CN112993128B - Display device - Google Patents

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Publication number
CN112993128B
CN112993128B CN202110235759.8A CN202110235759A CN112993128B CN 112993128 B CN112993128 B CN 112993128B CN 202110235759 A CN202110235759 A CN 202110235759A CN 112993128 B CN112993128 B CN 112993128B
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China
Prior art keywords
optical structure
light
display
emitting element
layer
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CN202110235759.8A
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CN112993128A (en
Inventor
林圣凯
刘仲展
蔡正晔
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AU Optronics Corp
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AU Optronics Corp
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Priority claimed from TW109145444A external-priority patent/TWI765486B/en
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L27/00—Devices consisting of a plurality of semiconductor or other solid-state components formed in or on a common substrate
    • H01L27/02—Devices consisting of a plurality of semiconductor or other solid-state components formed in or on a common substrate including semiconductor components specially adapted for rectifying, oscillating, amplifying or switching and having potential barriers; including integrated passive circuit elements having potential barriers
    • H01L27/12—Devices consisting of a plurality of semiconductor or other solid-state components formed in or on a common substrate including semiconductor components specially adapted for rectifying, oscillating, amplifying or switching and having potential barriers; including integrated passive circuit elements having potential barriers the substrate being other than a semiconductor body, e.g. an insulating body
    • H01L27/1214—Devices consisting of a plurality of semiconductor or other solid-state components formed in or on a common substrate including semiconductor components specially adapted for rectifying, oscillating, amplifying or switching and having potential barriers; including integrated passive circuit elements having potential barriers the substrate being other than a semiconductor body, e.g. an insulating body comprising a plurality of TFTs formed on a non-semiconducting substrate, e.g. driving circuits for AMLCDs
    • H01L27/1218—Devices consisting of a plurality of semiconductor or other solid-state components formed in or on a common substrate including semiconductor components specially adapted for rectifying, oscillating, amplifying or switching and having potential barriers; including integrated passive circuit elements having potential barriers the substrate being other than a semiconductor body, e.g. an insulating body comprising a plurality of TFTs formed on a non-semiconducting substrate, e.g. driving circuits for AMLCDs with a particular composition or structure of the substrate
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L27/00—Devices consisting of a plurality of semiconductor or other solid-state components formed in or on a common substrate
    • H01L27/15—Devices consisting of a plurality of semiconductor or other solid-state components formed in or on a common substrate including semiconductor components having potential barriers, specially adapted for light emission
    • H01L27/153—Devices consisting of a plurality of semiconductor or other solid-state components formed in or on a common substrate including semiconductor components having potential barriers, specially adapted for light emission in a repetitive configuration, e.g. LED bars
    • H01L27/156—Devices consisting of a plurality of semiconductor or other solid-state components formed in or on a common substrate including semiconductor components having potential barriers, specially adapted for light emission in a repetitive configuration, e.g. LED bars two-dimensional arrays
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L33/00—Semiconductor devices having potential barriers specially adapted for light emission; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
    • H01L33/48—Semiconductor devices having potential barriers specially adapted for light emission; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof characterised by the semiconductor body packages
    • H01L33/483—Containers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L33/00—Semiconductor devices having potential barriers specially adapted for light emission; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
    • H01L33/48—Semiconductor devices having potential barriers specially adapted for light emission; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof characterised by the semiconductor body packages
    • H01L33/58—Optical field-shaping elements

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Condensed Matter Physics & Semiconductors (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electroluminescent Light Sources (AREA)

Abstract

The invention provides a display. The display comprises an array substrate, an optical structure and a light-emitting element. The array substrate comprises a substrate and a driving element, and the driving element is arranged on the substrate. The optical structure is embedded in the array substrate, and the optical structure and the array substrate form a first accommodating space. The light-emitting element is arranged in the first accommodating space and is electrically connected with the driving element, wherein the light-emitting surface of the light-emitting element faces the optical structure. A display including a second accommodation space extending from the top surface of the array substrate to the top surface of the base is also provided.

Description

Display device
Technical Field
The present disclosure relates to electronic devices, and particularly to a display.
