CN112991892B - A flexible double-slit device for double-slit experiments - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of double-slit experimental equipment, in particular to a flexible double-slit device used for double-slit experiments. In the present invention, a fixed perforated plate unit, a movable perforated plate unit and two movable baffle units are arranged on the perforated bottom plate unit, so that the gap and width of the double-slit structure can be independently and flexibly adjusted. The invention has the following advantages: the misalignment adjustment function between the fixed perforated plate unit and the movable perforated plate unit can ensure that the seam distance can be flexibly adjusted within a certain range; The side slit width can be independently and flexibly adjusted to meet various optical teaching requirements; the entire double-slit device has high structural stability, simple and convenient adjustment operation, high precision, and a very compact overall structure.

Description

A flexible double-slit device for double-slit experiments

technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of double-slit experimental equipment, in particular to a flexible double-slit device used for double-slit experiments.

Background technique

In the process of optical double-slit experimental teaching, at least the following adjustments to the double-slit device are required to meet the teaching requirements of various optical systems and to enable students to better and more deeply understand the principle of double-slit: first, in the slit When the width remains unchanged, adjust the seam distance, and the seam distance adjustment range is generally 0.5-1.0mm; second, when the seam distance remains unchanged, adjust the two seam width parameters symmetrically or asymmetrically.

On the existing teaching device, the way to meet the above two requirements is to constantly replace various types of double-slit panels. The specifications and parameters of this type of double-slit panels have been prefabricated and fixed, and cannot be adjusted. Therefore, the entire double-slit teaching The device will include dozens or even dozens of double-slit plates, which brings great trouble to the double-slit experiment.

So to sum up, there is an urgent need for a double-slit device that can flexibly adjust the two parameters of the seam width and the seam distance, and the two parameters should be independently adjustable.

The patent announcement number is CN209641194U, and the Chinese utility model patent with the announcement date of 2019.11.15 discloses an integrated double-slit interferometer, including a box body, a light-emitting device is fixed on the rear side wall of the box body, and a light emitting device is fixed on the front side of the box body. The measuring device is fixed on the wall, and the light-shielding cylinder is fixed through the bracket in the middle of the box; the light-emitting device is composed of a battery box, an LED light source and a switch button. The battery box and the LED light source are inside the box, and the switch button is outside the box. The rear side wall of the box body is connected together by punching holes; the measuring device is composed of a vernier caliper and a measuring head, which are fixed together with the light-shielding tube in the box body by punching holes in the front side wall of the box body; the single-slit double-slit lens is solidified and installed on the light-shielding tube On, to avoid secondary adjustment; the single-slit double-slit lens is equipped with a filter at the front end.

However, the specifications of the single-slit and double-slit lenses of the double-slit interferometer in this utility model patent are fixed and non-adjustable, so there is a problem that the double-slit experiment is not comprehensive enough to deepen the understanding of the experiment.

Contents of the invention

The invention provides a flexible double-slit device for double-slit experiments, which can achieve double-slit experiment by setting a fixed perforated plate unit, a movable perforated plate unit and two movable baffle units on the perforated bottom plate unit. The seam distance and seam width of the seam structure can be independently and flexibly adjusted.

The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the above problems is: a flexible double-slit device for double-slit experiments, comprising a vertically arranged perforated bottom plate unit, which is arranged on the vertical side of the perforated bottom plate unit and used to form The fixed perforated plate unit of the initial seam distance is arranged on the vertical side of the perforated bottom plate unit and is used for adjustment by sliding laterally on the vertical side of the fixed perforated plate unit to adjust the size of the overlapping area The movable perforated plate unit with double slits, and the vertical side of the perforated bottom plate unit is respectively located on both sides of the fixed perforated plate unit and passes through the vertical direction of the movable perforated plate unit. Two active baffle units for independent adjustment of two seam width parameters in the way of lateral sliding on the side.

A further preferred technical solution is that: the perforated bottom plate unit includes a vertical plate, and the bottom plate openings arranged on the vertical plate are arranged on the side of the vertical plate and located in the bottom plate opening. The protruding support plate below and used to support the fixed perforated plate unit, the movable perforated plate unit and the two movable baffle units is arranged on the upper surface of the protruded support plate and is used for The vertical limit plate for clamping and limiting on the outer surface of the movable baffle unit is arranged on the upper surface of the protruding support plate and is located inside the vertical limit plate and is used to clamp and fix the fixed opening. The orifice plate unit, the first vertical plate that engages and limits the movable orifice plate unit, and is arranged on the upper surface of the protruding support plate and is located inside the vertical limit plate and is used for clamping and fixing the The other side of the fixed perforated plate unit is a second vertical plate that allows the movable perforated plate unit to slide through.

