CN112994059A - 站网互动型光储充智慧充电站控制架构及控制方法 - Google Patents

站网互动型光储充智慧充电站控制架构及控制方法 Download PDF

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CN112994059A
CN112994059A CN202110199825.0A CN202110199825A CN112994059A CN 112994059 A CN112994059 A CN 112994059A CN 202110199825 A CN202110199825 A CN 202110199825A CN 112994059 A CN112994059 A CN 112994059A
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charging
station
network
control
bidirectional
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凌在汛
崔一铂
陶骞
刘曼佳
金晨
向慕超
成诚
熊平
康逸群
刘翼平
李震宇
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Hubei Fangyuan Dongli Electric Power Science Research Co ltd
Electric Power Research Institute of State Grid Hubei Electric Power Co Ltd
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Hubei Fangyuan Dongli Electric Power Science Research Co ltd
Electric Power Research Institute of State Grid Hubei Electric Power Co Ltd
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
    • H02J3/28—Arrangements for balancing of the load in a network by storage of energy
    • H02J3/32—Arrangements for balancing of the load in a network by storage of energy using batteries with converting means
    • H02J3/322—Arrangements for balancing of the load in a network by storage of energy using batteries with converting means the battery being on-board an electric or hybrid vehicle, e.g. vehicle to grid arrangements [V2G], power aggregation, use of the battery for network load balancing, coordinated or cooperative battery charging
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/60—Monitoring or controlling charging stations
    • B60L53/63—Monitoring or controlling charging stations in response to network capacity
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L55/00—Arrangements for supplying energy stored within a vehicle to a power network, i.e. vehicle-to-grid [V2G] arrangements
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J13/00—Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network
    • H02J13/00006—Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network characterised by information or instructions transport means between the monitoring, controlling or managing units and monitored, controlled or operated power network element or electrical equipment
    • H02J13/00016—Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network characterised by information or instructions transport means between the monitoring, controlling or managing units and monitored, controlled or operated power network element or electrical equipment using a wired telecommunication network or a data transmission bus
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
    • H02J3/38—Arrangements for parallely feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
    • H02J3/381—Dispersed generators
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J2300/00—Systems for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by decentralized, dispersed, or local generation
    • H02J2300/20—The dispersed energy generation being of renewable origin
    • H02J2300/22—The renewable source being solar energy
    • H02J2300/24—The renewable source being solar energy of photovoltaic origin
    • H02J2300/26—The renewable source being solar energy of photovoltaic origin involving maximum power point tracking control for photovoltaic sources
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E70/00—Other energy conversion or management systems reducing GHG emissions
    • Y02E70/30—Systems combining energy storage with energy generation of non-fossil origin
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/7072—Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
    • Y02T90/12—Electric charging stations
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
    • Y02T90/16—Information or communication technologies improving the operation of electric vehicles
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
    • Y02T90/16—Information or communication technologies improving the operation of electric vehicles
    • Y02T90/167—Systems integrating technologies related to power network operation and communication or information technologies for supporting the interoperability of electric or hybrid vehicles, i.e. smartgrids as interface for battery charging of electric vehicles [EV] or hybrid vehicles [HEV]
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y04—INFORMATION OR COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES HAVING AN IMPACT ON OTHER TECHNOLOGY AREAS
    • Y04S—SYSTEMS INTEGRATING TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO POWER NETWORK OPERATION, COMMUNICATION OR INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR IMPROVING THE ELECTRICAL POWER GENERATION, TRANSMISSION, DISTRIBUTION, MANAGEMENT OR USAGE, i.e. SMART GRIDS
    • Y04S10/00—Systems supporting electrical power generation, transmission or distribution
    • Y04S10/12—Monitoring or controlling equipment for energy generation units, e.g. distributed energy generation [DER] or load-side generation
    • Y04S10/126—Monitoring or controlling equipment for energy generation units, e.g. distributed energy generation [DER] or load-side generation the energy generation units being or involving electric vehicles [EV] or hybrid vehicles [HEV], i.e. power aggregation of EV or HEV, vehicle to grid arrangements [V2G]
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y04—INFORMATION OR COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES HAVING AN IMPACT ON OTHER TECHNOLOGY AREAS
    • Y04S—SYSTEMS INTEGRATING TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO POWER NETWORK OPERATION, COMMUNICATION OR INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR IMPROVING THE ELECTRICAL POWER GENERATION, TRANSMISSION, DISTRIBUTION, MANAGEMENT OR USAGE, i.e. SMART GRIDS
    • Y04S30/00—Systems supporting specific end-user applications in the sector of transportation
    • Y04S30/10—Systems supporting the interoperability of electric or hybrid vehicles
    • Y04S30/12—Remote or cooperative charging
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y04—INFORMATION OR COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES HAVING AN IMPACT ON OTHER TECHNOLOGY AREAS
    • Y04S—SYSTEMS INTEGRATING TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO POWER NETWORK OPERATION, COMMUNICATION OR INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR IMPROVING THE ELECTRICAL POWER GENERATION, TRANSMISSION, DISTRIBUTION, MANAGEMENT OR USAGE, i.e. SMART GRIDS
    • Y04S30/00—Systems supporting specific end-user applications in the sector of transportation
    • Y04S30/10—Systems supporting the interoperability of electric or hybrid vehicles
    • Y04S30/14—Details associated with the interoperability, e.g. vehicle recognition, authentication, identification or billing