Background
In general, in a display, many factors directly affect the reliability and display quality, such as the alignment accuracy of the light emitting device and the brightness difference between different viewing angles, so how to design a display with better reliability and display quality has become a challenge for researchers in the field.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention is directed to a display with better reliability and display quality.
The invention relates to a display, which comprises an array substrate, an optical structure and a light-emitting element. The array substrate comprises a substrate and a driving element, and the driving element is arranged on the substrate. The optical structure is embedded in the array substrate, and the optical structure and the array substrate form a first accommodating space. The light-emitting element is arranged in the first accommodating space and is electrically connected with the driving element, wherein the light-emitting surface of the light-emitting element faces the optical structure.
The invention relates to a display, which comprises an array substrate, an optical structure and a light-emitting element. The array substrate comprises a substrate and a driving element, wherein the driving element is arranged on the substrate. The optical structure is embedded in the array substrate, and the optical structure and the array substrate form a first accommodating space. The optical structure is provided with a first refraction layer and a second refraction layer, the shapes of the first refraction layer and the second refraction layer are complementary and are matched in a concave-convex mode, and the refractive index of the first refraction layer is different from that of the second refraction layer. The light-emitting element is arranged in the first accommodating space and is electrically connected with the driving element, wherein the light-emitting surface of the light-emitting element faces the optical structure.
The invention discloses a display, which comprises an array substrate, a second accommodating space and a light-emitting element. The array substrate comprises a substrate and a driving element, and the driving element is arranged on the substrate. The second accommodating space penetrates through the top surface of the array substrate to the substrate, wherein the bottom size of the second accommodating space is larger than the top size of the second accommodating space. The light-emitting element is arranged in the second accommodating space and is electrically connected with the driving element, wherein the light-emitting surface of the light-emitting element faces the substrate, and the top size of the second accommodating space is larger than the size of the light-emitting element.
The display has the beneficial effects that the display is designed with the accommodating space for bearing the light-emitting element, such as the accommodating space formed by the array substrate and the optical structure, or the accommodating space penetrating from the top surface of the array substrate to the top surface of the substrate, so that the alignment precision problem of the light-emitting element can be effectively improved, and the display has better reliability and display quality.
In order to make the above features and advantages of the present invention more comprehensible, embodiments accompanied with figures are described in detail below.
Drawings
Fig. 1-13 are partial cross-sectional views of displays according to some embodiments of the invention.
The reference numerals are as follows:
10. 20, 101, 201, 102, 202, 103, 203: hypotenuse
100. 200, 300, 400, 500, 600, 700, 800, 900, 1000, 1100, 1200, 1300: a display
110 array substrate
112 substrate
114 drive element
1142 Source/drain electrodes
1144 grid electrode
1146 semiconductor layer
115 buffer layer
1151 interlayer insulating layer
1152 dielectric layer
116 black matrix layer
1171. 1172 protective layer
118 line layer
120. 220, 320, 420, 520, 620, 720, 820, 920, 1020, 1120 optical structure
120a, 220a, 320a, 420a, 520a, 620a: top surface
122. 222, recess
130 luminous element
130a light-emitting surface
424. 524, 624, 722, 724, 726, 822, 824, 922, 924: refractive layer
D driver
O1, O2 containing space
OB bottom
OT top portion
OS side wall
θ1, θ2, angle of inclination of light emission
Detailed Description
In the following, various embodiments of the present invention will be disclosed with reference to the accompanying drawings, and for the purposes of clarity, numerous practical details will be described in the following description. However, it should be understood that these practical details are not to be taken as limiting the invention. That is, in some embodiments of the invention, these practical details are unnecessary. Furthermore, for the sake of simplicity of the drawing, some well-known structures and elements are omitted or are shown in a simplified schematic form in the drawing.
Throughout the specification, the same reference numerals refer to the same or similar elements. In the drawings, the thickness of layers, films, panels, regions, etc. are exaggerated for clarity. It will be understood that when an element such as a layer, film, region or substrate is referred to as being "on" or "connected to" another element, it can be directly on or connected to the other element or other elements can be present intermediate the element and the other element. In contrast, when an element is referred to as being "directly on" or "directly connected to" another element, there are no other elements present between the element and the another element. As used herein, "connected" may refer to physical and/or electrical connection. Furthermore, two elements are "electrically connected" or "coupled" to each other such that other elements may be present between the two elements.