A further preferred technical solution is that: the thickness of the protrusion of the second vertical plate on the vertical side of the vertical plate body is smaller than that of the first vertical plate.

A further preferred technical solution is that: the fixed perforated plate unit includes a fixed rectangular plate arranged in a U-shaped frame composed of the first vertical plate, the protruding support plate and the second vertical plate , a fixing plate opening arranged on the fixing rectangular plate, and a fixing plate vertical strip arranged in the fixing plate opening and used to form an initial seam distance.

A further preferred technical solution is that: the movable perforated plate unit includes a sliding rectangular plate arranged on the protruding support plate and between the first vertical plate and the movable baffle unit; a plate pushing part on the side of the vertical plate and located above the movable baffle unit near the side of the second vertical plate, a sliding plate opening arranged on the sliding rectangular plate, and The vertical strip of the sliding plate is arranged on the opening of the sliding plate and forms the overlapping area together with the vertical strip of the fixing plate.

A further preferred technical solution is that: the plate pusher includes a fixed plate arranged on the side of the vertical plate, a pulling spring arranged between the fixed plate and the opposite side of the sliding rectangular plate, and a through After passing through the fixing plate and pushing the sliding rectangular plate laterally, the seam adjustment bolt is used to adjust the effective seam distance.

A further preferred technical solution is that: the movable baffle unit includes a set on the protruding support plate, and the outer surface fits the vertical limiting plate, and the inner side fits the sliding rectangular plate and is used to form a double slit. The knife-shaped plate of the outer seam of the structure is arranged on the inner side of the knife-shaped plate and slides on the side of the vertical plate body and is used to make room for the fixed perforated plate unit and the movable perforated plate unit A support plate for the internal installation space, and a slit width adjustment part arranged on the side of the vertical plate body and used to push and adjust the knife-shaped plate.

A further preferred technical solution is: the transverse cross-sectional shape of the knife-shaped plate is a right-angled trapezoid, and the edge of the knife-shaped plate corresponding to the acute angle of the right-angled trapezoid is the outer edge of the double-slit structure.

A further preferred technical solution is that: the slit width adjustment part includes a side fixing plate arranged on the side of the vertical plate body, and a reset mechanism arranged between the side fixing plate and the opposite side of the knife-shaped plate The spring, and the adjusting bolts that are screwed on the side fixing plate and used to adjust the seam width parameters of the double-slit structure by jacking up the knife-shaped plate in the middle.

A further preferred technical solution is that: the number of the return springs is two, and the adjustment bolt is arranged between the upper and lower return springs.

The present invention has the following advantages: first, the perforated bottom plate unit, the fixed perforated plate unit, the movable perforated plate unit and the movable baffle unit have overlapping perforated areas on the optical path to ensure that light can pass through smoothly; Second, the misalignment adjustment function between the fixed perforated plate unit and the movable perforated plate unit can ensure that the seam distance can be flexibly adjusted within a certain range; third, the two movable baffle units can be slid and adjusted independently to ensure The slit width can be adjusted independently and flexibly to meet various optical teaching requirements; fourth, the entire double-slit device has high structural stability, simple and convenient adjustment operation, high precision, and a very compact overall structure.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a perforated floor unit in the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention at a front view angle.

Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention viewed from above.

Fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of the fixed perforated plate unit in the present invention.

Fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of the movable perforated plate unit in the present invention.

Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of the position and structure of the movable baffle unit in the present invention in a top view.

Detailed ways

The following descriptions are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and do not limit the scope of the present invention.

Embodiment: as shown in accompanying drawing 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and accompanying drawing 6, a kind of flexible double-slit device for double-slit experiment comprises vertically arranged perforated floor unit 1, is arranged on the The fixed perforated plate unit 2 on the vertical side of the perforated bottom plate unit 1 and used to form the initial seam distance is arranged on the vertical side of the perforated bottom plate unit 1 and passes through the vertical side of the fixed perforated plate unit 2 Sliding laterally to the side to adjust the size of the overlapping area is used to adjust the movable perforated plate unit 3 of the double slit distance, and is arranged on the vertical side of the perforated bottom plate unit 1 and is respectively located in the fixed perforated hole The two sides of the panel unit 2 and the two movable baffle units 4 for independently adjusting two slit width parameters by sliding laterally on the vertical side of the movable perforated panel unit 3 .