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)

Abstract

本发明提供了一种站网互动型光储充智慧充电站控制架构及控制方法，该控制架构自上而下分为调度层、站控层、设备层三层架构；调度层包括电动汽车车联网云平台、充电站集群管控云平台、配网调度管理云平台；站控层包括站控服务器、边缘服务器、串口服务器、交换机及网络；设备层包括储能单元、高压计量柜三相仪表、充电柜监控单元、投切控制器、双向AC/DC模块、国网计费单元、车载BMS以及CAN总线网络。本发明所提出的充电站采用新的控制架构和实施方案实现了“车‑网‑云”信息的融合与交互，能够有效解决未来数据驱动型充电站面临的诸多问题，从而高效地平衡快充站的负荷峰谷差，起到“削峰填谷”的作用，实现快充站的经济稳定运行。

Description

站网互动型光储充智慧充电站控制架构及控制方法
技术领域
本发明涉及新能源光伏储能充电站技术领域，具体涉及一种站网互动型光储充智慧充电站控制架构及控制方法。
背景技术
目前电动汽车充电站系统结构单一，主要采用通过配电网供电形式。站内通常设有多台直流充电机，因单台直流充电机的功率较大，单次充电时间较短，这一特点导致充电站在晚间电网负荷低谷时期的利用率较低，而在日间电网负荷高峰时期，若有大量电动车同时需要快速充电时，大功率的充电需求将对电网带来短时的负荷冲击。随着数据驱动型充电站的大规模实施，这一问题势必会影响电网的稳定运行，甚至可能威胁电力系统安全，因此有必要对电动汽车充电站现有的系统架构和实施方案进行改善。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种站网互动型光储充智慧充电站控制架构及控制方法，主要从充电站控制架构拓扑图、充电站控制策略实施方案、充电站能量流动三个方面进行阐述，与现有充电站系统架构相比，本文所提出的站网互动型光储充智慧充电站控制架构及控制方法能高效地适应未来数据驱动型充电站的运营模式，降低负荷峰谷差，起到“削峰填谷”的作用。
本发明所采用的技术方案是：
一种站网互动型光储充智慧充电站控制架构，所述充电站控制架构自上而下分为调度层、站控层、设备层三层架构；调度层包括电动汽车车联网云平台、充电站集群管控云平台、配网调度管理云平台，负责将各个充电站及车联网、配网管理中心联接起来，实现站-网、车-网互动、站-站互动；站控层包括站控服务器、边缘服务器、串口服务器、交换机及网络，负责设备层与调度层之间的信息交互和指令下发；设备层包括储能单元、高压计量柜三相仪表、充电柜监控单元、投切控制器、双向AC/DC模块、国网计费单元、车载BMS以及CAN总线网络，主要完成“光伏发电、储能、电动汽车充电”各单元的充放电控制。
进一步的，所述站控层的站控服务器为充电站的本地控制中心，一个充电站配备一个站控服务器；站控服务器通过串口服务器读取充电站站级总线CAN网络的数据，与设备层各充电柜、充电枪、储能单元、光伏发电组件进行信息交互；站控服务器通过串口服务器读取高压计量柜三相仪表的数据，得到10kV高压配网的信息；各充电站之间以及各充电站的站控服务器通过广域网进行信息交互。
进一步的，所述双向AC/DC模块用于实现充电站对电动汽车的充放电、对储能电池的充放电、对光伏发电的放电、对10kV配网的充放电；充电柜监控单元用于对投切控制器进行控制，投切控制器用于根据充电柜监控单元的指令建立国网计费单元与双向AC/DC模块、光伏发电组件与双向AC/DC模块、储能单元与双向AC/DC模块的电路链接；
所述充电柜监控单元用于通过充电桩总线CAN网络读取从国网计费单元采集的电动汽车充电信息，通过充电堆总线CAN网络控制双向AC/DC模块给电动汽车进行充放电控制；
所述充电柜监控单元还用于通过充电站站级总线CAN网络读取储能单元BMS信息，通过充电堆总线CAN网络控制双向AC/DC模块给储能单元的锂电池组进行充放电控制；
所述充电柜监控单元还用于通过充电堆总线CAN网络控制双向AC/DC模块给光伏发电组件进行放电控制。