The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments of the invention only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. For example, the use of "a," "an," and "the" herein do not limit the elements to the singular or the plural. As used herein, "or" means "and/or". As used herein, the term "and/or" includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items. It will be further understood that the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising," when used in this specification, specify the presence of stated features, regions, integers, steps, operations, elements, and/or components, but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, regions, integers, steps, operations, elements, components, and/or groups thereof.
Moreover, relative terms such as "lower" or "bottom" and "upper" or "top" may be used herein to describe one element's relationship to another element as illustrated. It will be understood that relative terms are intended to encompass different orientations of the device in addition to the orientation depicted in the figures. For example, if the device in one of the figures is turned over, other elements described as being on the "lower" side of the elements would then be oriented on the "upper" side of the elements. Thus, the exemplary term "lower" may include both "lower" and "upper" orientations, depending on the particular orientation of the figure. Similarly, if the device in one of the figures is turned over, other elements described as "under" or "beneath" the elements would then be oriented "over" the other elements. Thus, the exemplary terms "under" or "beneath" can encompass both an orientation of above and below.
As used herein, "about" or "substantially" includes both the value and an average value within an acceptable deviation of the particular value as determined by one of ordinary skill in the art, taking into account the particular number of measurements and errors associated with the measurements in question (i.e., limitations of the measurement system). For example, "about" may mean within one or more standard deviations of the values, or within ±30%, ±20%, ±10%, ±5%. Further, "about" or "substantially" as used herein may be used to select a more acceptable deviation range or standard deviation based on optical, etching, or other properties, and may not be used with one standard deviation for all properties.
Unless defined otherwise, all terms (including technical and scientific terms) used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. It will be further understood that terms, such as those defined in commonly used dictionaries, should be interpreted as having a meaning that is consistent with their meaning in the context of the relevant art and the present invention and will not be interpreted in an idealized or overly formal sense unless expressly so defined herein.
Fig. 1-13 are partial cross-sectional views of displays according to some embodiments of the invention.
Referring to fig. 1, in the present embodiment, a display 100 may include an array substrate 110, an optical structure 120, and a light emitting element 130. The array substrate 110 may include a substrate 112 and a driving element 114 disposed on the substrate 112. The substrate 112 may be made of glass, quartz, organic polymer, or other suitable materials, and the driving device 114 may include a source/drain 1142, a gate 1144, and a semiconductor layer 1146, wherein the source/drain 1142 may be formed on two sides of the gate 1144 and electrically connected to the underlying semiconductor layer 1146.
It should be noted that the driving element 114 is illustrated as a top gate thin film transistor (top gate TFT), but the present invention is not limited thereto. According to other embodiments, the driving device 114 may be a bottom gate Thin Film Transistor (TFT) or other suitable thin film transistor.
In this embodiment, the optical structure 120 may be embedded in the array substrate 110, and the optical structure 120 and the array substrate 110 may form the first accommodating space O1. In addition, the light emitting element 130 may be disposed in the first accommodating space O1 and electrically connected to the driving element 114, wherein the light emitting surface 130a of the light emitting element 130 may face the optical structure 120, in other words, the light emitting element 130 may be disposed in the first accommodating space O1 with an electrode facing upwards.
The display 100 of the embodiment is designed with a receiving space (the first receiving space O1) for carrying the light emitting element 130, so that the alignment accuracy problem of the light emitting element 130 can be effectively improved, and further the display 100 has better reliability and display quality. Furthermore, the distance between the light emitting device 130 and the substrate (the array substrate 110) can be shortened by the design of the accommodating space (the first accommodating space O1), so that the probability of alignment deviation or ejection generated when the light emitting device 130 is placed can be reduced, and the alignment accuracy problem of the light emitting device 130 can be effectively improved.
In some embodiments, the light emitting element 130 may be limited to the first accommodating space O1, so that the adhesive for adhering the light emitting element 130 may be omitted, and the subsequent encapsulant may be directly used for fixing, so that the material cost may be further reduced, but the present invention is not limited thereto.