In this embodiment, the seam distance adjustment method of the double-slit structure is the fixed perforated plate unit 2 and the movable perforated plate unit 3 with the same basic size. The former is fixed and the latter slides, so that the originally overlapped The area used to form the seam distance is pulled apart. The smaller the distance is, the larger the seam distance will be. On the contrary, the minimum seam distance value will be completely overlapped. Of course, the two overlapping regions cannot be pulled apart completely, otherwise it will become "three seams" structure", which is not allowed.

Secondly, the two movable baffle units 4 can be independently and freely pulled apart to both sides, and the slit width of the double-slit structure can be flexibly adjusted to ensure that the entire double-slit device has the same slit distance and slit width. Flexible and adjustable effects.

The perforated bottom plate unit 1 includes a vertical plate body 101, a bottom plate opening 102 arranged on the vertical plate body 101, disposed on the side of the vertical plate body 101 and located below the bottom plate opening 102 And be used to support the protruding support plate 103 of described fixed perforated plate unit 2, movable perforated plate unit 3 and two described movable baffle units 4, be arranged on the upper surface of described protruding support plate 103 and be used for The vertical limit plate 104 that is engaged and limited on the outer surface of the two movable baffle units 4 is arranged on the upper surface of the protruding support plate 103 and is located inside the vertical limit plate 104 and used For clamping and fixing the fixed perforated plate unit 2, engaging and limiting the first vertical plate 105 of the movable perforated plate unit 3, and being arranged on the upper surface of the protruding support plate 103 and located on the The inner side of the vertical limiting plate 104 is used to clamp and fix the second vertical plate 106 on the other side of the fixed perforated plate unit 2 and allow the movable perforated plate unit 3 to slide through.

In this embodiment, the vertical plate body 101, the protruding support plate 103 and the vertical limit plate 104 form a U-shaped structure parallel to the direction of light advance, which is used to ensure that the two outermost movable The baffle unit 4 is not easy to flip and fall down, and the first vertical plate 105, the protruding support plate 103 and the second vertical plate 106 form a U-shaped structure perpendicular to the direction of light advance, ensuring that the fixed opening The orifice plate unit 2 will not move accidentally, and finally the movable orifice plate unit 3 slides stably for adjusting the seam distance, and the movable baffle unit 4 slides stably for adjusting the seam width, finally ensuring the double seam device effective use.

The protrusion thickness of the second vertical plate 106 on the vertical side of the vertical plate body 101 is smaller than that of the first vertical plate 105 .

In this embodiment, the basic perforated plate structures of the fixed perforated plate unit 2 and the movable perforated plate unit 3 are completely consistent in size for the sake of uniformity and simplicity in production and manufacturing. , so the first vertical plate 105 can be relatively thick for clamping the fixed perforated plate unit 2 on one side and limiting the movable perforated plate unit 3, but at this time if the second If the vertical plates 106 have the same thickness, then the movable perforated plate unit 3 cannot slide, so the thickness of the second vertical plate 106 is relatively small and can only hold the fixed perforated plate unit 2, In this way, it can be ensured that the movable perforated plate unit 3 can slide smoothly.

The fixed perforated plate unit 2 includes a fixed rectangular plate 201 arranged in a U-shaped frame composed of the first vertical plate 105, the protruding support plate 103 and the second vertical plate 106, A fixing plate opening 202 on the fixing rectangular plate 201, and a fixing plate vertical bar 203 arranged in the fixing plate opening 202 and used to form an initial seam distance.

The movable perforated plate unit 3 includes a sliding rectangular plate 301 arranged on the protruding support plate 103 and between the first vertical plate 105 and the movable baffle unit 4 , arranged on the vertical Towards the plate body pushing part 302 on the side of the plate body 101 and located above the movable baffle unit 4 near the side of the second vertical plate 106, the sliding plate arranged on the sliding rectangular plate 301 is opened. hole 303, and the sliding plate vertical bar 304 which is arranged on the sliding plate opening 303 and forms the overlapping area together with the fixing plate vertical bar 203.