进一步的，10kV配网交流电通过变压器降压后，双向AC/DC模块用于将交流电转化成直流电，还用于将直流电转化成交流电通过变压器反馈回10kV配网，实现电能的整流和逆变的双向流动。
一种站网互动型光储充智慧电站的控制方法，采用上述控制架构进行，所述方法具体包括：
①电动汽车充放电控制：
充电柜监控单元根据电动汽车充电需求信息，控制双向AC/DC模块和投切开关矩阵对电动汽车按需充电；
边缘服务器通过站级通信网络与充电柜监控单元通信，获取电动汽车充电功率需求信息、低压交流侧信息、直流侧信息；然后边缘服务器计算出电动汽车的充放电功率及方向数据，通过站级通信网络下达指令给充电柜监控单元；最后充电柜监控单元根据指令，控制双向AC/DC模块和投切开关矩阵按照指令对电动汽车进行充放电；
②投切控制
投切控制器为充电柜监控单元的I/O扩展板，投切控制器与充电柜监控单元通信，接收充电柜监控单元指令，控制接触器投切开关矩阵；
③光伏发电的控制
光伏发电组件的MPPT控制由双向AC/DC模块完成，双向AC/DC模块集成MPPT算法，可工作在MPPT模式；
边缘服务器通过站级通信网络与充电柜监控单元通信，获得光伏发电数据以及下发控制光伏发电启停指令；
④储能单元的控制
边缘服务器通过站级通信网络与储能单元的BMS通信，获取储能单元的SOC及单片电池信息；边缘服务器运算得出储能单元的充放电功率信息后，通过站级通信网络与充电柜监控单元通信，下达充放电功率及方向指令；充电柜监控单元通过控制双向AC/DC模块与投切控制器对锂电储能单元进行充放电控制。
本发明的有益效果：
(1)本发明提供了一种站网互动型光储充智慧充电站控制架构及控制方法，并从充电站控制架构拓扑结构、控制策略实施方案、能量流动分析三个方面进行详细阐述，与传统的单一充电站系统架构相比，本发明所提供的站网互动型光储充智慧充电站控制架构及控制方法采用多层、多重、多类型的通讯网络和多目标优化算法，能够有效地解决未来数据驱动型充电站面临的诸多问题，平衡快充站的负荷峰谷差，维持电网运行状态的稳定性，提高系统运行效率。
(2)本发明所提供的站网互动型光储充智慧充电站控制架构的设备层利用充电柜监控单元和投切控制器实现光储充各单元的协调控制，可以实现能量的自由分配。
附图说明
图1是本发明站网互动型光储充智慧充电站控制架构结构示意图；
图2是本发明站网互动型光储充智慧充电站控制策略实施图；
图3是本发明站网互动型光储充智慧充电站能量流图。
具体实施方式
为使本发明实施例的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚，下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例是本发明的一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动的前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。
请参阅图1，本发明站网互动型光储充智慧充电站控制架构及控制方法实施例提供了一种光储充电站控制架构，自上而下由调度层、站控层、设备层三层架构组成，调度层包括电动汽车车联网云平台、充电站集群管控云平台、配网调度管理云平台，负责将各个充电站及车联网、配网管理中心联接起来，实现站-网、车-网互动、站-站互动；站控层包括站控服务器、边缘服务器、串口服务器、交换机及网络，负责设备层与调度层之间的信息交互和指令下发；设备层包括储能单元、高压计量柜三相仪表、充电柜监控单元、投切控制器、双向AC/DC模块、国网计费单元、车载BMS以及CAN总线网络，主要完成“光伏发电、储能、电动汽车充电”各单元的充放电控制。
其中，所述站控层的站控服务器为充电站的本地控制中心，一个充电站配备一个站控服务器；站控服务器通过串口服务器读取充电站站级总线CAN网络的数据，与设备层各充电柜、充电枪、储能单元、光伏发电组件进行信息交互；站控服务器通过串口服务器读取高压计量柜三相仪表的数据，得到10kV高压配网的信息；各充电站之间以及各充电站的站控服务器通过广域网进行信息交互。