In some embodiments, the light emitting element 130 is, for example, a micro light emitting diode (micro-LED), so the light emitting element 130 may be an element transferred (for example, a macro transfer) by a laser (laser), and the levelness of the transfer substrate (not shown) may be strictly required by the transfer by the laser, so the levelness requirement of the transfer substrate may be reduced by the design of the accommodating space (the first accommodating space O1) in this embodiment, but the invention is not limited thereto.
In some embodiments, the optical structure 120 may be used to enhance the optical performance of the display 100. Further, it is possible to design the light emitted from the light emitting element 130 to pass through materials with different refractive indexes, so as to increase the light output and improve the optical efficiency. On the other hand, the light emitted from the light emitting element 130 can be reduced through the material layer in the array substrate 110 under the above design, and the unnecessary light loss can be reduced.
In some embodiments, the top surface 120a of the optical structure 120 may have a recess 122, in other words, a concave space may be formed between the optical structure 120 and the light emitting element 130, so that the light emitted from the light emitting element 130 may sequentially pass through the recess 122 with a smaller refractive index and the optical structure 120 with a larger refractive index, i.e. the refractive index may be arranged from low to high in the direction from the light emitting surface 130a toward the substrate 112, but the invention is not limited thereto.
In some embodiments, the size of the recess 122 may be larger than the size of the light emitting element 130, in other words, the recess radian of the top surface 120a of the optical structure 120 has a smaller curvature, i.e. a larger radius of curvature, so that the recess 122 may cover the light emitting element 130, so that the light emitted by the light emitting element 130 may exit along the arc surface, thereby improving the tolerance, but the invention is not limited thereto.
It should be noted that, the following embodiments use the element numbers and part of the content of the above embodiments, where the same or similar numbers are used to denote the same or similar elements, and descriptions of the same technical content are omitted, and reference may be made to the foregoing embodiments for descriptions of omitted parts, and the following embodiments are not repeated.
Referring to fig. 2, compared to the display 100, the recess 222 of the top surface 220a of the optical structure 220 of the display 200 of the present embodiment may have different radii of curvature according to different optical designs required by the display. Further, in the present embodiment, the curvature of the recess 222 may be greater than the curvature of the recess 122, i.e. the curvature radius of the recess 222 may be smaller than the curvature radius of the recess 122, and the size of the recess 222 may be smaller than the size of the light emitting element 130, so the recess 222 may not cover the light emitting element 130, but the invention is not limited thereto.
In some embodiments, the front projection of the light emitting element 130 on the substrate 112 may completely overlap the recess 222, but the invention is not limited thereto.
Referring to fig. 3, compared to the display 100, the top surface 320a of the optical structure 320 of the display 300 of the embodiment may be convex, and the light emitting element 130 is directly contacted with the vertex of the convex, so as to further enhance the light receiving capability by using the geometric structure, and further enhance the optical performance.
In some embodiments, a portion of the gap may be sandwiched between the optical structure 320 and the light emitting element 130, but the present invention is not limited thereto.
Referring to fig. 4, compared to the display 100, the top surface 420a of the optical structure 420 of the display 400 of the present embodiment may be a plane. Further, the optical structure 120 in fig. 1 may be regarded as a first refraction layer in the present embodiment, and the material may be imprinted in the recess 122 of the top surface 120a of the optical structure 120 to form the second refraction layer 424 in the present embodiment, in other words, the second refraction layer 424 may be located between the light emitting element 130 and the first refraction layer (e.g. the optical structure 120), and the second refraction layer 424 may be covered by the first refraction layer (e.g. the optical structure 120), and the shapes of the first refraction layer (e.g. the optical structure 120) and the second refraction layer 424 may be complementary and concave-convex fit.
In this embodiment, the optical structure 420 may include at least two refraction layers, such as a first refraction layer (e.g., the optical structure 120) and a second refraction layer 424, wherein a top surface of the first refraction layer (e.g., the optical structure 120) and a top surface of the second refraction layer 424 may form a continuous plane.
In some embodiments, each layer in the optical structure 420 may have a different refractive index, and each layer in the optical structure 420 may be arranged from low to high in the direction of the light-emitting surface 130a toward the substrate 112. For example, the first refractive layer (e.g. the optical structure 120) and the second refractive layer 424 may have different refractive indexes, and the refractive indexes of the first refractive layer (e.g. the optical structure 120) and the second refractive layer 424 are arranged from low to high in the direction from the light-emitting surface 130a toward the substrate 112, in other words, the refractive index of the second refractive layer 424 may be smaller than the refractive index of the first refractive layer (e.g. the optical structure 120), but the invention is not limited thereto.