In this embodiment, the fixed rectangular plate 201, the fixed plate opening 202, the fixed plate vertical bar 203, and the sliding rectangular plate 301, the sliding plate opening 303, and the sliding plate vertical bar 304 The size is exactly the same and can be used interchangeably. The movable perforated plate unit 3 is only passed through: first, the plate pushing part 302 is added; second, the second vertical plate 106 is not stuck These two points of the sliding rectangular plate 301 ensure that the movable perforated plate unit 3 can slide smoothly.

The plate pusher 302 includes a fixed plate 302a arranged on the side of the vertical plate 101, a pull spring 302b arranged between the fixed plate 302a and the opposite side of the sliding rectangular plate 301, and a Behind the fixed plate 302a, the seam adjustment bolt 302c is used to adjust the effective seam distance by pushing the sliding rectangular plate 301 laterally.

In this embodiment, the gap adjustment bolt 302c is finally used to push and adjust the position of the vertical strip 304 of the sliding plate, and the pulling spring 302b is used to "press" the sliding rectangular plate 301 The seam adjustment bolts 302c are used to ensure that the sliding rectangular plate 301 is fixed after adjustment.

The movable baffle unit 4 is provided on the protruding support plate 103, and the outer surface is attached to the vertical limit plate 104, and the inner surface is attached to the sliding rectangular plate 301, and is used to form the outer seam of the double-slit structure. The knife-shaped plate 401 on the side is arranged on the inner side of the knife-shaped plate 401 and slides on the side of the vertical plate body 101 and is used to give the fixed perforated plate unit 2 and the movable perforated plate unit 3 The support plate 402 that frees up the space for internal installation, and the slit width adjustment part 403 arranged on the side of the vertical plate body 101 and used to push and adjust the knife-shaped plate 401 . The transverse cross-sectional shape of the knife-shaped plate 401 is a right-angled trapezoid, and the edge of the knife-shaped plate 401 corresponding to the acute angle of the right-angled trapezoid is the outer edge of the double-slit structure.

In this embodiment, the trapezoidal knife-shaped plate 401 can ensure that the boundary forming the seam is a relatively "sharp" acute-angled edge, ensuring that the double seam boundary is clearer, and the support plate 402 makes the knife The inner side of the template 401 can accommodate the fixed perforated plate unit 2 and the movable perforated plate unit 3, ensuring that the entire double-slit structure can be formed smoothly,

In addition, the above-mentioned fit refers to the distance between the inner surface of the vertical limiting plate 104 and the outer surface of the sliding rectangular plate 301, which is 0.1-0.2mm larger than the thickness of the knife-shaped plate 401, ensuring that the The sliding rectangular plate 301 and the knife-shaped plate 401 can slide relatively effortlessly and stably.

The slit width adjusting part 403 includes a side fixing plate 403a arranged on the side of the vertical plate body 101, and a return spring 403b arranged between the side fixing plate 403a and the opposite side of the knife-shaped plate 401 , and the adjusting bolt 403c that is screwed on the side fixing plate 403a and is used to adjust the slit width parameter of the double slit structure by jacking up the knife-shaped plate 401 towards the middle. The number of the return springs 403b is two, and the adjustment bolt 403c is arranged between the upper and lower return springs 403b.

In this embodiment, the structure of the slit width adjusting part 403 is completely the same as the structure of the board body pushing part 302, and the two only have differences in the aspects of installation position, size specifications and purpose of use. The purpose of the width adjustment part 403 is also to ensure that the knife-shaped plate 401 can slide stably, and can be fixed after sliding to a desired position, and will not be accidentally loosened again.

The embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, within the scope of knowledge possessed by those of ordinary skill in the technical field, it can also be done without departing from the gist of the present invention. Make various modifications. These are all non-creative modifications, as long as they are all protected by the patent law within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims (6)

