger or other equipment to obtain battery information through the communication circuit to perform safety work.
14. The lithium iron phosphate battery management system applied to garden tools as claimed in claim 2, wherein the microcontroller circuit (4) and the charging and discharging identification circuit and watchdog circuit (11) are electrically connected in combination to wake up the microcontroller circuit (4) and identify the charging and discharging status at the same time.
15. The lithium iron phosphate battery management system applied to garden tools as recited in claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the combination of the microcontroller circuit (4), the lithium iron phosphate battery pack (1), the FUSE circuit (7) and the secondary protection circuit (3) is used to protect the battery pack from charge, discharge, temperature and current in case of failure of the battery monitoring and equalization circuit (2).
16. The lithium iron phosphate battery management system applied to the garden tool as claimed in claim 2, wherein the information storage circuit (10) comprises an EEPROM or Flash circuit.
17. The lithium iron phosphate battery management system applied to the garden tool as claimed in claim 1, wherein the charge-discharge interface control circuit and the current sampling circuit (5) comprise a current sampling circuit (28), a discharge control circuit (29), a charge control circuit (30) and a driving circuit (31), the current sampling circuit (28) is connected to the lithium iron phosphate battery Pack (1) and the secondary protection circuit (3) on the left side of the main loop and is connected to the battery monitoring and equalizing circuit (2) and the microcontroller circuit (4) through signal lines, the current sampling circuit (28) is connected to the discharge control circuit (29) and the charge control circuit (30) on the right side of the main loop, the charge control circuit (30) is connected to the Pack-terminal (17) through the main loop, the signal lines are connected to the driving circuit (31), and the discharge control circuit (29) is connected to the driving circuit (31) through the signal lines, the driving circuit (31) is connected to the battery monitoring and equalizing circuit (2) and the microcontroller circuit (4) through signal lines, the current sampling circuit (28) is responsible for sampling of charging and discharging currents, the discharging control circuit (29) is responsible for protection control during discharging, the charging control circuit (30) is responsible for protection control during charging, and the driving circuit (31) is responsible for driving and controlling the discharging control circuit (29) and the charging control circuit (30).
18. The lithium iron phosphate battery management system applied to the garden tools as claimed in claim 2, wherein the USB output circuit (13) implements USB output through a TPS2511 or CX2889 chip (26), implements ESD protection through inductive filtering and then connects with a WE05-4RVLC chip (27), and then connects with a terminal to output externally. The USB output circuit (13) has the functions of identification and current limiting, the type of the charging equipment is automatically identified, the on-resistance is low, the short-circuit protection current can be externally set, the external short-circuit and overcurrent conditions are prevented, and meanwhile, the over-temperature protection function, the turn-off automatic release function and the reverse current transmission can be prevented.
19. The lithium iron phosphate battery management system applied to the garden tool according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that a main program and a self-checking monitoring program are provided, and the main program flow is as follows: initializing the system, after the initialization is finished, judging yes or no between the program start and the timer interruption, and if not, repeatedly judging;
if yes, starting circulation and judging occurrence time, detecting whether an overflow condition exists or not, and judging repeatedly; if so, AFE detection, current detection, voltage detection, temperature detection, MOS tube control, SOC estimation, LED drive, communication transceiving control and sleep control are sequentially carried out, and after the sleep control, whether overflow detection is carried out or not is returned and the cyclic detection is carried out.
20. The lithium iron phosphate battery management system applied to garden tools according to claim 19, wherein the system has a self-test monitoring program, and starting from the self-test, the following sequence is performed: crystal oscillator precision detection, interruption detection, PC register detection, Flash detection, RAM detection, communication detection and ADC input detection, and if no precision deviation exists, self-detection is completed.
CN202110410787.9A 2021-04-16 2021-04-16 Lithium iron phosphate battery management system applied to garden tool Pending CN112994179A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202110410787.9A CN112994179A (en) 2021-04-16 2021-04-16 Lithium iron phosphate battery management system applied to garden tool

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202110410787.9A CN112994179A (en) 2021-04-16 2021-04-16 Lithium iron phosphate battery management system applied to garden tool

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CN112994179A true CN112994179A (en) 2021-06-18

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN114035026A (en) * 2021-11-05 2022-02-11 银芯微(无锡)科技有限公司 Micro control unit chip for battery management system and chip abnormity detection method
CN115291120A (en) * 2022-08-22 2022-11-04 维沃移动通信有限公司 Battery metering system, electronic equipment and control method

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN114035026A (en) * 2021-11-05 2022-02-11 银芯微(无锡)科技有限公司 Micro control unit chip for battery management system and chip abnormity detection method
CN114035026B (en) * 2021-11-05 2023-08-18 银芯微(无锡)科技有限公司 Micro control unit chip for battery management system and chip abnormality detection method
CN115291120A (en) * 2022-08-22 2022-11-04 维沃移动通信有限公司 Battery metering system, electronic equipment and control method
WO2024041427A1 (en) * 2022-08-22 2024-02-29 维沃移动通信有限公司 Battery metering system, electronic device and control method

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