In some embodiments, the material of the first refractive layer (e.g., optical structure 120) is, for example, an imprint resist material, such as silicon nitride (SiN) x ) Silicon oxide (SiO) x ) Or niobium oxide (Nb) 2 O 5 ) The material of the second refraction layer 424 is, for example, an imprint resist material, such as silicon nitride (SiN) x ) Silicon oxide (SiO) x ) Or niobium oxide (Nb) 2 O 5 ) But the present invention is not limited thereto.
Referring to fig. 5, compared to the display 200, the top surface 520a of the optical structure 520 of the display 500 of the present embodiment may be a plane. Further, the optical structure 220 in fig. 2 may be regarded as a first refraction layer in the present embodiment, and the material may be imprinted in the recess 222 of the top surface 220a of the optical structure 220 to form the second refraction layer 524, in other words, the optical structure 520 may include the first refraction layer (such as the optical structure 220) and the second refraction layer 524, wherein the top surface of the first refraction layer (such as the optical structure 220) and the top surface of the second refraction layer 524 may form a continuous plane, and the shapes of the first refraction layer (such as the optical structure 220) and the second refraction layer 524 may be complementary and concave-convex matched, but the invention is not limited thereto.
The configuration and refractive index relationship and materials between the first refractive layer (e.g., the optical structure 220) and the second refractive layer 524 may be similar to those between the first refractive layer (e.g., the optical structure 120) and the second refractive layer 424, and will not be described herein.
Referring to fig. 6, compared to the display 300, the top surface 620a of the optical structure 620 of the display 600 of the present embodiment may be a plane. Further, the optical structure 320 in fig. 3 may be regarded as a first refraction layer in the present embodiment, and the optical structure 620 may further include a second refraction layer 624, wherein the shapes of the first refraction layer (such as the optical structure 320) and the second refraction layer 624 may be complementary and concave-convex, but the invention is not limited thereto.
The configuration and refractive index relationship between the first refractive layer (e.g., the optical structure 320) and the second refractive layer 624 may be similar to those of the first refractive layer (e.g., the optical structure 120) and the second refractive layer 424, which will not be described herein.
Referring to fig. 7, compared to the display 400, the optical structure 720 of the display 700 of the present embodiment may include the first refraction layer 722, the second refraction layer 724 and the third refraction layer 726, wherein the third refraction layer 726, the second refraction layer 724 and the first refraction layer 722 may be sequentially arranged from the light-emitting surface 130a toward the substrate 112, the first refraction layer 722 may cover the second refraction layer 724 and the third refraction layer 726, the second refraction layer 724 may cover the third refraction layer 726, and the shapes of the first refraction layer 722, the second refraction layer 724 and the third refraction layer 726 may be complementary and concave-convex matched, so that the light-collecting effect and the light-emitting quantity increase can be achieved by the design of the multi-layer arc refraction layer, but the invention is not limited thereto.
In some embodiments, the refractive index of the third refractive layer 726 is less than the refractive index of the second refractive layer 724, and the refractive index of the second refractive layer 724 is less than the refractive index of the first refractive layer 722, but the invention is not limited thereto.
Referring to fig. 8, compared to the display 400, the first refraction layer 822 and the second refraction layer 824 of the optical structure 820 of the display 800 of the present embodiment may have different shape designs to form a prism structure for adjusting the brightness difference of the display 800 at different viewing angles. Further, the optical structure 820 may include a first refraction layer 822 and a second refraction layer 824, wherein the boundary between the first refraction layer 822 and the second refraction layer 824 is formed by alternately connecting a plurality of first oblique sides 10 and a plurality of second oblique sides 20, and the first oblique sides 10 and the adjacent second oblique sides 20 may form a triangle cone shape, but the invention is not limited thereto.