所述双向AC/DC模块用于实现充电站对电动汽车的充放电、对储能电池的充放电、对光伏发电的放电、对10kV配网的充放电；充电柜监控单元用于对投切控制器进行控制，投切控制器用于根据充电柜监控单元的指令建立国网计费单元与双向AC/DC模块、光伏发电组件与双向AC/DC模块、储能单元与双向AC/DC模块的电路链接；
所述充电柜监控单元用于通过充电桩总线CAN网络读取从国网计费单元采集的电动汽车充电信息，通过充电堆总线CAN网络控制双向AC/DC模块给电动汽车进行充放电控制；
所述充电柜监控单元还用于通过充电站站级总线CAN网络读取储能单元BMS信息，通过充电堆总线CAN网络控制双向AC/DC模块给储能单元的锂电池组进行充放电控制；
所述充电柜监控单元还用于通过充电堆总线CAN网络控制双向AC/DC模块给光伏发电组件进行放电控制。
10kV配网交流电通过变压器降压后，双向AC/DC模块用于将交流电转化成直流电，还用于将直流电转化成交流电通过变压器反馈回10kV配网，实现电能的整流和逆变的双向流动。
其中站控层和设备层之间的信息交互和控制过程具体说明如下：
站控层边缘服务器通过交换机、串口服务器与在充电站站级总线CAN1上的充电柜监控单元通信，获取国网计费单元充电桩的电动汽车充电需求信息、光伏发电组件接口处的电压电流信息、储能锂电池单元的电压电流信息、双向AC/DC的输入输出电压电流信息，边缘服务器通过运算得出电动汽车充放电功率及方向信息、储能单元充放电功率及方向信息、对10kW配网的电网充放电功率及方向信息，然后通过充电站站级现场总线CAN1给充电柜监控单元下发控制指令。
站控层边缘服务器同时通过交换机、串口服务器读取高压计量柜的仪表获取配网的参数信息。
如图2所示，本发明实施例还提供了一种站网互动型光储充智慧电站的控制方法，主要包括电动汽车充放电控制、投切控制、光伏发电组件控制、储能单元控制，具体控制过程如下：
①电动汽车充放电控制：
充电柜监控单元根据电动汽车充电需求信息，控制双向AC/DC和投切开关矩阵对电动汽车按需充电。
边缘服务器通过站级通信网络CAN1与充电柜监控单元通信，获取电动汽车充电功率需求信息、低压交流侧信息、直流侧信息；然后边缘服务器计算出电动汽车的充放电功率及方向数据，通过CAN1下达指令给充电柜监控单元；最后充电柜监控单元根据指令，控制双向AC/DC和投切开关矩阵按照指令对电动汽车进行充放电。
②投切控制
投切控制器为充电柜监控单元的I/O扩展板，投切控制器与充电柜监控单元通信，接收充电柜监控单元指令，控制接触器投切开关矩阵。充电堆柔性控制策略在充电柜监控单元里实现。
③光伏发电的控制
光伏发电组件的MPPT控制由双向AC/DC完成，双向AC/DC集成MPPT算法，可工作在MPPT模式。
边缘服务器通过站级通信网络CAN1与充电柜监控单元通信，获得光伏发电数据以及下发控制光伏发电启停指令。
④储能单元的控制
边缘服务器通过站级通信网络CAN1与储能单元的BMS通信，获取储能单元的SOC及单片电池信息；边缘服务器运算得出储能单元的充放电功率信息后，通过站级通信网络CAN1与充电柜监控单元通信，下达充放电功率及方向指令；充电柜监控单元通过控制双向AC/DC与投切控制器对锂电储能单元进行充放电控制。
如图3所示，本发明站网互动型光储充智慧充电站实施例对充电站中的能量流进行了分析，其中带双向箭头的实线表示能量是可以双向流动的，带单向箭头的实线表示能量的流动具有唯一性，光伏发电组件工作在MPPT模式，Ppv由天气因素决定；各充电枪电动汽车充电需求信息Pev1...Pev10由实时采集得到；通过光伏发电利用率最大、电网负荷波动最小、电动汽车充电过程中负荷峰谷差最小、电网的可靠性最大等多目标优化算法，同时结合约束条件，计算得出Pbat。
以上所述，仅为本发明的具体实施方式，但本发明的保护范围并不局限于此，任何属于本技术领域的技术人员在本发明揭露的技术范围内，可轻易想到的变化或替换，都应涵盖在本发明的保护范围之内。因此，本发明的保护范围应该以权利要求的保护范围为准。