1. A nimble two slit device for two slit experiments, its characterized in that: comprises a vertically arranged perforated bottom plate unit (1), a fixed perforated plate unit (2) which is arranged on the vertical side surface of the perforated bottom plate unit (1) and used for forming an initial seam distance, a movable perforated plate unit (3) which is arranged on the vertical side surface of the perforated bottom plate unit (1) and used for adjusting double seam distance in a mode of transversely sliding on the vertical side surface of the fixed perforated plate unit (2) and further adjusting the size of an overlapping area, and two movable baffle units (4) which are arranged on the vertical side surface of the perforated bottom plate unit (1) and are respectively positioned on two sides of the fixed perforated plate unit (2) and used for independently adjusting two seam width parameters in a mode of transversely sliding on the vertical side surface of the movable perforated plate unit (3),

the perforated bottom plate unit (1) comprises a vertical plate body (101), a bottom plate perforated hole (102) arranged on the vertical plate body (101), a first vertical plate (105) arranged on the side surface of the vertical plate body (101) and positioned below the perforated bottom plate perforated hole (102) and used for supporting the fixed perforated plate unit (2), the movable perforated plate unit (3) and two protruding support plates (103) of the movable baffle unit (4), a vertical limit plate (104) arranged on the upper surface of the protruding support plate (103) and used for clamping and limiting the outer side surfaces of the two movable baffle units (4), a second vertical plate (106) arranged on the upper surface of the protruding support plate (103) and positioned on the inner side of the vertical limit plate (104) and used for clamping and fixing the fixed perforated plate unit (2), and a second vertical plate (105) arranged on the upper surface of the protruding support plate (103) and used for allowing the movable perforated plate unit (3) to pass through the sliding through,

the fixed orifice plate unit (2) comprises a fixed rectangular plate (201) arranged in a U-shaped frame formed by the first vertical plate (105), the convex supporting plate (103) and the second vertical plate (106), a fixed plate opening (202) arranged on the fixed rectangular plate (201) and a fixed plate vertical strip (203) arranged in the fixed plate opening (202) and used for forming an initial gap distance,

the movable aperture plate unit (3) comprises a sliding rectangular plate (301) arranged on the convex supporting plate (103) and positioned between the first vertical plate (105) and the movable baffle unit (4), a plate body pushing part (302) arranged on the side surface of the vertical plate body (101) and positioned above the movable baffle unit (4) and close to one side position of the second vertical plate (106), a sliding plate opening (303) arranged on the sliding rectangular plate (301), and a sliding plate vertical bar (304) arranged on the sliding plate opening (303) and forming the overlapped area together with the fixed plate vertical bar (203),

the movable baffle unit (4) comprises a knife-shaped plate (401) which is arranged on the convex supporting plate (103) and is attached to the outer side face of the vertical limiting plate (104), is attached to the inner side face of the sliding rectangular plate (301) and is used for forming an outer side hemming of a double-slit structure, a supporting plate (402) which is arranged on the inner side face of the knife-shaped plate (401) and is used for sliding on the side face of the vertical plate body (101) and is used for giving out an internal installation space for the fixed hole opening plate unit (2) and the movable hole opening plate unit (3), and a hemming width adjusting part (403) which is arranged on the side face of the vertical plate body (101) and is used for pushing and adjusting the knife-shaped plate (401).

2. A flexible two-slit device for two-slit experiments as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the thickness of the protrusions of the second vertical plates (106) on the vertical side surfaces of the vertical plate body (101) is smaller than that of the first vertical plates (105).

3. A flexible two-slit device for two-slit experiments as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the plate body pushing part (302) comprises a fixed plate (302 a) arranged on the side surface of the vertical plate body (101), a pulling spring (302 b) arranged between the fixed plate (302 a) and the opposite side surface of the sliding rectangular plate (301), and a seam distance adjusting bolt (302 c) which passes through the fixed plate (302 a) and is used for adjusting the effective seam distance by transversely pushing the sliding rectangular plate (301).

4. A flexible two-slit device for two-slit experiments as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the transverse cross section of the knife-shaped plate (401) is in a right trapezoid shape, and the edge of the knife-shaped plate (401) corresponding to the acute angle of the right trapezoid shape is an outer side seam edge of the double-seam structure.

5. A flexible two-slit device for two-slit experiments as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the seam width adjusting part (403) comprises a side fixing plate (403 a) arranged on the side surface of the vertical plate body (101), a reset spring (403 b) arranged between the side fixing plate (403 a) and the opposite side surface of the knife-shaped plate (401), and an adjusting bolt (403 c) which is in threaded connection with the side fixing plate (403 a) and is used for adjusting the seam width parameters of the double-seam structure in a mode of jacking the knife-shaped plate (401) towards the middle.

6. A flexible two-slit device for two-slit experiments as claimed in claim 5, wherein: the number of the return springs (403 b) is two, and the adjusting bolt (403 c) is arranged between the upper and lower return springs (403 b).

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