In this embodiment, the first oblique side 10 may have a different length from the second oblique side 20, for example, as shown in fig. 8, the length of the first oblique side 10 may be greater than the length of the second oblique side 20, and the light of the light emitting element 130 may pass through the shorter second oblique side 20, as shown by the arrow in fig. 8. For example, in a vehicle system, it is often necessary to configure a display with a specific viewing angle corresponding to different positions, so that the display 800 can form the light with a large angle and a specific viewing angle by adjusting the length difference of the first oblique side 10 and the second oblique side 20 and selecting the light emitting side of the prism structure, so as to perform viewing angle compensation for the viewers at different positions, thereby effectively covering the viewing angle range of the viewers at different positions, but the invention is not limited thereto.
In addition, each layer in the optical structure 820 may have a different refractive index, and each layer in the optical structure 820 may be arranged from low to high in the direction of the light-emitting surface 130a toward the substrate 112. For example, the first refractive layer (e.g. the optical structure 822) and the second refractive layer 824 may have different refractive indexes, and the refractive indexes of the first refractive layer (e.g. the optical structure 822) and the second refractive layer 824 are arranged from low to high in the direction from the light emitting surface 130a toward the substrate 112, in other words, the refractive index of the second refractive layer 824 may be smaller than the refractive index of the first refractive layer (e.g. the optical structure 822), but the invention is not limited thereto.
Referring to fig. 9, the first refractive layer 922 and the second refractive layer 924 of the optical structure 920 of the display 900 of the embodiment may have different refractive index designs compared to the display 800. In this embodiment, the refractive index of the first refractive layer 922 may be smaller than the refractive index of the second refractive layer 924, in other words, the refractive index may be arranged from high to low in the direction of the light-emitting surface 130a toward the substrate 112. Further, in the present embodiment, the light of the light emitting element 130 may pass through the longer first oblique side 10, as shown by the arrow in fig. 9.
Accordingly, the refractive index arrangement of the optical structure 920 of the display 900 of fig. 9 in the direction from the light-emitting surface 130a to the substrate 112 is opposite to that of the optical structure 820 of the display 800 of fig. 8, and the light of the light-emitting element 130 can be selected to pass through different light-emitting edges of the prism structure (the light of the light-emitting element 130 of the display 900 of fig. 9 passes through the longer first oblique side 10, and the light of the light-emitting element 130 of the display 800 of fig. 8 passes through the shorter second oblique side 20), so that the display 900 of fig. 9 and the display 800 of fig. 8 can achieve the same viewing angle compensation effect, i.e. form the light-emitting of a large angle specific viewing angle, so as to perform the viewing angle compensation on the viewers at different positions, and further effectively cover the viewing angle ranges of the viewers at different positions.
Referring to fig. 10, compared to the display 900, the display 1000 of the present embodiment may have multiple sets of optical structures to form light output from multiple specific viewing angles. Further, the plurality of sets of optical structures may include an optical structure 920 (a first optical structure) and an optical structure 1020 (a second optical structure) as shown in fig. 9, wherein the optical structure 920 (the first optical structure) and the refractive index optical structure 1020 (the second optical structure) may be arranged from high to low in the direction from the light emitting surface 130a to the substrate 112, and the first viewing angle and the second viewing angle are respectively formed by adjusting the light emitting inclination angle θ1 (the angle between the extending line of the second hypotenuse 20 and the surface of the substrate 112) of the second hypotenuse 20 of the optical structure 920, the light emitting inclination angle θ2 (the angle between the extending line of the second hypotenuse 201 and the surface of the substrate 112) of the second hypotenuse 201 of the optical structure 1020, the ratio of the second hypotenuse 20 of the optical structure 920 to the first hypotenuse 10, and the ratio of the second hypotenuse 201 to the first hypotenuse 101 of the optical structure 1020. For example, in a vehicle system, when a bar-type curved display is used, the viewing angle direction needs to be controlled to the driver's position, and the farther from the driver, the optical structure having a larger viewing angle needs to be disposed. In the display 1000 of the present embodiment, by adjusting the light-emitting inclination angle θ1 of the second hypotenuse 20 of the optical structure 920 to be larger than the light-emitting inclination angle θ2 of the second hypotenuse 201 of the optical structure 1020 and the ratio of the second hypotenuse 20 to the first hypotenuse 10 of the optical structure 920 to be smaller than the ratio of the second hypotenuse 201 to the first hypotenuse 101 of the optical structure 1020, the optical structure 920 can form a first viewing angle with a smaller light-emitting inclination angle, and can be arranged closer to the driver D, and the optical structure 1020 can form a second viewing angle with a larger light-emitting inclination angle, and can be arranged farther from the driver D, so that the driver D is located at the right position of the drawing, for example, but the invention is not limited thereto.