Claims (5)

1.一种站网互动型光储充智慧充电站控制架构，其特征在于：所述充电站控制架构自上而下分为调度层、站控层、设备层三层架构；调度层包括电动汽车车联网云平台、充电站集群管控云平台、配网调度管理云平台，负责将各个充电站及车联网、配网管理中心联接起来，实现站-网、车-网互动、站-站互动；站控层包括站控服务器、边缘服务器、串口服务器、交换机及网络，负责设备层与调度层之间的信息交互和指令下发；设备层包括储能单元、高压计量柜三相仪表、充电柜监控单元、投切控制器、双向AC/DC模块、国网计费单元、车载BMS以及CAN总线网络，主要完成“光伏发电、储能、电动汽车充电”各单元的充放电控制。
2.如权利要求1所述的站网互动型光储充智慧充电站控制架构，其特征在于：所述站控层的站控服务器为充电站的本地控制中心，一个充电站配备一个站控服务器；站控服务器通过串口服务器读取充电站站级总线CAN网络的数据，与设备层各充电柜、充电枪、储能单元、光伏发电组件进行信息交互；站控服务器通过串口服务器读取高压计量柜三相仪表的数据，得到10kV高压配网的信息；各充电站之间以及各充电站的站控服务器通过广域网进行信息交互。
3.如权利要求1所述的站网互动型光储充智慧充电站控制架构，其特征在于：
所述双向AC/DC模块用于实现充电站对电动汽车的充放电、对储能电池的充放电、对光伏发电的放电、对10kV配网的充放电；充电柜监控单元用于对投切控制器进行控制，投切控制器用于根据充电柜监控单元的指令建立国网计费单元与双向AC/DC模块、光伏发电组件与双向AC/DC模块、储能单元与双向AC/DC模块的电路链接；
所述充电柜监控单元用于通过充电桩总线CAN网络读取从国网计费单元采集的电动汽车充电信息，通过充电堆总线CAN网络控制双向AC/DC模块给电动汽车进行充放电控制；
所述充电柜监控单元还用于通过充电站站级总线CAN网络读取储能单元BMS信息，通过充电堆总线CAN网络控制双向AC/DC模块给储能单元的锂电池组进行充放电控制；
所述充电柜监控单元还用于通过充电堆总线CAN网络控制双向AC/DC模块给光伏发电组件进行放电控制。
4.如权利要求1所述的站网互动型光储充智慧充电站控制架构，其特征在于：10kV配网交流电通过变压器降压后，双向AC/DC模块用于将交流电转化成直流电，还用于将直流电转化成交流电通过变压器反馈回10kV配网，实现电能的整流和逆变的双向流动。
5.一种站网互动型光储充智慧电站的控制方法，其特征在于，采用权利要求1-4中任一项所述控制架构进行，所述方法具体包括：
①电动汽车充放电控制：
充电柜监控单元根据电动汽车充电需求信息，控制双向AC/DC模块和投切开关矩阵对电动汽车按需充电；
边缘服务器通过站级通信网络与充电柜监控单元通信，获取电动汽车充电功率需求信息、低压交流侧信息、直流侧信息；然后边缘服务器计算出电动汽车的充放电功率及方向数据，通过站级通信网络下达指令给充电柜监控单元；最后充电柜监控单元根据指令，控制双向AC/DC模块和投切开关矩阵按照指令对电动汽车进行充放电；
②投切控制
投切控制器为充电柜监控单元的I/O扩展板，投切控制器与充电柜监控单元通信，接收充电柜监控单元指令，控制接触器投切开关矩阵；
③光伏发电的控制
光伏发电组件的MPPT控制由双向AC/DC模块完成，双向AC/DC模块集成MPPT算法，可工作在MPPT模式；
边缘服务器通过站级通信网络与充电柜监控单元通信，获得光伏发电数据以及下发控制光伏发电启停指令；
④储能单元的控制
边缘服务器通过站级通信网络与储能单元的BMS通信，获取储能单元的SOC及单片电池信息；边缘服务器运算得出储能单元的充放电功率信息后，通过站级通信网络与充电柜监控单元通信，下达充放电功率及方向指令；充电柜监控单元通过控制双向AC/DC模块与投切控制器对锂电储能单元进行充放电控制。
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