Referring to fig. 11, compared to the display 1000, the optical structures 920 and 1120 of the display 1100 of the present embodiment may have different viewing angle designs. In this embodiment, the optical structures 920 and 1120 may be in mirror image design, for example, the ratio of the second hypotenuse 20 to the first hypotenuse 10 of the optical structure 920 may be the same as the ratio of the second hypotenuse 202 to the first hypotenuse 102 of the optical structure 1120 but in mirror image configuration, and the second hypotenuse 202 of the optical structure 1120 may have the same light-emitting inclination angle θ1 as the second hypotenuse 20 of the optical structure 920, so that the optical structure 920 forms a first viewing angle with the light-emitting direction towards the viewer at the right position of the drawing, and the optical structure 1120 forms a second viewing angle with the light-emitting direction towards the viewer at the left position of the drawing, but the invention is not limited thereto.
It should be noted that although the display 1000 and the display 1100 form only two different viewing angles, the present invention is not limited to the number of viewing angles that can be presented in the display, and can be adjusted according to the actual design requirements.
Referring to fig. 12, compared with the display 900, the first oblique side 103 and the second oblique side 203 of the display 1200 of the embodiment have the same length, so as to achieve the light emitting at a narrow angle, concentrate the light to the middle area, and have the peep-proof function of limiting the viewing angle, but the invention is not limited thereto.
It should be noted that the number of refraction layers and materials in the foregoing embodiments are not limited in the present invention, and may be determined according to practical design requirements.
Referring to fig. 13, in the present embodiment, the display 1300 may include an array substrate 110, a second accommodating space O2 and a light emitting device 130. The array substrate 110 may include a substrate 112 and a driving element 114, and the driving element 114 may be disposed on the substrate 112. The second accommodating space O2 may penetrate from the top surface of the array substrate 110 to the substrate 112, where the bottom OB size of the second accommodating space O2 is greater than the top OT size of the second accommodating space O2. The light emitting element 130 is disposed in the second accommodating space O2 and electrically connected to the driving element 130, wherein the light emitting surface 130a of the light emitting element 130 faces the substrate 112, and a top OT size of the second accommodating space O2 is larger than a size of the light emitting element 130.
Therefore, the display 1300 of the present embodiment is designed with the accommodating space (the second accommodating space O2) for carrying the light emitting element 130, so that the alignment accuracy problem of the light emitting element 130 can be effectively improved, and further the reliability and the display quality can be improved. Furthermore, the distance between the light emitting device 130 and the substrate (the array substrate 110) can be shortened by the design of the accommodating space (the second accommodating space O2), so that the alignment offset generated when the light emitting device 130 is placed can be reduced, and the alignment accuracy problem of the light emitting device 130 can be effectively improved. In addition, since the bottom OB size of the second accommodating space O2 is greater than the top OT size of the second accommodating space O2, and the top OT size of the second accommodating space O2 is greater than the size of the light emitting element 130, the stress of the corners can be effectively buffered, and the reliability of the display 1300 can be further improved.
In some embodiments, the light emitting element 130 may have a distance from the sidewall OS of the second accommodating space O2, but the invention is not limited thereto.
In some embodiments, the second accommodating space O2 may be an undercut structure, but the present invention is not limited thereto.
In some embodiments, the substrate 112 is a flexible substrate, so that the second accommodating space O2 of the present embodiment can achieve better buffering effect under the condition of multiple flexing, but the present invention is not limited thereto.
In some embodiments, the array substrate 110 may further include a buffer layer 115, a Black Matrix (BM) layer 116, an interlayer insulating layer 1151, a dielectric layer 1152 electrically isolating the gate 1144 from other lines, a protective layer (passivation layer) 1171, 1172, and a line layer 118, where the buffer layer 115, the interlayer insulating layer 1151, the dielectric layer 1152, the Black Matrix layer 116, the protective layer 1171, 1172, and the line layer 118 may be made of any suitable material and may be configured in any suitable manner, for example, as shown in any of fig. 1 to 13, but the present invention is not limited thereto. In addition, the array substrate 110 may further include any suitable film layer, not shown.
In summary, the display of the present invention is designed with a receiving space for carrying the light emitting device, such as a receiving space formed by the array substrate and the optical structure, or a receiving space extending from the top surface of the array substrate to the top surface of the substrate, so that the alignment accuracy problem of the light emitting device can be effectively improved, and further the display has better reliability and display quality.
Although the present invention has been described with reference to the above embodiments, it should be understood that the invention is not limited thereto, but rather may be modified or altered somewhat by persons skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention.

Claims (16)

1. A display, comprising:
the array substrate comprises a base and a driving element, and the driving element is arranged on the base;
the optical structure is embedded in the array substrate, and the optical structure and the array substrate form a first accommodating space; and
the light-emitting element is arranged in the first accommodating space and is electrically connected with the driving element, wherein the light-emitting surface of the light-emitting element faces the optical structure, and a gap is formed between the optical structure and the light-emitting element; or the optical structure includes a refractive layer formed of an imprinting material;
wherein when the optical structure further comprises the refractive layer, the refractive layer is at least two refractive layers, each of the at least two refractive layers having a different refractive index.
2. The display of claim 1, wherein the light emitting element is a laser transferred element.
3. The display of claim 1, wherein when the optical structure and the light-emitting element have the gap therebetween, a top surface of the optical structure has a recess, and a size of the recess is larger than a size of the light-emitting element.
4. The display of claim 1, wherein when the optical structure and the light-emitting element have the gap therebetween, a top surface of the optical structure has a recess, and a size of the recess is smaller than a size of the light-emitting element.
5. The display of claim 1, wherein when the optical structure and the light emitting element have the gap therebetween, a top surface of the optical structure is convex, and the light emitting element is in direct contact with an apex of the convex.
6. The display of claim 1, wherein the top surface of the optical structure is planar when the optical structure further comprises the refractive layer.
7. The display of claim 6, wherein the refractive index of each of the at least two refractive layers is arranged from low to high or from high to low in the direction of the light-emitting surface toward the substrate.
8. A display, comprising:
an array substrate, wherein the array substrate comprises a base and at least one driving element, and the at least one driving element is arranged on the base;
the optical structure is embedded in the array substrate, and forms a first accommodating space with the array substrate, wherein the optical structure is provided with a first refraction layer and a second refraction layer, the shapes of the first refraction layer and the second refraction layer are complementary and are matched in a concave-convex manner, the refractive index of the first refraction layer is different from that of the second refraction layer, and the second refraction layer is formed by an imprinting material; and
at least one light-emitting element is arranged in the first accommodating space and is electrically connected with the at least one driving element, wherein the light-emitting surface of the light-emitting element faces the optical structure.
9. The display of claim 8, wherein the interface between the first refractive layer and the second refractive layer is formed by alternately connecting a plurality of first oblique sides and a plurality of second oblique sides, and the first oblique sides and the adjacent second oblique sides form a triangular cone shape.
10. The display of claim 9, wherein the first oblique side and the second oblique side have different lengths.
11. The display of claim 9, wherein the first oblique side and the second oblique side have the same length.
12. The display of claim 9, wherein the at least one optical structure comprises a first optical structure and a second optical structure, and an exit tilt angle of a second hypotenuse of the first optical structure is different from an exit tilt angle of a second hypotenuse of the second optical structure.
13. A display, comprising:
the array substrate comprises a base and a driving element, and the driving element is arranged on the base;
the second accommodating space penetrates through the top surface of the array substrate to the substrate, wherein the bottom size of the second accommodating space is larger than the top size of the second accommodating space; and
the light-emitting element is arranged in the second accommodating space and is electrically connected with the driving element, wherein the light-emitting surface of the light-emitting element faces the substrate, and the top size of the second accommodating space is larger than the size of the light-emitting element.
14. The display of claim 13, wherein the light emitting element is spaced apart from a sidewall of the second receiving space.
15. The display of claim 13, wherein the second receiving space is an undercut structure.
16. The display of claim 13, wherein the substrate is a flexible substrate.
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